人教版初三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)講義

#/55練習(xí)題Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake. areclimbingthehill.OthersB.OtherC.AnotherD.TheotherThereisn't intoday'snewspaper.importantsomethingB.importantanythingC.anythingimportantD.nothingimportant-Whosewatchisthis,Mary?Isityoursister's?-No,Mum.It'snot .It's .A.hers,myB.her,myC.Mine,hersD.hers,mine4..TheChangjiangRiveristhethird riverintheworld.A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongestAnelephantis thanahorse.A.morestrongB.muchstrongerC.themoststrongD.muchmorestrongWhichdoyoulike ,tea,orangeorwater?A.goodB.WellC.BetterD.Best六、介詞與形容詞搭配的詞組有：beafraidof〔怕）beangrywith〔生某人的氣）beawayfrom〔不在某地）bedifferentfrom〔與…不同）begoodat（善于）begood/badfor…有益/有害〉 beinterestedin〔對(duì)…感興趣）belatefor（遲到） be/getreadyfor（為作好準(zhǔn)備）besureofT寸…有把握〉beworriedabout（為…感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)）介詞后常用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格和動(dòng)詞-ing形式1>Youmusttakegoodcareofher.2>Thankyouforteachingussowell.幾組易混淆的介詞”在…之后”in+一段時(shí)間〔用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）after+一段時(shí)間（用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)）after+一點(diǎn)時(shí)間〔常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）如:Thebabystoppedcryingafterhalfanhour.Thebabywillstopcryinginhalfanhour.TheywillvisittheirteacherafterFriday.for+一段時(shí)間 since+ii去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間這兩者均用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體在時(shí)態(tài)部分，我會(huì)繼續(xù)向同學(xué)們講解.bemadeof”用 制成"bemadein”由某地制造”bemadebysomebody"由某人制成”in,on,at表時(shí)間in”在某月v季節(jié)、年>^"eg:in1996,inJanuary,insummer固定詞組：inthemorning,inaweek,inaminute,intime,intheendon”用于指具體的某一天或?qū)Ｖ改骋惶焐衔?、下午或晚上等’eg:onChristmasDay,onthenightofFebruary16at”用于具體時(shí)刻前和某些固定詞組中”固定詞組：atseven,atthemoment,atnight,atlast,atfirst,atnoon,attimes,atonce,atthistimeoftheyear,atthebeginningof,attheendofthismonth,atthesametime注意：在表時(shí)間里下列情況下—般不用介詞.詞組里有：next,last,this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,one,every,all以與thedaybeforeyesterday和thedayaftertomorrow前不用介詞.如:不能說(shuō)intomorrow，只能說(shuō)tomorrow在明天except+賓格/doingsomething”除…之外”（不包括本身）EveryoneisatschooltodayexceptLinTao.<1司義句轉(zhuǎn)換〉=OnlyLinTaoisn'tatschooltoday.”用”通過(guò)交通工具byplane用語(yǔ)言inEnglish通過(guò)媒介on/overthetelephone,on/overtheradio,onTV用工具手段withapen,withone'shandsbetween"在~和~〔兩者）之間”between...and...,betweenthetwo...among在...之間v三者或三者以上〉eg.Suespentovertwohours herhomeworkyesterdayevening.A.onB.withC.atD.over七、連詞并列連詞both-and既~又~謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞neither-nor既不~也不~含否定意義，（就近原則）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由靠近它的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定單復(fù)數(shù).either--or—"或者…或者…"”不是…就是…”and”和”連接兩個(gè)并列成分，連接謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致.but”但是"表轉(zhuǎn)折，不能與Ihough同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中.or"或者"在否定句中，并列句中的列舉常用or,而不用and.Eg:Ihavebrothersandsistersx否〉Idon'thavebrothersorsisters.=Ihavenobrothersandnosisters.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞陳述句：that可省略一般疑問(wèn)句：if/whether”是否” 特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)原因狀從的有：becausev不能與so同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中〉引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：when（當(dāng)…時(shí)候）,assoonas?-（一…就）,not,??until〔直到…才），after〔在…之后），引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句，主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí).Eg:Iwon'tleaveuntilheesback.since（自從…以來(lái)）引導(dǎo)的主從復(fù)合句，主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí).Eg：Wehaven'tmeteachothersincesheleftherelastyear.while〔當(dāng)…時(shí)候，一邊???一邊…）它引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).Eg:MyfathercameinwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞：if ”如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀從，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).請(qǐng)區(qū)別于iF是否”相當(dāng)于whether,引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定eg:l>Idon'tknowifit <rain>tomorrow.2>Ifit <rain>tomorrow,I <notclimb>thehills.3>JoanandMaryhaven'tseeneachother theyleftschoolfiveyearsago.A.asB.beforeC.afterD.since八、構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞有法記無(wú)定法一、利用構(gòu)詞法記憶：合成法：note+book-*notebook,school+yard-*schoolyard,book+mark-*bookmark派生法〔即在詞根上加前、后綴記憶）：en—（使 有）+courage-*encourage；inter—（onewithanother；facetoface）+view—■interview；foreign+er〔人）-*foreigner,play4-er〔執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的人）-*player,sharpen-ber（執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的物）—sharpener；library+ an〔人）—librarian；miss（v.）+ing-*missing(adj.).probable(adj.)+(1)y-*probably(adv.),sad(adj.)+ly—sadly(adv.)；pose〔v.)+(e-*i)tion-*position(n.),inform(v.)+(a)tion-*information(n.)轉(zhuǎn)化法：know(v.)-*knowledge(n.)二、 意義關(guān)聯(lián)幫你記憶：dictionary—words,umbrella—rain,library—book—shelf,kitchen—cook三、 英英解釋?zhuān)瑴毓手拢篴broad—inortoanothercountry,overseas；interview—meetingwithsb.說(shuō)說(shuō)記憶單詞的方法詞是構(gòu)成句子的重要元素,詞匯量的多少在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中占有重要地位.今天我們講講怎樣記憶單詞.一、 把單詞放入句子中，在一定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中記憶單詞.如果一旦忘記詞義，就回憶它所在的句子.很多成績(jī)較好的同學(xué)都有一個(gè)體會(huì)，抓住對(duì)句子的理解和背誦這樣一個(gè)關(guān)鍵，記憶單詞一般來(lái)說(shuō)是毫不費(fèi)力的.二、 將單詞按歸類(lèi)的方法進(jìn)行記憶.把同義詞歸成一類(lèi)，如learn study,between among；反義詞歸成一類(lèi)，如left right,high low,strong weak；或根據(jù)含義和用途把同一類(lèi)型的詞歸成一類(lèi)，如交通工具類(lèi)：car,bus,ship,plane,truck,…學(xué)科類(lèi)：maths,science,art,geography,…頻度副詞類(lèi)：always,usually,oflen,sometimes,never;--等等.這樣當(dāng)遇到其中一個(gè)詞時(shí)，頭腦中出現(xiàn)的就是一組詞,這樣記憶單詞的效率就會(huì)大大提高.同時(shí)，還可以掌握詞與詞之間的區(qū)別和各自特殊的用法，將平時(shí)極易混淆的單詞清楚地區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)三、 利用構(gòu)詞法記憶單詞.比如happy〔幸福的)，加前綴”un”成為unhappy〔不幸福的)，改”y”為”i”加后綴“ness“則變成了名詞：happiness〔幸福)；"pea(豌豆)”與“nut〔堅(jiān)果)”可合成為"peanut〔花生)”；when(何時(shí))+ever(在任何時(shí)候)=whenever〔無(wú)論什么時(shí)候)等等四、 根據(jù)記憶與遺忘的規(guī)律來(lái)記憶單詞,即應(yīng)與時(shí)在第二天、第三天甚至以后再讀第一天記憶的單詞，定期作階級(jí)性的復(fù)習(xí)，同遺忘作斗爭(zhēng).要記憶單詞就不能怕重復(fù)，重復(fù)也是記憶的一種好方法.五、 初中階段還有一個(gè)很實(shí)用的記憶單詞的好方法就是根據(jù)音標(biāo)即單詞讀音來(lái)記單同只要你首先根據(jù)音標(biāo)把一個(gè)單詞讀準(zhǔn)、讀對(duì)，那么就可根據(jù)其讀音基本拼寫(xiě)出該單詞.首先這要掌握一定的拼讀規(guī)則.比如"dirty",根據(jù)音標(biāo)我們就能拼寫(xiě)出d-ir-t-y（在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)［i］）.這種方法對(duì)于記憶字母較多的單詞尤其有效，如”comribution”,根據(jù)音標(biāo)我們可把它分成四部分來(lái)記憶：con—tri—bu—tion,這樣就能較快地記住單詞.以系統(tǒng)的方式來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)記憶知識(shí)能起到事半功倍的效果.因此背單詞時(shí)我們一定要留心觀察，尋找詞與詞之間的關(guān)系，這樣將有助于我們記憶單詞.總之，只要我們掌握一些科學(xué)的方法，并用心去記憶，就一定能記住英語(yǔ)單詞.合成形容詞英語(yǔ)中有許多種形式的合成形容詞，僅在初中階段需要學(xué)習(xí)使用的就達(dá)九種.現(xiàn)分述如下：數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞.如：20—minu【e20分鐘的It's20—minutewalk.步行20分鐘的路程.second-class二等的That'sthesecond-classroom. 那是個(gè)二等房間.500—word五百字的Thisisa500—wordposition. 這是一篇五百字的文章.數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞.如：8—year—old八歲的MrGreenhasan8—year—oldchild. 格林先生有個(gè)八歲的孩子.數(shù)詞+名詞的ed形式.如：three-legged三條腿的 Tomboughtathree-leggedtableyesterday. 昨天湯姆買(mǎi)了一張三條腿的桌子.形容詞+名詞.如：round-trip來(lái)回的；往返的Doyouneedaround—tripticket?你想要一張往返的車(chē)票嗎？part-time非全部工作時(shí)間的；兼職的Hefoundapart—timejob. 他找到了一份額外的工作.形容詞+名詞的ed形式.如：kind-hearted好心的FatherChristmasisverykind—hearted. 圣誕老人的心腸非常好.名詞+過(guò)去分詞.如：man-made人造的

Chinahassentupmanyman-madesatellites.中國(guó)己發(fā)射了許多人造衛(wèi)星.名詞+名詞的ed形式.如：glass—topped帶有玻璃罩的Iwanttoownaglass—toppedtable.我想要一張帶有玻璃罩的Iwanttoownaglass—toppedtable.我想要一張帶有玻璃罩的桌子.我不喜歡那些所謂的歌星.副詞+過(guò)去分詞.如：so-called所謂的我不喜歡那些所謂的歌星.Idon'tlikethoseso-calledsingers.副詞+副詞.如：so-so馬馬虎虎；不好不壞的 MyEnglishisjustso—so. 我的英語(yǔ)很一般..Eg:ToanAmerican,。Chineseisa ..〈foreign〉前綴例詞派生詞un-"不"happyunhappylikeunlikeusualunusualfriendlyunfriendlyim-"不"possibleimpossible后綴例詞派生詞-er"人"leach/play/cleanteacher/player/cleanerdrivedriver（以Eg:ToanAmerican,。Chineseisa ..〈foreign〉前綴例詞派生詞un-"不"happyunhappylikeunlikeusualunusualfriendlyunfriendlyim-"不"possibleimpossible后綴例詞派生詞-er"人"leach/play/cleanteacher/player/cleanerdrivedriver（以e結(jié)尾,?r）runrunner〔重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫(xiě)-er>winwinnertraveltraveller-or"A"inventinventorvisitvisitor-ly〔副詞后綴）badbadlyquickquicklycarefulcarefullyhappyhappilydeepdeeplyluckyluckilyusualusuallynoisynoisilyslowslowlyangryangrilystrongstronglyquietquietly特例:true-trulyterrible-terriblypossible-possibly-ful〔形容詞后綴）care-ful〔形容詞后綴）carecarefulhelphelpfuluseusefulforgetforgetful-y〔形容詞后綴）rainrainyluckluckycloudcloudynoisenoisy（以erainrainyluckluckycloudcloudynoisenoisy（以e結(jié)尾，去e,加?y）snowsnowysunsunny〔雙寫(xiě)，加-y）windwindy-ion〔名詞后綴）inventinvention-ion〔名詞后綴）inventinventionoperateoperation-ness〔名詞后綴）busybusinessgoodgoodness-ness〔名詞后綴）busybusinessgoodgoodness一些特例:動(dòng)詞形容詞動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞sleepasleepboatboatingdiedeadbuildbuildingenjoyenjoyablebeginbeginningcrosscrossing名i司形容詞meetmeetingfriendfriendlytumturningsouthsouthernshopshoppingwoolwoolendangerdangerous動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)為形容詞 differencedifferentfryfriedworryworried動(dòng)詞名詞breakbrokenknowknowledgeloselostflyflightpleasepleased pleasepleasurecolourcoloured名詞名詞動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)為形容詞farmfarmer農(nóng)夫followfollowinginterestinterested"感興趣的”只作表語(yǔ),僅用于beinterestedindevelopinteresting"有趣的"可作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)developed"發(fā)達(dá)的"developing”發(fā)展中的”練習(xí)題1、LucycanwritealetterJapanesethoughshehaslearneditonlyafewmonths.A.fromB.toC.inD.with2、TheywillhaveanEnglishtest twodays. A.forB.atC.inD.after3、WuDongwasborn theeveningofApril2,1975.A.atB.inC.onD.to4^Ihaven*theard her shelefthome.A.from,sinceB.from,afterC.of,whenD.of,as5、 Tomdidn'tknow JackwouldleaveforBeijingtomorrow.A.howB.weatherC.whetherD.what6、 Hisparentswere <happy>becausehehadfailedtheexamagain.7、 Mrs.Greenlikedtostay <safe>atthesameplace.8、 The <visit>fromFrancearegoingtovisitourschoolthisafternoon.思考題 1、Thefarmerwas tired hecouldn'tfallasleep.A.very...toB.too...toC.so...thatD.neither...nor2、Workhard, ouwon'tcatchupwiththeothers.A.butB.andC.ifD.or3>Thegameisvery andshe's init.A.interesting,interestingB.interested,interestedC.interested,interestingD.interesting,interested重要的短語(yǔ)、句型和慣用法〔一〕geton/off<thebus>上/下車(chē)get叩起床getreadyfor為…作準(zhǔn)備getoneselfdressed自己穿衣服getwell<better>身體好getin進(jìn)入，收集getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.為某人買(mǎi)某物getonwellwithsb/sth,與某人相處很好，…進(jìn)展順利haveanaccident出事故haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得很高興haveacoldwetday天氣又冷又濕 haveacough咳嗽haveadrink<of>...喝一杯...haveatalk聽(tīng)報(bào)告havelunch吃午飯have...forlunch午飯吃...haveameeting開(kāi)會(huì)havenoidea不知道havearest休息一下makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤mistakeAforB把A錯(cuò)認(rèn)為Btakesth.bymistake錯(cuò)拿某物makefriendswith與...交朋友makefaces做鬼臉makeafire生火makeanexcuse找籍口makea...sound發(fā)…音maketea沏茶makeroomfor...為…找出空間makeit如期赴約makeateam組成一個(gè)隊(duì)eg.Let'smakeithalfpastone.注意：時(shí)間前不用介詞atturnsth.on/off打開(kāi)/關(guān)掉…turnsth.up/down把…音量開(kāi)大/小注意：當(dāng)sth是代詞時(shí)，常放中間trysth.on試穿〔衣、鞋、帽)注意：當(dāng)sth為it或them,常放中間tryout試驗(yàn)、嘗試tryone'sbesttodosth.盡力干某事=doone'sbesttodosth.sendsb.away開(kāi)除、解雇某人 sendforsb.派人去請(qǐng)某人sendup發(fā)射hearfromsb收到…的來(lái)信 hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)hurryoff匆匆離去,趕快去hurry叩趕快getto+名詞get+副詞v不用to>reach+名詞/副詞arrivein/at+大/小地點(diǎn)〔后接副詞,不用at/in)eg.gettoShanghai、reachShanghai、arriveinShanghai到達(dá)##eg.reachhome>gethome>arrivehome至。家teachsb.English教某人英語(yǔ)teachoneself=leamsth.byoneself自學(xué)到…末為止bytheendof去時(shí)間〔用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)）bytheendof+將來(lái)時(shí)間（用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）attheendof+地點(diǎn)在…盡頭intheend=atlast最后，終于hundredsof成百上千thousandsof成千上萬(wàn)的millionsof成百萬(wàn)的bepleasedtodosth很高興地干某事 bepleasedwithsth.為某事而高興beusedfor被用來(lái)beusedas被當(dāng)作beusedby被...所使用sofar到目前為止，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)onaTuesdaymorning—個(gè)星期二的早上onthemorningofJune15lh.l998在1998年6月15日早上keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直干某事 keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事keepondoingsth.持續(xù)不斷地做某事muchloo+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)實(shí)在太...toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)多的...eg.It's expensive.Ican'tbuyit.There's rainthisyear.thanksto...由于，多虧thankstoone'shelp=becauseofone'shelp由于某人的幫忙thanksforone'shelp謝謝某人的幫助befarawayfrom+aplace/sb遠(yuǎn)離某地wearout穿壞、穿舊、用盡常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).其P.P為wornsellout售完賣(mài)完two-monthholiday=twomonths'holiday二個(gè)月的假期fallasleep入睡〔進(jìn)入狀態(tài)）gettosleep入睡〔還沒(méi)睡著）stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事eg.Shestoppedthechildfromlistening,stopdoingsth,停止干某事，不再干某事stoptodosth,停止下來(lái)干另一件事.hardlyany+n.幾乎沒(méi)有...quitea/an+形容詞+名詞一個(gè)相當(dāng)...eg.Twomonthsisquitealongtime.

avery+形容詞+名詞eg.Englishisaveryusefullanguage.beafraidof+名詞害怕…beafraidto+動(dòng)詞擔(dān)心、害怕… beafraidthat+從句恐怕…such+形容詞+名詞v復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)〉such+such+形容詞+名詞v復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)〉such+a/an+形容詞+名詞〔單數(shù)）農(nóng)作物、水果-grow<人工種出來(lái)的〉feellikedoing想干某事bemade/grown/produced三個(gè)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)都可解釋為”生產(chǎn)”歸類(lèi)：機(jī)器一類(lèi)一makev制造〉鹽.糖.絲綢一producev經(jīng)機(jī)器加工生產(chǎn)〉finishdoingsth.做完某事bebusydoingsth.忙于干某事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)干某事bealwaysdoing老是干某事hopetodosth.希望干某事...hopethat...希望某人干某事,不可用hopesb.todosth.insurprise驚奇地（作狀語(yǔ)） besurprisedatsb.對(duì)某人的舉動(dòng)感到詫異besurprisedtodosth,對(duì)做某事感到驚訝nospace<room>tostandin沒(méi)有站的地方、空間beangrywithsb.生某人的氣agreewithsb.同意某人的觀點(diǎn)withone'shelp在某人的幫助下選擇題:1.Theyarrived London acoldwinternight.A.al,inB.in,onC.at,onD.in,at2.1t'srathercoldtoday.You'dbetter moreclothesbeforeyougoout.A.putonB.wearC.toputonD.towearYoumustbeverytired.Whynot arest?A.sloptakingB.stoptotakeC.tostoptakingD.tosloptotake ,I'vecaughtupwithmyclassmatesinmyEnglishstudies.A.UnderhishelpB.WithhishelpC.UnderthehelpofhimD.WiththehelpofhimMothertoldme inthesun.A.notreadB.don'treadC.readnotD.nottoreadWatchingTV isbadforyoureyes.A.muchtooB.manytooC.toomuchD.toomanyThoseforeignvisitors ourcitythedaybeforeyesterday.A.arrived B.reachedC.reachedtoD.gotin8.Sheaskedmetohelpher herChinese.A.atB.withC.forD.on9.Look thewordsinthedictionarywhenyoudon'tknow theymean.A.up,whatB.up,thatC.for,thatD.for,whatlO.Oneafteranother,threeofthem .A.fellasleepB.gottoasleepC.wenttoasleepD.weresleeping完成句子：1.你想不想喝杯桔子汁？ Doyou drinkingaglassoforange?小楊畢業(yè)離校以來(lái)，我們從未收到他的來(lái)信.Wehavenever XiaoYangsincehe schoolforthelasttime.人們興建綠色長(zhǎng)城是為了阻止風(fēng)將土刮走PeoplestartedtobuildtheGreatGreenWall itcouldstopthewindfrom theearthaway.魏華把你錯(cuò)當(dāng)成他的兄弟，是嗎？WeiHua you hisbrother.didn'tshe?思考題：人造衛(wèi)星能用來(lái)向國(guó)外發(fā)送電視和廣播節(jié)目Man-madesatellitescanbe for TVandradioprogrammestoforeigncountries.多虧有了綠色長(zhǎng)城，現(xiàn)在他們種的棉花比以前多得多了. totheGreatGreenWall,theycangrowalot cottonthanbefore.學(xué)生們相互交朋友，通常相處得很好.Thestudentsmakefriends oneanotherandusually well.店主說(shuō)你的尺寸的羊毛衫已售完了.Theshopkeepersaidthewoolensweaters yoursizewere .重要的短語(yǔ)、句型和慣用法〔二］1.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)這是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)，表示”某地有某物”其含義為”存在有”.eg.Therearetwentygirlsinourclass.have也解釋為"有"但是與therebe有區(qū)別，它的含義是"所有，屬有"，其主語(yǔ)為某人.eg.Ihaveanicewatch.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致.Thereisarivernearourschool.否:Thereisnotarivernearourschool.問(wèn)：Istherearivernearourschool.回答：Yes,thereis.No,thereisn't.劃⑴Howmanyriversaretherenearourschool? (2)What'snearourschool?therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，同學(xué)們較難掌握，其正確形式為：thereisgoingtobe反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：Thereisnowaterintheglass,isthere??Thereisgoingto afootballmatchthisafternoon.A.haveB.watchC.beD.play②Theyweresurethattheyweregoingto arest.A.beB.haveC.beonD.on2.so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，為了避免和前一句話(huà)的內(nèi)容重復(fù)，英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣用so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句.So+be＜助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞〉+主語(yǔ).表示某人也是如此eg.Mikehasboughtsomeforeignstamps.SohasBob.=Bobhasboughtsome,too.Neither+bev助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞〉+主語(yǔ)，表示某人也不.eg.MotherhasneverbeentoJapan.NeitherhasFather.=FatherhasneverbeentoJapan,either.So+主語(yǔ)+bev助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞〉.表示果真如此v贊同〉，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們與a.區(qū)別.eg.A:Mikeisrightintheclassroom.B:Soheis.=Heisreallyintheclassroom.3.1t's+時(shí)間+since動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式.自從…起已有…時(shí)間了.⑴It'stwoweekssincewemetlasl.＜自從我們上次見(jiàn)面己有兩個(gè)星期了＞(2)HowlongisitsinceweleftBeijing?＜自從我們離開(kāi)已有多久了4.祈使句+andv那么〉...eg.Gostraightonandyou'llseeaschool.=Ifyougostraighton,you'llseeaschool. 5.祈使句+or...否貝iJ...eg.Workhard,oryouwillfallbehindtheotherstudents.=Ifyoudon'tworkhard,you'llfallbehindtheotherThe+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)…越..越...eg.(DThemore,thebetter.越多越好.(2)Theharderyouworkonit,thebetteryou'llbeat 越用功，你就越好〉Howdoyoulikethefilm?=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?v你認(rèn)為這部電影怎樣？>What...dowith...?怎樣對(duì)付...?怎樣處理...？雖然中文為怎樣，我們絕不可照字面翻譯為how.eg.A:Whathaveyoudonewiththelibrarybook?B:I'vejustreturnedittothelibrary.don'tknowwhattodo.我不知道該怎么辦？ Idon'tknowhowtodo.x10,What...belike?...是什么樣的？eg.d)What'stheweatherlike?天氣如何？(2)Whal'syourschoollike?你們學(xué)校是什么樣的？11.Wha【...for?為何目的？為什么？eg.Whatdoyouwantasciencelabfor?=Whydoyouwantasciencelab?12.oneof+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)最…之一eg.MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachers.13.findit+形容詞+todoeg.IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell. 發(fā)覺(jué)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是很有用的〉find+賓語(yǔ)+名詞eg.Ifindhimagoodboy.〈我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)好男孩.>find+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞eg.Ifindthedooropen/closed.<我發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)/關(guān)著〉Ifindourbagsfilledwith/fullofpresents.<我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的包裝滿(mǎn)了禮物〉don'tthink+肯定句我想...不eg.Idon'tthinkI'lltakeit.<?戈想我不買(mǎi)它了>請(qǐng)注意:中文意思否定在從句中，但是英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)否定在主句中.preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB更喜歡A不怎么喜歡B.eg.Ipreferfishtochicken.=Ilikefishbetterthanchickenhadbetterdosth.最好干某事.否定:hadbetternotdosth.特別注意:hadbetter后面跟be動(dòng)詞詞組，不可漏掉be.eg.You'dbettercatchatrain.You'dbetternottalkinclass.You'dbetternotbelatefortheclass.17.ltisgood<nice>of+賓格+todosth.eg.ltisverygoodofyoutoteachmeEnglish,v你教我英語(yǔ)真是太好了>18.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.v干某事化費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間〉=sb.spendsometimeonsth.<in>doingsth.eg.lttookmehalfanhourtodothework.=1spenthalfanhourindoingthework.I9.sb.pay錢(qián)for物某物化費(fèi)了某人多少^<=sb.spend錢(qián)on物=物costsb.錢(qián),pay的過(guò)去式為paid而不是payed.eg.Ipaidthirtyyuanforthecoat.=1spentthirtyyuanonthecoat.=Thecoatcostmethirtyyuan.2O.havebeento某人曾去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在人不在那兒sb.havebeenin+地點(diǎn)某人呆在某地v—段時(shí)間〉 havegoneto某人已去某地，人不在這兒⑴too…形容詞v副詞>+to…"太…而不能""太…以致于不"eg.①Thebasketistooheavyformetocarry.這籃子太重我拿不動(dòng). ②ThiscolourTVistooexpensiveforustobuy.這臺(tái)彩電對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)太貴了，買(mǎi)不起.⑵so...that如此…以致于…上面的too...to結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，可以換成so...that引導(dǎo)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換.①ThebasketissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.②ThiscolourTVissoexpensivethatwecan'taffordit.What'sthepopulationof...?...人口有多少？ 不說(shuō)Howmuchpopulationin...?形容人口數(shù)量的大用largeeg.ThepopulationofChinaistentimesaslargeasthatoftheUSA23.1'veetoreturnyourpan.<我跑來(lái)是還你鍋的〉 -*Whyhaveyoue?而不用Whatnot...untilv連詞〉方才，才eg.Hesaysthathewon'tbefreeuntiltomorrow,他說(shuō)他需到明天方才有空. 肯定句+until到eg.You'dbetterwaituntiltomorrow,最好等到明天〉neither...nor...既不…也不… either...or...或者…或者...eg.NeitherTomnorhisbrothersknowhowtospelltheword"hundred".Eitheryouorsheisright.<i胃語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就近原則〉both...and...兩者都...eg.BothJimandIareinGradeOne語(yǔ)看作復(fù)數(shù)〉練習(xí)題:1.-WhereisMary?-Oh,she thelibrory.A.hasgonetoB.wenttoC.hasbeentoD.hadgonetoHeknewlittleaboutthefilm hesawityesterdayevening.A.ifB.sinceC.untilD.because3.1 changehismind.Don'tworry,He'llsurelyetogetit.A.thinkhewon'tB.thinkhewillC.don'tthinkhewon'tD.don'tthinkhewill- doyou theTVplay?-Notbad,Ithink.A.How;thinkofB.What;likeC.How;likeD.What;think5.1 haveagoodlime theparty.A.hopeyouwill;atB.likeyou;onC.hopeyouto;inD.wantyouthat;from完成句子：中國(guó)有多少人口,中國(guó)的人口大約是世界人口的四分之一. thepopulationofChina?It'sabout oftheworld'spopulation.門(mén)鈴一直響著，直到門(mén)被林濤打開(kāi)才停.Thedoorbell untilthedoorwasopenedbyLinTao.午飯后他休息了一會(huì)兒,我也休息了一會(huì)兒.Hehadashortrestafterlunch,and I.史密斯夫婦離開(kāi)他們的家鄉(xiāng)己有十多年時(shí)間了. morethantenyears MrandMrsSmithlefttheirhometown.公共汽車(chē)?yán)飻D得幾乎連站的地方都沒(méi)有.Thebuswas crowdedthattherewashardly standingroominit.思考題：1、 做飯花了她半個(gè)小時(shí).It halfanhour somecooking.=1 halfanhour somecooking.2、 你真好，經(jīng)常在數(shù)學(xué)上幫助我.It'sreallynice youto me my 3、 Lily跑得不快,贏不了比賽.Lily runquickly therace.=Lily therace.4、 在美術(shù)課上做一張教師節(jié)卡片怎樣？ aTeachers'Daycard theartlesson? 5、 足球是我校最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目之一.Footballis gamesinourschool.Have的兩種特殊句型have是英語(yǔ)中最活躍的動(dòng)詞之一，它與不同的詞搭配表示不同的意思.如：haveameeting〔開(kāi)會(huì)），havearest〔休息），haveaclass（上課）等.你可知道have構(gòu)成的兩種特殊句型嗎？不看不知道,一看就明了.have+賓語(yǔ)+省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式該句型中作主語(yǔ)的”人或物”讓作賓語(yǔ)的”人或物”去做某事.此時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)與省略to的不定式（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系.如：Iwouldhaveyoubuyanewbike. 我想讓你買(mǎi)輛新自行車(chē).Wecan'thavethecarstop.我們無(wú)法讓汽車(chē)停下來(lái).have+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞該句型中作主語(yǔ)的，，人或物”讓作賓語(yǔ)的，，人或物，，被…….此時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.如： Iz11havemyhaircuttomorrow.我明天要理發(fā).Theyhavejusthadtheircarrepaired.他們剛找人把車(chē)修理了一下.注意：大多數(shù)情況下，這兩種句型之間可以互換.如：1）Hehadmewashthetablecloth.—Hehadthetableclothwashed.2>Themanhadthebikemended.-*Themanhadsomeonemendthebike.練習(xí)：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，完成英語(yǔ)句子，每空一詞.你應(yīng)該找人建一座房子.Youshouldhavesomeoneahouse. Youshouldhaveahouse . 現(xiàn)在我們請(qǐng)下一位演講者到前面來(lái).Nowwe'11havethenextspeakertothefront. 你必須讓人把這些書(shū)送到教室去.Youmusthavethesebooks totheclassroom情景交際英語(yǔ)〔一〕問(wèn)候：(DA:Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.Howdoyoudo?Nicetomeetyou. B:回答相同(2)A:Howareyou?B:Fine,thankyou.Andyou?Verywell,thankyou.介紹：(l)ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss...(2)I'dlikeyoutomeetmyparents.?)MynameisI'mastudent.告別A:Goodbye.Seeyoulater/tomorrow.Goodnight.B:回答相同4.感謝和應(yīng)答表示感謝通?；卮餞hankyouverymuch.Notatall.Thanksalot.That'sOK.Manythanks.That'sallright.Thanksforhelpingme.You'rewele.祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答A:Goodluck! Bestwishestoyou.Haveanice/goodtime/joumey.Congratulations!B:Thankyou.A:HappyNewYear!MerryChristmas!B:Thesametoyou.A:Happybirthdaytoyou.B:Thankyou.道歉和應(yīng)答A:I'msorry.Fmsorrytotroubleyou.B:Itdoesn'tmatter.It'snotimportant.That'snothing.遺憾和同情Whatapity!I'msorrytohearthat.邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答 A:Wouldyouliketo????B:Yes,I'dloveto.提供幫助和應(yīng)答A:CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?Here,takethis/mybike.Letmedoitfbryou.B:Thanksforyourhelp.Yes,please.No,thanks.That'sverykindofyou.請(qǐng)求允許⑴A:MayI...?CanI/CouldI...?B:Yes/Certainly/Ofcourse.Yes,doplease.OK/A11right.(2)A:DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?B:No,notatall.或Nevermind.表示同意和不同意<1>:Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.Yes,please.Yes,1thinkso.Allright/OK.

That'sagoodidea.Iagreewithyou.<2>:No,Idon'tthinkso.I'mafraidnot.Ireallycan'tagreewithyou.表示肯定和不肯定 1:I'msure.I'msurethat...2:I'mnotsure.I'mnotsurewhether/if...Maybe.喜歡和厭惡1:1like/love...vverymuch>Ilike/loveto... 2:1don'tliketo...Ihateto...問(wèn)時(shí)間、日期的應(yīng)答A:Whatdayisit?B:It*sMonday.A:What'sthedate?B:It'sJan.10th.A:What'sthetime.please?fiveo'clock/halfpastfive...It'stimeto...請(qǐng)求<1>:Can/couldyou...forme?Will/wouldyoupleasedosth.?MayIhave...?<2>:Pleasegive/passme...Pleasewait<here/amoment>.Pleasewaitforyourturn.Pleasestandinline.<3>:Nosmoking,please.Nonoise,please.16.勸告和建議16.勸告和建議2:Shallwedosth.?Let'sdosth..What/Howaboutdoingsth.?回答:OK.2:Shallwedosth.?Let'sdosth..Goodidea.17.禁止和警告l:Youmustn'tplayontheroad.17.禁止和警告l:Youmustn'tplayontheroad.Ifyou...you'll...2:Takecare.=Becareful.18.表示感情A:喜悅GreatJThat'snice.What'sthematterwithyou?I'm/He's/She'sI'mglad/pleased/happy焦慮What'swrong?What'sthematterwithyou?I'm/He's/She'sworried.Oh,whatshallIdo?C:驚奇Really?Oh,dear!Isthatso?約會(huì)A:Areyoufreethisafternoon?What/Howabouttomorrowmorning?Shallwemeetat4:30attheschoolgate?B:Yes,that'sallright.Yes,I'llbefreethen.Allright.Seeyouthen.語(yǔ)言困難Pardon?Pleasesaythatmoreslowlyagain.Whatdoyoumeanby...?I'msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.表示稱(chēng)贊：A:Oh,hownice!Yourdressisbeautiful.B:It'sniceofyoutosayso.或Thankyou.常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志和說(shuō)明BUSINESSHOURSNOPHOTOSOFHCEHOURSTHISSIDEUPOPENCLOSEDPULLPUSHEXITENTRANCE營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間禁止拍照辦公時(shí)間這邊向上開(kāi)關(guān)1.-Wouldyouliketogotothezoowithus? .A.Yes,please.B.That'strue.C.Yes,I'dloveto.D.Quitewell.-I'vedonequitewellintheexamthisterm. - .A.Idon'tknow.B.Congratulations.C.SodoI.D.Goon,please.3.Ifyourfriendtellsyouthatheisill,youmaysay"_ "A.Excuseme.B.I'msorrytohearthat.C.Itdoesn'tmatter.D.Idon'tthinkso.-Haveagoodjourney,Alice.A.A11rightB.Thanksalot.C.VerygoodD.MuchbetterThesign"THISSIDEUP”isoftenseen .A.onaboxB.inthestreetC.inacinemaD.inapark思考題：-Thankyouforyourhelp.- A.A11right.B.That'sallright.C.That'sright.D.It'sverykindofyou.-DoyoumindifIclosethewindow?- A.No,Imind.B.Yes,Idon'tmind.C.No,notatall. D.Yes,I'mafraidnot.-Helpyourselftosomeapples.- A.Idon'tlikeit. B.Sorry,Ican'thelpit.C.Nevermind.D.Thankyouverymuch.-Tomwilltakecareofourcatwhilewe'reaway.- A.Fine,thankyou. B.I'lldoitmyself.C.That'sverykindofhim.D.Itdoesn'tmatter.-YouspeakEnglishquitewell.- A.Idon'tthinkso. B.Youdon'tsayso.C.No,Idon'tspeakwell. D.Thankyou. 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)的綜合運(yùn)用確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定時(shí)態(tài).時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)與時(shí)態(tài)有著密切的關(guān)系.a.I <write>now.b.I <lose>mypenyesterday.c.We <study>Englishfortwoyears.根據(jù)上下文來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)有些句子沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，又不能用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)則來(lái)對(duì)照,這時(shí)就可以根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容來(lái)判斷時(shí)間關(guān)系，確定正確時(shí)態(tài).A.Wherearethetwins?B.They <go>tovisitUncleWang.根據(jù)主從句的關(guān)系來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài).4.根據(jù)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣來(lái)確定時(shí)態(tài)*1 e,go,leave等趨向性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.*2.永恒的頁(yè).理和客觀存在的狀態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).*3.祈使句中,或在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形Don't <read>inthesun,willyou?You'dbetter <stay>athomesinceit'srainingoutside.注意所填動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)Todaybothbasketballandvolleyball <play>inmanycountries.確定動(dòng)詞的形式bebusy,whatabout等后用動(dòng)詞的?ing形式.2.在介詞后一般應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的?ing形式.在keep,enjoy,finish,mind等動(dòng)詞后采用動(dòng)詞的--ing形式.在動(dòng)詞decide,hope,wish,hate等動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，而在ask,tell,want,teach之后則用動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即”asksb.todosth.啲形式在see,heanwatch,make,let等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式應(yīng)省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)"to",但在被動(dòng)句中，應(yīng)添上”to”.在It'stime<forsb.>todosth.It'skind/nice/goodofsb.todosth.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.的句型中，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作句子真正的主語(yǔ).疑問(wèn)代詞/副詞<why除外>+lodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)，可在句中作主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).練習(xí)題：TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom <blow>(heearthaway.MrSmithkepton <ask>theplayerstoremember TEAMWORKAlicedidn'thearwhattheteachersaidjustnow,soshedoesn'tknowhow <do>theproblem.Thepolicemanaskedtheoldgrannytoputdownherheavyboxandlethim <carry>itfbrher.用help,happen,listen,have,ask,be,plant,miss,leave,look的適當(dāng)形式填空：<!>.WangHaiisagoodrade.Healwaysdoeshisbest others.<2>.Digtheholebigenough,orthetreescan't well.<3>.It'stimeforclass.Let'sslop totheteacher.<4>.Herfaceturnedredwhenshe tosingasongforallofus.<5>.SheisolderthanMarybut muchyounger.<6>.—Ican'tfindmykeys.—Maybeyou themathome.<7>.Wewaitedinthenextroomwhilethey ameeting.<8>.Hurryup.You thetrainifyoudon't.思考題：用send,show,tum,cost,write,fly,get,stop,see,do,hear,go的適當(dāng)形式填空 you eachothersinceyouleftschooltenyearsago?What they at8:00yesterdayevening.TheSmithsaregettingready toAustraliafortheirholdiay.Thebeautifuljacket toomuch,doesn'tit?LucyandLilywereplayingcardswhenthey aloudknockatthedoor.Theradiosaystherain lateron.Theboy tohospitalassoonasthetrafficaccidenthappened.Todayfilms inEnglisheverywhereintheworld.9.1t'ssummernow.Thedays longerandthenightsshorter.lO.Mother toShanghaiandshe'llbebackinaweekorso.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)〔上〕A：—般現(xiàn)在時(shí)棗通常表示目前階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).結(jié)構(gòu)：1)be動(dòng)詞的第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)為，第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)為,其他人稱(chēng)為.有一順口溜體現(xiàn)了它的用法：我是am你是are,is跟著他她它，復(fù)數(shù)都用are

肯定式:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+其他 否定式:主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+其他疑問(wèn)式:Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+其他?簡(jiǎn)略回答:V肯〉Yes主語(yǔ)+am/is/are＜否＞No,主語(yǔ)+am/is/arenot縮寫(xiě)形式:I'm==IamThat's==ThatisWe're==WeareWhat,s==WhatisYou're==YouareWho's==WhoisThey're=TheyareWhere's==WhereisHe's==Heisisn't==isnotShe's==Sheisaren't==arenotit's==Itis2）行為動(dòng)詞除主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)外，都用動(dòng)詞原形，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s或-es 肯定式:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，否定式:主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞don't/doesn^t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)式:Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他簡(jiǎn)略回答:v+動(dòng)詞原形+其他疑問(wèn)式:Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他簡(jiǎn)略回答:v肯＞Yes主語(yǔ)+do/doesv否〉No,主語(yǔ)+do/doesnot縮寫(xiě)形式：dont==donotdoesn't==doesnot注意：have的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)為hasoften,usually,always,sometimes,等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，eg.Hehasa用法：1often,usually,always,sometimes,等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，eg.Hehasatoday,everyday,onceaweek,everyfiveminutes,onSundaysbrother. 2.表示普遍真理.eg.Theearthgoesroundthesun.表示在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作.eg.Hereesthetrain.在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中代表一般將來(lái)時(shí).eg.rilgowithyouifyouarefreetomorrow.B:一般過(guò)去時(shí)棗表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示.結(jié)構(gòu)：1.動(dòng)詞的第一、三有稱(chēng)單數(shù)用，其他人稱(chēng)用，其肯定式,否定式，疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)略回答形式與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)相似. 2.行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是在動(dòng)詞后加或，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞參照不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表，需要專(zhuān)門(mén)記憶.肯定式:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他eg.Igot叩atsixthismorning.否定式:主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg.Johndidn'tliveherelastyear.疑問(wèn)式:Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg.Didyouseehimamomentago?簡(jiǎn)略回答.v肯〉Yes,主語(yǔ)+did v否〉No,主語(yǔ)+didn't.用法：1.主要用于過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).eg.Myfatherwasat