河北省邢臺市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語測試試題【含答案】

第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁河北省邢臺市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語測試試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）YosemiteNationalParkYosemiteNationalParkislocatedinCalifornia,USA．ItissurroundedbySierraNationalForesttothesoutheastandStanislausNationalForesttothenorthwest.TheNationalParkServicemanagesthispark,whichcovers759,620acresinfourcounties:Tuolumne,Mariposa,Mono,andMadera.In1984,itwasrecognizedasaWorldHeritageSitebecauseofitsgranitecliffs(花崗巖峭壁),waterfalls,clearstreams,thickforest,lakes,mountains,andbio-diversity.About95percentoftheparkiswildanduntouched,makingitoneofthelargestnaturalhabitatsintheSierraNevada.GeographyThepark’slandscapeismostlymadeofgraniteandolderrocks.Around10millionyearsago,theSierraNevadamountainsroseandtilted,whichincreasedthesteepnessofstreamandriverbeds,formingdeep,narrowcanyons.Onemillionyearsago,glaciers(冰川)formedinhigherareasandmoveddown,carvingtheU-shapedYosemiteValley.HistoryEuropeanAmericansettlersfirstenteredthevalleyin1851.Othertravelersenteredearlier,butJamesD．SavageiscreditedwithdiscoveringtheareathatbecameYosemiteNationalPark.NativeAmericanshadlivedintheareafornearly4,000years,althoughhumansmayhavefirstvisitedaslongas8,000to10,000yearsago.Yosemiteplayedanimportantroleintheideaofnationalparks.GalenClarkandothersworkedhardtoprotectYosemiteValley,leadingtoPresidentAbrahamLincolnsigningtheYosemiteGrantin1864,whichpreservedtheland.In1890,JohnMuirledasuccessfulmovement,helpingtoestablishYosemiteValleyanditssurroundingareasasaNationalPark.Yosemitedrawsaboutfourmillionvisitorseachyear.Mostvisitorsspendthemajorityoftheirtimeinthevalley’ssevensquaremiles.1．WhatmakesYosemiteNationalParklistedasaWorldHeritageSite?A．Itsexplorationhistory. B．Itsextremelylargearea.C．Itsconvenientlocation. D．Itsrichnaturalresources.2．WhatisthepercentageofYosemiteNationalParkremainingawilderness?A．About50%. B．About75%.C．About85%. D．About95%.3．WhodiscoveredYosemiteValleyaccordingtothetext?A．JohnMuir. B．GalenClark.C．JamesD．Savage. D．AbrahamLincoln.WestsideFarmersMarkethelditsannual(每年的)CollegeNightonTuesday,Sept.3toengagestudentswiththesummermarket.Thiseventallowedcollegestudentstoexplorelocalfarmingandsmallbusinesses.Manystudentswereexcitedtoattend.SeniorAlexSaunderssaid,“Iwantedtocomeanyway,butwhenIsawitwasCollegeNight,IknewIhadtobethere.”TheWestsideFarmersMarkethasrunonTuesdaysfromJunetoOctoberfor17years,featuringmanyspecialevents,whichrangefromCollegeNighttoanapplepumpkinfestival.“Beyondtheuniqueproductstheysell,thevendors(攤販)haveincredibleskillsandlovetoshareandteach,”saidWestsideMarketManagerJessicaDiSalvo.Themarketalsopresentsacheapopportunitytogetfreshfood,especiallyforcollegestudents.“It’scheaperthangoingtoagrocerystoreformostofitforalotbetterquality,”Saunderssaid.ThemarketcontinuesuntilOctober8.EvenifyoumissCollegeNight,therearemoreeventscomingup,likeCraftNightnextTuesday.“OurfirstCraftNightonAugust6wasreallygreat.AcoupleofvendorswereevenUniversityofRochesterstudents,”DiSalvosaid.Forthoseinterestedincommunityservice,theWestsideFarmersMarketoffersmanyvolunteeropportunities.“Weneedsupportinvariousroles,whichcanmeetyourneeds,”DiSalvoexplained.YoucanvisitthewebsiteandfilloutanapplicationorcallDiSalvodirectly.DiSalvofeltCollegeNightwasasuccessbutmentionedideasforimprovement.“Afestiveatmospherewithgameswouldbefun,”shesaid.Themarketwaslivelyallafternoon.DiSalvowasthankfulforeveryonewhovisited.“I’mnotsurehowtheyfoundout,butI’mgladtheycame.Ilookforwardtoseeingthemagain,”shesaid.4．WhatisthemainpurposeofCollegeNight?A．Tocelebratetheendofhotsummer.B．Toshowstudentshowtorunabusiness.C．Toinvolvecollegestudentsinlocalfarming.D．Toprovidewell-paidjobsforcollegestudents.5．WhatdidSaunderssayaboutthefoodattheWestsideFarmersMarket?A．Itisrichinvarieties. B．Itisfreeforstudents.C．Itissoldatgoodprices. D．Itshouldbeimprovedforbetterquality.6．HowcanyougetvolunteeropportunitiesofferedbytheWestsideFarmersMarket?A．Byapplyingonline. B．Bymailingaself-introductionform.C．Bysigningupearly. D．BywritingtoDiSalvo.7．WhatcanweknowaboutCollegeNight?A．Itwasputoff. B．Itwaswellreceived.C．Itwasfirstheldthisyear. D．Itwasperfectforall.Despitethehopesofbothastronomersandsciencefictionfansalike,Venusmayneverhavebeenhabitabletolife.ThisistheconclusionofanewstudyoutoftheUniversityofCambridge,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalNatureAstronomy.Today,Venusisanextremelyhotplanet,withsurfacetemperaturesaround867°F,athickatmospheremademostlyofcarbondioxide(CO2),andasurfacepressure92timesthatofEarth.Yettheplanethasbeenlongtheorizedtohavebeenhabitablemanymillionsofyearsago,withoceansofliquidwater.Theresearchers,however,foundthatVenus’satmosphereistoodrytohavesupportedoceans.Theplanet’satmospherelacksenoughwater,whichwouldhaveevaporated(蒸發(fā))astheplanetwarmedovertime.TherearetwomaintheoriesaboutVenus’shistory:Eithertheplanethasalwaysbeenashotasitistoday,sowaterneverexistedinliquidform,orVenusgraduallybecamehotterduetothegreenhouseeffect,causinganywatertoevaporate.TheCambridgeteamtookadifferentapproachbystudyingVenus’scurrentatmosphericchemistry.Theycalculated(計算)theratesatwhichwaterandothergasesaredestroyedinVenus’satmosphere.UnlikeEarth’svolcanoes,whichreleasemostlywatervapor,Venus’svolcanoesreleaseonlyabout6%water.ThissuggeststhatVenus’svolcanicmagmacontainsverylittlewater.Thestudyalsohighlightedthat,unlikeEarthandMars,Venusshowsnosignsoferosion(侵蝕)causedbyliquidwater.Sinceliquidwaterisnecessaryforlifeasweknowit,thelackofsuchevidencemakesitunlikelythatVenuseversupportedEarth-likelife.WhilewemaynotknowforcertainifVenuseversupportedlife,thestudysuggeststhatitlikelyneverhadoceans.Thisdiscoveryaffectsthesearchforlifeonotherplanets,especiallythosesimilartoVenus.NASA’sDAVINCImission,expectedtoreachVenuslaterthisdecade,mayprovidefurtheranswers.UnderstandingVenus’shistorycanhelpguidethesearchforlifebeyondEarth.8．WhatisamisunderstandingaboutVenusfromparagraph2?A．Itispackedwithawiderangeofwildlife.B．Itishabitablewithoceansofliquidwater.C．Itbecomeshotterduetothegreenhouseeffect.D．IthasathinneratmospherethanthatofEarth.9．HowdidtheCambridgeteamconductthestudy?A．Byreferringtopreviouslypublishedarticles.B．ByanalyzingVenus’satmosphericchemistry.C．BycreatinganenvironmentsimilartoVenus’s.D．BycooperatingwiththescientistsfromNASA．10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoNASA’sDAVINCImission?A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful. C．Concerned. D．Favourable.11．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．OceansonVenusMayNeverHaveExistedB．ItWouldbePossibletoMakeVenusLivableC．Astronomers’DreamWillbeRealizedSoonD．ResearchProvedaClassicTheoryisCorrectLastweek,abadeventstrucktheBandhavgarhTigerReserve,anationalparkinthehillsofcentralIndia.Fourwildelephantswerefounddead,andsixothersfromthesamegroupwereverysick.Despiteeffortstotreatthem,allsixelephantsdiedwithintwodays.Forestofficialsandresearchersalikewereinconfusionandwonderedwhatbroughtdownthesestronganimals.Theyfocusedonafungus(真菌)thatinfectskodomillet,atypeofgrainthatelephantseatintheregion.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatanimalsorpeoplehavebecomeillafterconsumingkodomillet.Inhumaninfectioncases,treatmentwithstomachwashinghelpedpeoplerecover,butanimalslikedogsandelephantsdidnotsurviveaftereatingthemillet.In1985,acaseofkodomilletpoisoninginhumansledresearcherstoinvestigate.Theyfoundthatthemilletwasinfectedbytwotypesoffungiwhichproduceatoxin(毒素)calledcyclopiazonicacid(CPA).Laterstudiesshowedthatothertypesoffungicanalsoproducethistoxin.BackinBandhavgarhTigerReserve,researchersbelievethatthesefungicausedtherecentdeathsoftheelephants.Testsontheelephants’bodiesfoundhighlevelsofCPAintheirstomachs.MycologistKaustuvSanyalexplainedthatfungireleasespores(孢子)thatspreadthroughtheair.Thesesporesfavourwetconditions,whichiswhyfungalgrowthincreasesafterrain.TheregionaroundtheBandhavgarhTigerReservehasheavyrainsandalongrainyseason,creatingaconduciveenvironmentforthefungustogrowonthemillet.Despitetheseriouseffectsofthetoxinonanimalsandhumans,thefungidonotharmtheplants.Researchersarestillstudyinghowthefungiaffectplants.AlthoughtherearethehighlevelsofCPAintheelephants’bodies,theexactcausehasnotbeenconfirmed.Forestofficialsplantosendmilletsamples(樣品)fromtheareatoexpertsforfurthertesting.Thiscouldhelpdetermineifthefungiwereresponsibleforthedeathsoftheelephants.12．HowdidforestofficialsfeelabouttheeventintheBandhavgarhTigerReserve?A．Calm. B．Impatient.C．Disappointed. D．Puzzled.13．Whydoestheauthormentionthecasein1985?A．Toshowthepoisonofthementionedfungi.B．Toexplainacureforcancer.C．Todisplaythefungusvarieties.D．TopraisesomescientistsinIndia.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conducive”inparagraph5mean?A．Dangerous. B．Helpful. C．Changeable. D．Difficult.15．Whatdotheforestofficialsintendtodointhenextstage?A．Cutthenumberofvisitorstotheregion.B．Encouragefarmerstogrowkodomillet.C．Findouttherealanswerstothedeadelephants.D．Announcethathuntingisillegalinthepark.Sinceretiringfromfootball,Tomhasreflectedonhisimpactontheteamsheplayedfor.Althoughmostofhisexperiencescomefromsports,webelievetheseactionscanbeappliedtovariousorganizations.16.Thefirstlessoninleadershipistoprioritize(優(yōu)先處理)theteam,evenduringpersonalchallenges.Whencompetingforaposition,Tomlostfairandsquaretoanotherplayer,whomhesupportedinpractice.Despitehisdisappointment,hecontributedtotheteam’ssuccess.Showappreciationforunsungheroes.17.Forexample,Swift,afullback(后衛(wèi)),workedhardtoblockdefensesbuthardlyreceivedpraise.TomlearnedtorecognizeSwift’scontributions,whichgavehimaboostinmorale(士氣).ThismadeTomunderstandthateveryoneneededtofeelvalued.Setthestandardandcreateacultureof100%effort.Tomwaspartofahardworkinggroupduringhisearlyseasons.18.Bypushingeachothertogobeyondbasicexpectations,theydevelopedacultureofcommitmentthatbenefitedeveryone.Communicatehonestly.Anotherleadershipruleisbeingopenaboutexpectations.Tommadeitapointtocommunicatehisstandardshonestly,allowingteammatestounderstandwheretheycouldimprovewithoutfeelingattacked.19.Recognizeindividualmotivations.20.Somearemotivatedbycontracts(合同),orbytheirimageinthemedia.Greatleadersunderstandthesedifferentdriversandmotivateeffectively.Adaptingcommunicationstylestosuitindividualplayersleadstobetterperformance.A．AlwaysputtheteamfirstB．EveryplayerhasuniquedriversC．PrepareyourselfforpersonalchallengesD．ThesecrettoyoursuccessislearningfromfailuresE．Insports,someplayersdonotgettherecognitiontheydeserveF．ThishonestbehaviorhelpsplayersgrowandstrengthensteambondsG．Theteamhelditselfaccountableforeffort,workingforexcellencetogether二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Ilovedjumpinginrainpuddles(水坑)asakid.Mymother’s21,“Walkbetweentheraindrops”,usedtodelightme.However,asanadolescent,itstartedtomakemeimpatient.Whenhearingmy22of“That’simpossible”,shegentlytouchedmyhand,tellingmeitwas23onlyifIhadfaith.Icountered(反駁)withmybeliefinumbrellas.Shethensaidnomatterhowhardit24,youcouldbreathe.I25,sayingthatI’dstillgetwet.Shesaidrainwasunavoidablebutabreathcould26.Astimewentby,mother’swords27withme.Inthefollowingdecades,I’ve28manyrainstorms.I’vecometoappreciatethesignificanceofstopping,andthenItakeabreathandgetmystrength.Beforestandingbesidemyfather’sbedforthelasttime,Itookadeepbreath,29,“Iloveyou.I’lltakecareofMom.”Idrewonthememoriesandfoundthe30togiveafinalspeechinhishonor.Itookabreathandhuggedmydaughtertightlywhenthedoctorinformedheraboutthe31ofherbabyscan:Therearerisksforthebaby.Weheldeachotherup,andthen32apprehended(領(lǐng)會)theforceofbelievingandopenedourheartstothenewlifethatwouldarrivefourmonthslater.Whenmydoctorsaid,“Yourcancerisgettingworse,”Itookabreath,33,“Whatdowedonext?”Tenyearslater,Ibreatheinstrengtheachdayandrememberthatrain34.Mymother’sbelief,“Walkbetweentheraindrops,”35againandagain.Sheisright.It’spossibletowalkbetweenraindrops.21．A．warning B．dream C．belief D．complaint22．A．response B．secret C．decision D．impression23．A．unsuccessful B．a(chǎn)chievable C．typical D．traditional24．A．blew B．blocked C．snowed D．rained25．A．objected B．promised C．failed D．understood26．A．makeamess B．makeamistake C．makeamove D．makeadifference27．A．compared B．traveled C．competed D．a(chǎn)rgued28．A．missed B．described C．weathered D．a(chǎn)voided29．A．voicing B．screaming C．a(chǎn)pproving D．lying30．A．wisdom B．courage C．a(chǎn)dvice D．excuse31．A．procedure B．reward C．identity D．outcome32．A．partly B．safely C．gradually D．rarely33．A．inquiring B．guessing C．expecting D．a(chǎn)ssuming34．A．stops B．pours C．waits D．strengthens35．A．booms B．rings C．changes D．disappears三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CarpetsareanimportantpartoflifeinXinjiang,aregionwithacarpet-weaving(織)traditionthatdatesbackover2,000years.Thesehandmadewoolcarpetsaremorethandecorations;theycarryculturalsignificanceand36(vivid)sharestoriesthroughtheirdelicatepatternsanddesigns.InXinjiang,carpetsaremorethanhousehold37(item),andtheypreservememoriesandbringpeopletogether.Familiesoftengatheroncarpetstoenjoymealsandchats.Cleaningcarpetscanbecome38sharedactivity,withchildrenhelpingtoremovedustandcreatingcherishedmemories.Artists39(transform)traditionalXinjiangcarpetswithinnovativedesignsinthelastfewyears.AprojectinHotan,aregionknown40itsskilledcarpetweavers,bringstogethermodernartistsandtraditionalcraftsmanship.Theseteameffortsaim41(update)theimageofHotancarpets,makingthemmodernandartisticwhilepreservingtheirheritage.Theprocessstartswithartistscreatingdrawings,42arethenwovenintocarpetsbylocalweavers.Somedesigns43(display)notonlymaintaintraditionalelementsbutaddnewelementstocreateafreshstory.Theprojecthighlightsthededicationoftheweavers,whosecarefulworkbringseachdesigntolife.Thesecarpetscombinethe44(creative)ofmodernartwiththelong-standingskillsofXinjiang’sweavers,45(show)thebeautyandvarietyofthisancientcraft.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你是李華，你校上周舉行了“文明騎行”的簽名活動。請你寫一篇短文給校英文報投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動的時間和地點；2.活動的內(nèi)容；3.活動的影響。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。參考詞匯：banner條幅

civilized文明的“CivilizedCycling”SignatureCampaign____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasveryyoung,myparentsandImovedfromChinatotheUnitedStatesbecausemyfatherwasappointedasmanageroftheAmericanbranch.Atfirst,everythingseemedstrangeandoverwhelming.Thelanguagebarrierwasthetoughestpart,butslowly,IadaptedtomynewsurroundingsandbecamefluentinEnglish.Schoolbecameeasier,friendsweremade,andlifeinAmericastartedtofeellikebeingathome.However,myparentshaddifferentideas.TheyinsistedthatwespeakChineseathome.TheyevenwentasfarastoteachmeChinesecharactersandmakemereadclassicChineseliterature.Irememberspendinglonghourseveryweekendpracticingwritingcharacters,myhandcramping(抽筋)fromtheeffort.Myparentswouldquizmeonmyvocabulary,andI’dhavetorecitepoemsandpassagesfromancienttexts.Atthetime,Icouldn’tunderstandwhytheyweresodeterminedaboutit.Ioftenresisted,frustratedbythedifficultyandwonderingwhyIhadtoholdontosomethingthatseemedirrelevanttomylifeintheUS.Myfatherwouldpatientlyexplain,“Althoughwe’relivingintheUS,wemustn’tforgetourroots.Ourlanguageisapartofwhoweare.”Despitehisexplanations,myteenagemindwastoostubborntoappreciatehiswisdom.Hewouldsitwithme,showingmethestrokes(筆畫)ofeachcharacter,explainingtheirmeanings,andsharingstoriesaboutourancestors.Hisvoicewascalmandencouraging,evenwhenIgrewimpatientandwantedtogiveup.“Thesecharacterscarryourhistory,”hewouldsay.“Theytellthestoryofwherewecomefrom.”AsIgrewolder,myperspectivestartedtoshift.ThemoreIlearnedaboutmyheritageandourfamily’shistory,themoreIbegantovaluetheeffortsmyparentshadmadetokeepourculturealive.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AtripbacktoChinawasaturningpointforme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________BackintheUS,IwasdeterminedtopromotetheChineselanguage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．D2．D3．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了約塞米蒂國家公園的基本概況、地質(zhì)信息及歷史發(fā)展?！窘馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“In1984,itwasrecognizedasaWorldHeritageSitebecauseofitsgranitecliffs(花崗巖峭壁),waterfalls,clearstreams,thickforest,lakes,mountains,andbio-diversity.(1984年，它因其花崗巖峭壁、瀑布、清澈的溪流、茂密的森林、湖泊、山脈和生物多樣性而被認(rèn)定為世界遺產(chǎn))”可知，約塞米蒂國家公園被列為世界遺產(chǎn)地是因為其豐富的自然資源。故選D項。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“About95percentoftheparkiswildanduntouched,makingitoneofthelargestnaturalhabitatsintheSierraNevada.(大約95%的公園是野生的，未被開發(fā)過，使其成為內(nèi)華達(dá)山脈最大的自然棲息地之一)”可知，約塞米蒂國家公園約95%的區(qū)域仍然是荒野。故選D項。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)History部分第一段中“Othertravelersenteredearlier,butJamesD.SavageiscreditedwithdiscoveringtheareathatbecameYosemiteNationalPark.(其他旅行者進(jìn)入得更早，但JamesD.Savage被認(rèn)為是發(fā)現(xiàn)約塞米蒂國家公園的人)”可知，JamesD.Savage是發(fā)現(xiàn)約塞米蒂山谷的人。故選C項?！敬鸢浮?．C5．C6．A7．B【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了WestsideFarmersMarket(西區(qū)農(nóng)貿(mào)市場)舉辦的年度大學(xué)之夜活動，以及該市場的相關(guān)信息?！窘馕觥?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WestsideFarmersMarkethelditsannual(每年的)CollegeNightonTuesday,Sept.3toengagestudentswiththesummermarket.Thiseventallowedcollegestudentstoexplorelocalfarmingandsmallbusinesses.(西區(qū)農(nóng)貿(mào)市場于9月3日星期二舉辦了年度大學(xué)之夜活動，旨在讓學(xué)生參與夏季市場。這個活動讓大學(xué)生能夠探索當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)和小型企業(yè))”可知，大學(xué)之夜的主要目的是讓大學(xué)生參與當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)。故選C項。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Saunders的話“It’scheaperthangoingtoagrocerystoreformostofitforalotbetterquality(這比去雜貨店買大部分東西都要便宜，而且質(zhì)量也要好得多)”可知，Saunders說西區(qū)農(nóng)貿(mào)市場的食物價格合理，質(zhì)量好。故選C項。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“YoucanvisitthewebsiteandfilloutanapplicationorcallDiSalvodirectly.(你可以訪問網(wǎng)站并填寫申請表，或者直接打電話給DiSalvo)”可知，可以通過在線申請獲得西區(qū)農(nóng)貿(mào)市場提供的志愿者機會。故選A項。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“DiSalvofeltCollegeNightwasasuccessbutmentionedideasforimprovement.(DiSalvo覺得大學(xué)之夜很成功，但提到了改進(jìn)的想法)”以及“Themarketwaslivelyallafternoon.DiSalvowasthankfulforeveryonewhovisited.(整個下午市場都很熱鬧。DiSalvo對每一位來訪者都表示感謝)”可推知，大學(xué)之夜活動受到了大家的歡迎。故選B項?！敬鸢浮?．B9．B10．D11．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項劍橋大學(xué)的新研究，該研究認(rèn)為金星可能從未適合生命存在，因為其大氣層過于干燥，無法支持海洋的存在，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)影響了在其他星球上尋找生命的探索。【解析】8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Today,Venusisanextremelyhotplanet,withsurfacetemperaturesaround867°F,athickatmospheremademostlyofcarbondioxide(CO2),andasurfacepressure92timesthatofEarth.Yettheplanethasbeenlongtheorizedtohavebeenhabitablemanymillionsofyearsago,withoceansofliquidwater.(今天，金星是一顆極其炎熱的行星，表面溫度約為867華氏度，厚厚的大氣層主要由二氧化碳組成，表面壓力是地球的92倍。然而，長期以來，人們一直認(rèn)為這顆行星在數(shù)百萬年前是宜居的，有液態(tài)水的海洋)”可知，第二段中提到的關(guān)于金星的誤解是“它適合居住，有液態(tài)水的海洋”。故選B項。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheCambridgeteamtookadifferentapproachbystudyingVenus’scurrentatmosphericchemistry.(劍橋大學(xué)的研究團隊采取了不同的方法，他們研究了金星當(dāng)前的大氣化學(xué))”可知，劍橋大學(xué)團隊是通過分析金星的大氣化學(xué)來進(jìn)行研究的。故選B項。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“NASA’sDAVINCImission,expectedtoreachVenuslaterthisdecade,mayprovidefurtheranswers.UnderstandingVenus’shistorycanhelpguidethesearchforlifebeyondEarth.(美國宇航局的DAVINCI任務(wù)預(yù)計將在本世紀(jì)晚些時候到達(dá)金星，可能會提供進(jìn)一步的答案。了解金星的歷史有助于指導(dǎo)我們在地球之外尋找生命)”可知，作者認(rèn)為NASA的DAVINCI任務(wù)可能會提供進(jìn)一步的答案，對尋找地球之外的生命有幫助，由此可推知，作者對NASA的DAVINCI任務(wù)持支持態(tài)度。故選D項。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Despitethehopesofbothastronomersandsciencefictionfansalike,Venusmayneverhavebeenhabitabletolife.ThisistheconclusionofanewstudyoutoftheUniversityofCambridge,whichhasbeenpublishedinthejournalNatureAstronomy.(盡管天文學(xué)家和科幻迷都抱有同樣的希望，但金星可能永遠(yuǎn)都不適合生命居住。這是劍橋大學(xué)發(fā)表在《自然天文學(xué)》雜志上的一項新研究得出的結(jié)論)”、第三段中“Theresearchers,however,foundthatVenus’satmosphereistoodrytohavesupportedoceans.(然而，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，金星的大氣過于干燥，無法支持海洋的存在)”和倒數(shù)第二段中“WhilewemaynotknowforcertainifVenuseversupportedlife,thestudysuggeststhatitlikelyneverhadoceans.(雖然我們可能無法確定金星是否曾經(jīng)支持過生命，但這項研究表明，金星上可能從未有過海洋)”可知，本文主要介紹了一項劍橋大學(xué)的新研究，該研究認(rèn)為金星可能從未適合生命存在，因為其大氣層過于干燥，無法支持海洋的存在，文章整體都在說明金星可能從未有過海洋。故A項“OceansonVenusMayNeverHaveExisted(金星上可能從未存在過海洋)”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選A項。【答案】12．D13．A14．B15．C【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了印度班達(dá)迦老虎保護(hù)區(qū)因大象食用受真菌感染的珍珠粟而死亡的事件，研究人員懷疑真菌產(chǎn)生的毒素是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，并計劃進(jìn)一步檢測粟的樣本以確認(rèn)原因。【解析】12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Forestofficialsandresearchersalikewereinconfusionandwonderedwhatbroughtdownthesestronganimals.(森林官員和研究人員都很困惑，想知道是什么讓這些強壯的動物倒下)”可知，森林官員對保護(hù)區(qū)發(fā)生的這一事件感到困惑。故選D項。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“In1985,acaseofkodomilletpoisoninginhumansledresearcherstoinvestigate.Theyfoundthatthemilletwasinfectedbytwotypesoffungiwhichproduceatoxin(毒素)calledcyclopiazonicacid(CPA).Laterstudiesshowedthatothertypesoffungicanalsoproducethistoxin.(1985年，一宗人類珍珠粟中毒的案例引發(fā)了研究人員的調(diào)查。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)粟被兩種真菌感染，這兩種真菌會產(chǎn)生一種叫作環(huán)哌唑酸(CPA)的毒素。后來的研究表明，其他種類的真菌也能產(chǎn)生這種毒素)”可知，這里提到1985年人類食用受感染的珍珠粟中毒事件，之后說明研究發(fā)現(xiàn)粟被能產(chǎn)生毒素的真菌感染。由此推知，作者的目的是通過這個案例展示文中所提到真菌的毒性。故選A項。14．詞句猜測題。畫線詞的上文“MycologistKaustuvSanyalexplainedthatfungireleasespores(孢子)thatspreadthroughtheair.Thesesporesfavourwetconditions,whichiswhyfungalgrowthincreasesafterrain.TheregionaroundtheBandhavgarhTigerReservehasheavyrainsandalongrainyseason(真菌學(xué)家KaustuvSanyal解釋說，真菌釋放孢子，通過空氣傳播。這些孢子喜歡潮濕的環(huán)境，這就是為什么真菌在雨后生長加快的原因。班達(dá)迦老虎保護(hù)區(qū)周圍地區(qū)有暴雨和漫長的雨季)”提到真菌的孢子喜歡潮濕環(huán)境，雨后真菌生長增加，而該保護(hù)區(qū)周圍降雨量大、雨季長，這對于真菌的生長應(yīng)該是“有利的”環(huán)境，畫線詞意思應(yīng)該是“有幫助的，有益的”，與Helpful意思接近。故選B項。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“AlthoughtherearethehighlevelsofCPAintheelephants’bodies,theexactcausehasnotbeenconfirmed.Forestofficialsplantosendmilletsamples(樣品)fromtheareatoexpertsforfurthertesting.Thiscouldhelpdetermineifthefungiwereresponsibleforthedeathsoftheelephants.(盡管大象體內(nèi)的CPA含量很高，但確切的原因尚未得到證實。森林官員計劃將該地區(qū)的粟的樣本送到專家那里進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步測試。這有助于確定這種真菌是否導(dǎo)致了大象的死亡)”可知，森林官員計劃送粟的樣本去做進(jìn)一步檢測，找出大象死亡的真正原因。故選C項。【答案】16．A17．E18．G19．F20．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了湯姆從足球退役后，對自己在所效力球隊中的影響進(jìn)行了反思，并總結(jié)出了可以應(yīng)用于各種組織的行動經(jīng)驗?！窘馕觥?6．根據(jù)后文“Thefirstlessoninleadershipistoprioritizetheteam,evenduringpersonalchallenges.(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的第一課是要把團隊放在首位，即使是在個人面臨挑戰(zhàn)的時候)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是團隊的重要性，要把團隊放在首位。A選項“Alwaysputtheteamfirst(總是把團隊放在第一位)”符合語境，且能夠概括本段主旨。故選A項。17．根據(jù)后文“Forexample,Swift,afullback,workedhardtoblockdefensesbuthardlyreceivedpraise.TomlearnedtorecognizeSwift’scontributions,whichgavehimaboostinmorale.(例如，后衛(wèi)斯威夫特努力阻擋防守，但幾乎沒有得到表揚。湯姆學(xué)會了認(rèn)可斯威夫特的貢獻(xiàn)，這提升了他的士氣)”可知，本段通過斯威夫特的例子說明，有些運動員并沒有得到他們應(yīng)得的認(rèn)可。E選項“Insports,someplayersdonotgettherecognitiontheydeserve(在體育運動中，有些運動員并沒有得到他們應(yīng)得的認(rèn)可)”符合語境，且能夠引出下文斯威夫特的例子。故選E項。18．根據(jù)前文“Setthestandardandcreateacultureof100%effort.Tomwaspartofahardworkinggroupduringhisearlyseasons.(設(shè)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，創(chuàng)造百分之百努力的文化。湯姆早年曾是一個努力訓(xùn)練的團隊的一員)”以及后文“Bypushingeachothertogobeyondbasicexpectations,theydevelopedacultureofcommitmentthatbenefitedeveryone.(他們通過相互督促，超越基本期望，形成了一種有利于每個人的奉獻(xiàn)文化)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是團隊要設(shè)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，創(chuàng)造努力的文化，大家共同努力追求卓越。G選項“Theteamhelditselfaccountableforeffort,workingforexcellencetogether(團隊對努力負(fù)責(zé)，共同追求卓越)”符合語境，承上啟下，說明了團隊共同努力追求卓越的態(tài)度。故選G項。19．根據(jù)前文“Communicatehonestly.Anotherleadershipruleisbeingopenaboutexpectations.Tommadeitapointtocommunicatehisstandardshonestly,allowingteammatestounderstandwheretheycouldimprovewithoutfeelingattacked.(誠實溝通。另一個領(lǐng)導(dǎo)原則是公開期望。湯姆特別注意誠實地溝通他的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，讓隊友們明白他們可以在哪些方面改進(jìn)，而不會感到被攻擊)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是誠實溝通的重要性。F選項“Thishonestbehaviorhelpsplayersgrowandstrengthensteambonds(這種誠實的行為有助于球員成長，并加強團隊紐帶)”符合語境，說明了誠實溝通的好處，與上文邏輯連貫。故選F項。20．根據(jù)后文“Somearemotivatedbycontracts,orbytheirimageinthemedia.Greatleadersunderstandthesedifferentdriversandmotivateeffectively.(有些人受合同的激勵，或者受他們在媒體上的形象的激勵。偉大的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者理解這些不同的驅(qū)動力，并能有效地激勵他們)”可知，本段強調(diào)的是每個球員都有獨特的驅(qū)動力。B選項“Everyplayerhasuniquedrivers(每個球員都有獨特的驅(qū)動力)”與下文相呼應(yīng)，引出下文關(guān)于不同激勵因素的內(nèi)容。故選B項。【答案】21．C22．A23．B24．D25．A26．D27．B28．C29．A30．B31．D32．C33．A34．A35．B【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了小時候