高考英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)講義

高考英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣歷年考點(diǎn)分析-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣歷年典型題訓(xùn)練費(fèi)縣實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)：朱宗彩虛擬語(yǔ)氣在高考中的頻率不高，主要考查以下5個(gè)方面:考點(diǎn)一、含有if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn)二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣省略if的倒裝情況考點(diǎn)三、名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣考點(diǎn)四、混合虛擬條件句（錯(cuò)綜虛擬條件句）考點(diǎn)五、含蓄條件句考點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)一、含有if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句形式為：_______________主句形式為：_______________Ifhecamehere,hewould/should/could/mighthelpme.

（2）若與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反

從句形式為：____________主句形式為：______________

Ifyouhadcomehereyesterday,youwould/should/could/mighthaveseentheexpert.3）若與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反句形式為：____________________/________________/_______________

.主句形式為：______________-

Ifhemetme,hewould/should/could/mightbeveryhappy.

Ifyoushouldcomehere,youwould/should/could/mightmeetmanyclassmates.

Ifweweretodothat,wewould/should/could/mightmakegoodpreparation.

高考真題1：ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_____inloveattheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.(2002上海)A．wouldn’thavefallen B.hadnotfallen C.shouldfall D.weretofall考點(diǎn)二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣省略if的倒裝情況注意：在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，若有動(dòng)詞were,should或had，有時(shí)可以省略連詞if，而把這三個(gè)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，變成倒裝句。如WereIabird,Iwouldfly.高考真題2：______fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(2006湖北)A.Wouldyoube B.Shouldyoube C.Couldyoube D.Mightyoube高考真題3：.______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuriver.(1994上海)A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will考點(diǎn)三、名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣suggest,insist,request,demand,order等表示“建議、堅(jiān)持、要求、命令”等含義時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”(should可省略)。常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：一個(gè)“堅(jiān)持”（insist）；兩個(gè)“命令”（order,demand）；三個(gè)“建議”（advise,suggest,propose）；四項(xiàng)“要求”（demand,require,request,ask）。特別說(shuō)明：suggest當(dāng)“建議”講時(shí)，that從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)“暗示，說(shuō)明，表明”講時(shí)，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視情況而定。HesuggestedthatMr.Smith__________________(invited)totheparty.Hispalelooksuggestedthathe__________(be)inpoorhealth.insist當(dāng)“堅(jiān)持要……”表示命令時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should）+do;當(dāng)“堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，硬說(shuō)”講時(shí)，不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形視情況而定。Heinsistedthattheconference__________________(putoff)tillthenextmonth.典例1Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe_____angryandwe______himalone.A.was,leftB.was,shouldleave C.shouldbe,shouldleaveD.shouldbe,left典例2Heinsistedthathissuggestion______rightandwe______theplanintopracticeassoonaspossible.A.was,putB.was,mustput C.shouldbe,shouldput D.shouldbe,put上述動(dòng)詞的名詞形式，如suggestion,order,proposal,demand,request,advice,idea等名詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，并且后面出現(xiàn)表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句用

should+do,should可以省略。如：Itisrequestedthatallthebooks__________________toeachschoolassoonaspossible.要求把所有的書(shū)盡快送到每個(gè)學(xué)校。Mysuggestionisthatwe___________(try)theexperimentanotherway.It’snecessary/important/strange/surprising/natural…that…句式表達(dá)了說(shuō)話人的命令、要求、建議或者驚訝，從句中應(yīng)用should+do,其中should可省略。Itisapity/ashame/nowonder等＋that從句Itissuggested(decided,ordered,requested,etc)that…典例3Hissuggestionisthattheharvest_____inbeforetherainyseasoncomes.A.begot B.get C.shouldget D.got考點(diǎn)四、混合虛擬條件句（錯(cuò)綜虛擬條件句）有時(shí)候，條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的（如一個(gè)是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，一個(gè)是現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的），這時(shí)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)表示的時(shí)間來(lái)調(diào)整。例如：IfIhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,Iwouldbebetternow.如果我聽(tīng)了醫(yī)生的建議,我現(xiàn)在可能就好多了.

Ifyou___________hardthen,you_________intheuniversitynow.如果那時(shí)你努力一些,你現(xiàn)在就上大學(xué)了.

Ifthedoctor______soonerlastnight,thepatient_______alivenow.如果醫(yī)生昨晚能早來(lái)一會(huì)兒,病人現(xiàn)在可能就活下來(lái)了.考點(diǎn)五、含蓄虛擬條件句：

有時(shí)一個(gè)假設(shè)的情況并不用條件從句表示，而用其它方式來(lái)表示，這樣的句子叫含蓄條件句。主要有以下幾種情況。

1)用with,without，butfor等介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)替代條件從句,它們都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。如：

Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.=Wemighthavediedifyouhadn’thelpedus.

Withoutthesun,nothingwouldgrow.=__________________________________..沒(méi)有太陽(yáng)，萬(wàn)物都不能生長(zhǎng)。2)用or,otherwise,butthat,suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that)等引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：

Youdidn’tcomeyesterday,oryou__________________him.你昨天沒(méi)有來(lái)，否則的話，你就已經(jīng)看到他了。

Iwasverybusylastweek,otherwiseI_____________________you.我上周很忙，否則的話，我就來(lái)看你了。_____________Iwasstillalittlechild,Iwouldstudyhardfromnowon.假如我還是一個(gè)小孩子的話，我將從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始努力學(xué)習(xí)。

3)通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示虛擬：這種情況下，需要加以分析。

Iwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwassopoorthen.我（那時(shí)如果有錢(qián)的話）就可以給你更多的錢(qián)了，但是我當(dāng)時(shí)太窮了。

Iwouldhavecalledyou,butI______yourtelephonenumber.

我本來(lái)可以給你打電話，但是我（那時(shí)）忘了你的電話號(hào)碼。

4）由should+動(dòng)詞原形或者should/could/mighthave+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

種情況下，虛擬條件句經(jīng)常省略，而只剩下主句結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

Ishouldhavetoldyouthat,butIwasafraidthatyoucouldn’tacceptthefact.

我本應(yīng)該告訴你那件事，但我擔(dān)心你不能接受這個(gè)事實(shí)。

在重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)以上?？純?nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，請(qǐng)大家附帶復(fù)習(xí)以下內(nèi)容1.asif和ifonly所引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣“asif”所引導(dǎo)的從句表示與事實(shí)相反時(shí)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與事實(shí)相同時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。用虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)同if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句部分的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。“ifonly…”表示“要是……就好了”時(shí)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。形式同if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式相同。wish=ifonly+從句（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種形式）例如：Iwish(ed)Icould(would,might)gotothemooninaspaceshiponeday.我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飛船登上月球.Iwish(=Ifonly)he_______usnow.要是他現(xiàn)在能來(lái)看望我.Iwish(Ifonly)hehadvisiteduslastnight.=Iwish(Ifonly)hecouldhavevisiteduslastnight.要是他昨晚能來(lái)看望我們就好了.高考真題4：Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasif_______.(1995年全國(guó))A.breaks B.hasbroken C.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken高考真題5：Ifonlyhe______quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.lies B.lay C.hadlain D.shouldlie2.用介詞without,butfor，otherwise等代替條件句。_______water,therewouldbenolife.________you,wecouldn’thavecarriedouttheplan.要不是你的話我們（當(dāng)時(shí)）無(wú)法實(shí)行那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。高考真題6：Hehesitateforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______agoal.(2001上海春)A.hadscored B.scored C.wouldscore D.wouldhavescored高考真題7：Withoutelectricityhumanlife______quitedifferenttoday.(1991全國(guó))A.is B.willbe C.wouldhavebeen D.wouldbe高考真題8：______moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.(1990全國(guó))A.Given B.Togive C.Giving D.Havinggiven3.It’s(high)timethat+主語(yǔ)+did和I’drather主語(yǔ)+did都表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的建議或愿望，表示將來(lái)的行為，屬于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的一種。Itistimewegotup.該是起床的時(shí)間了．Itis(high)timeweshouldgetup.該是我起床的時(shí)間了．虛擬高考題08-09匯總1．Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they____theirsalesby20percent.A.willincreaseB.havebeenincreasingC.haveincreasedD.wouldbeincreasing2Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit____allday.A.rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedD.israining3Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrol____toreturntotheirhomes.A.theresidentswouldbepermittedB.hadtheresidentsbeenpermittedC.wouldberesidentsbepermittedD.theresidentshadbeenpermitted4Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe____itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged5．---I’msorry.I_______atyoutheotherday.---Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshout B.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshout D.mustn’thaveshouted6．Butfortheirhelp，wetheprogramintime．A．cannotfinishB．willnotfinishC．hadnotfinishedD．couldnothavefinished7．ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon8．Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthathe_____itdifferently.A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed9．Thedoctorrecommendedthatyouswimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t10．Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience，he better.A.needhavedone B.musthavedone C.canhavedone D.mighthavedone11．Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit yesterday.A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappened D.happened12． fired，yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.Couldyoube D.Mightyoube13．Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe toMiamibuttoNewYork?—Iagree，buttheproblemis hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;what D.shouldnotsend;what14．Icouldhavecalledyouforhelp,butI____yournumber.

A.couldn’thaveremembered

B.didn’trememberC.shouldhaveremembered

D.hadn’tremembered

15.ShesuggestedtothepoliceinthepolicestationthatMr.Smith____.

A.stolethenecklace

B.shouldstealthenecklace

C.hadstolenthenecklace

D.stealthenecklace16.Myadviceisthathe___somuch.

A.notsmoke

B.doesn’tsmoke

C.won’tsmoke

D.mustnotsmoke

17.It’sabouttimethatyou_____tostudyEnglish.

A.begin

B.willbegin

C.havebegun

D.began18.Tominsistedwhathesaid____trueandweinsistedthathe____andhavealook.

A.be;shouldgo

B.shouldbe;wouldgo

C.was;goD.was;wouldgo19.___thefog,weshouldhavereachedthetopofthehill.

A.Inspiteof

B.Iftherewereno

C.Butfor

D.Becauseof

20.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_________breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.AwouldBshouldCcouldDmight21._______itwouldstopsnowing!AIfonlyBonlyifCEvenifDButfor22.HowIwishI______that!Eerybodypresentwasangrywithme.Adidn’tdoBhadn’tdoneCwouldn’tdoDwasn’tdoing23.________ittoclearuptomorrow,thetouristswouldclimbtothetopofthemountaintowaitforthesun_______.AIf;tor