頁(yè)巖氣藏多重介質(zhì)流-固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究

頁(yè)巖氣藏多重介質(zhì)流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究頁(yè)巖氣藏多重介質(zhì)流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律研究

摘要：頁(yè)巖氣藏是一種具有特殊地質(zhì)條件和復(fù)雜流態(tài)特性的獨(dú)特儲(chǔ)層，介質(zhì)種類繁多、流場(chǎng)復(fù)雜且尺度差異明顯，研究其多重介質(zhì)流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律有著重要的理論意義和實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文以頁(yè)巖氣藏為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)建立多孔介質(zhì)流動(dòng)、固體力學(xué)和熱力學(xué)傳遞耦合的數(shù)學(xué)模型，分析研究了頁(yè)巖流體運(yùn)動(dòng)和固體變形情況，并對(duì)撕裂、孔隙壓力等影響因素進(jìn)行了深入探討和數(shù)值模擬。研究表明，頁(yè)巖氣藏多重介質(zhì)流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律受多種因素共同影響，其中包括圍壓、溫度、含水量、孔隙度、孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和充滿度等；頁(yè)巖氣藏的吸附效應(yīng)、擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)和滲透效應(yīng)也會(huì)對(duì)流動(dòng)和變形過(guò)程產(chǎn)生顯著的影響。同時(shí)，通過(guò)對(duì)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的分析，本文發(fā)現(xiàn)了頁(yè)巖氣藏多重介質(zhì)流—固耦合滲流規(guī)律中存在的一些問(wèn)題和局限性，對(duì)于未來(lái)更加深入的研究具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義和啟示價(jià)值。

關(guān)鍵詞：頁(yè)巖氣藏；多重介質(zhì)流；固耦合滲流；數(shù)值模擬；影響因素

Abstract:Shalegasreservoirisauniquereservoirwithspecialgeologicalconditionsandcomplexflowcharacteristics.Ithasvarioustypesofmedia,complexflowfieldsandobviousscaledifferences.Studyingthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawhasimportanttheoreticalsignificanceandpracticalapplicationvalue.Inthispaper,takingtheshalegasreservoirastheresearchobject,amathematicalmodelcouplingporousmediumflow,solidmechanicsandthermodynamicstransferisestablishedtoanalyzethefluidmotionandsoliddeformationofshaleandtoexplorethefactorsaffectingthetearingandporepressureindepth.Thestudyshowsthatthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawofshalegasreservoirisinfluencedbymanyfactors,includingconfiningpressure,temperature,watercontent,porosity,porestructureandfillingdegree.Theadsorptioneffect,diffusioneffectandpermeationeffectofshalegasreservoiralsohavesignificantimpactontheflowanddeformationprocess.Atthesametime,throughtheanalysisofnumericalsimulationresults,thispaperfindssomeproblemsandlimitationsinthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawofshalegasreservoir,whichhasimportantguidingsignificanceandenlightenmentvalueforfuturein-depthresearch.

Keywords:Shalegasreservoir;Multi-mediumflow;Solidcouplingseepage;Numericalsimulation;InfluencefactorsThestudyofmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawinshalegasreservoirshasgainedsignificantattentioninrecentyears.Shaleformationsareusuallyhighlyheterogeneousandexhibitcomplexporestructures,whichmakestheflowanddeformationprocessquitechallengingtomodelaccurately.Therefore,numericalsimulationhasbecomeanimportanttooltoinvestigatetheflowandtransportbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Oneofthecriticalfactorsinfluencingthemulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepageinshalegasreservoirsistheporestructureofshalerocks.Duetothelowpermeabilityandhighheterogeneityofshaleformations,itischallengingtoobtainaccurateporestructureinformationfromconventionallaboratorytests.However,theadvancementofimagingtechnologiessuchasscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andmicro-computedtomography(micro-CT)haveprovidednewtoolstoinvestigatetheporestructureandconnectivityinshalerocks.

Anotherkeyfactorthataffectsmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepageinshalegasreservoirsistheinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolids.Shalerockscanbehaveelasticallyorplastically,dependingonthepressureandtemperatureconditions.Theinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolidscancausedeformationoftherockmatrix,leadingtochangesinthepermeabilityandporosityoftheshaleformation.Therefore,itiscrucialtoconsiderthegeomechanicalpropertiesofshalerockswhenstudyingtheflowandtransportbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Theheterogeneityofshaleformationscanalsosignificantlyaffecttheflowanddeformationprocess.Shalerocksoftenexhibitsignificantvariationsintheirmineralogy,organiccontent,andgrainsizedistribution.Thespatialdistributionofthesepropertiescaninfluencethepermeabilityandporosityofthereservoir,leadingtospatialvariationsintheflowandtransportbehavior.

Inconclusion,thestudyofmulti-mediumflow-solidcouplingseepagelawinshalegasreservoirsisacomplexandchallengingtask.Theporestructureofshalerocks,theinteractionbetweenfluidsandsolids,andtheheterogeneityofthereservoirareallcriticalfactorsthatneedtobeconsideredwhenstudyingtheflowandtransportbehaviorinthesesystems.Numericalsimulationhasproventobeavaluabletoolininvestigatingtheflowanddeformationprocessinshalegasreservoirs,buttherearestillmanylimitationsandchallengesthatneedtobeaddressedinfutureresearchInadditiontothecomplexitiesinherentinshalegasreservoirs,otherchallengesincludethelackofgeomechanicalandpetrophysicaldata,thepresenceofnaturalfractures,andtheuncertaintiesassociatedwiththepropertiesofthereservoir.Extractionofgasfromshalereservoirsalsopresentsenvironmentalandeconomicchallenges.Forexample,hydraulicfracturingrequirestheuseoflargequantitiesofwaterandchemicals,whichcanpollutegroundwaterandcauseenvironmentaldamage.

Oneareaofresearchthatisgainingincreasingattentionistheuseofmachinelearninganddataanalyticstoimprovetheunderstandingofflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.Machinelearningalgorithmscananalyzelargedatasetstoidentifypatternsandrelationshipsthatwouldbedifficultorimpossibleforhumanstodetect.Byincorporatingdatafrommultiplesources,includinggeophysical,geochemical,andgeomechanicaldata,machinelearningcanhelptoimprovetheaccuracyofreservoirmodels,whichcaninturnleadtomoreeffectivestrategiesforgasextraction.

Anotherimportantareaofresearchisthedevelopmentofnewtechniquesformeasuringandcharacterizingthepropertiesofshalereservoirs.Forexample,microseismicmonitoringcanprovideinformationaboutthelocationandextentoffracturesgeneratedbyhydraulicfracturing,whilenuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)loggingcanbeusedtomeasuretheporosityandpermeabilityofshalerock.Thesetechniquescanhelptoimprovetheaccuracyofreservoirmodelsandenhanceourunderstandingoftheflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirs.

Inconclusion,thestudyofflowbehaviorinshalegasreservoirsisacomplexandchallengingtaskthatrequirestheintegrationofknowledgefrommultipledisciplines.Whilenumericalsimulationhasproventobeavaluabletoolininvestigatingtheflowanddeformationprocessinthesesystems,therearestillmanylimitationsandchallenges.Futureresearchshouldfocusondevelopingnewmeasurementandcharacterizationtechniques,incorporatingmachinelearninganddataanalytics,andaddressingtheenvironmentalandeconomicchallengesassociatedwithshalegasextractionInadditiontothetechnicalchallenges,therearealsoenvironmentalandeconomicissuessurroundingshalegasextraction.Thehighwaterconsumptionandpotentialcontaminationofgroundwater,aswellasthereleaseofgreenhousegasesandotherpollutants,haveraisedconcernsaboutthesustainabilityofthisenergysource.Itisimportantforresearcherstocontinuetoaddresstheseissuesanddevelopmitigatingstrategiestoensurethatthebenefitsofshalegasextractionoutweighthecosts.

Effectivecommunicationandcollaborationbetweenresearchers,industryprofessionals,policymakers,andthepublicisalsocritical.Giventheinterdisciplinarynatureofshalegasresearch,itisimportantforexpertsfromdifferentfields