雅思寫作Task1 7分范文

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！Thetablebelowgivesinformationonconsumerspendingondifferentitemsinfivedifferentcountriesin2002.Percentageofnationalconsumerexpenditurebycategory-2002Thetableshowspercentagesofconsumerexpenditureforthreecategoriesofproductsandservicesinfivecountriesin2002.Itisclearthatthelargestproportionofconsumerspendingineachcountrywentonfood,drinksandtobacco.Ontheotherhand,theleisure/educationcategoryhasthelowestpercentagesinthetable.Outofthefivecountries,consumerspendingonfood,drinksandtobaccowasnoticeablyhigherinTurkey,at32.14%,andIreland,atnearly29%.TheproportionofspendingonleisureandeducationwasalsohighestinTurkey,at4.35%,whileexpenditureonclothingandfootwearwassignificantlyhigherinItaly,at9%,thaninanyoftheothercountries.ItcanbeseenthatSwedenhadthelowestpercentagesofnationalconsumerexpenditureforfood/drinks/tobaccoandforclothing/footwear,atnearly16%andjustover5%respectively.Spainhadslightlyhigherfiguresforthesecategories,butthelowestfigureforleisure/education,atonly1.98%.Thegraphandtablebelowgiveinformationaboutwateruseworldwideandwaterconsumptionintwodifferentcountries.Page1of15Thechartscomparetheamountofwaterusedforagriculture,industryandhomesaroundtheworld,andwateruseinBrazilandtheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.Itisclearthatglobalwaterneedsrosesignificantlybetween1900and2000,andthatagricultureaccountedforthelargestproportionofwaterused.WecanalsoseethatwaterconsumptionwasconsiderablyhigherinBrazilthanintheCongo.In1900,around500km3ofwaterwasusedbytheagriculturesectorworldwide.Thefiguresforindustrialanddomesticwaterconsumptionstoodataroundonefifthofthatamount.By2000,globalwateruseforagriculturehadincreasedtoaround3000km3,industrialwaterusehadrisentojustunderhalfthatamount,anddomesticconsumptionhadreachedapproximately500km3.Intheyear2000,thepopulationsofBrazilandtheCongowere176millionand5.2millionrespectively.WaterconsumptionperpersoninBrazil,atwasmuchhigherthanthatintheCongo,atonly8m3,andthiscouldbeexplainedbythefactthatBrazilhad265timesmoreirrigatedland.(184words,band9)Page2of15Thechartbelowshowsinformationaboutchangesinaveragehousepricesinfivedifferentcitiesbetween1990and2002comparedwiththeaveragehousepricesin1989.Thebarchartcomparesthecostofanaveragehouseinfivemajorcitiesoveraperiodof13yearsfrom1989.Wecanseethathousepricesfelloverallbetween1990and1995,butmostofthecitiessawrisingpricesbetween1996and2002.Londonexperiencedbyfarthegreatestchangesinhousepricesoverthe13-yearperiod.Overthe5yearsafter1989,thecostofaveragehomesinTokyoandLondondroppedbyaround7%,whileNewYorkhousepriceswentdownby5%.Bycontrast,pricesrosebyapproximately2%inbothMadridandFrankfurt.Between1996and2002,Londonhousepricesjumpedtoaround12%abovethe1989average.HomebuyersinNewYorkalsohadtopaysignificantlymore,withpricesrisingto5%abovethe1989average,buthomesinTokyoremainedcheaperthantheywerein1989.ThecostofanaveragehomeinMadridrosebyafurther2%,whilepricesinFrankfurtremainedstable.(165words)Page3of15ThetablebelowshowstheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.ThetablegivesinformationaboutpovertyratesamongsixtypesofhouseholdinAustraliaintheyear1999.Itisnoticeablethatlevelsofpovertywerehigherforsinglepeoplethanforcouples,andpeoplewithchildrenweremorelikelytobepoorthanthosewithout.Povertyrateswereconsiderablyloweramongelderlypeople.Overall,11%ofAustralians,or1,837,000people,werelivinginpovertyin1999.Agedpeopleweretheleastlikelytobepoor,withpovertylevelsof6%and4%forsingleagedpeopleandagedcouplesrespectively.Justoveronefifthofsingleparentswerelivinginpoverty,whereasonly12%ofparentslivingwithapartnerwereclassedaspoor.Thesamepatterncanbeseenforpeoplewithnochildren:while19%ofsinglepeopleinthisgroupwerelivingbelowthepovertyline,thefigureforcoupleswasmuchlower,atonly7%.(150words,band9)Page4of15ThemapbelowisofthetownofGarlsdon.Anewsupermarket(S)isplannedforthetown.Themapshowstwopossiblesitesforthesupermarket.Themapshowstwopotentiallocations(S1andS2)foranewsupermarketinatowncalledGarlsdon.ThemaindifferencebetweenthetwositesisthatS1isoutsidethetown,whereasS2isinthetowncentre.Thesitescanalsobecomparedintermsofaccessbyroadorrail,andtheirpositionsrelativetothreesmallertowns.Lookingattheinformationinmoredetail,S1isinthecountrysidetothenorthwestofGarlsdon,butitisclosetotheresidentialareaofthetown.S2isalsoclosetothehousingarea,whichsurroundsthetowncentre.TherearemainroadsfromHindon,BransdonandCransdontoGarlsdontowncentre,butthisisanotrafficzone,sotherewouldbenoaccesstoS2bycar.Bycontrast,S1liesonthemainroadtoHindon,butitwouldbemoredifficulttoreachfromBransdonandCransdon.BothsupermarketsitesareclosetotherailwaythatrunsthroughGarlsdonfromHindontoCransdon.canuse"comparedto","comparedwith"and"incomparisonwith"inthesameway.Forexample:PricesintheUKarehighcomparedto/with/incomparisonwith(pricesin)CanadaandAustralia.?Comparedto/with/incomparisonwith(pricesin)CanadaandAustralia,pricesintheUKarehigh.?Whenwritingaboutnumbersorchanges,Ifinditeasiertouse"while"or"whereas":Thereare5millionsmokersintheUK,while/whereasonly2millionCanadiansand1million?Australianssmoke.Page5of15Between1990and2000,thenumberofsmokersintheUKdecreaseddramatically,while/whereasthefiguresforCanadaandAustraliaremainedthesame.Thefollowingbarcharthasatotalof24bars.It'simpossibletodescribe24piecesofinformationinonly20minutes,soyouneedtoselectThebarchartcomparesconsumerspendingonsixdifferentitemsinGermany,Italy,FranceandBritain.ItisclearthatBritishpeoplespentsignificantlymoremoneythanpeopleintheotherthreecountriesonallsixgoods.Ofthesixitems,consumersspentthemostmoneyonphotographicfilm.PeopleinBritainspentjustover￡170,000onphotographicfilm,whichisthehighestfigureshownonthechart.Bycontrast,Germanswerethelowestoverallspenders,withroughlythesamefigures(justunder￡150,000)foreachofthesixproducts.ThefiguresforspendingontoyswerethesameinbothFranceandItaly,atnearly￡160,000.However,whileFrenchpeoplespentmorethanItaliansonphotographicfilmandCDs,Italianspaidoutmoreforpersonalstereos,tennisracquetsandperfumes.TheamountspentbyFrenchpeopleontennisracquets,around￡145,000,isthelowestfigureshownonthechart.Page6of15Thediagramsbelowshowsomeprinciplesofhousedesignforcoolandforwarmclimates.Thediagramsshowhowhousedesignsdifferaccordingtoclimate.Themostnoticeabledifferencebetweenhousesdesignedforcoolandwarmclimatesisintheshapeoftheroof.Thedesignsalsodifferwithregardtothewindowsandtheuseofinsulation.Wecanseethatthecoolclimatehousehasahigh-angledroof,whichallowssunlighttoenterthroughthewindow.Bycontrast,theroofofthewarmclimatehousehasapeakinthemiddleandroofoverhangstoshadethewindows.Insulationandthermalbuildingmaterialsareusedincoolclimatestoreduceheatloss,whereasinsulationandreflectivematerialsareusedtokeeptheheatoutinwarmclimates.Finally,thecoolclimatehousehasonewindowwhichfacesthedirectionofthesun,whilethewarmclimatehousehaswindowsontwosideswhichareshadedfromthesun.Byopeningthetwowindowsatnight,thehousedesignedforwarmclimatescanbeventilated.Page7of15Thediagrambelowshowsthewatercycle,whichisthecontinuousmovementofwateron,aboveandbelowthesurfaceoftheEarth.Thepictureillustratesthewayinwhichwaterpassesfromoceantoairtolandduringthenaturalprocessknownasthewatercycle.Threemainstagesareshownonthediagram.Oceanwaterevaporates,fallsasrain,andeventuallyrunsbackintotheoceansagain.Beginningattheevaporationstage,wecanseethat80%ofwatervapourintheaircomesfromtheoceans.Heatfromthesuncauseswatertoevaporate,andwatervapourcondensestoformclouds.Atthesecondstage,labelled‘precipitation’onthediagram,waterfallsasrainorsnow.Atthethirdstageinthecycle,rainwatermaytakevariouspaths.Someofitmayfallintolakesorreturntotheoceansvia‘surfacerunoff’.Otherwise,rainwatermayfilterthroughtheground,reachingtheimperviouslayeroftheearth.Saltwaterintrusionisshowntotakeplacejustbeforegroundwaterpassesintotheoceanstocompletethecycle.(156words,band9)Page8of15ThediagramsbelowareexistingandproposedfloorplansfortheredevelopmentofanartgalleThefirstpictureshowsthelayoutofanartgallery,andthesecondshowssomeproposedchangestothegalleryspace.Itisclearthatsignificantchangeswillbemadeintermsoftheuseoffloorspaceinthegallery.Therewillbeacompletelynewentranceandmorespaceforexhibitions.Atpresent,visitorsenterthegallerythroughdoorswhichleadintoalobby.However,theplanistomovetheentrancetotheParkinsonCourtsideofthebuilding,andvisitorswillwalkstraightintotheexhibitionarea.Inplaceofthelobbyandofficeareas,whichareshownontheexistingplan,thenewgalleryplanshowsaneducationareaandasmallstoragearea.Thepermanentexhibitionspaceintheredevelopedgallerywillbeabouttwiceaslargeasitisnowbecauseitwilloccupytheareathatisnowusedfortemporaryexhibitions.Therewillalsobeanewroomforspecialexhibitions.Thisroomisshowninredontheexistingplanandisnotcurrentlypartofthegallery.(178words,band9)Page9of15Thetablebelowgivesinformationabouttheundergroundrailwaysystemsinsixcities.Fullessay(band9):Thetableshowsdataabouttheundergroundrailnetworksinsixmajorcities.Thetablecomparesthesixnetworksintermsoftheirage,sizeandthenumberofpeoplewhousethemeachyear.Itisclearthatthethreeoldestundergroundsystemsarelargerandservesignificantlymorepassengersthanthenewersystems.TheLondonundergroundistheoldestsystem,havingopenedin1863.Itisalsothelargestsystem,with394kilometresofroute.Thesecondlargestsystem,inParis,isonlyabouthalfthesizeoftheLondonunderground,with199kilometresofroute.However,itservesmorepeopleperyear.Whileonlythirdintermsofsize,theTokyosystemiseasilythemostused,with1927millionpassengersperyear.Ofthethreenewernetworks,theWashingtonDCundergroundisthemostextensive,with126kilometresofroute,comparedtoonly11kilometresand28kilometresfortheKyotoandLosAngelessystems.TheLosAngelesnetworkisthenewest,havingopenedin2001,whiletheKyotonetworkisthesmallestandservesonly45millionpassengersperyear.(185words)CambridgeIELTSbook7,page101:Thepiechartscomparetheamountofelectricityproducedusingfivedifferentsourcesoffuelintwocountriesovertwoseparateyears.Totalelectricityproductionincreaseddramaticallyfrom1980to2000inbothAustraliaandFrance.Whilethetotalsforbothcountriesweresimilar,therewerebigdifferencesinthefuelsourcesused.Coalwasusedtoproduce50ofthetotal100unitsofelectricityinAustraliain1980,risingto130outof170unitsin2000.Bycontrast,nuclearpowerbecamethemostimportantfuelsourceinFrancein2000,producingalmost75%ofthecountry’selectricity.Australiadependedonhydropowerforjustunder25%ofitselectricityinbothyears,buttheamountofelectricityproducedusingthistypeofpowerfellfrom5toonly2unitsinFrance.Oil,ontheotherhand,Page10of15remainedarelativelyimportantfuelsourceinFrance,butitsusedeclinedinAustralia.Bothcountriesreliedonnaturalgasforelectricityproductionsignificantlymorein1980thanin2000.(170words)Readmyfullessayforthechartbelow.HowhaveIorganisedtheinformation?WhatlanguagehaveIusedtoexplainchangesandtomakecomparisons?Fullessay(159words):ThechartgivesinformationaboutUKimmigration,emigrationandnetmigrationbetween1999and2008.Bothimmigrationandemigrationratesroseovertheperiodshown,butthefiguresforimmigrationweresignificantlyhigher.Netmigrationpeakedin2004and2007.In1999,over450,000peoplecametoliveintheUK,whilethenumberofpeoplewhoemigratedstoodatjustunder300,000.Thefigurefornetmigrationwasaround160,000,anditremainedatasimilarleveluntil2003.From1999to2004,theimmigrationraterosebynearly150,000people,buttherewasamuchsmallerriseinemigration.Netmigrationpeakedatalmost250,000peoplein2004.After2004,therateofimmigrationremainedhigh,butthenumberofpeopleemigratingfluctuated.Emigrationfellsuddenlyin2007,beforepeakingatabout420,000peoplein2008.Asaresult,thenetmigrationfigurerosetoaround240,000in2007,butfellbacktoaround160,000in2008.Page11of15Thechartsbelowshowthelevelsofparticipationineducationandscienceindevelopingandindustrialisedcountriesin1980and1990.Thethreebarchartsshowaverageyearsofschooling,numbersofscientistsandtechnicians,andresearchanddevelopmentspendingindevelopinganddevelopedcountries.Figuresaregivenfor1980and1990.Itisclearfromthechartsthatthefiguresfordevelopedcountriesaremuchhigherthanthosefordevelopingnations.Also,thechartsshowanoverallincreaseinparticipationineducationandsciencefrom1980to1990.Peopleindevelopingnationsattendedschoolforanaverageofaround3years,withonlyaslightincreaseinyearsofschoolingfrom1980to1990.Ontheotherhand,thefigureforindustrialisedcountriesrosefromnearly9yearsofschoolingin1980tonearly11yearsin1990.From1980to1990,thenumberofscientistsandtechniciansinindustrialisedcountriesalmostdoubledtoabout70per1000people.Spendingonresearchanddevelopmentalsosawrapidgrowthinthesecountries,reaching$350billionin1990.Bycontrast,thenumberofscienceworkersindevelopingcountriesremainedbelow20per1000people,andresearchspendingfellfromabout$50billiontoonly$25billion.(187words)Page12of15ThediagrambelowshowshowtheAustralianBureauofMeteorologycollectsup-to-the-minuteinformationontheweatherinordertoproducereliableforecasts.ThefigureillustratestheprocessusedbytheAustralianBureauofMeteorologytoforecasttheweather.Therearefourstagesintheprocess,beginningwiththecollectionofinformationabouttheweather.Thisinformationisthenanalysed,preparedforpresentation,andfinallybroadcasttothepublic.Lookingatthefirstandsecondstagesoftheprocess,therearethreewaysofcollectingweatherdataandthreewaysofanalysingit.Firstly,incominginformationcanbereceivedbysatelliteandpresentedforanalysisasasatellitephoto.Thesamedatacanalsobepassedtoaradarstationandpresentedonaradarscreenorsynopticchart.Secondly,incominginformationmaybecollecteddirectlybyradarandanalysedonaradarscreenorsynopticchart.Finally,driftingbuoysalsoreceivedatawhichcanbeshownonasynopticchart.Atthethirdstageoftheprocess,theweatherbroadcastispreparedoncomputers.Finally,itisdeliveredtothepublicontelevision,ontheradio,orasarecordedtelephoneannouncement.Page13of15ThelinegraphcomparesthepercentageofpeopleinthreecountrieswhousedtheIn