高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講義

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞種類(lèi)及功能非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三種形式：劃出下列句子的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，并指出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中所做成分。Iwanttoreadabookwrittenbythewomanlivingthere.Missingthebusmeanswaitingforanotherhour..Arrivingathome,hefoundhishousebrokenintoandhissoncrying.Notallowedtosmokeintheroom,themanhadtosmokeoutside.Toseeistobelieve./Seeingisbelieving.Theboyismissingandthepolicearepuzzled.Theboyaskedhisstafftogothroughtheplantobecarriedoutthenextweek.二.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句中可做哪些成分?主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)/主補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有哪些形式?不定式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞一般主動(dòng)式一般被動(dòng)式進(jìn)行式完成主動(dòng)式完成被動(dòng)式三.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一：分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)和不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別：Theproblemlastmonthisonpollution.(discuss)Theproblemnowishowtogetridofpollution.(discuss)Theproblemtomorrowwillbeofgreathelptoourteaching.(discuss)小結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表 .注意點(diǎn)：Readingisconsideredasthebestway(enlarge)theEnglishvocabulary.Thisis.-thesecondtomb(find)歸納：當(dāng)名詞由,修飾時(shí)，用作定語(yǔ)，放在名詞后。Practice：Thehousewifebytheresearchersaidthatshewassatisfiedwiththegoods.(interview)Thebuildingprojectwillbecompletedassoonagaossible. (carryout)Thebooknextmonthisongrammar.(publish)考點(diǎn)二：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Hishandwritingisdifficult(recognize).Heisamanhard(dealwith).ItisTomthatis(blame)fortheaccident.Thewindowwants/requires/needs(repair)Thebookisworth(read)twice.小結(jié)：上述情況屬于用動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞的形式表含義。注意點(diǎn)：Manager,doyouhaveanythingtotype?Manager,doyouhaveanythingtobetyped?考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：It+(be)+adj+forsb.todoIt+(be)+adj+ofsb.todoDon'tyouthinkitfoolish/stupid/sillyhimtobelievesuchapersonashim?Iconsideritunnaturalachildofheragetosayso.Ithinkitwouldbebesthertotakehisadvice.歸納：形容詞說(shuō)明somebody時(shí)用形容詞說(shuō)明todo…時(shí)用 考點(diǎn)四：有些動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別：Heregretsabletowatchthevolleyballmatch.(notbe)Weregretthatthefilmwasnotworthseeing.(say)Idorememberformyextrawork,butI'mnotsureoftheexactnumber.(pay)Pleaseremembertheletterformewhenyoupassthepostoffice.(post)Shesearchedthetopofthehillandstoppedonabigrock.(rest)Thebuswassocrowdedthatthedriverstoppedthepassengers.(pickup)Itriedhimtostopsmoking,butfailed.(persuade)Haveyoutriedtheprobleminadifferentway?(solve)I’mafraidyoursuggestioncan'thelptheserviceoftheirshop.(improve)Icouldn'thelpbythebeautyoftheWestLake.(strike)聯(lián)想：像這樣的動(dòng)詞還有哪些？ 考點(diǎn)五：Wedon'tallowhere.Wedon'tallowstudents.(smoke)Iadvisemoreexercise.Iadvisehermoreexercise.(take)總結(jié)：sb+permit,allow,advise,forbid+(do)permit,allow,advise,forbid+sb/sth+(do)sb/sth+be+permitted,allowed,advised,forbidden+(do)考點(diǎn)六：動(dòng)詞的-ing和-ed形式的區(qū)別：.Theboysaidinavoicethathewasbythedog.(frighten).Theboymadehisparentsalot.(disappoint).Whatapoem!Thechildrengotdeeplybyit. (move).Youranswertothisproblemdoesn'tseemso. (satisfy)小結(jié)：v-ing表：v-ed表：考點(diǎn)七：非謂語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的各種形式，即verb+object+(do/doing/done,…)IsawthegirlcrossingthestreetwhenIwentbythebuilding.Isawthegirl(cross)thestreetandrunaway.Themissingchildwaslastseenthekiteneartheriver.(fly)Isawthem(seat)inthehall.小結(jié)：seesb.doing表：seesb.dosth.表：seesthdone表： 這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有： Practice:IstudiedEnglishinprisonfromabook,butIhaveneverheardawordofit.(speak)Didyounoticealittleboyfromthetreeandhisleg?(fall/hurt)Theystoodtherewatchingtheflag.(raise)Wefoundhergreatly(change).Pleasekeepme(inform)ofthelatestdevelopment.IdiscoveredMr.Jack(sit)nearthefires,readingabook.四.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的重/難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)：Hisdelayingansweringherletterangeredhergreatly.Doyoumindme/mysittingbesideyou?Tom,sbeingmurderedshockedallofus..「(瑪麗考試不及格)madeherteacherangry..(他沒(méi)有遵守諾言)disappointedallhisclassmates..Isthereanyhopeof(他會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)中成功)？4.Thewholenationwasshockedbythenewsof(總統(tǒng)被謀殺)?？偨Y(jié)：動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)只能用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)既可用,也可用.：難點(diǎn)二：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)：LiMingissaidabroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiedin?(study)LiMingissaidabroad.Doyouknowwhatcountryhestudiesin?(study)thesadnews,sheburstintotears.(hear)thenewsseveraltimes,hebelievedittrue.(hear).herreply,shedecidedtowriteagain.(notreceive).(show)aroundthelab,thevisitorsweretakentotheplayground.小結(jié)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前時(shí)，應(yīng)用難點(diǎn)三：Heliftedastone,onlyhisownfoot.(hurt)Hewasalwaystellinglies,thus(lose)allofhisfriendsintheend.小結(jié)：作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，todo表：doing表：Practice：Heescapedfromthebattlefieldonly(kill)bythenatives.難點(diǎn)四：幾種特殊情況：Whathewantedtodois(download)somepopsongs.Hehadnochoicebut(sit)therewaiting.Hecoulddonothingexcept(but)(ask)foralift.小結(jié)： 難點(diǎn)五：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果其邏輯與整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，需要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(be)ill,hehadtostayathomeyesterday.Hismother(be)ill,hehadtostayathometolookafterher.Practice:Somanypeople(be)absent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.Allthings(consider),herpaperisgreatervaluethanyours.Thedancefeaturedgroupsofgirls,each(try)topickmorecottonthantherestTheteacher(finish)thelesson,thestudentslefttheclassroom.即學(xué)即練：1Whoisthemantalkingtoourheadmaster?—Aprofessor(pay)avisittoourschool.Themusicwassothattheaudienceweretodeath.(bore)(nothave)anyfoodsincethenightbefore,shefeltveryhungrynow.Someoftheexperiments(describe)inthebookareeasytoperform.(surround)bythepolice,thekidnappershadnochoicebuttosurrender.Whenhecamebackafteranabsencefor20years,hefoundhishometowncompletely (change).Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,thus(result)inanincreaseinproduction.(be)ateacher,Ishouldsetagoodexampletostudents.Thehaircreamdidn'tsellwellas.(advertise)(save)timeandlabor,cartoonistsgenerallydrawthehandsoftheircharacterswithonly3fingersandathumb.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce(design),nothingcanbedonetochangeit.Thewoman（operateon）tomorrowwasbadlyhurtintheaccidenttheotherday.Passengersarepermitted（carry）onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.Onhearingaphonecallfromhiswife（say）shehadafall,Mr.Gordonimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.Recentlyasurvey（compare）pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞高考鏈接.（2011全國(guó)卷）Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.rose B.rising C.torise D.risen.（2011全國(guó)卷）Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joined D.havingjoined.（2011全國(guó)卷）Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,nothingabouttheargument.A.says B.said C.tosay D.saying.（2011北京卷）It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated.（2011北京卷）Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet.A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkept D.tohavekept.（2011天津卷）Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carrying C.tobecarriedD.beingcarried.（2011天津卷）intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.Translating B.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated.（2011上海春招）—in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened.（2011上海春招）HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestarsasacarpenterbefore.

toworktobeworkingtohaveworkedtohavebeenworkingtoworktobeworkingtohaveworkedtohavebeenworking.（2011山東卷）Lookoverthere—there'saverylong,windingpathuptothehouse.A.leadingB.leadsC.ledD.tolead.（2011江蘇卷）Recentlyasurveypricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.compared B.comparingC.compares D.beingcompared.（2011福建卷）TsinghuaUniversity,in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.found B.foundingC.founded D.tobefounded.（2011福建卷）ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold.（2011安徽卷）Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasierintosmallpieces.A.breakB.breaking C.brokenD.tobreak.（2011浙江卷）Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,somealifespanofaround20years.A.havingBhad C.have D.tohave.（2011浙江卷）Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselvesforwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost.（2011浙江卷）Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecitybytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheeredB.becheeredC.tobecheeredD.werecheered.（2011四川卷）―animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.A.Offer B.Offering C.OfferedD.Tooffer.（2011重慶卷）MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople'sconcernoverfoodsafety.A.toraise B.raising C.tohaveraisedD.havingraised20.（2011重慶卷）MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimselfofhisowndreams.A.reminding B.toremind C.reminded D.remind.（2011陜西卷）MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.made C.tomakeD.havingmade.（2011湖南卷）Theability——anideaisasimportantastheideaitselfAexpressingBexpressedCtoexpressDtobeexpressed.（2011湖南卷）Doyouwakeupeverymorningenergeticandreadytostartanewday?A.feel B.tofeel C.feeling D.felt.（2011■■遼寧卷）aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.Gather B.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering.（2011江西卷）Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,Mr.Gordenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.A.says B.said C.sayingD.tosay.（2011遼寧卷）Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachtoreadfast.A.what B.who C.how D.why.（2014安徽卷）Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget,Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.A.promoteB.promotedC.promotingD.topromote.（2014福建卷）thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A.SpendingB.SpentC.HavingspentD.Tospend.（2014福建卷）Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying.A.connectedB.connectingC.toconnectD.tobeconnected.（2014湖南卷）yourownneedsandstylesofcommunicationisasimportantaslearningtoconveyyouraffectionandemotions.A.UnderstandingB.TobeunderstoodC.BeingunderstoodD.Havingunderstood.（2014湖南卷）ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions,weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.HavingfreedB.FreedC.TofreeD.Freeing.（2014江蘇卷）Hislecture,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.A.beinggivenB.hav