河北省承德第一中學(xué)上學(xué)期高二第三次月考英語試題含解析

PAGEPAGE23河北省承德第一中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二第三次月考英語試題（含解析）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段中用英語對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahobby.B.Aplan.C.Music.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataclinic.B.Atadrugstore.C.Atavegetablemarket.3.WhatcanwelearnaboutJane?A.Shewasn’thurt.B.Shehadanaccident.C.Sheworeherseatbelt.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Shewaswashingherface.B.Shewasdriving.C.Shewashurt.5.Howmuchdoesthewomanweighnow?A.153pounds.B.160pounds.C.163pounds.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataclinic.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atadrugstore.7.Whatrestaurantdidthewomangotofirstlastnight?A.Chinese.B.Italian.C.American.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.WhatisthetroublewithBritisheducation?A.Students’training.B.Subjectsplanning.C.Teachers.9.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsBritishschooleducation?A.Moreclassroomsshouldbebuilt.B.Studentsneedmoretimetolearntolive.C.Studentsshouldn’tbekeptbusy.10.Whatopiniondoesthewomansupport?A.Teachersshouldlearnmoreaboutreallife.B.Bettersubjectsshouldbeoffered.C.Teachersshouldbeold.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whoprobablyisthewoman?A.Amountaineer.B.Asportswoman.C.Apilot.12.Whatcausedtheaccident?A.Thewomanhurtherarm.B.Thewomanlostherway.C.Thewomanlandedthewrongway.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisweak.B.Shefailedonlytwice.C.She’llrecoverinabouttwomonths.聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Wheremostprobablyarethespeakers?A.Ataclinic.B.Ataclassroom.C.Atarestaurant.15.Whatisthemainsymptomaccordingtotheman?A.Paininthechest.B.Throwingup.C.Achesinbones.16.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisthroat?A.It’sabithardforhimtoswallow.B.Hehasadullpaininit.C.It’sbeenhurt.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Offeringsomeadviceonsleepingproblems.B.Stressingphysicalexercise.C.Tellingpeoplehowtoexercise.18Whyisituselesstokeepturningaroundwhenyoucan’tsleep?A.It’stiring.B.Itmakesyouworry.C.Itincreasesheartrate.19.Whichofthefollowingcancausesleeplessness?A.Eatingcheesebeforegoingtobed.B.Lackofsleeponweekends.C.Toomuchexerciseintheevening.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutsleepingpills?A.It’suselessforsleeplessness.B.Itpreventssleeping.CIt’llhelprelax.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。A9/11MemorialandGroundZeroWalkingTourInremembranceoftheeventsthattookplaceonSeptember11,2001,takethis2.5-hourwalkingtour.WalkthroughthespaceoftheformerWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkCity(NYC).Aguidewithapersonalconnectiontotheeventsofthatdaysharesstoriesoftragedyandheroism.Pleasewearcomfortableshoes.LowerEastSideFoodandCultureTourTakeadeepdiveintothefoodcultureofManhattan’sLowerEastSideduringthis3-hourguidedsmallgrouptour.FollowyourguidetohiddentreasuresfortastesofeverythingfrompancakestoChinesedumplings.Alongtheway,yourguidewillcastlightontheneighborhood’srich,variedfoodculture,whichhelpsyouunderstandNYCasawhole.Childrenaged5yearsandyoungerarewelcomeatnocharge.Tourrunsrainorshine.StatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTourGetupcloseandpersonalwithEllisIslandandtheStatueofLibertyonthis4.5-hourtour.Listentothelivenarrationfromyourguideandlearnaboutthehistoryofbothspots.Jumpthequeueandenjoyaccesstoreservelineboardingtheferry.ThentakeintheamazingviewsofsouthernManhattanasyoucrossNewYorkHarbor.Foodordrinksofanykindarenotpermitted.BigAppleHelicopterTourItmightseemimpossibletoseethehighlightsofNYCinjust15minutes.Butthishelicoptertourmakesitareality.ListentocommentaryfromyourpilotasyouflybytheStatueofLiberty,CentralParkandotherlandmarks.You’llseemoreofthecityonthistourthananentiredayofexploringonfoot.Reservationsarerequired.1.WhichtourisperfectforthoseexpectingaquicklookofNYC?A.BigAppleHelicopterTour.B.StatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTour.C.LowerEastSideFoodandCultureTourD.9/11MemorialandGroundZeroWalkingTour.2.WhatdoweknowaboutLowerEastSideFoodandCultureTour?A.Itisanighttour.B.Itinvolvestreasurehunting.C.Itischild-friendly.D.Itwillbecanceledifitrains.3.WhatcantouristsdoonStatueofLibertyandEllisIslandTour?A.Sharetheirfirsthandstories.B.Takesomewaterwiththem.C.Haveabird-viewofsouthernManhattan.D.Enjoyspecialrighttoboardtheferry.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了美國紐約四條旅游路線。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段ItmightseemimpossibletoseethehighlightsofNYCinjust15minutes.Butthishelicoptertourmakesitareality.（似乎不可能在15分鐘內(nèi)看到紐約的精華之處。但這次直升機(jī)之旅使它成為現(xiàn)實。）可知，BigAppleHelicopterTour可以在十五分鐘之內(nèi)瀏覽到紐約最精彩的地方。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Childrenaged5yearsandyoungerarewelcomeatnocharge.可知，下東區(qū)美食之旅中，五歲及以下的兒童免費，所以對兒童友好。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句Jumpthequeueandenjoyaccesstoreservelineboardingtheferry.可知，在自由女神像和埃利斯島之旅中，乘客可以不用排隊享受到預(yù)約服務(wù)登上渡輪。故選D。【點睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。抓住文段中的事實和細(xì)節(jié)是做好該題型的關(guān)鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎(chǔ)。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息，或是其變體。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對比，找出答案。正確選項雖然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改寫，意思不變。如換一個同義詞，把否定改為肯定，把肯定改為否定等。如第一小題，根據(jù)最后一段ItmightseemimpossibletoseethehighlightsofNYCinjust15minutes.Butthishelicoptertourmakesitareality.（似乎不可能在15分鐘內(nèi)看到紐約的精華之處。但這次直升機(jī)之旅使它成為現(xiàn)實。）可知BigAppleHelicopterTour可以在十五分鐘之內(nèi)瀏覽到紐約最精彩的地方。故選A。BForseveralmonths,CarahasbeenworkingupthecouragetoapproachhermomaboutwhatshesawonInstagram.Notlongago,the11-year-oldgirl,likealltheotherkidsinthisstory,discoveredthathermomhadbeenpostingherphotosformuchofherlife.“I’vewantedtobringitup.It’sstrangetoseemyselfupthere,andsometimestherearepicturesIdon’tlikeofmyself,”shesaid.Likemostothermodernkids,Caragrewupimmersed(沉迷…之中)insocialmedia.Whilemanykidsmaynotyethaveaccountsthemselves,theirparents,schools,sportsteams,andorganizationshavebeenorganizinganonlinepresenceforthemsincebirth.Theshockofrealizingthatdetailsaboutyourlifehavebeensharedonlinewithoutyourpermissionorknowledgehasbecomeanimportantexperienceinthelivesofmanyteenagers.Recentlyaparentingblogger(博主)wroteinaWashingtonPostessay(散文)thatdespite(不顧)her14-year-olddaughter’shorroratdiscoveringthathermotherhadsharedyearsofhighlypersonalstoriesandinformationaboutheronline,shesimplycouldnotstoppostingonherblogandsocialmedia.ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself,whichisn’tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.Butit’snotjustcrazymommybloggerswhoconstructachild’sonlineidentity;plentyofaverageparentsdothesame.There’sevenaspecialwordforit:sharenting.AlmostaquarterofchildrenbegintheirdigitalliveswhenparentsuploadtheirphotostotheInternet,accordingtoastudyconductedbytheInternet-securityfirmAVG.Thestudyalsofoundthat92percentofkidsundertheageof2alreadyhavetheirownuniquedigitalidentity.4.HowdoesCarafeelabouthermom’sbehavior?A.It’saggressive. B.It’sappropriate.C.It’sannoying. D.It’sfavorable.5.Whydidtheparentingbloggerpostaboutherdaughteronline?A.Becauseitfilledupherblog. B.Becauseitshowedoffhersuccess.C.Becauseitrecordedherstories. D.Becauseitmeantalottoher.6.Whoarefondofsharenting?A.Aquarterofstudents. B.Mostordinaryparents.C.Kidsundertheageof2. D.Somecrazybloggers.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Children’sNewTrouble B.SocialMediaC.Kids’OnlinePerformance D.MommyBloggers【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了一些父母熱衷于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子們并不喜歡這樣，這讓孩子們感到很煩惱。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“It’sstrangetoseemyselfupthere,andsometimestherearepicturesIdon’tlikeofmyself,”shesaid.（在那里看到自己的照片很奇怪，有時候我不喜歡自己的這些照片，”她說。）”可知Cara不喜歡媽媽將自己的照片展示（分享）出來的這種行為。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself,whichisn’tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.（這位作家說，向女兒承諾不再在網(wǎng)上公開發(fā)布自己的照片，意味著她關(guān)閉了自己的一個重要部分，這對她自己或她的女兒都不一定是好事。）”可推知在網(wǎng)上分享孩子的照片是這位博主生活的重要部分，這對她來說很重要。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“plentyofaverageparentsdothesame（很多一般父母都這么做）”可知很多普通的父母都喜歡在網(wǎng)上曬自己孩子的照片。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了一些父母熱衷于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子們并不喜歡這樣，這讓他們感到煩惱，結(jié)合選項可知選項A.Children’sNewTrouble（孩子們的新煩惱）概括較為全面準(zhǔn)確。故選A。CThetheatreinShakespeare’stimewasmuchdifferentthanitistoday.Authorswroteplaysforthemasses,especiallythosewhocouldn’treadorwrite.ThetheatrechangedalotduringShakespeare’slifetime.Theauthoritiesdidn’tlikeitanddidn’tallowactinginthecityitself:Theythoughtithadabadinfluenceonpeopleandkeptthemfromgoingtochurch.QueenElizabeth,ontheotherhand,lovedactingandhelpedthetheatrebecomepopular.ThetheatreinShakespeare’stimewasfulloflife.Peopledidnotsitallthetimeanditwasnotquietduringtheperformance.Theaudiencecouldwalkaround,eatanddrinkduringtheplay.Theaterswereopenarenasorplayhousesthathadroomforuptothreethousandpeople.Therewasalmostnoscenerybecausethedialoguewasthemostimportantpartoftheplay.Colourfulandwell-designedcostumeswereveryimportantandtoldthepeopleaboutthestatusofacharacter.Womenneverperformedinplays,80youngboysplayedfemalecharacters.Theperformancestookplaceintheafternoonbecauseitwastoodarkatnight.Therewasnostagecrewasthereistoday.Actorshadtodoeverythingthemselves-frommakingcostumestosettingthestage.Playswereorganizedbyactingcompanies.Theyperformedabout6differentplayseachweekbecausetheyneededmoneytosurvive.Theyhadalmostnotimetorehearse(排練).ThecompaniesinShakespeare’stimehadaranksystem.Thecompanybelongedtoshareholdersandmanagers.Theywereresponsibleforeverythingandgotmostofthemoneywhenthecompanywassuccessful.Sometimestheyevenownedtheirownbuildings.Actorsworkedforthemanagersandaftersometimebecameapermanentmemberofthecompany.Apprentices(學(xué)徒)wereyoungboysandwereallowedtoactinunimportantrole.Theyalsoplayedfemalecharactersinplays.8.Whywasthetheatrebannedbytheauthorities?A.Itwasmuchdifferentthanbefore.B.Theythoughtitaffectedpeoplenegatively.C.Theythoughtitkeptpeoplegoingtochurch.D.Thequeendidn’tlikeit.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arenas”inParagraph4mean?A.Stages. B.Stores.CCompanies. D.Playgrounds.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthenactors?A.Theycoulddrinkduringtheplay.B.Womenhadtocross-dressmalecharacters.C.Theyhadstagecrewtohelpthem.D.Theyweretoobusytopractice.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TorememberShakespeare.B.ToshowhisloveofShakespeare’splays.C.TointroducetheatersinShakespeare’stime.D.Todiscussthecompany’sranksystem.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文屬于說明文，主要介紹了莎士比亞時代的戲劇表演的情況以及當(dāng)時演員的狀況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theauthoritiesdidn’tlikeitanddidn’tallowactinginthecityitself:Theythoughtithadabadinfluenceonpeopleandkeptthemfromgoingtochurch.可知，當(dāng)權(quán)者不喜歡戲劇，不允許在城市里表演，因為他們認(rèn)為對人們有不好的影響，所以阻止人們?nèi)ソ烫?，故選B。而C選項意思是讓人們一直去教堂，不符合?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本句Theaterswereopenarenasorplayhousesthathadroomforuptothreethousandpeople.可知arenas與playhouses是同義詞，playhouses是一個可以容納多達(dá)3000觀眾的地方看戲劇表演的地方，因而arenas是開闊的舞臺，故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Theyperformedabout6differentplayseachweekbecausetheyneededmoneytosurvive.Theyhadalmostnotimetorehearse(排練).可知，每周表演六個不同的戲劇，因此沒有時間排練，可知他們很忙，故選D?！?1題詳解】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章可知，本文主要介紹了莎士比亞時代的戲劇表演的情況以及當(dāng)時演員的狀況，故可知，本文在于介紹莎士比亞時代的劇院，故選C。DLOSANGELES,Nov.12(Xinhua)—LegendarycomicbookwriterStanLeehasdiedattheageof95,accordingtomediareportsonMonday.Lee,borninStanleyLieberonDec.28th,1922,beganhiscareerin1939andjoinedtheMarvelComicsin1961.HeisconsideredasoneofthemostlegendarynamesinthehistoryofcomicbooksandtheleadingcreativeforcebehindtheriseofMarvelComics.Heco-creatediconicfictionalcharacterssuchasSpider-Man,X-Men,theAvengers,andmanymore.Lee’scharactersoftenhavesuperpowers,buttheyalsohaveweaknesses.Theywerehumans,notgods.Theynotonlystruggledtosavetheworld,butalsotopaytheirbills,makefriends,andholdjobs.ThismadeMarvelcomicbookheroesstandapartfromitscompetitorDC,whichproducedtheseeminglyperfectheroeslikeSupermanandWonderWoman.Thosesuperheroeshavebeenadaptedintoblockbusterfilms,mostofwhichweremadeafterDisneyacquiredMarvelina4-billion-dollardealin2009.Inastatement,BobIger,chairmanandCEOoftheWaltDisneyCompanysaidStanLeewasasextraordinaryasthecharactershecreated.MarvelalsopraisedLeeonitswebsitebyputtingononeofLee’sfamousquotes,whichgoes,“IusedtobeembarrassedbecauseIwasjustacomic-bookwriterwhileotherpeoplewerebuildingbridgesorgoingontomedicalcareers.AndthenIbegantorealize:entertainmentisoneofthemostimportantthingsinpeople’slives.Withoutit,theymightgooffthedeepend.Ifeelthatifyou’reabletoentertain,you’redoingagoodthing.”PraisefromhisHollywoodpeersandcolleagueswasgenerous.PresidentofMarvelStudiosKevinFeigeappreciatedLee’sunparalleledimpactontheindustry.“NoonehashadmoreofanimpactonmycareerthanStanLee,”Feigesaid.“OurthoughtsarewithhisfamilyandthemillionsoffanswhohavebeenforevertouchedbyStan’sgenius,charismaandheart.”12.HowdoLee’scharactersdifferfromthoseofDC?A.Theyareperfectheroes.B.Theyoftenhavesuperpowers.C.Theyarenothumans,butgods.D.Theyhavehumanshortcomings.13.WecanlearnfromLee’sstatementinParagraph6that________.A.itisembarrassingtobeacomic-bookwriterB.atasteofentertainmentisnecessaryinpeople’slivesC.entertainmentisthemostimportantthingintheworldD.youcandoeverythingwellifyouareabletoentertain14.Accordingtothepassage,wecouldknowthat________.A.LeeinfluencedKevinFeige’scareeralotB.LeejoinedtheMarvelComicsinhisfortiesC.LeecreatedthefictionalcharactersallbyhimselfD.ThesuperheroeswereadaptedintofilmsbeforeDisneyacquiredMarvel15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComicsLegend—theMarvelsandDCB.TheSuperheroesinStanLee’sComicsC.Marvel’sComicsLegendStanLeeDiesat95D.TheLifeStoryofMarvelComicsLegendStanLee【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了著名漫畫作者斯坦·李的生前事跡，他被認(rèn)為是漫畫史上最具傳奇色彩的人物之一，也是漫威漫畫崛起背后的主要創(chuàng)作力量。同時他也認(rèn)為娛樂活動是人們生活中最重要的事情之一。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Lee’scharactersoftenhavesuperpowers,buttheyalsohaveweaknesses.”可知Lee創(chuàng)作出的角色是有弱點的，結(jié)合下文“ThismadeMarvelcomicbookheroesstandapartfromitscompetitorDC”可知，這正是使得他所在公司漫威漫畫公司不同于DC公司角色的原因。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第六段倒數(shù)第二句“thenIbegantorealize:entertainmentisoneofthemostimportantthingsinpeople’slives.”Lee意識到娛樂是人們生活中最重要的事情之一，故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段倒數(shù)第二句““NoonehashadmoreofanimpactonmycareerthanStanLee,”Feigesaid.”可知Feige說沒有人比斯坦·李對他的職業(yè)生涯影響更大了，故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章屬于人物傳記類文章，主要圍繞斯坦·李的生前事跡進(jìn)行展開。且文章第一段第一句已經(jīng)點明“LegendarycomicbookwriterStanLeehasdiedattheageof95”斯坦李的去世是寫這篇文章的初衷，故綜合選項C選項最切合題意。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Allovertheworldpeoplearehookedonsports,whichhelpthemtostrengthentheirbodyandbuildtheircharacter.___16___Theyimprovetheparticipants’physicalskills,andprovideentertainmentfortheaudienceaswell.Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaygames.___17___Oftentheygetveryexcitedwhen“their”playerorteamwins.Iftheyarecrazyaboutthegameortheplayer,thenthey’llbecometheirdiehardfans.Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.Football,forexample,hasspreadaroundtheworld.Swimmingispopularincountriesneartheseaorinthosewithmanyrivers.___18___Andthinkofpeopleincoldcountries.MassesofpeoplelovetoskateorskiinJapan,NorwayorCanada.___19___Chineseboxing,alsohasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerathernew,whichstartedinthelateofthenineteenthcentury.Peopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetime.Waterskiing,asamoderngame,isoneofthenewestinthefamilyofsports.Peoplefromdifferentcountriesorracesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragame,theygettoknoweachotherbetterandtheyoftenbecomegoodfriends.___20___Onelearnstofighthardbutfightfair,towinwithoutprideandtolosewithgrace.A.TheybuyticketsorturnontheTVtowatchthegames.B.Whatfunitistojumpintoapoolorlake,whetherinChina,EgyptorItaly!C.Somesportsorgamesdatebackthousandsofyears,likerunningorjumping.D.Sportshelptotrainaperson’scharacter.E.Chinesepeoplelikeddoingsportseveninancienttimes.F.Sportsarecompetitivephysicalactivitiesorgamesthroughcasualororganizedparticipation.G.Theycanmakefriendswitheachother.【答案】16.F17.A18.B19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。運動幫助人們保持身體健康，快樂，幫助人們長壽。運動能使互不認(rèn)識的人成為好朋友，運動也能幫助培養(yǎng)人的性格?！?6題詳解】上文“Allovertheworldpeoplearehookedonsports,whichhelpthemtostrengthentheirbodyandbuildtheircharacter.”說明全世界的人都喜歡運動，運動增強(qiáng)人的體質(zhì)，鍛煉人的性格；下文“Theyimprovetheparticipants’physicalskills,andprovideentertainmentfortheaudienceaswell.”說明它們能改善參與者的身體技能也能給予觀眾快樂。由此可知，F(xiàn)項“Sportsarecompetitivephysicalactivitiesorgamesthroughcasualororganizedparticipation.(運動是通過休閑或有組織的參與而進(jìn)行的競技體育活動或游戲)”能夠承上啟下，符合題意。故選F?！?7題詳解】上文“Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaygames.”說明很多人喜歡看別人比賽。由此可知，A項“TheybuyticketsorturnontheTVtowatchthegames.(他們買票或者打開電視機(jī)看他們比賽)”符合題意。其中選項中的They指代上文中的Manypeople，watchthegames對應(yīng)watchothersplaygames。故選A。【18題詳解】上文“Swimmingispopularincountriesneartheseaorinthosewithmanyrivers.”說明游泳在靠近大?；蛘哂泻芏嗪恿鞯膰液苁軞g迎。下文“Andthinkofpeopleincoldcountries.MassesofpeoplelovetoskateorskiinJapan,NorwayorCanada.(想想生活在寒冷國家的人們。在日本、挪威或加拿大，很多人喜歡滑冰或滑雪)”說明運動有一定的區(qū)域性。由此可知，B項“Whatfunitistojumpintoapoolorlake,whetherinChina,EgyptorItaly!(在中國，埃及或者意大利，跳進(jìn)池塘里或者湖里是多么的有趣！)”講述的是不同地方的運動，符合題意。故選B。【19題詳解】下文“Chineseboxing,alsohasaverylonghistory.”說明中國拳擊也有很長的歷史。其中also說明上句介紹的是有很長歷史的運動。由此可知，C項“Somesportsorgamesdatebackthousandsofyears,likerunningorjumping.(一些運動或者游戲可以追溯到幾千年前，比如賽跑或者跳遠(yuǎn))”符合題意。故選C?！?0題詳解】下文“Onelearnstofighthardbutfightfair,towinwithoutprideandtolosewithgrace.”說明一個人要學(xué)會努力奮斗但要公平競爭，勝不驕，敗不餒。這些都是一些好的性格，由此可知，D項“Sportshelptotrainaperson’scharacter.(運動幫助訓(xùn)練一個人的性格)”符合題意，其中選項中的trainaperson’scharacter對應(yīng)下文中的Onelearnsto。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Generally,a“goodnight’ssleep”meansabouteighthourswithoutinterruption.However,the____21____ofaneight-hoursleepisfairlyrecent.Historytextbooks,____22____,onlytendtorecordmemorableevents.Sleepisso____23____thatitisbarelymentioned.Somehistorians____24____referencestoa“firstsleep”anda“secondsleep”indocuments.Thefirstsleepstartedaftersunsetandlasteduntilaroundmidnight.Thenpeoplewouldlie____25____forawhileandchatorpray.Someneighbours____26____usedtovisiteachother.Afterafewhours,theywouldcontinuetheirsecondsleepuntildawn.Bythetimeelectriclightingwasintroduced,thetwo-sleeppatternhad____27____,formostpeoplecouldstayuplatewithlights.It’sa____28____welostthetwo-sleephabitbecausebeingawakeforaperiodatnightisbeneficial.It____29____thebody’snaturalenergyandsleeprhythms.Thetwo-sleephabitwasn’t_____30_____.Sleeppatternsvarybetweendifferentcultures.Sleeppatternsalsovaryaccordingto_____31_____.Olderadultsandpre-teensarehappywithearlymornings,_____32_____teenagershaveahabitofstayinguplateatnightandgettinguplate.That’swhyparentsarealways_____33_____thatteenagerswon’tgetupinthemornings.Actually,itshouldn’t_____34_____.Gettinguplateisn’tlazy.Maybeweshould_____35_____whatourbodyclockistellingusandsleepwhenourbodysaysit’stired.21.A.character B.end C.result D.concept22.A.naturally B.finally C.hopefully D.casually23.A.practical B.common C.important D.complex24.A.dropped B.preferred C.understood D.noticed25.A.asleep B.alone C.awake D.angry26.A.even B.seldom C.still D.only27.A.developed B.returned C.disappeared D.existed28.A.pity B.blessing C.puzzle D.relief29.A.endsupwith B.keepsupwith C.comesupwith D.putsupwith30.A.universal B.interesting C.healthy D.regular31.A.race B.age C.space D.season32.A.if B.while C.where D.how33.A.complaining B.persuading C.hearing D.suspecting34.A.work B.occur C.last D.matter35.A.guess B.report C.consider D.risk【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.D25.C26.A27.C28.A29.B30.A31.B32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，講述了不同時期和不同地域人們的睡眠類型以及影響睡眠模式的因素?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，8小時睡眠的概念是最近才出現(xiàn)的。A.character性格，特征；B.end結(jié)束；C.result結(jié)果；D.concept概念。根據(jù)“a“goodnight’ssleep”meansabouteighthourswithoutinterruption.”（良好的睡眠意味著八小時不受干擾。），可知，前文是在說明良好睡眠的概念，空處也應(yīng)該與前文一致，應(yīng)指的是八小時睡眠的概念，故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：理所當(dāng)然地，歷史教科書只傾向于記錄令人難忘的事件。A.naturally理所當(dāng)然地；B.finally決定性地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.casually隨便地。根據(jù)“onlytendtorecordmemorableevents.”可知，歷史教科書只記錄令人難忘的事情，這是一件理所當(dāng)然的事情，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考察形容詞詞義辨析。句意：睡眠是如此普遍以至于很少被提及。A.practical實際的；B.common常見的；普通的；C.important重要的；D.complex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)前文“onlytendtorecordmemorableevents”(歷史教科書只記錄令人難忘的事情)并結(jié)合常識可知，睡眠是很少被提及的，故睡眠是一件很常見的事情。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一些歷史學(xué)家注意到文獻(xiàn)中提到了“一次睡眠”和“二次睡眠”。A.dropped掉下，滴下；B.preferred偏愛；C.understood理解；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)后文“referencestoa“firstsleep”anda“secondsleep”indocuments.”，并對其內(nèi)容進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明，可知。該句為歷史學(xué)家注意到文獻(xiàn)中的內(nèi)容。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后人們會醒著躺一會兒，聊天或祈禱。A.asleep睡著的；B.alone獨自的；C.awake醒著的；D.angry生氣的。根據(jù)后文“Someneighbours____6____usedtovisiteachother.Afterafewhours,theywouldcontinuetheirsecondsleepuntildawn.”可知人們在第一覺后，會進(jìn)行一些活動，才會繼續(xù)睡覺，所以第一覺后人們應(yīng)該是醒著躺在床上，故選C項?！?6題詳解】考察副詞詞義辨析。句意：有些鄰居過去甚至?xí)ハ喟菰L。幾個小時后，他們將繼續(xù)他們的第二次睡眠，直到黎明。A.even甚至；B.seldom不常；C.still仍然；D.only只，僅僅。根據(jù)前文“Thenpeoplewouldlie5forawhileandchatorpray.”可知，人們在第一覺后會祈禱或聊天。后文說會互相拜訪?？芍昂髢删鋺?yīng)該是一種遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)電燈被引入時，這兩種睡眠模式已經(jīng)消失了，因為大多數(shù)人可以在有燈的情況下熬夜。A.developed發(fā)展；B.returned返回；C.disappeared消失；D.existed存在。根據(jù)后文“formostpeoplecouldstayuplatewithlights.”對于大多數(shù)人來說，有燈可以熬夜。所以人們不再睡兩覺，這種睡眠模式已經(jīng)消失了。故選C項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很遺憾我們失去了這兩段睡眠，因為晚上醒一段時間是有益的。A.pity遺憾；B.blessing祝福；C.puzzle困惑；D.relief安慰。根據(jù)“welostthetwo-sleephabitbecausebeingawakeforaperiodatnightisbeneficial.”可知，因為晚上醒一段時間是有益的，因此失去這種隨眠習(xí)慣是遺憾的一件事。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：它符合身體的自然能量和睡眠節(jié)律。A.endsupwith以…而結(jié)束；B.keepsupwith趕得上，跟上；C.comesupwith提出；D.putsupwith忍受；容忍。根據(jù)前文“welostthetwo-sleephabitbecausebeingawakeforaperiodatnightisbeneficial.”可知，晚上醒一段時間是有益的。因此推斷這樣睡覺符合身體的自然能量和睡眠節(jié)律。故選B項。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩段睡眠習(xí)慣并不是全世界性的，不同文化的睡眠模式也不同。A.universal全世界的；B.interesting有趣的；C.healthy健康的；D.regular規(guī)律的。根據(jù)“Sleeppatternsvarybetweendifferentcultures.”可知，不同的文化睡眠模式也不同，因此推斷這兩種睡眠習(xí)慣并不是世界性的。故選A項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：睡眠模式也因年齡而異。A.race種族；B.age年齡；C.space空間；D.season季節(jié)。根據(jù)后文“Olderadultsandpre-teensarehappywithearlymornings,”可知，睡眠模式也因年齡而異。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：老年人和兒童喜歡早起，而青少年有晚睡晚起的習(xí)慣。A.if假如；B.while然而；C.where在……地方；D.how如何。根據(jù)“Olderadultsandpre-teensarehappywithearlymornings”和“teenagershaveahabitofstayinguplateatnightandgettinguplate.”可知，老年人與青少年有不同的睡眠習(xí)慣。所以前后文表轉(zhuǎn)折，故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是為什么父母總是抱怨青少年早上不起床。A.complaining抱怨；B.persuading勸說；C.hearing聽；D.suspecting懷疑。根據(jù)“teenagershaveahabitofstayinguplateatnightandgettinguplate.”可知，青少年有晚睡早起習(xí)慣，因此父總是會抱怨孩子早晨不起床。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，這并不重要。晚起床不是懶惰。A.work工作；B.occur發(fā)生；C.last持續(xù)；D.matter要緊。根據(jù)“Gettinguplateisn’tlazy.”可知，晚起床并不是懶惰，這并不是什么要緊的事，故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也許我們應(yīng)該考慮一下我們的生物鐘告訴我們的，當(dāng)我們的身體說累的時候就睡覺。A.guess猜想；B.report報告；C.consider考慮；D.risk冒……危險。根據(jù)“dsleepwhenourbodysaysit’stired.”可知，當(dāng)我們的身體說累的時候我們應(yīng)該睡覺。所以我們應(yīng)該考慮我們的生物鐘向我們傳達(dá)的消息。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theworld’slongestcross-seabridge—HongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)openedonOctober24,2018.TheGuardiandescribeditasoneoftheseven_____36_____(wonder)ofthemodernworld.TheHZMB,____37____linksHongKongandMacaototheChinesemainlandcityofZhuhai,beganin2009andcostabout120billionyuan.It’sdesigned_____38_____(have)aservicelifeof120years,20yearslongerthanmostbridges.Andit’snotonlyabridge,butalsoparttunnel(隧道)andpartisland.Inonesection,thebridgeturnsintoa6.7kmunderseatunnelthat_____39_____(pass)throughtwoman-madeislands.Thetunnelistheworld’slongestunderseatunnelforroadtraffic,_____40_____(allow)largeshipstocontinuepassingthroughtheseaareaabovethetunnel.Thebridge’sengineershadtotakemanyenvironmentalfactors___41___considerationinordertoprotectthesurroundingenvironmentwhile____42____(build)thebridge.TheHZMBwillmake___43___muchmoreconvenienttoshortenthetraveltimefromHongKongtoZhuhaifromfourhourstoabout45minutes.Bydrawinglocalcitiesandregionsclosertogether,thebridgewillhelpthearea’sdevelopment____44____(great).Itisexpectedtodrivetheeconomic____45____(develop)ofHongKong,MacaoandnineGuangdongcities.【答案】36.o42.building43.it44.greatly45.development【解析】【分析】本文一篇說明文。文章主要說明了連接香港、珠海和澳門的港珠