科學(xué)偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義演示文稿

科學(xué)偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義演示文稿當(dāng)前1頁，總共32頁。（優(yōu)選）科學(xué)偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義當(dāng)前2頁，總共32頁?？茖W(xué)偉人眼中的宗教及神秘主義現(xiàn)代物理與神秘主義現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)宗師的看法科學(xué)研究的原動(dòng)力當(dāng)前3頁，總共32頁?，F(xiàn)代物理現(xiàn)代物理–人類開始掌握對(duì)宏觀及微觀宇宙的認(rèn)知微觀世界的基本法:量子力學(xué)(QuantumMechanics)–影響深遠(yuǎn):物理、化學(xué)、天文、份子生物、新技術(shù)-如納米科技、半導(dǎo)體、激光、核能???宏觀宇宙法則:相對(duì)論(Relativity)–影響深遠(yuǎn):物理、天文、宇宙學(xué)、新技術(shù)-如太空科技、核能???現(xiàn)代物理的飛躍進(jìn)步，對(duì)人類思想帶來不少衝擊現(xiàn)代物理證明神的存在？支持神秘主義？當(dāng)前4頁，總共32頁。XeonNickelFeonCu當(dāng)前5頁，總共32頁。「大球場」當(dāng)前6頁，總共32頁。製造新化學(xué)合成物當(dāng)前7頁，總共32頁。核能以核反應(yīng)提取能量E=mc2

每克物質(zhì)=9x1013

焦耳(Joules)!~二千萬公斤黃色炸藥溫度達(dá)三億度!當(dāng)前8頁，總共32頁。激光融合當(dāng)前9頁，總共32頁。利用大型望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測宇宙遠(yuǎn)方（早期）當(dāng)前10頁，總共32頁。神秘主義(Mysticism)Mysticism:“isthepursuitofachievingcommunionwithorconsciousawarenessofultimatereality,thedivine,spiritualtruth,orGodthroughdirect,personalexperience(intuitionorinsight)ratherthanrationalthought;…Mysticsclaimtoexperienceintuitiveknowledgeoftranscendentdimensions,beyondthephenomenalormaterialconcreteobjectsofordinaryperception.”

(/wiki/Mysticism)通過直觀的而非理性的思考，追求與真理的共融交流。當(dāng)前11頁，總共32頁。量子力學(xué)與神秘主義量子力學(xué)的一個(gè)基本假設(shè):物理態(tài)之疊加(superpositionofstates)例如:粒子位置為一物理態(tài);經(jīng)典物理→粒子同一時(shí)間只有一個(gè)位置(態(tài))量子物理→粒子同時(shí)可有多個(gè)位置，以或然分佈xx1x2|x1>或|x2>a|x1>+b

|x2>+c|x3>+…

只可預(yù)測機(jī)率，能確定!非決定論!量度時(shí)或然揀選其中一態(tài)→觀測者與被觀測者不可分割!當(dāng)前12頁，總共32頁。量子力學(xué)與神秘主義量子粒子相互重疊，甚至可以有很強(qiáng)的關(guān)連萬物皆由基本粒子組成→萬物不可分→天地萬物與我合一？FritjofCapra,‘TheTaoofPhysics’(Shambhala,Boston,2000);GaryZukav,‘Thedancingwulimasters:anoverviewofthenewphysics’(Morrow,NewYork,1979).當(dāng)前13頁，總共32頁。玻爾選用的族徽玻爾的互補(bǔ)原理(ComplementaryPrinciple)及海森堡的測不準(zhǔn)定理(UncertaintyPrinciple)常被視為量子物理「證明」或「發(fā)現(xiàn)」神秘主義。當(dāng)前14頁，總共32頁。相對(duì)論與宗教相對(duì)論:時(shí)間與空間為一體(四維)，可相互轉(zhuǎn)化;時(shí)空被質(zhì)量扭曲，做成萬有引力;質(zhì)量和能量本質(zhì)相同，可相互轉(zhuǎn)化→第四維乃靈性之門？能量（光）即是神？宇宙時(shí)空膨脤→宇宙萬物源於極小空間:大爆炸理論→神創(chuàng)造宇宙？當(dāng)前15頁，總共32頁?，F(xiàn)代物理學(xué)宗師們的看法當(dāng)前16頁，總共32頁。物理（科學(xué)）與宗教無關(guān)!不可用科學(xué)來驗(yàn)證宗教!科學(xué)與宗教是不同範(fàn)疇的思想?？茖W(xué)只對(duì)論實(shí)驗(yàn)／感觀見到的「現(xiàn)實(shí)」，只是真理不完整的投影，並不是真理?？茖W(xué)手段是用數(shù)學(xué)模擬及歸納現(xiàn)象，並不直觀真理!Einstein,Schr?dinger,Heisenberg,Bohr,Eddington,Pauli,deBroglie,Jeans,Planck當(dāng)前17頁，總共32頁。NielsBohrErwinSchr?dingerWernerHeisenbergMaxPlanckLouisdeBroglieWolfgangPauliArthurEddington當(dāng)前18頁，總共32頁。Eddington:“Idonotsuggestthatthenewphysics‘provesreligion’

orindeedgivesanypositivegroundsforreligiousfaiths…FormyownpartIamwhollyopposedtoanysuchattempt.”Jeans:“…Butthefinalharvestwillalwaysbeasheafofmathematicalformulae.Thesewillneverdescribenatureitself…[Thus]ourstudiescanneverputusintocontactwithreality.”Eddington:“WeshouldsuspectanintentiontoreduceGodtoasystemofdifferentialequations.…Wehavelearntthattheexplorationoftheexternalworldbythemethodsofphysicalscienceleadsnottoaconcreterealitybuttoashadowworldofsymbols,beneathwhichthosemethodsareunadaptedforpenetrating.”Schr?dinger:“Pleasenotethattheveryrecentadvance[ofquantumandrelativisticphysics]doesnotlieintheworldofphysicsitselfhavingacquiredthisshadowycharacter;ithadeversinceDemocritusofAbderaandevenbefore,butwewerenotawareofit;wethoughtweweredealingwiththeworlditself.”Eddington:“Thematerialistwhoisconvincedthatallphenomenaarisefromelectronsandquantaandthelikecontrolledbymathematicalformulae,mustpresumablyholdthebeliefthathiswifeisaratherelaboratedifferentialequation,…”當(dāng)前19頁，總共32頁。Jeans:“…theoutstandingachievementoftwentieth-centuryphysicsisnotthetheoryofrelativitywithitsweldingtogetherofspaceandtime,orthetheoryofquantawithitspresentapparentnegationofthelawsofcausation,orthedissectionoftheatomwiththeresultantdiscoverythatthingsarenotwhattheyseem;itisthegeneralrecognitionthatwearenotyetincontactwithultimatereality.Wearestillimprisonedinourcave,withourbackstothelight,andcanonlywatchtheshadowsonthewall.”Heisenberg:“Thephilosophiccontentofascienceisonlypreservedifscienceisconsciousofitslimits.Greatdiscoveriesofthepropertiesofindividualphenomenaarepossibleonlyifthenatureofthephenomenaisnotgeneralizedaprior.Onlybyleavingopenthequestionoftheultimateessenceofabody,ofmatter,ofenergy,etc.,canphysicsreachanunderstandingoftheindividualpropertiesofthephenomenathatwedesignatebytheseconcepts,anunderstandingwhichalonemayleadustorealphilosophicalinsight.”科學(xué)的局限!Eddington:“…

boththeoldandthenewphysicsweredealingwithshadow-symbols,butthenewphysicswasforcedtobeawareofthatfact

–forcedtobeawarethatitwasdealingwithshadowsandillusions,notreality.”當(dāng)前20頁，總共32頁。Pauli:“Themostsatisfactorycourse,itseemsistointroduceatthispointthepostulateofanorderofthecosmosdistinctfromtheworldofappearances,andnotamatterofourchoice.WhetherwespeakofnaturalobjectsparticipatingintheIdeasorofthebehaviorofmetaphysical,i.e.,intrinsicallyrealthings,therelationbetweensenseperceptionandIdearemainsaconsequenceofthefactthatboththesoulandwhatisknowninperceptionaresubjecttoanorderobjectivelyconceived.”Pauli:“…But,contrarytothestrictdivisionoftheactivityofthehumanspiritintoseparatedepartments–adivisionprevailingsincethenineteenthcentury–Iconsidertheambitionofovercomingopposites,includingalsoasynthesisembracingbothrationalunderstandingandthemysticalexperienceofunity,tobethemythos,spokenorunspoken,ofourpresentdayandage.”Eddington:“Myconclusionisthat,althoughforthemostpartourinquiryintotheproblemofexperienceendsinaveilofsymbols,thereisanimmediateknowledgeinthemindsofconsciousbeingswhichliftstheveilinplaces;whatwediscernthroughtheseopeningsisofmentalandspiritualnature.”超越理性的認(rèn)知Planck:“…Thepurerationalisthasnoplacehere.”當(dāng)前21頁，總共32頁?？茖W(xué)研究的原動(dòng)力當(dāng)前22頁，總共32頁。「我堅(jiān)信科學(xué)研究最強(qiáng)烈及最高尚的動(dòng)力，源自人類與天地共通的宗教感覺。」-愛因斯坦

“Imaintainthatthecosmicreligiousfeelingisthestrongestandnoblestmotiveforscientificresearch.”-AlbertEinsteinEinstein:“Theindividualfeelsthefutilityofhumandesiresandaimsandthesublimityandmarvelousorderwhichrevealthemselvesbothinnatureandintheworldofthought.Individualexistenceimpresseshimasasortofprisonandhewantstoexperiencetheuniverseasasinglesignificantwhole.”當(dāng)前23頁，總共32頁。畢達(dá)哥拉斯(Pythagoras)的宇宙完美的和諧數(shù)學(xué)與音樂的統(tǒng)一:弦線長度與音符的關(guān)係數(shù)學(xué)(幾何)規(guī)律宇宙的和諧J.James,“TheMusicoftheSpheres–Music,ScienceandtheNaturalOrderoftheUniverse”(Springer-Verlag,NewYork,1993).Monochord單弦當(dāng)前24頁，總共32頁。畢達(dá)哥拉斯的哲學(xué)/科學(xué)宇宙的和諧音樂數(shù)學(xué)科學(xué)哲學(xué)天文學(xué)當(dāng)前25頁，總共32頁。畢達(dá)哥拉斯的宇宙論星體（包括地球）為球體行星運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)出的聲音合成諧聲“Themotionofbodiesofthatsizemustproduceanoise,sinceonourearththemotionofbodiesfarinferiorinsizeandspeedofmovementhasthateffect.Also,whenthesunandthemoon,theysay,andallthestars,sogreatinnumberandinsize,aremovingwithsorapidamotion,howshouldtheynotproduceasoundimmenselygreat?Startingfromthisargument,andtheobservationthattheirspeeds,asmeasuredbytheirdistances,areinthesameratiosasmusicalconcordances,theyassertthatthesoundgivenforthbythecircularmovementofthestarsisaharmony.”fromAristotle,OntheHeavens,describingPythagoreansCosmology.阿里士多德對(duì)畢達(dá)哥拉斯宇宙論的描述C,D,Eb,E,G,A,Bb,B,D地

月水

金日

火木

土恆星當(dāng)前26頁，總共32頁。畢氏的宇宙論以不同形式留傳，包括阿里士多德Aristotle(384–322BC)的地心說

Geocentricmodel地月水星金星太陽火星Saturn恆星Jupiter木星土星當(dāng)前27頁，總共32頁。及哥白尼Copernicus

(1473–1543AD)的日心說

(Heliocentricmodel)革命Revolution!地球在高速運(yùn)動(dòng)!當(dāng)前28頁，總共32頁。開普勒J(rèn)ohannesKepler(1571-1630)現(xiàn)代天文學(xué)之父

從第谷的觀測數(shù)據(jù)歸納出三條行星運(yùn)動(dòng)定律“TheHarmonyoftheUniverse”畢氏系統(tǒng)之推廣

(單音→多音)發(fā)揚(yáng)以數(shù)學(xué)/音樂去理解宇宙!“WhatKeplerattemptedhereis,simply,tobaretheultimatesecretoftheuniverseinanall-embracingsynthesisofgeometry,music,astrology,astronomy,andepistemology.”–ArthurKoestler當(dāng)前29頁，總共32頁。開普勒的交響樂比較行星近日點(diǎn)及遠(yuǎn)日點(diǎn)移動(dòng)角度的比例例如土星比例為

5:4,剛好為三度音階(d-m)火星:五度,木呈:副調(diào)三度,水星:八度+三度,地球:半音階每行星不斷變音，共同譜出交響樂水星“themovementsoftheheavensarenothingexceptacertaineverlastingpolyphony”–Kepler,TheHarmonyoftheUniverse土星當(dāng)前30頁，總共32頁。Planck:“He[Kepler]hadtosufferdisillusionafterdisillusionandevenhadtobegforthepaymentofthearrearsofhissalarybytheReichstaginRegensburg.Hehadtoundergotheagonyofhavingtodefendhisownmotheragainstapublicindictmentofwitchcraft.Butonecanrealize,instudyinghislife,thatwhatrenderedhimsoenergeticandtirelessandproductivewastheprofoundfaithhehadinhisownscience,notthebeliefthathecouldeventuallyarriveatanarithmeticalsynthesisofhisastronomicalobservations,butrathertheprofoundfaithintheexistenceofadefiniteplanbehindthewholeofcreation.”Pauli:“Theprocessofunderstandinginnature,togetherwiththejoythatmanfeelsinunderstanding,i.e.,inbecomingacquaintedwithnewknowledge,seemsthereforetorestuponacorrespondence,acomingintocongruenceofpreexistentinternalimagesofthehumanpsychewithexternalobjec