高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪練(含解析)4

2019年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解一輪練（4）李仕才AWithautumnonthehorizon,theseason

’sfirstOscarcompetitorsarehere.Already,

theHollywoodReporterhaspredictedthattheoften-snubbed(

冷淡的)LeonardoDiCapriocouldwin.Althoughbeforewegetsweptupinpredictions,itnicetorememberthatlittlegoldmenarenotthereasonwelovethemovies.They

’sshouldn’tbetheprimaryreasonforactinginthemeither.BillMurrayknowsthisfirsthand.Murraywaspositionedtowinhisfirst-everOscarAcademyAwardfor2004’s“LostinTranslation”,buthelostittoSeanPenn.Yearslater,Murrayexplainedhowhetookthedefeatinstride(冷靜應(yīng)付),andhiswordsshouldactasablueprintforanyonewhohasfailed:“Iwentthroughitoncebeforeandit’snicetogetnominatedandwinsomeprizes.Yougettogotodinnersandtelllittlestoriesandsoforth.Thenyougettogetdressedup.AndthenyougettobeonTV,whichissweet.Andyoucaneitherwinorlose.Wellyou’renotsupposedtosay‘lose’whenyoutalkabouttheOscar.Youaresupposedtosay‘notchosen’.ButIlaterrealizedthatIhadgottenalittlecaughtupinthepossibilityofwinning.So,shameonmyselfforgettingcaughtin’tseemunnaturaltoexpectthatIwouldberewardedjustonemoretime.Sowhenitdidn’thappen,Ithought,‘Well,that’skindoffunny.’Buttogetprizesisnotwhyyouwork.”Murrayisn’taloneinthosefeelings.NomentionofactorswithoutOscarswouldbecompletewithoutrecognitionofLeonardoDiCaprio,whosaid,“Idon’tthinkIeverexpectedanythinglikeanOscarever,totellyouthetruth.ThatisnotmymotivationwhenIdotheseroles.IreallyammotivatedbybeingabletoworkwithgreatpeopleandcreateabodyofworkthatIcanlookbackandbeproudof.”PerhapsneitherMurraynorDiCapriowilleverbeintroducedasanAcademyAward-winningactor,butwinninganOscarforactingshouldn’tbethepoint.HerearesomeotheramazingactorswhoneverwonanOscar,evenifyouthinktheydid:JulianneMoore,BradPitt,JohnnyDepp,TomCruise,HarrisonFord,WillSmith.Andtheyhaveprovedthatcountlesstimesbefore.1.WecanlearnaboutBillMurrayfromthepassagethat_________.A.hefeltashamedthathedidn’twintheOscar.B.heneverexpectedhimselftowintheOscar.C.hehadalreadywonmanyotherawardsbeforehefailedinOscar.D.heisthefirstactorwhohadbeenpredictedtowintheOscarbutfailed.2.LeonardDiCaprioismotivatedtoactdifferentrolesbecause_________A.hewantstowintheOscar.B.hecancooperatewithgreatpeople.C.hewantsotherstotakeprideinhim.D.heisnottheonlyactorwhohasn’twontheOscar.3.Theunderlinedword“that”inthelastparagraphrefersto“_________”.A.NeitherMurraynorDiCapriowillwonanOscar.B.WinninganOscarforactingshouldn’tbethepoint.C.SomeamazingactorshaveneverwonanOscar.D.YouthinkthatsomeactorsshouldhavewonanOscar.4.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetoLeonardo’sideaonwinninganOscar?A.Approving.B.CriticalC.Indifferent.D.Neutral.【文章粗心】本文主要介紹了落第奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的比爾默里和萊昂納多對(duì)奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的見解。1.C【分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“ButIwonalotoftheprizesforLostinTranslation.”可知，在落第奧斯卡以前，比爾默里已經(jīng)博得了好多其余獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。3.B【分析】詞義猜想題。依據(jù)畫線詞前的“butwinninganOscarforactingshouldn’tbethepoint.”可知，此處的that指代的就是winninganOscarforactingshouldn’tbethepoint。224.A【分析】看法態(tài)度題。依據(jù)最后一段中的“PerhapsneitherMurraynorDiCapriowilleverbeintroducedasanAcademyAward-winningactor,butwinninganOscarforactingshouldn’tbethepoint.”可知，作者對(duì)萊昂納多對(duì)于博得奧斯卡的態(tài)度是支持的。B(2015·成都第二次診療)TheChildren’sBook-showCompetitionisachanceforyoungreaderstobewriters.Reading，itseems，iscomingbackintofashion，ifasurveybythefamousNationalLiteracyTrust(theNLT)istrue.Itshowsthatthepercentageofchildrenwhoadmitenjoyingreadinghasgrownforthefirsttimeinthepast8years.Soit’sagoodtimetolaunchacompetitionthatincludesashedloadofnewbooksforschoolsasprizes.TheChildren’sBook-showCompetition，backedbyTheIndependent，istakingtotheroadsagainfromthestartofnextterm，withanationwidetourof15bigcities，featuringalineupofadozenchildren’swritersandillustrators(插圖畫家)aimingtopersuadepupilstofollowtheirfootsteps.Thecompetition，launchedbythechildren’swriterandillustratorJessicaSouhami，hastwocategories:theunder-nine’sandnineto13-year-olds.Childrenareaskedtochoosetheirfavoritefairyorfolktaleandsetitinanextraordinaryplace.Thentheyaretoretellitwiththeaidofdrawingsandwritings—whetheritissetatsea，onadistantplanet，inthefutureorinthepast.Theclosingdateforthecompetitionis30November.“Tellyourtaleinpicturesandinwords，”saytheorganizersofthecompetition.“Itcanbeinapicturebookorcomicbookformat.”Thewinnerofeachcompetitionwillreceiveasignedcopyofabookbyeachofthe12authorsinvolvedinthisyear’stour，plus￡150worthofbooksfortheir3school.Therunners-upwillreceiveasignedcopyofSouhami’snewbook.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了念書競(jìng)賽的倡始、年紀(jì)規(guī)定以及獎(jiǎng)賞方法。1．WhatcanweknowabouttheBook-showCompetition?A．ItwillbeheldbythefamousNLT.B．Itwillbeheldindifferentcities.C．Ithasneverbeenorganizedbefore.D．Childrenofallageswilljoininit.分析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第二句中的“TheChildren’sBook-showCompetition，backedbyTheIndependent，istakingtotheroadsagainfromthestartofnextterm，withanationwidetourof15bigcities，”可知，念書競(jìng)賽將在不一樣的城市舉行。故答案選B。2．Theunderlinedword“backed”inParagraph3means________.A．Started.B．Promoted.C．Supported.D．Reported.分析：選C。詞義猜想題。start意為“開始”；promote意為“提高”；support意為“支持”；report意為“報(bào)告”。依據(jù)畫線詞前的“it’sagoodtimetolaunchacompetition”可推知，此次競(jìng)賽獲得了TheIndependent的支持。back意為“支持”。故答案選C。3．Whatwillbeofferedasaprizetoschools?A．Picturesandcomicbooks.B．Booksworth￡150inall.C．Bookssignedby12authors.D．JessicaSouhami’snewbooks.分析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最后一段第一句“Thewinnerofeachcompetitionwillreceiveasignedcopyofabookbyeachofthe12authorsinvolvedinthisyear’stour，plus￡150worthofbooksfortheirschool.”可知，給獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔W(xué)校的獎(jiǎng)賞是價(jià)值150英鎊的書本。故答案選B。444．Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageisto________.A．encourageyoungreaderstobecomewritersB．persuadeallchildrentojoininthecompetitionC．promotechildren’sbooksbyfamouswritersD．introduceabook-showcompetitiontochildren分析：選D。寫作企圖題?？v觀全文可知，作者寫這篇文章旨在向孩子們介紹一個(gè)念書比賽。故答案選D。CLifecanbesowonderful，fullofadventureandjoy.Itcanalsobefullofchallenges，setbacks(挫折)andheartbreaks.Whateverourcircumstances，wegenerallystillhavedreams，hopesanddesires—thatlittlesomethingmorewewantforourselvesandourlovedones.Yetknowingwecanhavemorecanalsocreateaproblem，becausewhenwegotochangethewaywedothings，upcometheoldpatternsandpitfalls(圈套)thatstoppedusfromseekingwhatwewantedinthefirstplace.Thistensionbetweenwhatwefeelwecanhaveandwhatwe'reseeminglyabletohaveistheniggling(惱人的)suffering，theanxietywefeel.Thisiswhereweusuallythinkit'seasiertojustgiveup.Butwe'renevermeanttoletgoofthepartofusthatknowswecanhavemore.Theintelligencebehindthatknowingisus—therealus.It'sthepartthatbelievesinlifeanditspossibilities.Ifyoudropthat，youbegintofeelalittle“dead”insidebecauseyou'redropping“you”．So，ifwehavethiscapabilitybutsomehowlifeseemstokeepusstuck，howdowebreakthesepatterns?Decideonanewcourseandmakeonedecisionatatime.Thisisgoodadviceforanewadventureorjustgettingthroughtoday'schallenges.While，deepdown，weknowwecandoit，ourmind—orthemindsofthoseclosetous—usuallysayswecan't.Thatisn'tareasontostop;it'sjustthemind，thatlittlemanorwomanonyourshoulder，tryingtotalkyououtofsomethingagain.Ithasdoneitmanytimesbefore.It'sallaboutstartingsimpleanddoingitnow.Decideandactbeforeoverthinking.Whenyoudothisyoumayfeelalittle，orlarge，release_from_the_jail_of_your_mindandyou'llbeonyourway.文章粗心：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者介紹了在我們想要放棄的時(shí)候改變這類模式的一種方法就5是從頭選擇目標(biāo)并且快速做出決定。1．Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatweshould________.A．slowdownandliveasimplelifeB．becarefulwhenwechoosetochangeC．sticktoourdreamsunderanycircumstancesD．becontentwithwhatwealreadyhave答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第三句Whateverourcircumstances，wegenerallystillhavedreams，hopesanddesires說(shuō)不論在什么狀況下，我們?nèi)耘f有著夢(mèng)想、希望和欲念。以及第二段最后一句Ifyoudropthat，youbegintofeelalittle“dead”insidebecauseyou'redropping“you”．假如你放棄了，你的心里會(huì)變得了無(wú)活力，由于你放下了你自己。應(yīng)選C。2．Whatisthekeytobreakingtheoldpatterns?A．Tofocusoneverydetail.B．Todecideandtakeimmediateaction.C．Tolistentothoseclosetous.D．Tothinktwicebeforeweact.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句Decideonanewcourseandmakeonedecisionatatime.能夠知道為了打破舊格局需要決定一個(gè)新目標(biāo)并且馬上做出決定。應(yīng)選B。3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Escapefromyourpunishment.B．Realizationofyourdreams.C．Freedomfromyourtension.D．Reductionofyourexpectations.答案：C推理判斷題。依據(jù)畫線句子可知其本義是逃出你心里的牢籠。聯(lián)合上文中在過(guò)多思考以前快速?zèng)Q定和行動(dòng)能夠推斷這個(gè)畫線句子是指要從過(guò)多考慮的憂慮中解放自己。應(yīng)選C。4．Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A．It'seasierthanwethinktogetwhatwewant.B．It'simportanttolearntoacceptsufferingsinlife.C．It'simpracticaltochangeourwayofthinking.D．It'sharderthanweexpecttofollowanewcourse.答案：A寫作企圖題。從全文來(lái)看，作者主假如想要重申堅(jiān)決的行動(dòng)而不是幻想來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想和欲念，比起想要成功，行動(dòng)更為簡(jiǎn)單。應(yīng)選A。D66(2016·四川成都高三聯(lián)考)Studentswishingtosafeguardtheircareersagainstchangesinthejobmarketshouldoptforscienceratherthanartsdegrees，accordingtoasurveyofundergraduates.Engineeringandchemistrywereconsideredtobethemost“futureproof”，astheyarecoursesmostlikelytoleadtoanenduringandadaptablecareer.StudentspolledbyPearsonCollegewerebroadlyoptimisticthattheirchosencourseswouldpreparethemforaworldinwhichthejobmarketcouldchangedramaticallyduringtheirworkinglives.Butopinionwassharplydividedoverwhichdegreeswerebestforfuture-proofcareers.Eighty-twopercentofrespondentsbelievedengineeringwouldhelpdevelopfuture-proofskills，with74percentbelievingthesameofchemistryand73percentofcomputerscience.Butjust33percentofundergraduatesbelievedhistorywouldleadtoafuture-proofcareer，and40percentEnglish.Howevermorethantwothirdsofstudents(67percent)thoughttheworldofworkwouldbesignificantlydifferentorcompletelyunrecognizablein20years.Thefindings，publishedtoday，comeafterEducationSecretaryNickyMorgansparkedcontroversywithclaimsthatteenagersshouldsteerclearoftheartsandhumanitiesandoptforscienceormathssubjectsiftheywanttoaccessthewidestrangeofjobs.Shesaidthatinpreviousdecadesstudentswouldonlytakemathsorscienceiftheywantedtopursueaspecificcareersuchasmedicineorpharmacy，butnowadaysthat“couldn’t_be_further_from_the_truth”．“Ifyouwantedtodosomethingdifferent，orevenifyoudidn’tknowwhatyouwantedtodo...thentheartsandhumanitieswerewhatyouchose.Becausetheywere7useful—weweretold—forallkindsofjobs.Ofcoursenowweknowthatcouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth，thatthesubjectsthatkeepyoungpeople’soptionsopenandunlockdoorstoallsortsofcareersaretheSTEM(science，technology，engineeringandmaths)subjects.”Shealsodescribedmathsas“thesubjectthatemployersvaluemost”andsaidthatpupilswhostudyA-levelmathswillearn10percentmoreovertheirlifetime.“Thesefiguresshowusthattoomanyyoungpeoplearemakingchoicesaged15whichwillholdthembackfortherestoftheirlives.”shesaid.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了課程的選擇對(duì)學(xué)生們將來(lái)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的影響。1．Inordertoguaranteeyourfuturejob，whichkindofcourseswillyouchooseaccordingtothesurvey?A．EngineeringorEnglish.B．HistoryorMaths.C．MathsorArt.D．EngineeringorChemistry.分析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段“Engineeringandchemistrywereconsideredtobethemost“futureproof”，astheyarecoursesmostlikelytoleadtoanenduringandadaptablecareer.”可知，工程學(xué)和化學(xué)被以為是最有遠(yuǎn)景的學(xué)科，由于它們能夠讓人找到長(zhǎng)久的、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的職業(yè)。所以要想將來(lái)工作有保證，應(yīng)選擇工程學(xué)或化學(xué)。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。2．What’sthestudents’attitudetowardstheirchosencourses?A．Doubtful.B．Worried.C．Optimistic.D．Objective.分析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“StudentspolledbyPearsonCollegewerebroadlyoptimisticthattheirchosencourses...”可知，學(xué)生對(duì)所選擇的課程持樂觀態(tài)度。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。883．Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwords?A．Itisfarawayfromthetruth.B．It’stothetruth.C．Itcouldn’tbeclosertothetruth.D．Itreflectsthetruth.分析：選A。句意猜想題。依據(jù)畫線部分前的“Shesaidthatinpreviousdecadesstudentswouldonlytakemathsorscienceiftheywantedtopursueaspecificcareersuchasmedicineorpharmacy...”并聯(lián)合畫線部分前的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞實(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“butnowadays”可推知，此句表示，假如你想把醫(yī)學(xué)或藥劑學(xué)作為特定的職業(yè)，在前10年你只要選擇數(shù)學(xué)和自然科學(xué)這兩門課就夠了，可是此刻只是選擇這兩門課是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。所以，畫線部分的意思是“此刻這是很不切合實(shí)質(zhì)狀況的”。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。4．WhatdidNickyMorganindicateinherclaim?A．Ifyouwanttodosomedifferent，theartsandhumanitiesarewhatyouchoosenow.B．STEMsubjectscanmakeyoungpeoplechoosetheirfuturejobsfreely.C．Atcollege，youngpeopleshouldmakechoicesfortheirlives.D．Mathsandscienceareconsideredtobethesubjectsthatemployersvaluemost.分析：選B。推理判斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“...thesubjectsthatkeepyoungpeople’soptionsopenandunlockdoorstoallsortsofcareersaretheSTEM(science，technology，engineeringandmaths)subjects.”可知，STEM課程為學(xué)生能夠自由選擇各種職業(yè)供給了可能。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。E9Ifyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggersandnon-joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogatamoderatepacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(動(dòng)脈).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy,joggingafewtim