天然藥化英文

天然藥化英文第1頁/共26頁NaturalProductsChemistry2012-2013(2)第2頁/共26頁BilingualTeachingMethodsExplaintheknowledgeinEnglishandChinese.Payattentiontothecultureexchangeintheworld.ImprovetheabilitytoutilizespecialtyEnglish.第3頁/共26頁ExaminationforNaturalProductsChemistrySelectiveCourse1.Cometotheclassontime:102.Behaviourinclass:

103.Classnote:

104.Examinationattheendoftheclass:70Note:Someonecan’tbeallowedtocometotheexaminationifheisabsentfromtheclassmorethan6times.第4頁/共26頁ClassContentsChapter1IntroductionChapter2SaccharideandGlycosidesChapter3PhenylpropanoidsChapter4QuinonesChapter5FlavonoidsChapter6TerpenoidsandVolatileoilsChapter7TriterpenoidsandSaponinsChapter8SteroidesandGlycosidesChapter9AlkaloidsChapter10MarineNaturalProducts糖和苷苯丙素類化合物醌類化合物黃酮類化合物萜類和揮發(fā)油三萜及其苷類甾體及其苷類生物堿海洋天然藥物第5頁/共26頁

1、Outline3、Extractandisolationmethods4、Structuralelucidationmethods2、BiosynthesisChapter1Introduction第6頁/共26頁1、OutlineDefinition:Naturalproductschemistryisasubjecttoresearchthechemicalconstituentsofnaturalmedicinalplantsonthebaseofmodernscientifictheoryandmethods.

Contents：Structuralcharacteristics,physicochemicalproperties,extractandisolationmethods,andstructuralelucidationofthechemicalconstituentsofallkindsofnaturalmedicinalplants.

第7頁/共26頁Researchresource:Naturalplants(major),animals,minerals,andmicroorganism.1、OutlineNaturalmedicinalplantsherbmedicine第8頁/共26頁麻黃(Ephedraspp.)1、Outline第9頁/共26頁1、Outline第10頁/共26頁槐花米（Sophorajaponica）1、Outline第11頁/共26頁

1、Outline第12頁/共26頁Developmentsinforeigncountries●

In1769,tartar(potassiumhydrogentartrate)

wastransferredtocalciumsaltanddecomposedin

sulphuricacidtoproducetartaricacid.(K.W.Schelle,Swedish)●In1804,morphinewasisolatedfromopium(Dorosine,French)●In1806,

morphinewasisolatedfromopium(Serturner,German)●In1810-1860,

theperiodofalkaloiddevelopment1、Outline第13頁/共26頁Spectroscopicanalysis:

NMR,MS,IR,andUV.Researchmethods:

extractandisolationguidedbybioactivescanning,structuralmodification,andtotalsynthesis.1、OutlineDevelopmentofnowadays第14頁/共26頁

1、Outline3、Extractandisolationmethods4、Structuralelucidationmethods2、BiosynthesisChapter1Introduction第15頁/共26頁2、BiosynthesisCO2H2O葡萄糖代謝磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸丙酮酸乙酰輔酶A丙二酸甲酰輔酶A甲羥戊酸萜類甾類胡蘿卜素類4-磷酸脂肪酸類前列腺素類脂肪族及芳香族聚酮類醌類-氨基乙酰丙酸膽堿、卟啉類鞣酸類莽草酸苯丙素類芳香族氨基酸脂肪族氨基酸嘌呤、嘧啶核苷酸類肽類含氮化合物生物堿類黃酮類h第16頁/共26頁Resultsofbiosynthesis●Anykindofplantwillproducesomespecificconstituentstoexpresstheirphysiologicalandbiochemicalcharacteristics.

●Theconstituentsofsomesamefamilyplantsweredifferentwiththelonghistorydevelopment,buttheskeletonofwhichareconsistent,onlythesidechainwasisomerized.●Theconstituentsindicatedthedevelopingdirectionofsomefamilyplantsinthebiosyntheticrecyclesystem.

●Similarrelativeplantspossesssimilarconstituents.2、Biosynthesis第17頁/共26頁●Thesimilarstructurecomponentsmaybeoriginatefromthesameprecursorinbiosynthesis,whichprovideadirectiontostudyplantchemicalcategoryandfindnewnaturalmedicinalplantresource.●Forexample:

C5isthebasicskeletoninterpenoids,whichexhibitthesamebiosyntheticrouteinterpenoids------isoprenerule.2、BiosynthesisH2CCHCH2H3C第18頁/共26頁Basicstructureunit●C2unit(aceticacid):fattyacid,phenol,benzoquinone.●C5unit(isoprene):terpenoidsandsteroids.●C6-C3unit:

coumarinandlignan,whichbelongtophenylpropanoids.●Aminoacidunit:

Alkaloids.

●Compositeunit:Constructedbytheaboveunits.2、Biosynthesis第19頁/共26頁Biosyntheticpathways●Innaturalproductschemistryfield,manyresearchersnoticedtherelationshipbetweenthestructuresofnaturalcompounds.Accordingly,theyhandinthehypothesisofbiosynthesis,someofwhichwerecertifiedbyisotopiclabelexperiments.Wecalledtheseasbiosyntheticpathways:●Acetate-malonatepathway(AA-MA,醋酸-丙二酸途徑)●Mevalonicacidpathway(MVA,甲戊二羥酸途徑)●Cinnamicacidandshikimicacidpathways

(桂皮酸及莽草酸途徑)●Aminoacidpathway(氨基酸途徑)●Compositepathway(復(fù)合途徑)2、Biosynthesis第20頁/共26頁Acetate-malonatepathway(AA-MA,醋酸-丙二酸途徑)乙酰輔酶A丙二酸單酰輔酶A[還原]NADPHNADP[縮合]+CH2COOHCOACPNADPHNADPCH3(CH2)nCOOH（脂肪酸）酚類和蒽醌類[縮合]第21頁/共26頁

1、Outline3、Extractandisolationmethods4、Structuralelucidationmethods2、BiosynthesisChapter1Introduction第22頁/共26頁Summary1、Thedefinitionandresearchcontentsofthissubject.

2、Moderntechniquesusedinnaturalproductsresearch.3、Fourdifferentbiosynthesispathways.第23頁/共26頁P(yáng)roblems1、WhatarethedefinitionandresearchcontentsofNaturalProductsChemistry?第24頁/共26頁1.楊世林,天然藥物化學(xué)[M],2010,科學(xué)出版社.2.PaulMDewick,MedicinalNaturalProducts[M],