高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練DayFourteen

高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練DayFourteenPassage1Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence（智力）intheanimalworld,self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware（意識(shí)）ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage（反射出的影像）.Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payinglittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest.“Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal,”saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFansB.M.deWaalofEmoryUniversity.Withtheirlargebrains,Reisssaid,elephants“seemedlikecousinstoapesanddolphins.”TheresearcherstestedHappy,MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.Theyputan8-foot-squaremirroronawalloftheanimals'playarea（outofthesightofzoovisitors）andrecordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit,andtoexaminepartsoftheirbodies.Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouchthemarkwithherlongnose.DianaReisssaid,“Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheirintelligenceinabetterway.”Whatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimals?Whethertheyhavelargebrains.Whethertheyhaveself-awareness.Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.Whydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetext?Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPatty?Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.Shepaintedamarkonherownface.Shefoundthehiddencamera.Passage2Onewaypeoplearerespondingtofoodsafetyconcernsisbygrowingtheirownfood.However,noteveryonelivesonpropertywithenoughspaceforaprivateplot.Onesolutioniscommunitygardens,whichhavebecomepopularworldwide,numbering18,000inNorthAmericaalone.Inadditiontoprovidinglow-cost,deliciousfood,thesepublicspacesoffercitiesarangeofotherbenefits.Communitygardensarelocatedinatownorcityandtendedbylocalresidents.Often,thelandisonavacantlotownedbythecity.Thesiteisdividedintomanageableplots,whichmaybetendedbyindividualsorbythegarden'smemberscollectively.Sincethelandisusuallypubliclyowned,thecostforgardenerstoleaseitisminimal.Infact,NewYorkCity,whichishometomorethan750communitygardenstendedbymorethan20,000members,chargespeoplejust\1ayeartoleaseaplot.Othercostsinvolvesoil,tools,seeds,fencing,andsoon.However,becausethey'resharedbymanypeople,individualgardenerspayverylittle.Acommunitygardencanquicklypayoff,intermsofdeliciousfruitsandvegetables,inadditiontobeautifulflowers.Excessproducecanbesoldforaprofitatfarmersmarkets.Butagarden'sbenefitdon'tstopthere.Theyalsobeautifycities,fosterstrongrelationshipsamongresidents,andloweranarea'scrimerate.Award-winningspaceslikeLondon'sCulpeperCommunityGardenevenattracttourists.Beautifulandaffordable,communitygardensareoftendescribedasoasesincrowdedcities.Communitygardensaredesignedforthosewho.areconcernedaboutfoodsafetyliveinahousewithaprivateplotcan'taffordtobuyorganicfooddon'thavetheirownpropertyNewYorkCity.isownedby20,000individualgardenerschargesresidentsalottoleasetoolsandfencingcontainsmorethan750communitygardensistendedbyprofessionalgardenersandlocalresidentsWhat'sthebenefitofcommunitygardens?Peoplecanenjoysafeanddeliciousvegetablesandanimalmeat.Residentsaremorefamiliarandrelatedwitheachother.Theneighborhoodisbecomingsaferbutoflowertaste.Peoplecanmakesomeprofitsfromthevisitingtourists.Theunderlinedword"oases"isclosestinmeaningto.culturalandartcenterspopularplatformsforexchangespeacefulandsafelandscommercialandprosperousplacesPassage3KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted"kingsdon'tgiveupthethrone王位）,theydieintheirsleep."ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.SodoestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchy君主制）isseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyles?TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarized,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabovemerepoliticsandsymbolizeaspiritofnationalunity.Itisthisapparenttranscendence（超越）ofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchscontinuingpopularityasheadsofstate.Andso,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-filledregionintheworld,with10kingdoms（notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra）.Mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistoryandsometimesthewaytheybehavetodaysymbolizesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisstrangethatwealthynoblefamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocratic（民主的）states.Themostsuccessfulmonarchiestrytheirbesttoabandonorhidetheiroldnobleways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses（orhelicopters）.Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediainterferencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain.usedtoenjoyhighpublicsupportwasunpopularamongEuropeanroyalseasedhisrelationshipwithhisrivalsgaveuphisthroneinembarrassmentMonarchsarekeptasheadsofstateinEuropemostly.owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatustoachieveabalancebetweentraditionandrealitytogivevotersmorepublicfigurestolookuptoduetotheireverlastingpoliticalsymbolizingWhichofthefollowingisshowntobestrange,accordingtoParagraph4?Thenoblefamilies'excessivedependenceoninheritedwealthTheroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocraciesThesimplelifestyleofthenoblefamiliesThenobility'sstickingtotheirprivilegesWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?Carlos,agoodexampleofAllEuropeanMonarchsEurope,themostmonarch-filledregionintheworldCarlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchsD.Europe,symbolicheartofmoderndemocracy.Passage4ManyofusknowaboutRussia,sLakeBaikalfromourtextbooks,orbylisteningtoChinesesingerLiJian,shitsong,LieBaikal.Butoverthepastdecade,theworld'sdeepestfreshwaterlakehasbeeninthespotlightforanextremesport.EachMarchsince2005,about150peoplefromaroundtheworldsignupfortheBaikalIceMarathon.Theycometoexplorethelake,sbreathtakingbeautyandchallengethemselvesinunpredictableconditions.The26-mile（41.84-kilometers）journeystartsonthelake,seasternshore.InMarch,theiceisameterthickandiron-hard.Runnerscrossthisfrozensurface,finishingonthewesternsideofthelake.Knownasthe“blueeyeofSiberia”,LakeBaikalhasexceptionallyclearwaters.Thismeansitsiceisalmostperfectlytransparent透明的）.“Seenfromabove,arunnerontheicelooksasifheorshewerejoggingthroughspace.”TheNewYorkTimesnoted.Thelandscapemightbebeautiful,butit,salsoharsh.Strongwindsblast（侵襲）acrossthelakeandfrostbitecanoccurwithinhalfanhour.Runnerssaythecoldclimateiswhatdrawsthem.Theywanttotesttheirlimits.“Whenyouareinsuchanenvironment,youdon,thavecarsaroundyou,andyoudon,thavethenoisearound.Ithinktheseextremeracesallowyoutobealonewithnature.”AlicjaBarahona,a64-year-oldrunnerfromtheUS,toldABCnews.Thelocationofferssomestrangeanduniquecharacteristicsforthismarathon.Thefinishinglineisvisiblefromthestart,buttheendlesswhiteoffersnoprogressmarkers.Theracealsoendswithlittlefanfare（隆重的歡迎）.Touristscrowdingtheicearemostlyaddictedtosnappingselfies（自拍）andjustignoretherunners.Forsomerunners,theabsenceofspectatorsmakestheracemorechallenging,becauseit,slonely.Theymustfightwiththemselves.“YouarealoneonBaikal.Itisyourrace.Youarealonewithyourself.Allyouneedtodoistodefeatyourself.”VeroniqueMessina,aFrenchrunner,toldtheTelegraph.WhatcanweknowabouttheBaikalIceMarathonfromthearticle?Ittakesrunnersfromthenorthernendtothesouthernendofthelake.Itinvolvesextremeweatherandbeautifulscenery.Itattractsmoreandmoreparticipantseachyear.Itisabout26kilometersinlength.HowdoestheBaikalIceMarathondifferfromothermarathons?Onlymenareallowedtoruninthisrace.Therunnersareoftendistractedbytourists.Therearemanyprogressmarkersontheice.Therunnerscanseethefinishinglinefromthestart.WhatisthemostchallengingpartoftheraceforMessina?A.Thecoldclimate.B.Thelongdistance.C.Noisysurroundings.D.Loneliness.Howmanyreasonsarelistedtoshowtheloneliness?A.5.B.4.C.3.D.2.Passage5TheZHotelisintheheartofLondon,sWestEndandhascomfortableaccommodationinacontemporarydesign.Allroomsincludehandcraftedbeds,48-inchSamsungHDTVswithfreeSkySportsandMoviechannels,andfreeWi-Fi.Eachroomalsohasunder-bedstorageforanovernightbag,andwall-mountedhangingspaceforclothing.TheZHotelalsoofferswheelchairaccessiblerooms.ContinentalbreakfastisservedinTheZCafeeverymorning,includingsmokedsalmon,freshbread,freshfruitsaladandbaconrolls.Aselectionofsalads,sandwichesandhotdishesareonofferthroughouttheday.Thehotelisa5-minutewalkfromPrinceofWalesTheatreandChinatownLondon,LeicesterSquare,PiccadillyCircusandTrafalgarSquare.HeathrowAirportcanbereacheddirectlyfromPiccadillyCircusUndergroundStation.Thisisourguests,favoritepartofLondon,accordingtoindependentreviews.Thisareaisalsogreatforshopping,withpopularbrandsnearby:Apple,H&M,Zara,BurberryandChanel.TheZHotelisratedforthebestvalueinLondon!Guestsaregettingmorefortheirmoneywhencomparedtootherhotelsinthiscity.Comeandstaywithus!Mostpopularfacilities:?luggagestorage ?Heating ?FreeWi-Fi?Airconditioning?24-hourfrontdesk ?Dailymaidservice ?Parking?LiftPrices:RoomtypePricesOptionsDoubleroom--non-smoking￡179?Non-refundable（不退款）?GoodBreakfast￡9.50TwinRoom--non-smoking￡185?Non-refundable?GoodBreakfast￡9.50QueenRoom--disabilityaccess￡219?Payatthehotel(noprepaymentneeded)?GoodBreakfastincludedWhenstayinginthishotel,youwillenjoyallofthefollowingEXCEPTA.freeWi-FiB.aTVwithsomefreechannelsC.airportpick-upserviceD.under-bedstoragespaceIfamaninawheelchairwantstostayinthishotelfortwonights,heshouldpay.A.￡438B.￡404C.￡358D.￡370Fromthepassagewecanlearn.thehotelisclosetoHeathrowAirportthehotelservesChinese-stylebreakfastthehotelisgoodvalueforguests,moneythereisashopwithpopularbrandsinthehotel參考答案Passage1B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案在第二段第一句話“Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage.”。D推理判斷題。文中有兩處提到猿猴和海豚，第一處在第二段 “Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.”第二處在第四段“亞讓卜theirlargebrains,Reisssaid,elephants‘seemedlikecousinstoapesanddolphins'.”。第二段提到猿猴和海豚是聰明的動(dòng)物，可以認(rèn)出鏡子中自己的形象；而第四段提到有著很大大腦的大象似乎是猿猴和海豚的近親，因此可以得出，大象也是聰明的動(dòng)物，所以D為正確選項(xiàng)。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案在倒數(shù)第二段第一句"Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.”這一實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的就是測(cè)試動(dòng)物能否認(rèn)出鏡子中自己的形象，一只叫做Happy的大象通過(guò)了這一實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以B為正確選項(xiàng)。Passage2A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位到第一段：Onewaypeoplearerespondingtofoodsafetyconcernsisbygrowingtheirownfood.However,noteveryonelivesonpropertywithenoughspaceforaprivateplot.Onesolutioniscommunitygarden。由關(guān)鍵詞所在句子可知，communitygarden是為那些擔(dān)心食品安全的人設(shè)計(jì)的，故答案為A。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位到第二段：Infact,NewYorkCity,whichishometomorethan750communitygardenstendedbymorethan20000members由關(guān)鍵詞所在句子可知，事實(shí)上，紐約是750多個(gè)社區(qū)花園的種植園，有20000多個(gè)成員，所以答案選C。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合原文可知：Theyalsobeautifycities,fosterstrongrelationshipsamongresidents,andloweranarea'scrimerate是相關(guān)內(nèi)容。由關(guān)鍵詞所在句子可知，它們還美化城市，促進(jìn)居民之間的牢固關(guān)系，降低一個(gè)地區(qū)的犯罪率，這些都是communitygardens的好處，故答案為B。C猜詞題。本題定位句在最后一段Beautifulandaffordable,communitygardensareoftendescribedasoasesincrowdedcities.根據(jù)最后一段的句子f051?1strongrelationshipsamongresidents,andloweranarea'scrimerate",他們還美化城市，培養(yǎng)居民之間的牢固關(guān)系，降低地區(qū)犯罪率，"Award-winningspaceslikeLondon'sCulpeperCommunityGardenevenattracttouristsBeautifulandaffordable",像倫敦的庫(kù)爾佩珀花園社區(qū)甚至吸引游客，漂亮又實(shí)惠。communitygardens應(yīng)該是描繪成城市里的祥和安全的地方，所以答案選C。Passage3D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段embarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown,可知尷尬的丑聞和共和的風(fēng)行結(jié)束了Carlos退位。故選D。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Monarchs和headsofstate,可定位文章第三段theyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure,可知?dú)W洲國(guó)家王室留下來(lái)的原因是他們可以讓選民們不用去艱苦地尋找一個(gè)不受爭(zhēng)議、受到尊敬的公眾人物的形象，給選民以精神寄托。故選A。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段wealthynoblefamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocratic民主的）states.此處“should''意為"竟然"，表示很奇怪，可知有錢的貴族家庭居然仍然是現(xiàn)代民主國(guó)家的核心象征。故選B。C主旨題之最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文