高考上海卷英語(yǔ)試題解析(精編版)(解析版)

2014年全國(guó)普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海英語(yǔ)第I卷（103分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.policewoman.B.Ajudge.C.Areporter.D.Awaitress.2.A.Confident.B.Puzzled.C.Satisfied.D.Worried.3.A.Atarestaurant.3.A.Atarestaurant.C.Inabank.D.Inadrivingschool.C.Inabank.4.A.Adisaster.B.Anewroof.C.Aperformance.4.A.Adisaster.B.Anewroof.C.Aperformance.D.ATVstation.5.A.Catchth?train.5.A.Catchth?train.C.Ge"跋tiltB.M&e:Jane.D.C；:an+'iGtaxkvard.

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D.Gelhercomputerrepaired.D.Sympathetic.A.Amused.B.Embarrassed.C.Shocked.D.Sympathetic.A.Shedoesn'tplantocontinuestudyingnextyear.Shehasalreadytoldthemanaboutherplan.

Sheisn’tplanningtoleaveheruniversity.Sherecentlyvisitedadifferentuniversity.A.Itspokehighlyofthemayor. B.Itmisinterpretedthemayor’sspeech.C.Itmadethemayor’sviewclearer. D.Itearnedthemayor’sspeechaccurately.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.7011.A.70B.20 C.25.D.75A.Thehousestherecan'tbe B.Itisaplaceforworkandholiday.C.hecabinsandfacilitiesD.Itisrunbytheresidentsthemselves.A.Askiing B.AspecialcommunityC.Asplendidmountain D.AsuccessfulbusinesswomanQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.A.Thosewhooftensenttextmessages.C.Thosewhodidnophysicalexercise.A.Thosewhooftensenttextmessages.C.Thosewhodidnophysicalexercise.A.Theyrespondedmoreslowlythanusual.C.Theytyped10percentfasteronaverage.A.Whychemicaltherapyworks.WhymarriagehelpsfightcantHowunmarriedpeoplesurviveHowcancerisdetectedaftermarriage.SectionCB.Thosewhosufferedfromheartdisease.D.whosewhowereunmarriedB.Theysentmoremessages.D.Theyeditedmorepassages.Directions:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.tjreler<rutieySheetTravel[impose:f「卡加，_^2出1，「皿口口Commeatson(heairporteai-ii'on^'vnt.facilities:Likes: 1 -Cl <一曲一 )Disliker ?__shops'塞葭"■口UeywBlanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Whatiscriticalthinkinginreading?Assessingthewriter'sideasandthinkingaboutthe21ofwhatthewriterissaying.Whatisthefirststepinreadinganacademictextcritically?Findingouttheargumentandthewriter'smainlineof22.Whatmayserveastheevidence?23,surveyresults,examples,etc.Whatisthekeytocriticalthinking?Toreadactivelyand24.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)MyStayinNewYorkAftergraduationfromuniversity,Ihadbeenunabletosecureapermanentjobinmysmalltown.SoIdecidedtoleavehomeforNewYork,(25) Imighthaveabetterchancetofindagoodjob.(26) (earn)somemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalocalcafeasawaiter.Ibelievethat(27) Iwasofferedagoodposition,Iwouldresignatonce.Overtime,thehighcostoflivingbecamealittleburdenonmyalready(28) (exhaust)shoulder.Ontheotherhand,mysearchforarespectablejobhadnotmetwithmuchsuccess.AsIhadstudiedliteratureatuniversity,Ifounditquitedifficulttosecureasuitablejobinbigcompanies.Motherhadjustsaidthat(29) Iwanttohaveabettercareeradvancement,Ihadtofindworkinthecity.Perhaps(30) mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyrootedinmymind.Ijustdidasshehadexpected.SoonIhadlivedinthecityforoversixmonthsbutIstilldidnotlikeit.Apparently,Ihaddifficulty(31) (adapt)myselftolifeinthecity,letalonefindingajobtomydelight.Afterninemonthsoffrustration,Ieventuallydecidedtogobacktomysmalltown.NotuntilIreturned(32) Irealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme.【答案】【小題1】where【小題2】Toearn【小題3】assoonas/aslongas【小題4】exhausted【小題5】if【小題d]what【小題7]adapting【小題811解析】試題分析；文章介紹作者大學(xué)畢業(yè)后為了有機(jī)會(huì)找到更好的工作.到了秋的，臨時(shí)在一個(gè)咖啡店做服務(wù)員，但是一直都沒有再找到適合的工作，生活的壓力庾他疲憊，最終回到原來(lái)的小鎮(zhèn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)這才是最適合自己的.【小題口我決定到紐約，在那里就可能會(huì)有沆會(huì)找到工好的工:…這里使用定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是*門一丁口雙定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where引導(dǎo)定港11句.【小題2】為了掙錢付日常開耨，我開始在當(dāng)?shù)乜Х鹊曜龇?wù)員.這里用不定式蜩明狀語(yǔ)，埴losmi【小題訂我相信只要找被提供一個(gè)好的網(wǎng)位，我就立初/醺.考查連詞："只要，一旦"arwn石as：ongai::n【小題4過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，高生活成本在龍L經(jīng)疲量的口膀成了一?負(fù)擔(dān).考查形容詞■??！龅亩拘☆}5】螞媽說(shuō)過(guò),如果我想有個(gè)更好的事業(yè)的進(jìn)步?我就得到城市里面找工作口這里需要連詞做口果工【小題6】媽媽說(shuō)的話深深的扎根到我的思想中了口Whai引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句口[小題7]很顯然我適應(yīng)城市的生活有困難口這里使用了have出ffku：iy工doing熟所以填制名詞；adagtins【小題G直到我回來(lái)我才發(fā)現(xiàn)安靜的小鼠生活對(duì)我才是最好的.X-tunt1放在句首，后面的主句要倒裝.用助動(dòng)詞出d提到主語(yǔ)前面口考點(diǎn)：考查故事類短文(B)Thegiantvendingmachine(自動(dòng)售貨機(jī))isanewvillageshopVillagershavelongbeenusedtofacingadrivewhentheyrunoutofbasicsupplies.However,helpisnownearerathandinformofthecountry’sfirstautomaticpush-buttonshop.NowresidentsintheDerbyshireVillageofCliftoncanbuygroceriesaroundtheclockafterthehugevendingwasinstalledoutsideapubinthevillagethisweek.PeterFox,whois(33) electricalengineer,spenttwoandahalfyearsworkingontheproject.Themachine(34) (equip)withsecuringcamerasandalarmsandlookslikeaminishopwithabrickfront,agreyroofandadisplaywindow.Mr.Foxsaidhehopedhisinvention,(35) issettobeinstalledinothervillagesintheareaoverthecomingmonths,willmarkareturntoconvenienceshoppingforruralcommunities.Hesaid:“IhadthisideaafewyearsagobutIcouldn’tfindamanufacturewhocoulddeliverwhatIwanted,soIdiditby(36) .Theresultiswhatamountstohugeoutdoorvendingmachine.YetIthinktheterm“automaticshop”isfar(37) (appropriate)Inrecentyears,thecommercialpressurefromsupermarketchains(38) forcevillageshopsacrossthecountrytoclose.In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,(39) (urge)thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostrugglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitiesstores.Hundredsofcommunitieshavesincesteppedinandopeneduptheirwonvolunteer-runshops,butMr.Foxhopeshisnewinventionwillofferasolution(40) thesevillageswithoutalocalshop.【答窠】[小題1]an【小題2]isequipped【小題MV.-11Z：11【小題4】myself【小題1n:ai±appropr：at?【小題Ghasforctd【小題:】Lirg運(yùn)【小題8]to【解析】試題分析；一個(gè)電力工程師花了兩年半的時(shí)間四寺一二：占，在沒苻商店的村子安裝自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)，想給沒有商店的村子提供一個(gè)解決的方法.【小題4一個(gè)電力工程師花了兩年半的時(shí)間從事運(yùn)T項(xiàng)目.返里考查冠詞，泛指；;一個(gè)電力工程師，用不定冠詞，a.ectr】uhd是元音開頭的單詞，所叱吊皿.【小題2】這個(gè)機(jī)器配備有安全攝像機(jī)和警報(bào)口考查詢組嘈己管有..「人的u中pM也由；因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是單數(shù)，所以用”equipped【小題：]這句話用了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是inventon,定看從句中缺少主語(yǔ)用式正由引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句【小題4】根據(jù)上文的句子：可知沒有生產(chǎn)商愿意將他的想法生產(chǎn)出來(lái)，所以他就自己做了.考查詞組byan?s?lf,獨(dú)自'埴myselfr小題5］我想用,,自動(dòng)商店;這個(gè)名字更d'適口Fai后面接形容詞的比段級(jí)；n^oreappropriate［小題G近幾年，來(lái)自超市連鎖店的壓力二線迫使已向商店式」J，實(shí)際上t比和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是「室業(yè)小所以謂語(yǔ)是單數(shù)：啦能工【小題71估計(jì)有4m家鄉(xiāng)村商店關(guān)閉了，強(qiáng)烈要求政府提供疑濟(jì)支持給這些瀕臨倒閉的商店或是建立新的社區(qū)商店.這里用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)：吟唱【小題口F以先生希望這個(gè)新的發(fā)明給沒有隹H的村子提供一個(gè)解決的方法.使用詞組口f似地t口正所以埴to著點(diǎn)：考查日常生活類運(yùn)文SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.alertB.classifyC.commitD.delicatelyE.gentleF.imposeG.labelsH.moderationI.relieveJ.signalsK.simplyLet'ssayyou'vedecidedyouwanttoeatmorehealthfully.However,youdon'thavetimetocarefullyplanmenusformealsorreadfood__41__atthesupermarket.Sinceyoureally__42__yourselftoahealthierlifestyle,alittlehelpwouldcomeinhandy,wouldn'tit?Thisiswherea"choicearchitect"canhelp__43__someoftheburdenofdoingitallyourself.Choicearchitectsarepeoplewhoorganizethecontextsinwhichcustomersmakedecisions.Forexample,thepersonwhodecidesthelayoutofyourlocalsupermarket-includingwhichshelfthepeanutbuttergoeson,andhowtheorangesarepiledup—isachoicearchitect.Governmentsdon'thaveto__44__healthierlifestylesthroughlawsforexample,smokingbans.Rather,ifgivenanenvironmentcreatedbyachoicearchitect-onethatencouragesustochoosewhatisbest-wewilldotherightthings.Inotherwords,therewillbedesignsthatgentlypushcustomerstowardmakinghealthierchoices,withoutremovingfreedomofchoice.Thisideacombinesfreedomtochoosewith__45__hintsfromchoicearchitects,whoaimtohelppeoplelivelonger,healthier,andhappierlives.TheBritishandSwedishgovernmentshaveintroducedaso-called"trafficlightsystem"to__46__foodsashealthyorunhealthy.Thismeansthatcustomerscanseeataglancehowmuchfat,sugar,andsalteachproductcontains__47__bylookingatthelightsonthepackage.Agreenlight__48__thattheamountsofthethreenutrientsarehealthy;yellowindicatesthatthecustomershouldbe__49__;andredmeansthatthefoodishighinatleastoneofthethreenutrientsandshouldbeeatenin__50__.Thecustomerisgivenimportanthealthinformation,butisstillfreetodecidewhattochoose.【答案】【小題1】G【小題2】C【小題3】I【小題4】F【小題5】E【小題6】B【小題7】K【小題8】J【小題9】A【小題10】H【解析】試題分析：文章介紹人們都希望有健康的生活方式和飲食，但是沒有時(shí)間計(jì)劃，這里介紹了兩種方法，一種是, :"axchh式廣，還有一種是“交通燈系統(tǒng)::□【小題□你沒有時(shí)間仔細(xì)計(jì)劃菜單和閱讀超市的食品標(biāo)簽.這里需要名詞:標(biāo)簽:心心，所以選G.【小題二】既然你真正的想致力于健康的生f古方式，,-點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小的宿助都是很方便的口考查詞組:tcirr兀：1oneself匕觸.致力于，所以選。【小題訂這里有一個(gè)壬arth/r戈廣可以津巴你緩斛J己彼遂干事的負(fù)擔(dān)。這里需要?jiǎng)釉~??減輕:丁三安一其所以選二【小題4】政府不會(huì)通過(guò)法律弼加健康的工活方式，七W要?jiǎng)釉~“強(qiáng)加：：mp口短，所以選？【小題:討艮據(jù)上文的事mly可知這個(gè)想法是將上上）的選擇和加工：aichic-cT的溫柔的駝心暗示結(jié)合起來(lái)，選E【小題6】英國(guó)和瑞曲政府已經(jīng)介紹了所謂的:士通燈系紇”來(lái)將食物;丁類為健康或不犍康.這里使用動(dòng)詞::分類飛的研ty,所以選b【小題71消費(fèi)者通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的看看包裝上的燈就可以看見產(chǎn)品包含的脂肪糖和鹽，這里需要副詞虱mpt簡(jiǎn)單地，所以選M【小題。綠色的燈表示這三種營(yíng)養(yǎng)的含量是健康的.這里需要?jiǎng)釉~■?發(fā)信號(hào)，表示工印以所以選J【小題9】黃燈表示消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該警覺了。這里使用形容詞“警覺的"alert"，所以選A【小題10】紅燈表示這些食物至少有一種營(yíng)養(yǎng)是含量很高的，所以應(yīng)該被適當(dāng)?shù)氖秤?。考查名詞“適度”moderation，所以選H考點(diǎn)：考查健康類短文ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Researchhasshownthattwo-thirdsofhumanconversationistakenupnotwithdiscussionoftheculturalorpoliticalproblemsoftheday,notheateddebatesaboutfilmswe'vejustwatchedorbookswe'vejustfinishedreading,butplainandsimple__51__.Languageisourgreatesttreasureasaspecies,andwhatdowe__52__dowithit?Wegossip.Aboutothers'behaviourandprivatelives,suchaswho'sdoingwhatwithwhom,who'sinandwho'sout-andwhy;howtodealwithdifficult__53__situationsinvolvingchildren,lovers,andcolleagues.Sowhyarewekeenongossiping?Arewejustnatural__54__,ofbothtimeandwords?Ordowetalkalotaboutnothinginparticularsimplytoavoidfacinguptothereallyimportantissuesoflife?It'snotthecaseaccordingtoProfessorRobinDunbar.Infact,inhislatestbook,Grooming,GossipandtheEvolutionofLanguage,thepsychologistsaysgossipisoneofthesereally__55__issues.Dunbar__56__thetraditionalviewthatlanguagewasdevelopedbythemenattheearlystageofsocialdevelopmentinordertoorganizetheirmanlyhuntingactivitiesmoreeffectively,oreventopromotetheexchangeofpoeticstoriesabouttheiroriginsandthesupernatural.Insteadhesuggeststhatlanguageevolvedamongwomen.Wedon'tspendtwo-thirdsofourtimegossipingjustbecausewecantalk,arguesDunbar—__57__,hegoesontosay,languageevolvedspecificallytoallowustogossip.Dunbararrivedathischeerytheorybystudyingthe_58—ofthehigherprimates（靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物）likemonkeys.Bymeansofgrooming--cleaningthefurbybrushingit,monkeysformgroupswithotherindividualsonwhomtheycanrelyforsupportintheeventofsomekindofconflictwithinthegroupor__59__fromoutsideit.Aswehumanbeingsevolvefromaparticularbranchoftheprimatefamily,Dunbar__60__thatatonetimeinourhistorywedidmuchthesame.Groupingtogethermadesensebecausethebiggerthegroup,thegreaterthe__61__itprovided;ontheotherhand,thebiggerthegroup,thegreaterthestressesoflivingclosetoothers.

Groominghelpedto__62__thepressureandcalmeverybodydown.Butasthegroupsgotbiggerandbigger,theamountoftimespentingroomingactivitiesalsohadtobe__63__tomaintainitseffectiveness.Clearly,amore__64__kindofgroomingwasneeded,andthuslanguageevolvedasakindofvocal（有聲的）groomingwhichallowedhumanstodeveloprelationshipwithever-largergroupsbyexchanginginformationoverawidernetworkofindividualsthanwouldbepossiblebyone-to-one__65__contact.【小題1】A.claimB.descriptionC.gossipD.language【小題2】A.occasionallyB.habituallyC.independentlyD.originally【小題3】A.socialB.politicalC.historicalD.cultural【小題4】A.admirersB.mastersC.usersD.wasters【小題5】A.vitalB.sensitiveC.idealD.difficult【小題6】A.confirmsB.rejectsC.outlinesD.broadens【小題7】A.forinstanceB.inadditionC.onthecontraryD.asaresult【小題8】A.motivationB.appearanceC.emotionD.behaviour【小題9】A.attackB.contactC.inspectionD.assistance【小題10】A.recallsB.deniesC.concludesD.confesses【小題11】A.prospectB.responsibilityC.leadershipD.protection【小題12】A.measureB.showC.maintainD.ease【小題13】A.savedB.extendedC.consumedD.gained【小題14】A.commonB.efficientC.scientificD.Thoughtful【小題15】A.indirectB.dailyC.physicalD.secret【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】D【小題5】A【小題6】B【小題7】C【小題8】D【小題9】A【小題10】C【小題11】D【小題12】D【小題13】B【小題14】B【小題15】C【解析】成題分析：研究表明人們的語(yǔ)言大多數(shù)不是重大的話題討論和研究，而很多是閑言碎語(yǔ)，這些閑言碎語(yǔ)是不是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間呢，M此MDunbar教授不是這樣認(rèn)為的，他認(rèn)為閑言辭語(yǔ)是非常重要的，是人類發(fā)展過(guò)程中韭常重要的交流形式.【小題1】C考查名詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.宣稱3描述，匚闈話，。.語(yǔ)言，根據(jù)上文的句子：可知我們?nèi)祟惖拇蠖鄶?shù)對(duì)話不是文化的，政治的問(wèn)題，也不是關(guān)于電影和樹的討論，而就是簡(jiǎn)單的閑言辭語(yǔ),R/iairhhas：hov.nthattv.-ci-rhirdiofhimianconveriatzcm工tal^nupnotv.\thdiscussiano;th:culturalarpsltt.:alprobkn;softheda；-r.edth^ats-d.debatesaboutIms口三二:_u>t'-vat；hedarbook；口三飛三.ustfin；ihedreadins下文多次出現(xiàn)go濟(jì)中這個(gè)詞，所以選J【小題U3考查副詞辨析口四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是:A,瑞然地，。習(xí)慣地，J獨(dú)立地，。最初地，根據(jù)上一句，1anguaseisoursreate-sttreamampe比明語(yǔ)言是我們峻&一小物種的最偉大的財(cái)寶，我們習(xí)慣怎么庾用它？所以選工【小題3】A考查形容詞辨析.匹個(gè)選項(xiàng)的企工分別是：“二飛國(guó)，R政治的，C歷史的，D.文化的，根據(jù)下文的：如力,由也二出犯：環(huán)塔31_138二廿增1釁4二二卜，襄人和弓事這些都是社會(huì)形勢(shì)，所以選a【小題4】D考查名詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義。別是:且.仲菊者，民王人，C.使用者，Q浪費(fèi)者，根據(jù)上文,Sov.-hyarev.-^k^n皿典"Qng溉們?yōu)槭茬巯矚g說(shuō)些閑言碎語(yǔ)，因?yàn)槲覀兪菚r(shí)間和語(yǔ)言的浪費(fèi)者嗎？所以選Do【小題口A考查形容詞辨析口四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是；京.至關(guān)重要的，;觸感的，C.理想的，。困難的，根據(jù)上文的介紹，二tjnotthecas?accordingta?rof?isorRobinDunbai.可知Rol\nDimtiar教授不認(rèn)為我們是限費(fèi)時(shí)間，而認(rèn)為閑言碎語(yǔ)是最重要的事情，所以選4【小題仃3考查動(dòng)詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是?式.證實(shí)，3反對(duì)，匚概述，略述，畫輪廓，打草圖3拓寬，根據(jù)上下文可知MmInn皿匕如教授是反對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的關(guān)于語(yǔ)言是在大類社會(huì)發(fā)展初期在組織打獵的時(shí)候發(fā)展起來(lái)的這個(gè)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)，所以選二1小題二】C考查詞組辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.例如，3.此外，匚相反的，口因此，根據(jù)上文的句子：Insteadhesuggeststhatlanguageevolvedamongwomen.Wedon'tspendtwo-thirdsofourtimegossipingjustbecausewecantalk,可知：正相反的是，語(yǔ)言進(jìn)化是是讓我們說(shuō)些閑言碎語(yǔ)的，所以選C。【小題8］D考查名詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A動(dòng)機(jī)，艮外表，出現(xiàn)，C.情感，D行為，根據(jù)下文的描述3vmeansofgrooming可知教授是通過(guò)研究靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物的行為得出這個(gè)令人高興的理論的，所以選D-【小題外A考查名詞辨析口四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是；A.進(jìn)攻，3.聯(lián)系，C.視察，D.幫助，根據(jù)上文的conf-ct可知猴子和其他的個(gè)體形成群體來(lái)獲得在內(nèi)部沖突事件中或來(lái)自外界的進(jìn)攻時(shí)的支持，所以選Ao【小題1月匚考查動(dòng)詞辨析口四個(gè)選互的含義分別是:A.回想，3否認(rèn)，二下結(jié)論，結(jié)束，。，承認(rèn)，聆聽（某人的）懺悔，這句話的意思是；教授下結(jié)吟說(shuō)，我「在歷史」瞑過(guò)相似的事情，所以選G［小題11］二考查名詞辨析-四個(gè)選師的含義分別是:A.，前景，期望，眺望處，景象，三責(zé)任,匚領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，D,保護(hù)f根據(jù)下文的；onih:oihexhand,thebiggaih:gioup,thegrcaierthe中cskscflivingckseto□出■,可知因?yàn)槿后w越大，獲得的保護(hù)就越大，所以二D.【小題D考查動(dòng)詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含VC別是：▲衡口.二.展示，匚保持，3緩解，根據(jù)上文：口IIthscitherhand.thelingerth?g口up；thmgt■如討th亡父f「二.一vm”：o三/h十一群體越大，生活在一起的壓力就越大，梳理毛發(fā)可以緩解壓力，讓每個(gè)人都泠新3來(lái)，所以選二【小題1三】m考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.拯敕，M延伸，延長(zhǎng)，匚消費(fèi)，消耗，3獲得,隨著群體越來(lái)越大，花在打扮上的時(shí)間就要二長(zhǎng)來(lái)維B四的效果所以選三【小題14】E考查形容詞辨析.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：.工.常見的，普遍的，E.有效的，C科學(xué)的，D考慮周到的，根據(jù)上文的日加樂(lè)也任可知這里是需要一個(gè)更加有效的梳理毛發(fā).所以選二【小題考查形容詞辨析口四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義分別是；A.間接的，3.日常的，C.物理的，身體的，二秘密的，語(yǔ)言演變成了有聲的梳理毛發(fā)，它可以讓人們通過(guò)比一對(duì)一的日常交簫更多的人群中交換信息，這樣可以和更大的群體■發(fā)展關(guān)系，所以選?？键c(diǎn)：考查科普類短文SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Natureagree?manyanimals,Dishonestybodiesand(A)Natureagree?manyanimals,DishonestybodiesandMostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherAnimalscan'ttalk,butcantheylieinotherways?Cantheyliewiththeirbehavior?Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatfrombirdstochimpanzees,behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?oftenhelpsthemsurvive.Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator(獵食動(dòng)物)getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe"hurt"adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?Theydon'tmakenests.Instead,theygetintootherbirds'nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andtheydon'tneedtosharetheirfood.Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying"Youcan'tfoolMotherNature."Butmaybeyoucan'ttrusther,either.【小題1】Aploverprotectsitsyoungfromapredatorby.A.gettingclosertoitsyoung B.drivingawaytheadultpredatorC.leavingitsyounginanothernest D.pretendingtobeinjured【小題2】By"Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky"(paragraph5),theauthormeans.A.chimpsarereadytoattackothers B.chimpsaresometimesdishonestC.chimpsarejealousofthewinners D.chimpscanbeselfishtoo【小題3】Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Somechimpslowertheircrytokeepfoodawayfromothers.Thelosingchimpwonthefightbytakingthewinner'shand.Cuckoosfooltheiradoptiveparentsbymakingnonests.Somecleverscrubjaysoftenstealtheirfoodback.【小題4】Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?Doanimalslie? B.DoesMotherNaturefoolanimals?C.Howdoanimalslearntolie?D.Howdoeshonestyhelpanimalssurvive?C.Howdoanimalslearntolie?【答案】【小題133【小題二】3【小題3］A【小題41A【解析】試題分析：文章通過(guò)舉了一些鳥類和大猩墀二」例子，遵明動(dòng)物癥時(shí)會(huì)儆謊，這也是它們生存的需要?！拘☆}1］細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第二段的第二句話：??a"_lth?pKj pretendstabehint-.norderto9口［近心管電且可知啄木鳥保護(hù)孩子不受獵食動(dòng)物侵害是通過(guò)假裝受傷，所以選Dn【小題二】句意理解題：根據(jù)第五段的最后一個(gè)句子?「drianimal哭pertmmv；a:。文鳴:himptakm1出rnn"shandandEtart迦ht：n烏唔加n.一個(gè)輸了的…應(yīng)涯抓住獲勝的大猩猩的手又開始打斗了，可知這句話的意思是大猩猩也可能不誠(chéng)實(shí)，所以選丞【小題門細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)文章第六段的句子:Eu"刈也之diT.rchimps.1.irnta softlywh?nth?yiinifoodThatwayotli？r:hin;pidonth?arth：mandtheydamnzFto由arz也門由乂可知一些大猩猩放低它們的叫聲，這樣讓別的大猩猩得不到食物，所以選a.【小題41K題確定題:根據(jù)全篇文章的內(nèi)容和第一段第二行的句子,Canth等^■jhth^rhodie；and虻歸二仇”可知這篇文章講的是動(dòng)物也會(huì)撒謊，選A考點(diǎn)；考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文(B)I鸚g或NEWYEAR'SRESOLUTIONTHATLASTSTHEHABITLOOPyoumakethathappen?Considerputtingthehabitlooptouse.Here*showitworks:LeaveyourrunningshoesbyibcdoorWhatWiffm^rtdyoutogotothegym??jSetyouraiaxmJApieoeofrJj.Onlioflchatting1forhalfaAhourJWhatmotivatesAhabitisa3-stepprocess.First,there'sacue,somethingthattellsbraintooperateautomatically.Thenthere'saroutine.Andfinally,areward,whichhelpsyourbrainlearntodesirethebehavior.It'swhatyoucanusetocreate-or產(chǎn)..，「FindanexerciseIY?ii needALLofthcMtonmkrgood。,

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Good?f>eOaiwortra.forthisrewind了AmIeagerI~Adiqrtcrof!YHarryPoittrjTHEHABITLOOPyoumakethathappen?Considerputtingthehabitlooptouse.Here*showitworks:LeaveyourrunningshoesbyibcdoorWhatWiffm^rtdyoutogotothegym??jSetyouraiaxmJApieoeofrJj.Onlioflchatting1forhalfaAhourJWhatmotivatesAhabitisa3-stepprocess.First,there'sacue,somethingthattellsbraintooperateautomatically.Thenthere'saroutine.Andfinally,areward,whichhelpsyourbrainlearntodesirethebehavior.It'swhatyoucanusetocreate-or產(chǎn)..，「FindanexerciseIY?ii needALLofthcMtonmkrgood。,

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Good?f>eOaiwortra.forthisrewind了AmIeagerI~Adiqrtcrof!YHarryPoittrjyourbreak-habitsofyourown.Yourem|Doyouactuatfy_1■p?wiwwhabitHere*showtoapplyit:Chooseacue,likeleavingyourrunningshoesbythedoor,thenpick.reward-say,apieceofchocolatewhenyougethomefromthegym.CarryOuttheThatinordertoWrited?wBmotivatesyou.NowdttitfPosttfajgplanwhereywiwiU呂eit.Tryitforaweek.Thacikinlaficrway,thecueandtherewardbecomeinterconnected.Finally,theshoes,yourbrainwillstartwhenyouthatthewssytnimplYear'avesnlseelongingforthereward,whichwillLet*ssayyouwanttohitthegymmoreregularlythisyear.Howdomakeiteasiertoworkoutdayafterday.Thebestpart?Inacoupleofweeks,youwon'tneedthechocolateatall.Yourbrainwillcometoseetheworkoutitselfasthereward.Whichisthewholepoint,right?【小題1】Whichofthefollowingbestfitsintheboxwitha“？”inTHEHABITLOOP?A.Pickanewcue.B.Formanewhabit.A.Pickanewcue.B.Formanewhabit.C.Chooseanewreward.D.Designanewresolution.C.Chooseanewreward.D.Designanewresolution.【小題2】AccordingtoTHEHABITLOOP,youcansticktoyourplanmosteffectivelybyA.changingtheroutineC.adjustingyourgoalA.changingtheroutineC.adjustingyourgoalB.tryingitforaweekD.writingitdown【小題3】.What'sthepurposeofputtingthehabitlooptouse?A.Totestoutdifferentkindsofcues.Todosomethingasahabitevenwithoutrewards.ToworkoutthebestNewYear'sresolution.Tomotivateyourselfwithsatisfactoryrewards.【小題4】“ThisyearwhenIseetheHarryPotterposter,Iwillread30pagesofanEnglishnoveloranEnglishnewspaperinordertowatchTVforhalfanhour."Whatisthecueinthisresolution?TheHarryPotterposter.Reading30pagesofanEnglishnovel.AnEnglishnewspaper.WatchingTVforhalfanhour.【答案】【小題1]C【小題213【小題簿B【小題4]A【解析】試題分析：文章用圖文并茂的形式球港忘樣在新工一年制定一個(gè)新的決心，從姓索到實(shí)施到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，最終要做到?jīng)]有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)也能將它變成習(xí)慣.【小題□推理題：根據(jù)文章圖表里面內(nèi)容的勺子：如果對(duì)二個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不滿意，可以選擇一個(gè)新的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，Chciom?aiimc/ard最適合ThsHMt二。邛里面的有問(wèn)號(hào)的方.所以選C-【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)文章圖表的下方左邊的方框：可知根據(jù)TheH鋼tLgp所說(shuō)，你可以通過(guò)將計(jì)劃寫下來(lái)從而更有效的堅(jiān)持這個(gè)計(jì)劃，所以選ZL【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題！根據(jù)文章最后一段的人」于！二n31.皿I*3：youv.-ontn??iTh?7113cotat?atal'.Yourlirain儲(chǔ)二匚口①曰to正sth?workoutK史If旺th?，,一口出也可第1史用The丁ZktN邛的目的是甚至沒有回報(bào)都可以將一些事情當(dāng)成習(xí)慣做，所以選三【小題4】推理題；根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容,Ahabitis25-it?pptocess,三疊t：thz':sa?u?;ion;etli：n^that建二三yomtraxto口p"/a.uismat:加1y.Thkthef"af如t：m.Andfinelyar”ard；可知在新年里面T7新的決心，先要有線索,然后是常規(guī)做法，最后是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，這里看見哈利波特的海報(bào)屬于線索，所以選A考點(diǎn)：考查日常生活美短文（C）Ifyoucouldbeanybodyintheworld,whowoulditbe?Yourneighbourorasuperstar?Afewpeoplehaveexperiencedwhatitmightbeliketostepintotheskinofanotherperson,thankstoanunusualvirtualreality（虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)）device.RikkeWahl,anactress,modelandartist,wasoneoftheparticipantsinabodyswappingexperimentattheBeAnotherlab,aprojectdevelopedbyagroupofartistsbasedinBarcelona.Sheswappedwithherpartner,anactor,usingamachinecalledTheMachinetoBeAnotherandtemporarilybecameaman."AsIlookeddown,Isawmywholebodyasaman,dressedinmypartner'spants,"shesaid."That'sthepictureIrememberbest."Theset-upisrelativelysimple.Bothuserswearavirtualrealityheadsetwithacameraonthetop.Thevideofromeachcameraissenttotheotherperson,sowhatyouseeistheexactviewofyourpartner.Ifshemovesherarm,youseeit.Ifyoumoveyourarm,sheseesit.Togetusedtoseeinganotherperson'sbodywithoutactuallyhavingcontrolofit,participantsstartbyraisingtheirarmsandlegsveryslowly,sothattheothercanfollowalong.Eventually,thiskindofslowsynchronised（同步的）movementbecomescomfortable,andparticipantsreallystarttofeelasthoughtheyarelivinginanotherperson'sbody.Usingsuchtechnologypromisestoalterpeople'sbehaviourafterwards-potentiallyforthebetter.Studieshaveshownthatvirtualrealitycanbeeffectiveinfightingracism-thebias（偏見）thathumanshaveagainstthosewhodon'tlookorsoundlikethem.ResearchersattheUniversityofBarcelonagavepeopleaquestionnairecalledtheImplicitAssociationTest,whichmeasuresthestrengthofpeople'sassociationsbetween,forinstance,blackpeopleandadjectivessuchasgood,bad,athleticorawkward.Thentheyaskedthemtocontrolthebodyofadarkskinneddigitalcharacterusingvirtualrealityglasses,beforetakingthetestagain.Thistime,theparticipants'biasscoreswerelower.Theideaisthatonceyou've"putyourselfinanother'sshoes"you'relesslikelytothinkillofthem,becauseyourbrainhasinternalisedthefeelingofbeingthatperson.ThecreatorsofTheMachinetoBeAnotherhopetoachieveasimilarresult."Attheendofbodyswapping,peoplefeellikeholdingeachotherintheirarms,"saysArthurPointeau,aprogrammerwiththeproject."It'sareallynicewaytohavethiskindofexperience.Iwouldreally,reallyrecommendittoeveryone."【小題1】Theword"swapping"（paragraph1）