直接引語和間接引語總結(jié)

觀察下列句子，總結(jié)直接引語、間接引語適用規(guī)則：(一)直：shesaid,”Iamhungry”間：shesaidshewashungry.直：Teachertoldus,”themoonmovesroundtheearth.”間：Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth..直：shesaid,”IwenttoEnglandin1998”間：___________________________________________.直：__________________________________________-間：Hesaysthatheboughtmeabookyesterday.規(guī)則：直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，間接引語時(shí)態(tài)要與主句時(shí)態(tài)一致直接引語為客觀真理時(shí)，間接引語時(shí)態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)直接引語為一般過去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，間接引語仍用一般過去時(shí)直接引語主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，間接引語時(shí)態(tài)不變。(時(shí)間狀語的變化now→thenlastmonth→themonthbeforetoday→thatdaythreedaysago→threedaysbeforetonight→thatnighttomorrow→thenextdaythisweek→thatweeknextmonth→thenextmonthyesterday→thedaybeforethedayaftertomorrow→intwodays地點(diǎn)狀語的變化here→there謂語動(dòng)詞的變化come→go)（二）直接引語：“whatdidyoudohereyesterday?”theoldmanaskedmybrother.間接引語：Theoldmanaskedmybrotherwhathehaddonehereyesterday.直接引語:”Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.間接引語:Hetoldmethathehadmetherthedaybefore.直接引語:Sheaskedme,”AreyouMr.Li?”間接引語::Sheaskedme,if/whetherIwasMr.Li?直接引語:”Howmuchhavewespentonpetrolthisyear,”Susanaskedherhusband.間接引語:Susanaskedherhusbandhowmuchtheyhadspentonpetrolthatyear.規(guī)則：直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，一些指示代時(shí)間狀地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞做相應(yīng)的變化；一般疑問句，選擇疑問句和翻譯疑問句變間接引語時(shí)，要用陳述語氣，并要用連詞if或whether特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)，語序?yàn)殛愂鼍湔Z序。（三）直接引語：Hesaidtoher,”Don’ttakethebookaway”間接引語：Heaskedhernottotakethebookaway.直接引語：”Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”Hesaid.間接引語：Heorderedthechildrentostopmakingsomuchnoise直接引語:”Don’t’tellhimthenews,please.”Shesaid.間接引語：Shetoldmenottotellhimthenews.規(guī)則：一改：said(to)改為asked或told，ordered等二變：saidto的賓語或呼語變?yōu)閍sked等的賓語三加：即在動(dòng)詞原形加to，使成為動(dòng)詞不定式四去：去掉please.直接引語變間接引語練習(xí)題將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞：1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______methertheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?”hesaid.He____________Iwasinterestdin______.【參考答案】1.he,ate2.told,had,found,his3.she,had,taken4.rise,goes5.told,had,before6.had,there7.had,before8.asked,if,before9.told,could10.how,she,had11.where,I,had,those12.if[whether],I,lived13.told,to,stop14.not,to,tell15.asked,if[whether],that請(qǐng)選出正確的答案：1.“You’vealreadygotwell，haven’tyou？”sheasked.→Sheasked________.A.ifIhavealreadygotwellB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.2.Heasked，“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember？”→Heaskedme_________.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.3.Heasked，“Howareyougettingalong？”→Heasked_______.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong4.Heaskedme________withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD.whatwasthematter5.Hesaid，“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidtome；nottodoB.saidtome；don’tdoC.toldme；don’tdoD.toldme；nottodo6.Canyoumakesure___________？A.thathewillcomeheretodayB.whenhewillcomeheretodayC.willhecomeheretodayD.whetherwillhecomeheretoday7.Doyouhappentoknow________？A.whereisheraddressB.inwhichplaceisheraddressC.whatheraddressisD.theplaceheraddressis8.Excuseme，butcanyoutellme___________？A.wherecanIgettothelibraryB.whereIcangettothelibraryC.howcanIgettothelibraryD.howIcangettothelibrary9.Johnaskedme_______tovisithisuncle’sfarmwithhim.A.howwouldIlikeB.i