初三直接引語變間接引語講解

初三直接引語變間接引語講解第一頁，共51頁。Directspeech直接引語

Reportedspeech間接引語.直接引述別人的話，要加引號用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不用引號第二頁，共51頁。

引述別人的話語一般采用兩種方式:原封不動地引用原話,把它放在括號內(nèi),這叫直接引語;二.用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述,這叫間接引語.第三頁，共51頁。１）人稱的變化口訣

說明直接引語間接引語一隨主二隨賓三不變引號內(nèi)的第一人稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第二人稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保持一致引號內(nèi)的第三人稱在變間引后去人稱不變Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”ShesaidthatshelikedtennisHesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearlyShesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim”ShetoldmethatThattheywantedhelphim一隨主，二隨賓，三不變第四頁，共51頁。直接引語時態(tài)間接引語時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時不變一般將來時過去將來時第五頁，共51頁。nowthentodayThatdaytonightThatnightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThedaybeforelastnightThenightbeforetomorrowThenext/followingdaynext…Thenext/following…直接引語中的時間狀語轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：第六頁，共51頁。記?。褐甘敬~、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動詞的變化直接引語間接引語指示代詞this,thesethat,those時間狀語nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地點(diǎn)狀語herethere動詞comego第七頁，共51頁?！耙浑S主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：She

said.

"My

brother

wants

to

goshopping

with

me.

”→She

said

her

brotherwanted

to

goshopping

with

her.

第八頁，共51頁。Theboysaid,”I’m

readingabook.”Directspeech直接引語

Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech間接引語.第九頁，共51頁。“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：

He

said

to

Kate.

"How

is

your

sister

now?”→He

asked

Kate

how

her

sister

was

then。

第十頁，共51頁?！暗谌朔Q不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：

Mr.

Smith

said,“Jack

is

a

good

boy.”→Mr.

Smith

said

Jack

was

a

good

boy.第十一頁，共51頁。Practice:1)Hesaid,“My

brotherfailedintheexam.”Hesaid____brotherhadfailedintheexam.2)HesaidtoMary,“Howisyourmothernow?”heaskedMaryhow_____motherwasthen.3)Myteachersaid,‘‘sheisagoodstudent.’’Myteachersaid____wasagoodstudent4)Hesaidtome,“I’veleftherbookinyourroom”Hetoldmethat___hadleft___bookin___room.hishershehehermy第十二頁，共51頁。Hesays,“IsTomastudentorateacher？”→

HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher.Heaskedme,"Doyoulikeplayingfootball?“→

Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.Mysisteraskedme:“Whatisyourfriend?”→Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas.Jackaskedme,"Howdoyoulikethefilm?"→JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm.Thesoliderordered,“Bequiet.”→

Thesoliderorderedustobequiet.Hesaidtoher,“Openthedoor,please.”→Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.Shesays,“IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.”→Shesays(that)shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth.Heoftensays“Ishalltellyouaboutthem.”→Heoftentellsmethathewilltellmeaboutthem.第十三頁，共51頁。記住：

動詞時態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時過去將來時cancouldmaymight第十四頁，共51頁。1陳述句直接引語如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語中常省略）一般現(xiàn)在時

Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”

一般將來時

Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時過去將來時→Hesaidthat

he

coulddowellinEnglish.→

Hesaidthat

he

waswritingaletter.

Tomtoldmethathe

wouldcallme

thenextday.

第十五頁，共51頁。注：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不變。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.第十六頁，共51頁。注意：(1)如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述today,yesterday,tomorrow

等時間狀語也不必改變。

(2)如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here

不必改為there，動詞come不必改為go.

(3)當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：

1.He

said,

“The

moon

moves

around

the

earth.

Hesaid

that

the

moon

moves

around

the

earth.(4)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”

MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

第十七頁，共51頁。Icanspeakthreelanguages.Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages.Whatdidhesay?第十八頁，共51頁。IammadatMarcia.HesaidhewasmadatMarcia.Whatdidhesay?第十九頁，共51頁。WearehavingapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.第二十頁，共51頁。shewashard-working,Iamhard-working.

Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidIamnotlazy.

第二十一頁，共51頁。hewasgoodatplayingbasketball.Whatdidhesay?HesaidI’mgoodatplayingbasketball.第二十二頁，共51頁。I

amgood

at

English.Shesaidshewasgoodat

English.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?IdowellinEnglish.Shesaidshe

didwellin

English.dowellinIdowellinEnglish.第二十三頁，共51頁。IgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaid

he___________________________.wenttobeacheverySunday第二十四頁，共51頁。Whatdidshesay?Shesaid

she_________________________.wouldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.第二十五頁，共51頁。“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeIwasdoing.what第二十六頁，共51頁?！癢hydoyoulikeEnglish?”HeaskedmeIlikedEnglishwhy第二十七頁，共51頁。“Wheredoeshelive?”Sheaskedmehelived.where第二十八頁，共51頁。“Howdoesshegotoschool?”SheaskedmeShewenttoschool.how第二十九頁，共51頁?！癉oyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeIknewhername.Whether/if是否第三十頁，共51頁。Whendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhehadmath.Summary(總結(jié))1.特殊疑問句直接引語變間接引語第三十一頁，共51頁。Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyouhavemath.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhehadmath.2.一般疑問句直接引語變間接引語第三十二頁，共51頁。將下列直接引語的句子改寫為間接引語:1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.第三十三頁，共51頁。Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyoucanplaythepiano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhecouldplaythepiano.第三十四頁，共51頁。Shesaidtome“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme________________interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_________________buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme__________________born.4.“What’swrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme__________________with_____.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme__________________.Exercises:why

Iwas

when

hewouldwhere

Iwaswhatwaswrongme

what

happened第三十五頁，共51頁。

1.“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.

2.“Howoldarethey?”Heasked

howoldtheywere.3.“What’s

theweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.

4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heasked

how

youwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heasked

who

wassinging.

6.“Whendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第三十六頁，共51頁。hereoverheretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlastweek/month/year…nextweek/month/year……agothedayaftertomorrowthisthesecomebringthereovertherethatnightthenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaytheweek/moth/year…before…thenextweek/month/year……beforetwodayslaterthatthosegotake第三十七頁，共51頁。1、直接引語中的時間狀語轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：2、直接引語中的指示代詞轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：3、直接引語中動詞come在間接引語中用go:4、直接引語中副詞here在間接引語中用there：5、如果是在當(dāng)天或在原地轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)，則上述時間狀語或地點(diǎn)狀語一律不變：注意！thisthatthesethose第三十八頁，共51頁。2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.第三十九頁，共51頁。5.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”4.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

next

month.”Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

第四十頁，共51頁。2.直接引語如果是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。

1）一般疑問句。用whether或if(是否）引導(dǎo)。主句中的動詞是said時改為asked，沒有間接賓語的，可以加一個間接賓語me/him/her。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

疑問語序

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陳述語序第四十一頁，共51頁。2)特殊疑問句:由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,仍用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo).要把疑問句語序改為陳述句語序。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑問語序陳述語序疑問語序陳述語序第四十二頁，共51頁。3.當(dāng)直接引語是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時,間接祈使句的引述動詞常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引語的祈使句變成帶(not)to的不定式短語。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth如:第四十三頁，共51頁。1Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老師對學(xué)生們說:“不要講話了?！薄鶷heteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.

老師讓學(xué)生們不要說話了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Don’tplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

第四十四頁，共51頁。1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.第四十五頁，共51頁。4MothersaidtoTom,“getupearlier!”Mothertold/askedTomtogetupearlier.5Theteachersaidtous,“Don`ttalkinclass!”Theteachertold

/askedusnottotalkinclass.6Theteachersaid,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheearth.第四十六頁，共51頁。1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysa