高考英語一輪復(fù)習主題訓(xùn)練十八社會熱點問題含解析

PAGEPAGE14主題訓(xùn)練(十八)社會熱點問題大閱讀——提升閱讀速度·內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律(滿分70分，限時55分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)AACenterofAdolescentHealthResearchOurresearchcenterwascreatedtopromotethehealthofbabies,children,adolescents,andyoungadultsbyadvancingmeaningfulandcreativeclinical(臨床的)research.Throughthiswebsite,webringparticipants,families,researchers,healthcareproviders,andthecommunityintoourresearchhomewherewecanlearnfromoneanother.Together,wecanpromotethehealthofchildrenandyouthbyadvancingmeaningfulandinnovative(創(chuàng)新的)clinicalresearch.ForFamilies&CaregiversCurrently,guidelinesfortreatingchildrenareoftenbasedondatafromadultstudies.Toimproveclinicalcareofchildren,morestudiesareneededfocusingonchildren'shealthwiththegoaltobetterdiagnose,treat,andpreventthediseasesthatarespecifictochildren.Learnhowyoucanhelpdoctorsandnursesprovidethebestcare.ForTeens&YoungAdultsWeneedadolescentsandyoungadultslikeyoutohelpdoctorsandnursesprovidethebestcaretheycan.Doctorsandnursesusewhattheylearnfromresearchstudiestotakecareofpatients,butmostofthisresearchhasbeendonewithadults.Yourbodiesaredifferentfromolderadultsandyourhealthneedsaredifferenttoo!Weneedyoutohelpuslearnaboutthebesttreatmentsforteensandyoungadultsandyoucanmakeadifference.ForChildrenConsideringthestateofchildrentreatment,childhealthresearchisthebestwaytoadvancemedicalcareforchildren.Weneedchildrenofdifferentages,genders,races,andneighborhoodstoparticipateinstudiessodoctorswillknowwhichtreatmentsworkbestforchildren.語篇解讀：兒童和青少年健康研究中心號召兒童、青少年等參與研究來推進臨床研究，其目的是促進兒童、青少年和青年的健康發(fā)展。1．Howwillthecenterpromotethehealthofchildren?A．Byresearchingtheeffectsofadultmedicineonchildren.B．Bymakingcreativeclinicalresearch.C．Bycomparingandlearningresearchresultsofthecommunity.D．Byconnectingwithfamiliesandcommunitiesregularly.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句和尾句可知，兒童和青少年健康研究中心旨在通過推進有意義和創(chuàng)造性的臨床研究來促進兒童、青少年和青年的健康發(fā)展。故B項正確。2．Whatareguidelinesonchildrentreatmentbasedon?A．Informationfromadultstudies.B．Datafromchildrentoolongago.C．Statisticsinconnectionwithparents.D．Experiencebuiltupthroughgenerations.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“guidelines”定位到第二段第一句，由此可知，現(xiàn)在關(guān)于治療兒童的指導(dǎo)原則通常是基于成人研究的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。3．Whodoesthepassageaskforhelpfortheresearch?A．Doctorsandresearchers.B．Teachersandresearchers.C．Socialhealthcareworkers.D．Teensandyoungadults.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第一句中的“Weneedadolescentsandyoungadultslikeyou”可知，文章呼吁青少年和青年來幫助進行研究。故選D。B(2021·湖北四校聯(lián)考)Overcomingextremecold,crueliceandpeopledismissinghimasmad,SlovenianDavoKamicarbecamethefirstpersontoskinon-stopdownMountEverest.Afteradramaticfalloveralmostsheercliffsofsnow,stonesandice,38-year-oldKamicaremergedinhisbasecampafterfivehoursofskiing.“Ifeelonlyhappinessandtiredness，”hesaid.Atonestagehehadtospeedoverstretchesoficethatcollapsedandbrokeunderneathhimandcouldhavesenthimfallingintothedeepcrevasses(裂縫)thatdotthemountain.Thedescent(下落)hadbeenseenbymanyasinsanelydangerous.TheDarwinAwardswebsite,whichdocumentsdeathswhicharefoolhardy,_urgedpeopletologontoInternetbroadcastsoftheattempt.“KeepyoureyespeeledforaliveDarwinAward，”itsaid.However,theonlybodytomakethenewswasthecorpse(尸體)ofanunknownmountaineerwhichKamicarzippedpastashedescended,oneofanestimated120corpses,thoughttolittertheslopes.“Thismountainisalwaysfullofsurprises.Seeingadeadmanouttherewasareallyshockingexperience，”hesaid.Thankstostrategicallyplacedcamerasonthemountainandoneattachedtohissafetyhelmet,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewitnessedhisdescentontheInternet,whichwasoneoftherecordhighsever.Duringtherunmorethan650,000hitswereregisteredonhisexpeditionwebsitejammingitforatimeasotherstriedtoaccessthesite.WeatherconditionsweresoseverethatKamicarhadtoabandonplanstorestonthesummitbeforeattemptingtodescend.Instead,sufferingfromfatigue,assoonashereachedthetopheputonhisskisandflunghimselfbackdownthemountain.DealingwiththemountainhadalreadycostKamicartwofingerswhenapreviousfailedattemptsawhimgetfrostbiteasafiercestormlashedthepeak.KamicarcomesfromaskiingfamilyandtookpartinhisfirstHimalayanskiingexpeditionin1989.Sincethen,hehasbeentirelessinraisingfundsandsponsorshipformoreexpeditions,withEverestasthepermanentgoal.語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。報道了斯洛文尼亞人達沃·卡米卡成為第一個不間斷地滑下珠穆朗瑪峰的人，并創(chuàng)造了歷史新紀錄。4．DavoKamicarmadehistoryby________.A．skiingdownMountEverestwithoutrestB．descendingMountEverestwithintheshortesttimeeverC．a(chǎn)ttractinglargestnumberofaudienceonlineforhisdescentD．becomingthefirsttofilmhisdescentdownMountEverest解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“SlovenianDavoKamicarbecamethefirstpersontoskinon-stopdownMountEverest.”可知，達沃·卡米卡成為第一個不間斷地滑下珠穆朗瑪峰的人。故選A。5．Theunderlinedword“foolhardy”inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto______.A．suddenandhardtoacceptB．takingunnecessaryrisksC．a(chǎn)ttractingpublicattentionD．workinghardtofoolothers解析：選B詞義猜測題。由第四段“Thedescent(下落)hadbeenseenbymanyasinsanelydangerous.”可知，許多人認為這種下降是極其危險的，所以推斷出foolhardy的意思是“冒不必要的風險”。故選B。6．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Kamicarsawabout120deadbodieslitteringtheslope.B．Thebroadcastofhisdescentonlinewascancelledbecauseofthewebsitejam.C．Kamicar'sfamilyhadatraditiontoconquerMountEverest.D．ThiswasnotKamicar'sfirstattemptonMountEverest.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“whenapreviousfailedattemptsawhimgetfrostbiteasafiercestormlashedthepeak”可知，這不是卡米卡第一次嘗試征服珠穆朗瑪峰。故選D。7．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MadManSkisdownEverestB．DarwinAwardforDavoKamicarC．ExtremeSportsHeroSlidestoaRecordD．BodyofMountaineerFoundonEverest解析：選C標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，斯洛文尼亞人達沃·卡米卡成為第一個不間斷地滑下珠穆朗瑪峰的人，許多人認為這種極限運動是極其危險的，但達沃·卡米卡成功做到了，并創(chuàng)造了歷史新紀錄。故選C。CThreescientists,JohnB.Goodenough,M.StanleyWhittinghamandAkiraYoshino,havewonthe2019NobelPrizeinChemistryfortheirworkonlithium-ion(鋰離子)batteries.JohnB.GoodenoughworkedattheUniversityofTexasatAustin.At97,heistheoldestpersontoeverreceiveaNobelPrize.WhittinghamworksatBinghamtonUniversityinNewYork.YoshinoworksinJapanatAsahiKaseiCorporationinTokyo.Allthreewillreceiveamedalandtogethersplittheprizeof9millionSwedishkronor(aboutD|S900,000)．AlessandroVoltashowedthefirstelectricbatteryin1800.Sincethen,scientistshavebeenworkingtobuildbetterones.Today'swinnerswerehonoredforpioneeringthelithium-ionbattery.Lightweightandrechargeable,thesebatteriescanbefoundineverythingfromportableelectronicproductstoelectriccarsandbicycles.Theyalsoprovideawaytostoreenergyfromrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpowerandwindpower.Inthe1970s,Whittinghambeganexperimentingwithlithiumforhisrechargeablebattery.Itcouldsupply2volts(伏特).GoodenoughsoughttoimproveonWhittingham'sdesignoverthenextdecade.Hedoubledthevoltage(電壓)to4volts.That'saboutwhatittakestopoweramodernsmartphone.In1985,Yoshinoexploredandcreatedananodefromaby-productofoilproduction.Later,hecreatedasaferandmoredurable4-voltrechargeablebattery.Thatdesignwasusedforthefirstlithium-ionbatteriestohitthestores.Thatwasin1991.ChemistOlofRamstr?misamemberofthe2019NobelCommitteeforchemistry.HespokeduringtheannouncementoftheprizemadebytheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesinStockholm,SwedenAtanewsconference,whenaskedifhehadexpectedtowin,Goodenoughreplied:“Ididn'texpectanything！”Hesaidhe'ddonatehisshareofthewinnings“tomyuniversitytosupportpeoplewhoworkthere”．Lithium-ionbatteriesnowperformmuchbetterthanthosein1991.Overthepasttwodecadesormore,researchershavebeenworkingveryhard.Andit'spaidoff.Theenergyavailablefromthesebatterieshasdoubled,eventripled,insomecases,andthelifecyclehasimprovedgreatly.Today,youcanrechargethesebatteriesthousandsoftimes.Theyalsohavegottensaferandlesscostly.語篇解讀：2019年10月9日，瑞典皇家科學院宣布，將2019年諾貝爾化學獎授予約翰·B.古迪納夫、M.斯坦利·惠廷厄姆和吉野彰，以表彰他們在鋰離子電池研發(fā)領(lǐng)域做出的貢獻。8．WhoistheoldestNobelPrizewinner?A．AkiraYoshino.B．AlessandroVolta.C．JohnB.Goodenough.D．M.StanleyWhittingham.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“At97,heistheoldestpersontoeverreceiveaNobelPrize”可知，JohnB.Goodenough是迄今為止年齡最大的諾貝爾獎獲得者。9．WhywastheNobelPrizegiventothethreescientists?A．Theymadethefirstelectricbattery.B．Theydiscoveredlithium-ionintheworld.C．Theyinventedwaystostorethegreenenergy.D．Theycreatedandimprovedlithium-ionbatteries.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Today'swinnerswerehonoredforpioneeringthelithium-ionbattery”可知，三位科學家被授予諾貝爾獎是因為他們在鋰離子電池制造方面起到了先鋒的作用。10．WhatdoesGoodenoughthinkofhiswinningtheNobelPrize?A．Itisunfair. B．Itisacertainty.C．Itisunexpected. D．Itisunreasonable.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Goodenoughreplied:‘Ididn'texpectanything！’”可知，古迪納夫?qū)τ谧约韩@得諾貝爾獎這件事感到出乎意料。11．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thelonghistoryofthelithium-ionbattery.B．Thepresentactualitiesoflithium-ionbatteries.C．Therechargingtimesoflithium-ionbatteries.D．Theenergyavailablefromlithium-ionbatteries.解析：選B主旨大意題。最后一段主要說明鋰離子電池的現(xiàn)狀。D(2021·安徽省五校聯(lián)考)Weathercouldpowerthenextgenerationofsmartwindows.Researchershavecreatedglassbyharvestingenergyfromwindandprecipitation(降水).Theapproachoffersanalternativetoothersmartwindowspoweredbybatteries,solarpanels,andevenstandardpoweroutlets.“Thecreationrepresentsanewkindofrenewableenergysource，”saysLimingDai,ananomaterialengineeratCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Smartglass,whichchangesitscharacteristicstoblockoutlight,hasbeenaroundfordecades.Commonexamplesincludeglare-fightingrearview(后視)carmirrorsandwindowsthatchangecolorforenergysavingsandprivacy.Butmanyareexpensive,andpeoplearestilllookingforeco-friendlywaystopowerthewindows.Batteriesandplug-inoutletsaren'tapparently“green”，andbuilt-insolarpanelscancloudorhidepartsoftheglass.Inexperiments,theglassproducedupto130milliwattspersquaremeter,enoughtopowerapacemakerorasmartphonewhileit'sasleep,theteamreportedonlinelastmonthinACSNano.Thisoutputmightsuitmanyapplications,suchasbeingapowersourceforhomeorofficeelectronics,saysco-developerandscientistZhongLinWangoftheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta.Sincetheirfirstprojectin2012,alight-upsidewalkpoweredbyfootsteps,heandhiscolleagueshaveminiaturizedtheirgeneratorstocreateeverythingfromself-cleaningkeyboardstosensorsforsecuritysystems.ButWangandhiscolleaguesstillhavemoreworktodobeforethissmartglassisreadyforcommercialization.Now,theglasshasnowaytostoretheenergyitcreates.Tosolvethisproblem,Daisays,transparentsupercapacitors(電容器)couldbeplacedintotheglasswithoutdecreasingvisibility.Fornow,theteamwantstoimprovetheenergyefficiencyoftheirnanogenerators.Thesetinypowerplantscanconvertabout60%ofthemechanicalenergythattheyencounterintoelectricity.“Theoutputpowerisaconstantgoal，”Wangsays.“Freeenergysurroundsus,andanythingcanhappenifyoutakecontrolofit.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種能供電的智能玻璃。該玻璃可以利用風力和降水產(chǎn)生電能，是一種綠色環(huán)保的能源產(chǎn)品，但該產(chǎn)品仍面臨諸多問題，如電能儲存問題。12．Whatisuniqueaboutthesmartglass?A．Itcanprotectprivacy.B．Itismoreexpensive.C．Itispoweredbyweather.D．Itcanblockoutlight.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Researchershavecreatedglassbyharvestingenergyfromwindandprecipitation(降水)”可知，這種智能玻璃的特別之處是可以利用風力和降水獲取能量，故C項正確。13．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A．TheresearchhistoryofZhongLinWang.B．TheexperimentalprocessofZhongLinWang.C．TheresearchtheoryofZhongLinWang'steam.D．TheexperimentalfindingsofZhongLinWang'steam.解析：選D段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容尤其是該段首句可知，該段主要說明了該團隊的實驗結(jié)果，故D項正確。14．Whatisthedrawbackofthesmartglass?A．Itcannotkeepitsproducedelectricity.B．Itcannotsuitthesupercapacitors.C．Itcannotpowerasmartphone.D．Itcannotchangeitscoloraccordingtoweather.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Now,theglasshasnowaytostoretheenergyitcreates”可知，目前該產(chǎn)品的缺陷是無法儲存其產(chǎn)生的能量，故A項正確。15．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“convert”underlinedinthelastparagraph?A．Consume. B．Transform.C．Waste. D．Reserve.解析：選B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“Thesetinypowerplantscanconvertabout60%ofthemechanicalenergythattheyencounterintoelectricity”可知，這些微型發(fā)電機可以將智能玻璃收集到的60%的機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。據(jù)此可推知，畫線詞意為“轉(zhuǎn)化”，故B項正確。A項意為“消耗”，C項意為“浪費”，D項意為“貯備”，都與文意不符。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)Universitiesnowcatertostudents'dietswithcustomizable(可定制的)menus.Today'scollegedininghallsarelikefast-casualchainrestaurantswithafocusonhealthy,protein-andvegetable-centricdishes.__16__Thecollegefoodbusinessisbooming,nowassessedat$18billion,accordingtoTechnomic.That'supfrom$12.4billionadecadeagoandcloseto$1.89billionin1972,whentheChicago-basedfoodindustryresearchfirmstartedtrackingit.__17__Collegesnowuseeverythingtoappealtostudents.High-schoolerscanturntoavarietyofonlinesources(信息來源)toscancollegefoodratingsastheymaketheirapplicationchoices.__18__Itcanmakeitorbreakitifthey'relininguptwoschools,withallotherthingsbeingequal.Forsomestudents,it'saconcernaboutallergies,suchasnuts,dairyproductsorsoy.Othersarecommittedtoeatingonlylocalfoods.Anothergrouphasreligiousdietaryrestrictions.__19__OneofthreeAmericansfollowsaspecificdiet,accordingtotheInternationalFoodInformationCouncil.Theorganizationfoundthenumberisevenhigheramongthoseages18to34.__20__Thereareanincreasingnumberofnationalrestaurantchainsopeningonornearcampuses.Fooddeliveryplatforms,includingUberEatsandDoorDash,bringfarefromlocaleateriestothedormrooms.SchoolcafeteriasmustpleasestudentswhogrewupwithhighexpectationsfromhavingwatchedtheFoodNetworkandfollowingfoodtrendsonInstagram.“Wehavetobeascompetitiveasfastfoodandevenfinedining，”saidLisaFeldman,directorofrecipemanagementinauniversity.A．Foodtrendscatchonfastatcolleges.B．Foodispartofdecisionforalotofpeople.C．Collegedininghallswanttodeliverforstudents.D．Everyonewantstobesuretheirdietsareaddressed.E．Collegefoodoperationsneedtosharpentheirfoodgame.F．In2019,theindustryisexpectedtoapproach$18.7billion.G．Menusforavarietyofdietsarethenewnormalatcollegedininghalls.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當前，各大高校為吸引學生，用可定制的菜單去迎合學生的飲食需求。16．選G根據(jù)空前的“customizable(可定制的)menus”“collegedininghalls”可知，G項中的“Menusforavarietyofdiets”“collegedininghalls”與上文對應(yīng)，故G項符合語境。17．選F根據(jù)空前的“nowassessedat$18billion”可知，F(xiàn)項承接上文，說明在2019年大學食品服務(wù)業(yè)的估價將接近187億美元。18．選B根據(jù)空前的“scancollegefoodratingsastheymaketheirapplicationchoices”和空后的“Itcanmakeitorbreakitifthey'relininguptwoschools,withallotherthingsbeingequal”可知，B項“對很多人來說，食物是決定的一部分”符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。19．選D根據(jù)空前的“Forsomestudents...Othersarecommittedtoeatingonlylocalfoods.Anothergrouphasreligiousdietaryrestrictions”可知，D項“每一個人都想確保自己的飲食需求被滿足”符合語境。20．選E根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述大學食堂應(yīng)該與時俱進，提高自身競爭力，迎合學生的高期望。故E項最能概括本段內(nèi)容。Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)(2021·廣州二模)Coronavirus(冠狀病毒)isnotonlyagloballyterriblestory,butawindowtopeople'ssoul.Coronaviruseruptedinmanycountriesandresultedinagreatnumberofdeaths,leavingtheworld__21__.Tocontrolthespread,theSpanishgovernment__22__announcedlockdown(防范緊閉)and__23__peopletostayathome.Withthe80-year-oldbirthday__24__，Charointendedtoprepareforit,whichfelljustdaysafterthe__25__.Atthethoughtofthelockdown,__26__，theurgetocelebrateitwasn'tasparticularlystrongasever.Onthebirthday,havinghersimplemeal,shewascalledoutbyherneighborwhenshewasabit__27__.Withthedooropened,Charowas__28__tofindtherewasnobody,butagift.Itwasacakewithabirthdaycandlethatwasplaced__29__onatableoutsideherfrontdoor!Shewas__30__.Whocouldrememberthespecialday?Herfriendsandneighbors,whowerefamiliarwithher,hadmovedaway.AsCharo__31__upthecakeandsteppedouttofindthevisitor,herneighborssuddenlyappearedbehindtheirapartmentwindows,__32__singingthebirthdaysong.__33__ofwhathappened,theelderlywomanstruggledtoholdback__34__whenshereturnedtoherhouse.Afterawhile,sherushedbacktothewindowto__35__atherneighborsandexpressed__36__witharoundofapplause(鼓掌)．Thelockdowndidn'tstopa(n)__37__fromgettingtogether.Feararoundemergenciescanalsoprovide__38__examples.Inthefaceofthreat,theseadorablepeoplearehelpingpeople,__39__thelivesofoneanotherintheir__40__ways.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了西班牙的一個社區(qū)，在冠狀病毒爆發(fā)，居民待在家中封閉防范期間發(fā)生的暖心故事：鄰居們在各自家中，大聲唱生日歌為80歲的Charo慶祝生日。21．A.atease B．a(chǎn)triskC．a(chǎn)twar D．outofwork解析：選B根據(jù)前文“Coronaviruseruptedinmanycountriesandresultedinagreatnumberofdeaths”可知，冠狀病毒在許多國家爆發(fā)，造成大量死亡，因此給世界帶來了不安和風險。atrisk“處于危險中”，故選B項。22．A.urgently B．mildlyC．frequently D．constantly解析：選A根據(jù)前文可知，冠狀病毒的爆發(fā)造成了嚴重的后果，因此可推知，西班牙政府在非常緊急的(urgently)情況之下做出了宣告。故選A項。23．A.forbade B．permittedC．a(chǎn)ppointed D．urged解析：選D根據(jù)前文“Tocontrolthespread”可知，目的為控制冠狀病毒的傳播，因此，西班牙政府力勸(urged)人們待在家中。故選D項。24．A.passing B．celebratingC．a(chǎn)pproaching D．missing解析：選C根據(jù)后文“Charointendedtoprepareforit”可知，Charo原本為生日做準備，因此可知，Charo的八十歲生日要到了(approaching)。故選C項。25．A.celebration B．invitationC．a(chǎn)nnouncement D．treatment解析：選C根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the以及上文中的“Tocontrolthespread,theSpanishgovernment______announcedlockdown(防范緊閉)and______peopletostayathome.”可知，此處指“封鎖和力勸人們待在家里”的政府公告(announcement)。故選C項。26．A.however B．a(chǎn)nywayC．otherwise D．besides解析：選A空后的“theurgetocelebrateitwasn'tasparticularlystrongasever”與前文“Withthe80-year-oldbirthday______，Charointendedtoprepareforit(隨著80歲生日的到來，Charo打算為此做好準備)”表達上為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項。27．A.content B．upsetC．desperate D．delighted解析：選B根據(jù)前文“Onthebirthday,havinghersimplemeal”可知，生日那天，她吃著簡單的飯菜，并沒有慶祝，因此她應(yīng)是感到有點沮喪(upset)。故選B項。28．A.annoyed B．a(chǎn)larmedC．a(chǎn)stonished D．disturbed解析：選C根據(jù)后文“findtherewasnobody,butagift”可知，打開門之后只看到一份禮物，并未看到其他人，Charo應(yīng)是感到很吃驚(astonished)。故選C項。29．A.falsely B．roughlyC．a(chǎn)ppropriately D．unbelievably解析：選D根據(jù)后文“Whocouldrememberthespecialday?Herfriendsandneighbors,whowerefamiliarwithher,hadmovedaway.”可知，Charo沒想到有人會記得自己的生日，因此生日蛋糕的出現(xiàn)使她感到難以置信(unbelievably)。故選D項。30．A.embarrassed B．cautiousC．puzzled D．a(chǎn)nxious解析：選C根據(jù)后文“Herfriendsandneighbors,whowerefamiliarwithher,hadmovedaway.”可知，熟悉她的朋友和鄰居都搬走了，卻有人默默地送給她生日蛋糕，對此，她應(yīng)是感到困惑的(puzzled)。故選C項。31．A.cut B．heldC．packed D．picked解析：選B根據(jù)空格后的“thecake”可知，應(yīng)是托住(heldup)蛋糕。故選B項。32．A.burstingout B．lookingforwardtoC．dreamingof D．havingagiftfor解析：選A根據(jù)前文“herneighborssuddenlyappearedbehindtheirapartmentwindows”可知，她的鄰居們突然出現(xiàn)在他們公寓的窗戶后面，呼應(yīng)前文的“suddenly”，burstingout表示鄰居們突然出現(xiàn)，大聲唱出生日歌給她驚喜。33．A.Regardless B．TiredC．Fond D．Aware解析：選D根據(jù)后文“theelderlywomanstruggledtoholdback...witharoundofapplause(鼓掌)”可知，Charo回到家里然后她跑到窗口向鄰居們揮手，用熱烈的掌聲表示感謝，因此可推知，Charo明白了發(fā)生的事情：鄰居們在給她慶祝生日。beawareof意為“意識到……”。故選D項。34．A.anxiety B．a(chǎn)ngerC．laughter D．tears解析：選D根據(jù)前文“herneighborssuddenlyappearedbehindtheirapartmentwindows，______singingthebirthdaysong”可知，在冠狀病毒疫情期間，需要待在家中防范的情況之下，鄰居們還為自己慶祝生日，她應(yīng)是很感動的。holdbacktears意為“忍住淚水”。故選D項。35．A.glare B．waveC．glance D．yell解析：選B根據(jù)前文“sherushedbacktothewindow”可知，她跑回窗口，應(yīng)是對著鄰居揮手(wave)示意感謝。故選B項。36．A.appreciation B．enthusiasmC．a(chǎn)dmiration D．a(chǎn)greement解析：選A根據(jù)后文“witharoundofapplause”可知，她應(yīng)是用掌聲表達對鄰居的感激(appreciation)和謝意。故選A項。37．A.community B．committeeC．a(chǎn)ssociation D．league解析：選A文章主要講述了冠狀病毒疫情期間，鄰居們?yōu)?0歲的Charo慶祝生日的感人故事，因此，本句應(yīng)是強調(diào)在疫情封閉防范期間，社區(qū)(community)人們之間的團結(jié)互動并未停止，只不過換了一種方式。故選A項。38．A.ridiculous B．inspiringC．controversial D．frightening解析：選B根據(jù)文章主旨可知，本文講述了鄰里之間的友愛，是鼓舞人心的(inspiring)事例。故選B項。39．A.balancing B．destroyingC．threatening D．supporting解析：選D根據(jù)前文“Inthefaceofthreat,theseadorablepeoplearehelpingpeople”可知，面對疫情，這些可愛的人們在幫助別人，支持(supporting)別人。故選D項。40．A.generous B．reliableC．heart-warming D．humorous解析：選C本文的故事內(nèi)容為鄰居們在用自己的方式給Charo慶祝生日，這是使人幸福愉快的(heart-warming)方式。故選C項。精表達——夯實語言基礎(chǔ)·提升表達能力Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Soourgovernmentshouldmakelawstoforbid/ban(禁止)theuseofplasticbagsindepartmentstoresandsupermarkets.2．Thosewhodestroytheenvironmentintentionallyshouldbeseverelypunished(懲罰)．3．Generallyspeaking,moreandmorepeopleareadvocating(提倡)“l(fā)ow-carbon”lifestyle.4．Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches(方法)tothestudyofmathematics.5．EvenifJackwas_misunderstood(誤解)byhisfriends,hedidn'ttellthemthetruth.6．Ialwaysconfuse(使混淆)youandyoursister—youlooksoalike.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Youshouldprovideaqualifiedwitness