非謂語動詞講解與練習(xí)

Ⅴ非謂語一.本質(zhì)化： 1.是動詞，為整體，不作謂語； 2.三種詞性：n/adj/adv； 3.非謂語≈從句。二.考點(diǎn)目錄： 1.非謂語的三大層次 2.動詞+非謂語 3.非謂語的否定 4.非謂語作主語三.常見形式：主動被動todotobedonedoingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedone

一、非謂語的三大層次：（一）謂語VS非謂語（二）非謂語：主動VS被動（三）非謂語的時間判斷（一）謂語VS非謂語1、一個句子有且只有一個謂語，但可以有N個非謂語。2、兩個句子（即兩個謂語）必須有連接方式：①特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號：；：——連接并列句②連詞：and,but,or,so連接并列句③連接詞:what,which,who,whom,when,where,how, whether,if,although,because連接主從句3、解題技巧：（1）找出句子的謂語動詞（2）找出兩個句子連接方式

1．【2001全國春8】____________atthedoorbeforeenteringplease．A．Knocked B．Toknock C．Knocking D．Knock2．【2007全國I24】——It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister．——____________herthisweekend?A．Whynotvisit B．WhynottovisitC．Whynotvisiting D．Whydon’tvisit3．【2006湖北29】——Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend．——___________good．A．Sound B．Sounded C．Sounding D．Sounds4．【2005重慶31】——WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?——____________tothemainideaofeachparagraph．A．Findingout B．FoundoutC．Findout D．Tofindout5．【1999上海18】——Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?——____________enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup．A．Get B．Getting C．Toget D．Tobegetting6．【2013全國18】——Sir,whydoyoualwayshaveusdosomanyexercises?——____________youwellpreparedfortheexamination．A．Toget B．Getting C．Tobegetting D．Get7．【1991全國23】——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.——Whatdoyousuppose____________toher?A．washappening B．tohappenC．hashappened D．havinghappened8．【2012重慶31】Beforeyouquityourjob,____________howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision．A．consider B．consideringC．toconsider D．considered9．【2006安徽30】MostofwhathasbeensaidabouttheSmiths___________alsotrueoftheJohnsons．A．a(chǎn)re B．is C．being D．tobe10．【2005山東35】Thecountrylifehewasusedto____________greatlysince1992．A．change B．haschangedC．changing D．havechanged11．【2011江蘇22】Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplace___________thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking．A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting12．【2009湖南31】Pleasedomeafavor——____________myfriendMr．SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight．A．toinvite B．inviting C．invite D．Invited13．【2006全國I35】Mary,___________here——everybodyelse,staywhereyouare．A．come B．comes C．tocome D．coming14．【2004廣東32】Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,better____________it——you’vegotsomebigbillscoming． A．forget B．forgot C．forgetting D．toforget15．【2004浙江32】I’veneverseenanyonerunsofast——____________Davidgo．A．justwatch B．justtowatchC．justwatching D．justhavingwatched16．【2004重慶29】ThereareeighttipsinDr．Roger’slectureonsleep,andoneofthemis:____________tobedearlyunlessyouthinkitisnecessary．A．doesn’tgo B．nottogoC．notgoing D．don’tgo17．【2004湖北34】____________straightonandyou’llseeachurch．Youwon’tmissit．A．Go B．Going C．Ifyougo D．Whengoing18．【2008湖南24】____________thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting．A．Havingsearched B．TosearchC．Searching D．Search19．【2013上海37】____________atthephotos,illustrations,titleandheadingsandyoucanguess whatthereadingisabout. A．Tolook B．Looking C．Havinglooked D．Look20．【2001上海春37】____________bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved．A．Giving B．Give C．Given D．Togive21．【2010四川19】Ifyouhaveajob,____________yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed．A．dodevote B．don’tdevoteC．devoting D．notdevoting22．【1994全國18】Shesetoutsoonafterdark____________homeanhourlater．A．a(chǎn)rriving B．toarriveC．havingarrived D．a(chǎn)ndarrived23．【1993全國36】“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid,____________tothenotice．A．a(chǎn)ngrilypointing B．a(chǎn)ndpointangrilyC．a(chǎn)ngrilypointed D．a(chǎn)ndangrilypointing24．【2012浙江8】IthinkTom,astheheadofabigdepartment,shouldeitherstudyregularlyor____________hisjob．A．quits B．toquit C．quitting D．quit25．【2001上海39】Fishingishisfavoritehobby,and____________．A．he’dliketocollectcoinsaswellB．hefeellikecollectingcoins,tooC．tocollectcoinsisalsohishobby D．collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure26．【1991全國29】OnSaturdayafternoon,Mrs．Greenwenttothemarket,____________somebananasandvisitedhercousin．A．bought B．buying C．tobuy D．buy27．【2004上海44】——Englishhaslargevocabulary,hasn’tit?——Yes．____________morewordsandexpressionsandyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate．A．Know B．Knowing C．Toknow D．Known28．【2006上海春40】Chinahaspromisedtoreviseitsexistingregulationsand___________newpoliciesaccordingtoWTOrequirements．A．forming B．toformC．tobeforming D．haveformed29．【2005上海37】Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand____________downtoeatourpicniclunch．A．sitting B．havingsat C．tosit D．sat30．【2001上海38】Thebell____________theendoftheperiodrang,____________ourheateddiscussion．A．indicating interrupting B．indicated .interruptingC．indicating interrupted D．indicated interrupted31．【2004上海春44】Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage___________thegirlandtookheraway,___________intothewoods．A．seizing, disappeared B．seized, disappearedC．seizing, disappearing D．seized, disappearing32．【2009湖南25】Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,____________inasmallapartmentnearBostonand____________whattodoabouthisfuture．A．living;wondering B．lived;wonderingC．lived;wondered D．living;wondered33．【2013湖南30】 Everyday___________aproverbaloudseveraltimesuntilyouhaveit memorized. A．read B．reading C．toread D．reads34．【2006遼寧25】Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents___________Chineseintheschool,most___________werefromGermany．A．study;ofwhom B．study;ofthemC．studying;ofthem D．studying;ofwhom35．【2000上海春12】Willthose____________thechildrenfromabroadcometotheheadmaster’soffice?A．teaching B．teachC．whoteaches D．whoteaching36．【2005安徽34】Ireallycan’tunderstand____________herlikethat．A．youtreat B．youtotreatC．whytreat D．youtreating37．【1986全國9】Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____________inbed,dead．A．lying B．lieC．lay D．laying38.【2014全國大綱30】 _____metomorrowandI’llletyouknowthelabresult.A.Calling B.CallC.TocallD.Havingcalled39.【2014湖南30】 _____whatyou’redoingtodayimportant,becauseyou’retradingadayofyour lifeforit. A.Make B.Tomake C.Making D.Made40.【2014北京24】 ________carefullyifanychangeoccurswhendoingexperimentsinthelab.. A.Observe B.Toobserve C.Observed D.Observing

（二）非謂語：主動VS被動本質(zhì)化：1．解題技巧：找出非謂語的邏輯主語。2．邏輯主語的本質(zhì)：邏輯主語為非謂語動詞發(fā)出或承受者。3．邏輯主語的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：（1）非謂語做狀語，邏輯主語為句子真正主語。本質(zhì)：非謂語作狀語，表示時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、條件、目的、方式特征：①非謂語置于句子前；②非謂語前還保留連接副詞，但其后沒有主語；③一般用逗號隔開。（2）非謂語做定語，邏輯主語為被修飾的名詞。本質(zhì)：非謂語作定語，修飾該名詞，譯為“……的”。 特征：一般置于該名詞后，若較短，可置于該名詞前。（3）非謂語做表語，邏輯主語為句子真正的主語。本質(zhì)：非謂語作表語，表示邏輯主語的特征。特征：置于系動詞后。系動詞有：（6類）狀態(tài)系動詞：be持續(xù)系動詞：keep,stay,remain,rest,lie,stand變化系動詞：become,turn,get,grow,come,go,fall,run感官系動詞：look,sound,smell,taste,feel表象系動詞：appear，seem終止系動詞：prove,turnout：表達(dá)“證實”“變成”5．非謂語主動VS.被動簡易判斷方法：從動詞的及物與不及物判斷：（1）及物動詞的非謂語形式：①主動形式：其后必須有賓語②被動形式：其后沒有賓語（2）不及物動詞的非謂語形式：①主動形式：其后沒有賓語②被動形式：表完成的狀態(tài)，不表被動非謂語作狀語1．【2011四川33】____________animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous．A．Offer B．Offering C．Offered D．Tooffer2．【2005江蘇27】____________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice．A．Havinglost B．LostC．Beinglost D．Losing3．【2006四川33】 ___________withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskon time． A．Faced B．Face C．Facing D．Toface4．【2005湖南22】____________inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor． A．Dressed B．Todress C．Dressing D．Havingdressed5．【2012全國I32】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen____________suchartformsasmusicandpainting．A．havingcomparedto B．comparingtoC．compareto D．comparedto6．【2002全國34】Theresearchissodesignedthatonce____________nothingcanbedonetochangeit．A．begins B．havingbegunC．beginning D．begun7．【2013江西卷34】If____________tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.A.asked B.toask C.asking D.havingasked8．【2008福建30】——Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?——Theboss,nottheworkers．Theyjustcarriedouttheorder____________．A．a(chǎn)stold B．a(chǎn)saretoldC．a(chǎn)stelling D．a(chǎn)stheytold9．【2012湖南23】Time,____________correctly,ismoneyinthebank．A．touse B．used C．using D．use10．【2009重慶25】Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,____________withhisoldone．A．comparing B．compares C．tocompare D．compared11．【2013湖南25】 Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,____________themountainingoldenlight. A．bathed B．bathing C．tohavebathed D．havebathed非謂語作定語1．【2011全國II15】Theisland,____________tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto．A．joining B．tojoinC．joined D．havingjoined2．【2012山東35】Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope____________．A．providing B．providedC．havingprovided D．provide3．【2011江蘇31】Recentlyasurvey____________pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens．A．compared B．comparingC．compares D．beingcompared4．【2006山東29】Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle___________toordinarypeopletheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection．A．beinggiven B．isgivenC．given D．wasgiven5．【2008福建33】Canthose____________atthebackoftheclassroomhearme? A．seat B．sit C．seated D．Sat6．【2009上海33】Withthegovernment’said,those____________bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements．A．a(chǎn)ffect B．a(chǎn)ffecting C．a(chǎn)ffected D．wereaffected7．【2000全國22】Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____________thenextyear．A．carryout B．carryingoutC．carriedout D．tocarryout8．【2011重慶33】MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself____________ofhisowndreams．A．reminding B．toremind C．reminded D．remind9．【2011陜西14】Clairehadherluggage____________anhourbeforeherplaneleft．A．cheek B．checking C．tocheck D．checked10．【1992全國34】Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes____________．A．open B．tobeopenedC．toopen D．opening11．【2013天津卷10】Insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords____________indaily conversations.A．using B．touse C．havingused D．used12．【2013北京29】 Whenwesawtheroad_____________withsnow,wedecidedtospendthe holidayathome.A.block B.toblock C.blocking D.blocked13．【2013湖南29】 Youcannotacceptanopinion_____________toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.A.offering B.toofferC.havingoffered D.offered14．【2007安徽35】——DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?——He___________,becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers．A．hasitfixed B．hadfixeditC．haditfixed D．fixedit15．【2014全國大綱23】 Toadytherearemoreairplanes_____morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies. A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.tobecarrying16．【2014四川5】 Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts______aftergreateffort. A.havingdeveloped B.todevelop C.developed D.develop17．【2014浙江14】 AnnieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse _______toguardher.A.toappoint B.appointing C.appointed D.havingappointed非謂語作表語1．【2009四川4】 Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain____________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop．A．seated B．seating C．toseat D．seat2．【2003上海30】Itisbelievedthatifabookis____________,itwillsurely____________thereader．A．interested interest B．interesting beinterestedC．interested beinteresting D．interesting interest3．【2004全國I28】Sarah,hurryup．I’mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto____________beforetheparty．A．getchanged B．getchangeC．getchanging D．gettochange4．【2000上海春10】Heletmerepeathisinstruction____________surethatIunderstoodwhatwas____________afterhewentaway．A．tomake;tobedone B．making;doingC．tomake;todo D．making;todo5．【2014安徽32】 Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytoget________.,Henrydidhisbesttoperform his duty.A.promoteB.promotedC.promotingD.topromote

主動VS．被動特殊考點(diǎn)1．非謂語的邏輯主語2．獨(dú)立主格3．主動表被動1．非謂語的邏輯主語考查方式：題目給出非謂語的主被動，選擇其邏輯主語，即該非謂語動作的發(fā)出者或承受者。該考查只存在于非謂語作狀語的時候。1．【2006陜西17】Facedwithabillfor$10,000,___________．A．JohnhastakenanextrajobB．thebosshasgivenjohnanextrajobC．a(chǎn)nextrajobhasbeentakenD．a(chǎn)nextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2．【2005全國III18】Whilewatchingtelevision,____________．A．thedoorbellrang B．thedoorbellringsC．weheardthedoorbellring D．weheardthedoorbellrings3．【2004上海42】Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,____________．A．doctorscanetotheirrescueB．thetallbuildingcollapsedC．a(chǎn)nemergencymeasurewastakenD．warningsweregiventotourists4．【2001上海28】Feelingthecarstolen,____________．A．policemanwasaskedtohelpB．theareawassearchedthoroughlyC．itwaslookedforeverywhereD．shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp5．【2001上海春34】InordertoimproveEnglish,____________．A．Jenny’sfatherboughtheralotoftapesB．JennyboughtalotoftapesforherselfC．a(chǎn)lotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny D．a(chǎn)lotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny’sfather6．【2002上海春32】Inorordertomakeourcitygreen,____________．A．itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretrees．B．manymoretreesneedtoplantC．ourcityneedsmoretreesD．wemustplantmoretrees7．【2000上海春18】Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,____________．A．a(chǎn)nundergroundlakewasdiscovered?B．therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC．a(chǎn)lakewasdiscoveredundergroundD．theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake?8．【1991全國12】____________,Iwenttotherailwaystationtoseemyfriendoff．A．AftereatingquicklymydinnerB．AftermyquicklyeatingdinnerC．AftereatingmydinnerquicklyD．Aftereatingmyquicklydinner9．【1996全國24】____________thepoemasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou．A．Yourhavingread B．WhilereadingC．Ifreading D．Whenyouread10．【2005江西29】____________andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor’shelptoendherlife．A．HavinggivenuphopeofcureB．WithnohopeforcureC．TherebeinghopeforcureD．Inthehopeofcure

2．獨(dú)立主格非謂語動詞的獨(dú)立主格是指：非謂語動詞有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語；而且該主語與句子主語無關(guān)。（2）公式：（with）+名詞/代詞+非謂語形式1．【2012全國I28】Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather____________A．permitting B．topermitC．permitted D．permit2．【2012遼寧25】Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog____________them．A．tofollow B．following C．followed D．follows3．【2007安徽29】Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork___________,hegladlyacceptedit．A．finished B．finishingC．havingfinished D．wasfinished4．【2011浙江3】Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,some____________alifespanofaround20years．A．having B．had C．have D．tohave5．【2010山東29】Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready____________foramealtobecooked．A．laid B．laying C．tolay D．beinglaid6．【1999上海20】Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe____________．A．20dollarsremained B．20dollarstoremainC．remained20dollars D．remaining20dollars7．【2014江蘇29】Hislecture____,alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.A.beinggivenB.havinggiven C.tobegiven D.havingbeengiven

3．主動表被動（1）doing主表被：（5+1）①deserve/require/want/need/daredoing=tobedone②beworthdoing=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdone（2）todo主表被：（2類）①Ihavesth.todo（本質(zhì)：Idosth.）=withsth.todo=thereissth.todo（當(dāng)主語不是非謂語發(fā)出者時，todo=tobedone）（在存在句中更是如此）IhaveyougoIhaveyouwaitingIhaveitrepairedIhavesomeclothestowashIhavesomeclothestobewashedIhavesomeclothesforyoutowashThereisnothingtodo無事可做（義務(wù)）Thereisnothingtobedone毫無辦法（可能性）ThereisnothingtoseeThereisnothingtobeseen②I-padiseasytohold（本質(zhì)：雙補(bǔ)語）=JobsmadeI-padeasytohold=IlookattheI-pad,easytohold=I-pad,easytohold,ismadebyJobs（3）特殊動詞主表被：①特殊Vi+adv表物體性質(zhì)sell,wash,clean,readwrite,dry,burn,cook,eat,drink,wear,dress,play,cut,drive,last,open,start,run,act,draw,lock,shut…②“開始”“，”““結(jié)束”主語為物，且不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者；③習(xí)慣用法：tolet,toblame…1．【2008北京】Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,and____________betteronesofyourown．A．introduces B．tointroduce C．introducing D．introduced2．【2012湖南21】We’vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____________toachievethefinalsuccess．A．beingdone B．do C．tobedone D．todo3．【2010山東】Ihavealotofreadings____________beforetheendofthisterm．A．completing B．tocomplete C．completed D．beingcompleted4．【2008上?！縄fthere’salotofwork____________．I’mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished．A．todo B． tobedoing C． done D． doing5．【1999上?！縏herearefivepairs____________,butI’matalosswhichtobuy．A．tobechosen B．tochoosefromC．tochoose D．forchoosing6．【2002上海春】Withalotofdifficultproblems____________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime．A．settled B．settling C．tosettle D．beingsettled7．【2012遼寧29】Thismachineisveryeasy____________．Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes．A．operating B．tobeoperatingC．operated D．tooperate8．【2011安徽】Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier____________intosmallpieces．A．breaks B．breaking C．broken D．tobreak9．【2010四川】Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant____________．A．todealwith B．dealingwithC．tobedealtwith D．dealtwith10．【2012湖南31】Thelecture,____________at7:00pmlastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes．A．starting B．beingstarted C．tostart D．tobestarted11．【2006安徽】Mr．Greenstoodupindefenseofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone___________．A．blamed B．blaming C．toblame D．tobeblamed12．【2000全國春】Thepicture____________onthewallispaintedbymynephew．A．havinghung B．hanging C．hangs D．beinghung13．【2010浙江】Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand____________lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat．A．beingweighed B．toweighC．weighed D．weighing14．【2014北京28】 Therearestillmanyproblems_beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon. A.solving B.solved C.beingsolved D.tobesolved

（三）非謂語的時間判斷1.非謂語的時間有三種情況：主動被動先時性havingdonehavingbeendone（done）同時性doingbeingdone后時性todotobedone2．非謂語的時間判斷有兩類：①非謂語做狀語，其時間先后相對于謂語而言謂語謂語②非謂語做定語或表語，其時間先后由語義決定1）已經(jīng)發(fā)生：先時性2）同時發(fā)生：同時性3）未發(fā)生：后時性作狀語1．【2012全國I32】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen____________suchartformsasmusicandpainting．A．havingcomparedto B．comparingtoC．compareto D．comparedto2．【2012重慶23】____________toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm．A．Havingbeenasked B．ToaskC．Havingasked D．Tobeasked3．【2010湖南】Dina,____________formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency．A．struggling B．struggled C．havingstruggled D．tostruggle4．【2010全國II】Though____________toseeus，theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome．A．surprise B．wassurprisedC．surprised D．beingsurprised5．【2009四川】____________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit．A．Told B．Telling C．Havingtold D．Havingbeentold6．【2012安徽30】When____________forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding．A．a(chǎn)sking B．a(chǎn)sked C．havingasked D．tobeasked7．【2008上?！縄deally____________forBroadwaytheatersandFirthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests．A．locating B．beinglocated C．havingbeenlocated D．located8．【2007陜西】___________thatshedidn’tdoagoodjob,Idon’tthinkIamablerthanher．A．Tohavesaid B．HavingsaidC．Tosay D．Saying9．【2006廣東】Nomatterhowfrequently___________,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld．A．performed B．performingC．tobeperformed D．beingperformed10．【2005全國I、II】Thestormleft,____________alotofdamagetothisarea．A．caused B．tohavecausedC．tocause D．havingcaused11．【2005上海】____________intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns．A．Put B．Putting C．Havingput D．Beingput12．【2005湖北】____________fromoldercontinentsforminionsofyearsAustraliahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld．A．Beingseparated B．HavingseparatedC．Havingbeenseparated D．Tobeseparated13．【2001全國】____________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A．Havingsuffered B．SufferingC．Tosuffer D．Suffered14．【1984全國】____________someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy．A．Followed B．FollowedbyC．Beingfollowed D．Havingbeenfollowedby15．【2012陜西15】____________inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad．A．Standing B．Tostand C． Stood D．Stand16．【2012天津11】Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,____________thebreakfastuntouched．A．left B．toleave C．leaving D．havingleft17．【2012福建34】Pressedfromhisparents,and____________thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames．A．realizing B．realized C．torealize D．beingrealized18．【2012江蘇31】____________animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater．A．Based B．Basing C．Base D．Tobase19．【2011全國II】Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,____________nothingabouttheargument．A．saysB．said C．tosayD．saying20．【2011湖南】Doyouwakeupeverymorning____________energeticandreadytostartanewday?A．feel B．tofeel C．feeling D．felt21．【2011北京】Sitdown,Emma．Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,____________onyourfeet．A．tokeep B．keeping C．havingkept D．tohavekept22．【2010天津】1Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,____________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces．A．caused B．havingcaused C．causing D．tocause23．【2008山東】Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade____________intherestaurant．A．workingB．work C．towork D．worked24．【2009上?！緼smallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,____________allfourpeopleonboard．A．killed B．killing C．kills D．tokill25．【2009遼寧】Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame____________back.A．flooding B．toflood C．flood D．flooded26．【2007天津】Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,___________inthenaturallightduringtheday．A．tolet B．letting C．letD．havinglet27．【2012四川6】Tomtookataxitotheairport,only____________hisplanehighupinthesky．A．finding B．tofind C．beingfound D．tohavefound28．【2012山東26】Georgereturnedafterthewar,only____________thathiswifehadlefthim．A．tobetold B．telling C．beingtold D．told29．【2011重慶】MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproduced____________people’sconcernoverfoodsafety．A．toraise B．raising C．tohaveraised D．havingraised30．【2009全國I】Thechildrenallturned____________thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom．A．lookedat B．tolookatC．tolookingat D．lookat31．【2007山東】Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent___________attheendoflastMarch．A．hasbeenlaunched B．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunched D．tobelaunched32．【2011四川】Simonmadeabigbamboobox____________thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly．A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．tokeep33．【2012北京32】Birdssingingissometimesawarningtootherbirds____________away．A．tostay B．staying C．stayed D．stay34．【2014湖南21】 Children，when_____bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium. A.tobeaccompanied B.toaccompany C.accompanying D.accompanied35．【2014湖南27】 Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland, _____atthenightsky. A.tostare B.staring C.stared D,havingstared36．【2014湖南35】 _____ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions，weeachneeddeep thoughtandinnerquietness. A.HavingfreedB.Freed C.Tofree D.Freeing37．【2014陜西20】 ________thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveral times.[ A.WorkingoutB.WorkedoutC.ToworkoutD.Workout38．【2014四川7】 —Ihopetotakethecomputercourse. —Goodidea.____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.[A.TofindoutB.FindingoutC.TobefindingoutD.Havingfoundout39．【2014天津5】Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only_________itdidn’tfitA.tofind B.found C.finding D.havingfound40．【2014天津8】Clearlyandthoughtfully________,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.A.writing B.towrite C.written D.beingwritten41．【2014重慶11】Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass_____childrendevelopteamspirit.A.helping B.havinghelped C.helped D.tohelp42．【2014福建27】_____thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A.SpendingB.SpentC.HavingspentD.Tospend43．【2014江西31】 ___nearlyallourmoney,wecouldn’taffordtostayatahotel.[ A.Havingspent B.Tospent C.Spent D.Tohavespent作定語1．【2012四川12】Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar____________．A．washed B．wash C．washing D．towash2．【2012上海36】Theclub,____________25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers．A．founded B．founding C．beingfounded D．tobefounded3．【2012浙江11】“It’ssuchaniceplace,”Mothersaidasshesatatthetable____________forcustomers．A．tobereserved B．havingreservedC．reserving D．reserved4．【2010上?！縇ucyhasagreatse