淄博市2023高考英語閱讀類系列系列（4）及答案

第頁淄博市2023高考英語閱讀類系列系列〔4〕及答案本系列訓(xùn)練一共32份，選自歷年的聯(lián)考、質(zhì)檢、期末考試題，很多訓(xùn)練題有詳細(xì)的解析。(201***·合肥第三次質(zhì)檢)Tobeornottobe.Thesesixwordsarethemostfamousinallthe__1__oftheworld.Theywere__2__byHamletwhenhewasthinkingaloud,andtheyarethemostfamouswordsinShakespeare'sworksbecauseHamletwasspeakingnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforevery__3__manandwoman.Tobeornottobe,toliveornottolive,tolive__4__andabundantlyandeagerly,ortolivedullyandmeanlyandscarcely.Aphilosopheroncewantedtoknow__5__hewasaliveornot,whichisagoodquestionforeveryonetoputtohimself__6__.Heanswereditbysaying，“Ithink,__7__Iam.〞Butthebest__8__ofexistenceeverseenwasgivenbyanotherphilosopherwhosaid,“Tobeistobein__9__.〞Ifthisistrue,thenthemorerelationsalivingthinghas,themoreitisalive.Toliveabundantlymeanssimplyto__10__therangeandintensityofourrelations.__11__wearesousedtolovingourroutine.Butapartfromourregular__12__，howmucharewealive?Ifyouare__13__onlyonyourregularoccupation,youarealiveonlytothatextent.If__14__thingsarenotconcernedsofar—poetry,music,pictures,sports，friendships，politics，internationalaffairs—youare__15__.Onthecontrary，itistruethateverytimeyou__16__anewinterestevenmore,anewaccomplishment—youincreaseyourpoweroflife.Noonewhoisdeeplyinterestedinalargevarietyofsubjectscanremain__17___；therealpessimististhepersonwhohaslost__18__.Tobeornottobe—toliveintenselyandrichly，merelytoexist,thatfitswith__19__.Let'swidenandstrengthenourrelations.__20__weliveletlive!“Tobeornottobe.〞生存還是死亡這六個字在世界文學(xué)作品中是最著名的名言。何為存在，何為死亡，哲學(xué)家對此有不同的理解，本文列舉了兩位哲人就“Tobeornottobe，toliveornottolive.〞說明了自己的觀點。1．A.literature B.artsC.history D.architecture答案：A?！按嬖谶€是死亡〞這六個字在世界文學(xué)(作品)中是最有名的。literature文學(xué)，文學(xué)作品。2．A.talked B.carvedC.spoken D.written答案：C。這六個字是莎士比亞名著Hamlet中Hamlet自言自語說的話，也是莎士比亞作品中最著名的名言。3．A.devoting B.thinkingC.demanding D.suffering答案：B。Hamlet不僅僅是為自己說的，也是替所有有思想的、有理性的男男女女而說的。thinking“思考的，有理性的，有思考力的〞，為形容詞作定語。4．A.poorly B.lonelyC.independently D.richly答案：D。從空后的abundantly(充裕地)和eagerly(渴望地，熱切地)的色彩是“積極的〞可以推斷出richly(豐富地)符合語境，其余三項中poorly(貧窮地，貧乏地)和lonely(孤獨(dú)的，孤寂的)語義色彩為消極的，可排除；independently(獨(dú)立地，自立地)雖為積極意義的詞匯，但和下文并列結(jié)構(gòu)中的dully(沉悶地，單調(diào)地)構(gòu)不成對稱關(guān)系，故被排除。(meanly卑賤地，簡陋地，吝嗇地和上文的abundantly對應(yīng)，scarcely“勉強(qiáng)地，幾乎不，簡直沒有〞和上文的eagerly對應(yīng)。)另外下文空19前的richly也暗示了答案。5．A.if B.thatC.who D.whether答案：D。一個哲學(xué)家曾經(jīng)想知道他是死是活。此處whether和后面的ornot構(gòu)成搭配意為“是……還是……〞。6．A.eventually B.occasionallyC.apparently D.slowly答案：B。這是每個人都使自己偶爾思考的問題。occasionally偶爾，間或。apparently顯然地；eventually“最終〞和slowly“慢慢地〞盡管似乎可以說得過去，但不符合語境和邏輯。7．A.until B.thereforeC.however D.whatever答案：B。我思考，所以我活著?？涨昂鬄橐蚬P(guān)系，四個選項中只有therefore(因此，所以)表示因果關(guān)系。8．A.definition B.summaryC.comment D.feedback答案：A。但是曾經(jīng)看過的關(guān)于“存在〞的最好的“定義〞是另外一位哲人下的。definition定義。9．A.reality B.relationsC.orders D.sight答案：B。他說，“存在〞就是處在各種“關(guān)系〞中。relation關(guān)系，聯(lián)系。10．A.create B.increaseC.decrease D.narrow答案：B?！瓰榱嘶畹煤艹鋵崈H僅意味著增加各種關(guān)系的范圍和強(qiáng)度。11．A.Hopefully B.UneasyC.Luckily D.Unfortunately答案：D。不幸的是我們是如此習(xí)慣于我們的常規(guī)生活。12．A.preparation B.demonstrationC.illustration D.occupation答案：D。但除了我們規(guī)那么的日常事務(wù)，我們又有多少生活的內(nèi)涵？occupation工作，職業(yè)，消遣，日常事務(wù)。下文空13后的occupation暗示了答案。13．A.focused B.dependentC.concentrated D.keen答案：D。如果你只是熱衷于你的規(guī)那么的日常生活，你只能活在這個范圍內(nèi)。bekeenon喜愛，熱衷于。focus...on“(使)集中于/集中在〞，其中的focus為及物動詞，假設(shè)和前面be動詞連用的話，需用被動語態(tài)，故排除；bedependenton“取決于，依賴〞，和文意不吻合；beconcentratedon“集中在〞，不符合文意。14．A.other B.theotherC.another D.others答案：A。如果其他的事情不涉及這樣深遠(yuǎn)的程度——詩歌，音樂，圖畫，運(yùn)動，友誼，政治或國際事務(wù)——你就相當(dāng)于死去了。15．A.alive B.livelyC.dead D.live答案：C。從行文邏輯可以看出，生存的程度達(dá)不到某一境界那么相當(dāng)于死亡。16．A.achieve B.acquireC.control D.earn答案：B。每當(dāng)你養(yǎng)成某一種新的甚至更多的興趣或獲得某種成就時你就增強(qiáng)了你生命的能量。acquire獲得，取得，養(yǎng)成，學(xué)到；accomplishment成就，教養(yǎng)，才藝，成績，造詣。17．A.unworried B.uneasyC.unaware D.unhappy答案：D。沒有一個對這么多主題有深厚興趣的人會感到不快樂。18．A.attention B.confidenceC.interest D.patience答案：C。真正的悲觀主義者是一個已經(jīng)失去興趣的人。上文空17前的interested也暗示了答案。19．A.ourselves B.itselfC.themselves D.yourself答案：A。存在還是死亡，為了熱情地、豐富多彩地生存，僅僅只是為了生存，這一法那么也適合自己。fitwith符合，適合。20．A.While B.AlthoughC.Even D.Because答案：A。讓我們拓展和強(qiáng)化我們和這個世界的各種關(guān)系。既然活著，就讓我們好好活著！while“既然〞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。although“即使，縱然〞也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但沒有while的轉(zhuǎn)折意味強(qiáng)。短文改錯〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕該文中共有十處錯誤,每句中最多有兩處,錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線〔＼〕劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改十處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。Ilikeeatingfruitandvegetableswhatareofgreatbenefittoourhealthy.Notonlydotheypreventusfromfallingintoill,buttheyhelpusloseweight.Iusedtohatevegetables,butfollowthedoctor’sadvice,Igraduallykickedthebadhabit.Justasanoldsayinggoing,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway〞.However,therearestillmanychildrendislikefruitandvegetables.Oncontrary,influencedbythisorthatkindofadvertisement,manywerecrazyaboutjunkfood.Consequently,theybecomeweakerandweakerinsteadofgettingstrong.Inmyopinion,wemusttakeactiontochangethem.【答案】Ilikeeatingfruitandvegetableswhat〔改為which/that〕areofgreatbenefittoourhealthy〔改為health〕.Notonlydotheypreventusfromfallinginto〔去掉into〕ill,buttheyhelpusloseweight.Iusedtohatevegetables,butfollow〔改為following〕thedoctor’sadvice,Igraduallykickedthebadhabit.Justasanoldsayinggoing〔改為goes〕,“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway〞.However,therearestillmanychildrendislike〔改為disliking或在dislike前加who〕fruitandvegetables.On〔加the〕contrary,influencedbythisorthatkindofadvertisement,manywere〔改為are〕crazyaboutjunkfood.Consequently,theybecomeweakerandweakerinsteadofgettingstrong〔改為stronger〕.Inmyopinion,wemusttakeactiontochangethem.〔改為it〕************************************************************結(jié)束〔201*·陜西卷〕InearlyautumnIappliedforappliedforadmissiontocollege.IwantedtogonowherebuttoCornellUniversity“Youcan’tsayit’snotagreatuniversity,justbecausePapawentthere.〞“That’snotitatall.Anditisatopuniversity.〞Shewasstillholdingthepiecesinherhand.“Butwecan’taffordtosendyoutocollege.〞“Iwouldn’tdreamofaskingyouformoney.DoyouwantmetogetajobtohelpsuppontyouandPapa?Thingsaren’tthatbad,arethey?〞“No,〞shesaid.“Idon’texpectyoutohelpsupportus.〞Fatherborrowedmoneyformhisrichcousinstostartasmalljewelleryshop,Hischiefcustomerswerehisoldcollegefriends.Togetnewcustomers,mymotherhadtohelp.Shepickedupalong-forgottenmembershipinthelocalleagueofwomen,sothatshecoundgettoknowmorepeople.Whetherthosepeoplewouldturnintocustomerswasanotherquestion.IknewthatmyParentshadtowaitforquitealongtimebeforetheirsmallinvestment(投資)couldshowreturns.What’smore,theyhadnotwantedenoughtoberochandsuccessful；otherwisetheycoundnotpossiblyhavemanagedtheirlivessobadly.Iwastornbetweenthedesavetohelpthemandchange,theirlives,andthedeterminstionnottorepeattheirmistakes.IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogowhatIwanted.AftermonthsofhardstudyIwonafullcollegescholarship〔獎學(xué)金〕.Myfathercouldhardlycontainhisprideinme,andmymothereventuallygaveinbeforemysuccess.53.TheauthorwasnotallowedtogotoCornellUniversitymainlybecause【D】hisfathergrduatedfromtheuniversityhismotherdidnotthinksitagreatuniversityhisparentsneededhimtohelpsupportthefamilyhisparentsdidnothaveenoughmoneyforhim54.Thefathersrartedhissmallshopwiththemoneyfrom.【C】A.alocalleagueB.hisuniversityC.hisrelativesD.hiscollegefriends55.Whydidthemotherrenewhermembershipintheleague?【A】A.Tohelpwithherhusband’sbusinessB.ToraisemoneyforhersonC.Tomeetherlong-forgottenfriendsD.Tobettermanageherlife56.Accordingtothetext,whatwastheauthordeterminedtodointhatautumn?【C】Togetawell-paidjobforhimselfToimproverelationswithhismotherTogotohisdreamuniversityTocarryonwithhisfather’sbusiness******************************************************結(jié)束TherewereredfacesatoneofBritain’sbiggestbanksrecently.Theyhadacceptedatelephoneordertobuy￡100,000worthofsharesfroma15-year-oldschoolboy(theythoughthewas21).Thesharesfellinvalueandtheschoolboywasunabletopayup.Thebanklost￡20,000onthedealwhichitcannotgetback,because,foronething,theyoungboydoesnothavethemoney,foranother,beingunder18,heisnotlegallyliableforhisdebts.Iftheshareshadriseninvaluebythesameamountthattheyfell,hewouldhavepocketed￡20,000profit.Itcertainlyisbetterthandeliveringthemorningnewspaper.Inanothercase,aboyof14found,inhisgrandmother’shouse,asuitcasefullofforeignbanknotes.Buttheywerenownotusedintheircountryoforiginoranywhereelse.Thisyoungboyheadedstraighttothenearestbankwithhispocketsfilledwithnotes.Thecashiersdidnotrealizethecountryinquestionhadreducedthevalueofitscurrencyby90%.Theyexchangedthenotesattheirfacevalueatthecurrentexchangerate.Inthreedays,beforehewasfoundout,hetook￡200,000fromninedifferentbanks.Amazingly,hehadalreadyspentmorethanhalfofthisbeforethepolicecaughtupwithhim.Becauseheisalsounder18thebankshavekissedgoodbyetoalotofmoney,andseveralcashiershavelosttheirjobs.Shouldweadmiretheseyoungstersforbeingenterprisingandshowinginitiativeorcondemnthemfortheirdishonesty?Maybetheyhadmanagedforyearswithtinyamountsofpocketmoneythattheygotfromtight-fistedparents.MaybetheyhaddoneSaturdayjobsforpeanuts.Itishardlysurprising,giventheexpensivethingsthatyoungpeoplewanttobuy,suchasfashionablerunningshoesandcomputergames,iftheysometimesthinkupmoreimaginativewaysofmakingmoneythandeliveringnewspapers.Theseyoungsterssawthechancetomakealotofmoneyandtookit.Anotherrecentstorywhichshouldgiveusfoodforthoughtisthecaseofthemanwhopaidhissix-year-olddaughter￡300aweekpocketmoney.Hethenchargedherforthefoodsheateafewcoinsforherpiggybank〔存錢灌〕“Shewillsoonlearnthevalueofmoney,〞hesaid.“There’snosuchthingasafreelunch.Everythinghastobepaidforandthesoonershelearnsthatthebetter.〞Attheotherextremetherearefondparentswhoprovidefreebedandboardfortheirgrown-upchildren,Whileeventhemosthard-heartedparentsmighthesitatetothrowtheirchildrenoutonthestreets,weallknowofpeopleintheirtwentieswhostillshamelesslyliveofftheirparents.Surelytherecomesatimewheneveryonehastoleavetheparentalnest,lookafterthemselvesandpaytheirownwayinlife.Butwhenisit?10.RecentlyoneofBritain’sbiggestbanks_____.A.boughtalotofsharesforacustomerandbroughthimagreatlossB.lostmoneyasitsyoungcustomerhadnomoneytopayhisdebtsC.lostmuchmoneybecausethesharestheyboughtfellinvalueD.receivedatelephoneordertobuysharesfora21-year-oldboy11.Theyoungcustomer_____.A.wouldhavepaidhisdebts,hadhehadthemoneytodosoB.wouldbesenttoprisonifhedidn’tpayhisdebtsC.wouldhavemade￡20,000,hadthesharesriseninvaluebythesameamounttheyfellD.wouldhavecontinuedtocheatbanks,ifhehadnotbeenfoundout12.Theauthor’sattitudetotheexampleofthetwoboyswhocheatedthebanksis_____.A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.questioningD.negative13.Themanpaidhisdaughter￡300aweekpocketmoneyandthenrequiredhertopayforherlivingexpensesbecause_____.A.hewantedhertoknowmakingmoneywasnoteasyB.hewantedtosavemoneyforherfutureeducationC.hethoughtitusefulforfamilymemberstobearlifehardshipstogetherD.hewantedhertolearnthevalueofmoney14.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheauthorbelievesthat_____.A.childrenshouldleavetheparentalnestassoonaspossibleB.grown-upchildrenshouldliveontheirownC.childrenshouldbetaughtnottocheatothersD.parentsshouldgivemorepocketmoneytotheirchildren10.B.首段第3-4行11.C.首段第6行12.A.第二段后半局部Itishardlysurprising…13.D.末段“Shewillsoonlearnthevalueofmoney,〞14.B.文章結(jié)尾處概括**************************************************************結(jié)束Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?

Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinoursocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.

Thesecondistheapplicationofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandaction

thatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistiscurious-hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallypaysattentiontoproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfyingexplanation,and

looksforrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,

hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjective(客觀的)andusesthefactsheobservestothefullest.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum(光譜).

Hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable.Herejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectively.

Furthermore,

hedoesnotreadilyaccepthisownidea,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,

heisfullofimagination

sinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,

heneedsimagination

ifhewantstoguesshowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.

Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.10.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough_________A.knowledgeonly.B.morethanoneaspect.

C.technologyonly.

D.theuseofmachines.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutacuriousscientistisTRUE?A.Hedoesn’tfindconfidenceandpleasureinwork.B.Heisinterestedinproblemsthatareexplained.C.Hemakeseffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.D.Helooksfornewwaysofacting.

12.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldNOT_______________.A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.B.easilycriticizeothers'researchwork.

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

13.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethedatathatagoodscientistuses?A.completeB.objectiveC.complicatedD.accurate14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodemsociety.

C.Scientists'waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

10.B。從第二段中manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.可知科學(xué)在兩個方面推動社會進(jìn)步。11.C。D選項的意思是“他總是尋求行動的新方法〞，文中沒有提及。A應(yīng)是findconfidenceandpleasure.D應(yīng)是thatareunexplained12.A。從文中可知，科學(xué)家不是很容易相信沒有檢驗的結(jié)論，但是他不僅批判別人的工作，還批判自已的工作，工作時需要想象力，充分利用自已觀察所得。13.C。倒數(shù)第二段中的complex等于complicated，意思是“復(fù)雜的〞。14.C。文中前兩段簡要介紹社會的進(jìn)步依賴于科學(xué)的哪兩個方面；后局部詳細(xì)介紹第二個方面，即科學(xué)家的思考和行為方式。***********************************************************結(jié)束完形填空(201***·杭州質(zhì)檢二)Iwaswithmyoldestsonandwewereonthelookoutforanopenparkingspaceinourjam-packedshoppingcenter.Wespotteda(n)__1__oneinthenextrowofspaces，andIdroveourvanaroundtheturn，allthewhilehopingnooneelsewouldspotitandgrabit__2__Icould.And，asluckwouldhaveit，aladywas__3__hershoppingcartrightinfrontofus，anditlookedlike__4__wasgettingawayfrom—herfilledwithbagsandcartonsofsoda.Sheherselfwascarryingthreeextrabagsinherhandswhiletryingtopushthecart__5__astrongspringwind，andlooked__6___.Suddenlythecarthitabumpandeverythingfelloff.AtthatpointIfeltsomethingsnapinme.Ipulledthevanintoanunloading__7__andtoldmysontowaitforamoment.Irushedovertoherandthe__8__thingshedidwastoapologizeseveraltimes.Ihelpedher__9__everythingup，tooktheextrabags__10__fromherhands，andwalkedhertohercar.Shetoldmeshewastryingto__11___hometoherson'sthirteenthbirthdayparty.Ihelpedherloadthe__12__andshestoppedandlookedatmeandjustsaid，“Thankyousomuch.〞Ismiledandsaid,“Iamamotherofthreeanddoyouthink__13__haseverhelpedmeout?Iamjustreturningthe__14__.〞Shesmiledandsaid，“Godblessyou〞andgotinhercar.Iwalkedtherowovertomyvan__15__mysonwaswaitingandhadbeen__16__.“Whowasthat,Mom？〞heaskedme.“Shewasa__17__too,tryingtogethomeforherson'sbirthdayparty.Sheneededourhelp，〞Isaid.AndIjustknewhe__18__withthatclaritychildrenallseemtohave.Wefoundagood__19__andwalkedtogethertowardsthestore.Aswewerewalking,mysontookmyhand.Itwasthemosttouching__20__ofall,andIrealizedmorethaneverthatourchildrenarealwayswatching.家長的所作所為都被孩子看在眼里，家長的言傳身教對孩子的影響是無形的、潛移默化的。1．A.typical B.enjoyableC.expensive D.perfect答案：D。我和大兒子在擁擠的購物中心的停車場尋找一個車位，我們看見另一排有一個完美的停車點。spot瞥見，覺察，發(fā)現(xiàn)。2．A.before B.becauseC.unless D.though答案：A。我開著我們的有篷貨車轉(zhuǎn)彎過去，希望不會有人在我們到達(dá)前發(fā)現(xiàn)它并搶先占位。3．A.driving B.wheelingC.carrying D.searching答案：B。好似命運(yùn)使然，剛好有一位女士推著購物車在我們前面走過。4．A.there B.sheC.it D.I答案：C。而且看起來正在避開她——購物車上裝滿各種各樣的包和包裝盒子。getawayfrom離開，逃脫。5．A.beyond B.againstC.between