高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)-虛擬語(yǔ)氣

虛擬語(yǔ)氣是說(shuō)話人表達(dá)的一種假設(shè),或一種主觀愿望,即動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)并非真實(shí)或僅是主觀設(shè)想時(shí)所用的動(dòng)詞形式。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的定義

E.g.IfI

wereyou,

Iwouldtakethemaway.一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Ifhecame

here,hewouldhelpyou.Weuseunrealconditionalstostateapresentconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorimaginary.Weformunreal

present

conditionalslikethis:1.假如我有更多的時(shí)間，我就會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)德語(yǔ)。IfI

hadmore

time，I

wouldstudy

German.2.如果我年輕的話，我就會(huì)參軍。

IfI

wereyoung,I

wouldjointhearmy.Practice:一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法If…were/did…,…would/could/might/shoulddo…Wealsouseunrealconditionalstorefertoanimaginarypastaction.E.g.Ifyouhadjoinedthechatroomtenminutesago,youwouldhaveknownwhatweweretalkingabout.一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Weformunreal

past

conditionalslikethis:1)如果他抓緊時(shí)間，他本來(lái)能趕上那趟火車。Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.2)如果你昨天告訴他，他也許會(huì)提些建議了。

Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday,hemighthavemadesomesuggestions.一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法If…h(huán)adbeen/done……would/should/could/mighthavedone…IfI___________busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegone一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Weuseunreal

future

conditionalstotalkaboutimaginaryfuturesituations.1)IfIhadtimetomorrow,Iwouldcertainly

helpyou.2)IfIweretofailmyMathtest,Iwould

takeitagainattheendoftheterm.3)Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwould

talk

tohimaboutit.E.g.一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Weformunreal

futureconditionalslikethis:If…did/should/wereto…,…would/should/mightdo…Practice:1)假如我要出國(guó)，我就會(huì)去法國(guó)。IfI

wereto

goabroad,I

wouldgo

toFrance.2)萬(wàn)一明天下雨，我們明天就不上學(xué)。Ifit

shouldrain

tomorrow,wewouldnot

gotoschool.一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)did(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/

should/might+do一、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Makesentences,usingunrealconditionals.1)would,could

and

might

areofteninterchangeable,butwithsomedifferencesinmeaning.would→intention;plan（意圖；計(jì)劃）could→ability;possibility（能力；可能性）might→possibility（可能性）二、使用虛擬條件句時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：2)InwrittenEnglishorinformalsituation,weusuallyuse

were

inIf-clausesinplaceof

was.However,ineverydayconversation,was

isoftenused.二、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法Ifhewas/werehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.E.g.3）當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為：“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整．Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你聽(tīng)我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了．如果你以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是大學(xué)生了．二、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法4）在條件句中，可省略if，把were,had,should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式．IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.二、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法WereIatschoolagain,

Iwouldstudyharder.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.二、一般條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中用with;butfor(要不是);without等構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句；Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?Whatwouldyoudoifyouhadamilliondollars?Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetask.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’tfinishedthetask.

5）含蓄條件句有時(shí)也可以通過(guò)連詞or，orelse，otherwise，but等表達(dá)條件從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhaveattendedyourwedding.(副詞)Heinformedmeofyourbirthday.OrIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.

(連詞)_______forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.IftheywerenotPractice2.Hecamelate,otherwisehe_______thefirstbus.A.caughtB.wouldcatchC.wouldhavecaughtD.hadcaught3.___Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.AmB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you____permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavegotD.mayhavegot5.Withoutelectroniccomputer,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_____.A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachievedC.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)did(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/

should/might+doSummary一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中

二、在非真實(shí)條件句中需要注意的幾點(diǎn)3.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句1.would；could