2019-2020年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)篇回答問(wèn)題類(lèi)(附詳解)

2019-2020年中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)篇11回答問(wèn)題類(lèi)（六）（附詳

解）

NearlyallAmericanstudentsincollegesanduniversitiespayfortheireducation.Ther

earemanyexpenses.Firstofall,thereistuition(學(xué)費(fèi)).Atsomeschools,thetuitionis

veryhigh,tenthousanddollarsayearormore.Atotherschools,itmayonlybeafewh

undreddollarsayear.Atsomecommunity(社區(qū))colleges,tuitionisfree.Thereareother

expensesaswell.Manystudentsleavetheirhomestogotoschoolsinothercities.They

mayliveindormitoriesorapartments(flats),andtheymustpayforit.Finally,students

mustbuytextbooksfortheircourses.Somefamiliesstartsavingmoneyfortheirchildre

n’seducationwhenthechildrenaresmall.Manystudentsworktosavemoneyfortuition.

Theycanalsogetloans(貸款)fromthegovernment.Theypaythemoneybacktothe

governmentwhentheyfinishtheireducation.

閱讀短文，回答問(wèn)題或完成答句，每題詞數(shù)不超過(guò)5個(gè)

1.Whichstudentspayfortheireducation?

_______________incollegesanduniversitiespayfortheireducation.

2.Howmuchisthehighertuition?

Itis_______________ormore.

3.Arethereanyfreetuitioncolleges?

___________________________.

4.Whydomanystudentsliveindormitoriesorapartments?

Becausethey_______________.

5.Whatmuststudentsbuyfinally?

Theymust_______________.

6.Whendomanystudentspaybacktheirloansfromthegovernment?

Theypaythemback_______________.

B

Somepeoplewanttobeshotintospaceaftertheirdeath,otherswanttoliedeepun

derthesea.Butmostpeoplewanttogointothefreezer(冷藏庫(kù)).Thesearebelieversincr

yogenics(低溫冷凍學(xué)).

Nowsomediseasescan’tbecured,buttheymaybecuredsometimeinthefuture.S

osomepeoplehopethattheirbodiescanbefrozenaftertheydie.Whenacureisfound,

warmuphisorherbody,bringitbacktolifeandtakethecure.Oncethebodyisfroz

en,itiskeptinliquidnitrogen(液態(tài)氮)atatemperatureof328degreesbelowzero.

Nowaroundathousandpeoplearegoingtotakecryogenictreatment(處理),though

mostscientistssayitwon’twork.Ifwefreezehugecreatures(生物)likehumans,everyo

neoftheircells(細(xì)胞)willbebroken.Cantheybebroughtbacktolifeinthefuture?

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

7.Wheredomostpeoplehopethattheirbodiesarekeptaftertheirdeath?

_________________________________________

8.Whydotheywanttheworldtokeeptheirbodieswell?

_________________________________________

9.Howdoscientistsusuallykeepadeadman’sbody?

_________________________________________

10.Howmanypeoplearegoingtotakecryogenictreatmentaftertheydie?

___________________________________________

C

Arichmanwasonceridingalongtheroadandsawanoldmandigginginhisgard

en.Onthegroundlayayoungtree,readytobeplanted.Therichmancalledouttothe

oldman,“Whatkindoftreeareyouplantingthere,mygoodman?”

“Thisisafig(無(wú)花果)tree,sir.”Hesaid.

“Afigtree?”therichmanwasverysurprised,“Why,howoldareyou,mayIask?”

“Iamninetyyearsold.”

“What!”criedtherichman,“You’reninetyyearsold.Youareplantingaveryyoung

treenowandit’lltakeyearstogivefruit.Youcertainlydon’thopetolivelongenough

togetanyfruitfromthistree.”Theoldmanlookedaroundthegarden.Thenhesaid

withasmile,“Tellme,sir.Didyoueatfigswhenyouwereaboy?”“Sure,”themandi

dnotknowwhyheaskedthisquestion.“Thentellmethis,”hesaid,“Whoplantedthef

igtrees?”“Why-why?Idon’tknow.”“Yousee,sir.”wentontheoldman,“Ourforefather

s(祖先)plantedtreesforustoenjoyandIamdoingthesameforthepeopleafterme.”

Therichmanwasquietandsaid,“Youareright，mygoodman.Weshoulddosome

thingsforthepeopleafterus.Thankyouverymuch.”Thenherodeaway.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

11.Whattreewastheoldmanplantingwhentherichmansawhim?

________________________________________

12.Howoldwastheoldman?

_________________________________________

13.Theoldmanwasplantingthetreetogethimselfsomefruittoeat，wasn’the?

Whowasheplantingthetreefor?

____________________________________________

14.Didtherichmaneatfigswhenhewasaboy?

____________________________________________

15.Whatshouldwedoforthepeopleafterus?

_____________________________________________

D

Ingeneral，lawsforchildrenareagoodthing.

Onehundredyearsagoinindustrialcountries,childrenworked18hoursadayinaf

actoryatageseven.Thefactoryownercouldbeatachildwhofellasleeporwasnotfast

enough.Bothparentsandteacherscoulddothesame.

Today,therearemanylawsaboutchildrenallovertheworld.Somepeoplethinkchi

ldrenmustobeyrulesortheyshouldbepunished，othersdonotagree.TheInuitsorEski

mosinAlaskaalmostneverpunishtheirchildren.Theparentsdon’thitthem.Ifthechild

rengotoofar，theparentspunishthembymakingfunofthem.

ChildreninotherpartsoftheworldarenotasluckyasEskimochildren.American

parentscanspank(打……臀部)theirchildrenathome，butateachercannothitachildin

apublicschool.ThisisalsotrueinGermany.Incontrast(對(duì)比),itisagainstthelawfor

anyonetohitachildinSweden.Swedishparentscannotspanktheirchildren.Thechildre

nalsohaveaspecialgovernmentofficialwhoworksfortheirrights.Thereisevenapla

nforchildrentodivorcefromtheirparentsthoughthisisnotalawyet！

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

16.Howwerechildrentreatedinindustrialcountries100yearsago?

________________________________________.

17.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“gotoofar?”

________________________________________.

18.CanateacherinGermanyhithisstudentsinpublicschool?

________________________________________.

19.WhatkindofpeoplecanbeatchildreninSweden?

__________________________________________.

20.Whatdoesitmeanby“aplanforchildrentodivorcefromtheirparents?”

_________________________________________.

E

Sydneyisayoungcity.Itshistorygoesbackjustover200years.ButinAustralia,i

tistheoldestcity.Itisalsothecountry’slargestcity.SydneyisthecapitalofNewSou

thWalesandthemostpopulous(人口稠密的)cityofAustralia.

Theclimate(氣候)ofSydneyisverygood.It’snottoocoldduringthewinterandn

ottoohotduringthesummer.Theskyisblue，theairisfresh(清新的),birdssinginthe

garden.PeoplewholiveinSydneyseemtohaveaneasylifestyle.Theywilltellyou,

“Don’tworry.”

ManypeoplethinkthatSydneyisoneofthemostattractivecitiesintheworld.Ith

asmanytallandmodernbuildings.Amongthem,CentrepointToweristhetallest.Standin

gonthe305--metre(80storeys)tower,youwillhaveagreatview(視野)ofthecity.

Sydneyisfamousforitsdeepharbor(港口).Theharborhasmanybays(灣)andbeaut

ifulsurfbeaches.Amongthem,Bondibeachisthemostpopular.SydneyHarborisnoto

nlybeautiful,italsoservesasalargeport.Shipscarrywool,wheatandmeatfromSydn

eytoothercountries.

PeoplelivinginSydneyliketocallthemselvesSydneysiders.Theyaremostlyfriendl

yandeasygoing.Whentheyarenotworking,theylovetohaveagoodtimeatthebeach,

swimmingandsailing.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

21.HowoldisSydney?

________________________________________

22.HowistheclimateofSydney?

________________________________________

23.HowtallisCentrepointTower?

________________________________________

24.WhatisSydneyfamousfor?

________________________________________

25.WhatdopeoplelivinginSydneylovetodowhentheyarenotworking?

________________________________________

【參考答案】

A篇

【文章大意】幾乎所有的美國(guó)大學(xué)生都要支付教育費(fèi)用。首先是學(xué)費(fèi)。有些學(xué)校的

學(xué)費(fèi)很貴，高達(dá)一萬(wàn)美元一年甚至更多。還有其它的費(fèi)用，如住宿費(fèi)。最后還有教材費(fèi)。有

些家庭在孩子還小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始積攢教育經(jīng)費(fèi)，很多學(xué)生通過(guò)工作來(lái)掙錢(qián)支付學(xué)費(fèi)，他們也

可以向政府借貸，畢業(yè)后再還。

1.NearlyallAmericanstudents

2.tenthousanddollarsayear

3.Yes,therearesome

4.studyinothercities/leavetheirhomestostudy/studyawayfromtheirhomes/

don’tstudyneartheirhomes

5.buytextbooksfortheircourses

6.whentheyfinishtheireducation

B篇

【文章大意】有些人死后想被發(fā)射到太空去，有些人想被深埋在海底之下，但多數(shù)人

想要被低溫冷凍?，F(xiàn)在有些疾病不能治療，但到了將來(lái)它們可能會(huì)被治好。于是有些人希望

死后尸體能被冷凍起來(lái)，等找到了治療方法，再讓他們復(fù)活。盡管大多數(shù)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為這種方

法不起作用，還是有1,000多人準(zhǔn)備接受低溫冷凍。

7.Inthefreezer.

8.Theyhopethattheycancomebacktolifeoneday.

9.Theyusuallykeepitinliquidnitrogenatatemperatureof328degreesbelowzer

o.

10.Around1.000people.

C篇

【文章大意】一位富人見(jiàn)一位90歲的老人在種無(wú)花果樹(shù)，感到很驚訝。老人對(duì)他說(shuō)，

“我們的祖先為我們?cè)詷?shù)，供我們享受，我也為我的后人們做同樣的事?！?/p>

11.Hewasplantingafigtree.

12.Hewasninetyyearsold.

13.No,hewasn’t.Hewasplantingthetreeforthepeopleafterhim.

14.Yes,hedid.

15.Weshoulddosomegoodthingsforthepeopleafterus.

D篇

【文章大意】通常而言，為兒童制定法律是件好事。100多年前，在工業(yè)國(guó)家，7歲

大的孩子在工廠(chǎng)一天要工作18小時(shí)，工廠(chǎng)的老板可以打小孩，家長(zhǎng)和老師們也可以這樣做。

今天世界上有很多保護(hù)兒童的法律。有些人認(rèn)為兒童應(yīng)該遵紀(jì)守法，否則就要受到懲罰。其

他人則不同，愛(ài)斯基摩人從不懲罰兒童。如果孩子們做得太過(guò)份了，父母親用開(kāi)玩笑的方式

來(lái)懲罰他們。在其他地方則不同，美國(guó)的家長(zhǎng)可以在家打孩子的屁股，但老師不能在學(xué)校打

學(xué)生。德國(guó)跟美國(guó)一樣。但在瑞士任何人都不能打孩子，并有專(zhuān)門(mén)的政府部門(mén)來(lái)維護(hù)孩子們

的權(quán)利。

16.Theyweretreatedverybadly.

17.Dosomethingtoomuch.

18.No,hecan’t.

19.Nonecandothat.

20.Aplanforendingthechildren’srelationshipwiththeirparents.

E篇

【文章大意】這是一篇介紹悉尼的文章，分別從歷史、氣候、建筑、港口和居民等方

面闡述了悉尼的迷人之處。

21.It’sjustover200yearsold.

22.It’snottoocoldduringthewinterandnottoohotduringthesummer.It’svery

good.

23.It’s305meterstall.

24.Sydneyisfamousforitsdeepharbor.

25.Theylovetogoswimmingandsailing.

閱讀簡(jiǎn)答實(shí)例分析

(A)

JohnSmithwasanoldporter.Heworkedatthestation.Everydayhewasbusycarr

yingheavythingsforthepeople.Hewascarefulwithhiswork.Hewaskindtoeveryon

e.Hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.

Onemorninghestoodinthestation.Hewaswaitingforthetrain.Justthenhesaw

amanrunningtowardsthetrainswithabigbaginhishand.

“Notrainisstarting.Whyisheinsuchahurry?”theoldmanthoughttohimself.

Hewentuptothemanandasked,“MayIhelpyou?”

Assoonasthemansawtheporter,hestoppedrunning.

“CanIcatchthe10:35traintoLondon?”themanasked.Helookedworried.

Theoldporterlookedathimforafewsecondsandsaid,“Well,sir.I’dliketohelp

you,butIcan’tansweryourquestionbecauseIdon’tknowhowfastyoucanrun.”Th

enheexplainedtotheman,“The10:35traintoLondonleftfiveminutesago.Canyour

unfastenoughtocatchit?”

1.WhatwasJohn’sjob?

2.Wheredoyouthinkthemanwasgoing?

3.Whydidthemanruntowardsthetrainsandlookworried?

4.Whattimewasitwhenthemangottothestation?

5.WhatdoyouthinkofJohnSmith?

【答案及解析】

通讀全文,故事講述的是車(chē)站搬運(yùn)工JohnSmith有一天在火車(chē)站同一名旅客間的一段

對(duì)話(huà)，故事很幽默。

第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)題，第1段清楚地說(shuō)明了他的工作：JohnSmithwasanoldpo

rter。porter的意思的“(車(chē)站、碼頭)的搬運(yùn)工人”，如果考生不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)詞，也可以由Hew

orkedatthestation.Everydayhewasbusycarryingheavythingsforthepeople.這兩句

話(huà)了解他的工作性質(zhì)。因此第一個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答：John’sjobwastocarryheavythingsfort

hepeopleatstation./Hewasaporter.

第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是一個(gè)推理題，問(wèn)題:這名旅客要去哪里。由文中這句旅客的問(wèn)話(huà)CanIcat

chthe10:35traintoLondon?很容易推斷出他要去倫敦。

第三個(gè)問(wèn)題仍要求考生推理得出答案，問(wèn)題：為什么此人看上去很急的樣子朝火車(chē)趕去。

很顯然是因?yàn)樗谮s火車(chē)。對(duì)why提問(wèn)要用because進(jìn)行回答，第三個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答是Becau

sehewantedtocatchthe10:35traintoLondon.

第四個(gè)問(wèn)題是推理題,問(wèn)的是：這名旅客趕到火車(chē)站的時(shí)間。由下文John的回答The

10:35traintoLondonleftfiveminutesago可知火車(chē)已開(kāi)走，這名旅客趕到的時(shí)間是大約1

，因此第四題的回答是：。第五個(gè)問(wèn)題是歸納題

0:40Itwasabout1040(twentytoeleven),

考查考生對(duì)文章大意的理解。這個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答實(shí)際上就是全文的中心句,在第一自然段里

已做了介紹。Hewascarefulwithhiswork.Hewaskindtoeveryoneandalwaysreadyt

ohelpothers.

(B)

JohnBrown,anofficeworker,livesinWashington,Heinherited(繼承)$1,000,000

whenhewas23.Hedidn’tfeelhappyatall.Hiscollegefriendswerelookingfortheirfi

rstjobs,buthedidn’thaveto.Johndecidedtokeeplivingasimplelifelikeeveryoneel

se.Hedidn’ttellanyofhisfriendsandgave$100,000ofhismoneytoacharity(慈善

團(tuán)體)thathelpedpoorchildrentolivebetterlives,butheismuchhappier.

Uptonow,Johnhashelped15childrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworld,$20

0amonthforeach.Thechilddoesnotreceivethemoneyincash(現(xiàn)金).Themoneypay

sforthechild’sschoolexpenses,food,medicalcareandclothing.Johnreceivesareport

eachyearonthechild’sprogress.Theycanwritetoeachother,butusuallythechildren

donotspeakEnglish.

WhenJohnfirstheardaboutthesechildren,hewantedtohelpthem.“Itwasnotany

thingspecial,”hesaid,“UntilIhadthechancetogotothesecountriesandmeetthechil

drenIwashelping,Ididnotknowanythingaboutthetypeoflifetheyhad.”

OnceJohnwenttomeetalittlegirlinAfrica.Hesaidthatthemeetingwasveryex

citing.“WhenImether,Ifeltveryveryhappy,”hesaid,“Isawthatthemoneywasu

sedforaverygoodplan.Itbroughtmeclosertothechildinawaythatgivingmoney

alonecannot”“IwanttodoeverythingIcan.Iwillgoonhelpingthosechildreninnee

d,“headded.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題，不超過(guò)五個(gè)單詞：

1.WhatkindoflifeisJohnliving?

Heislivinga_______________________..

2.DidJohnwanttolookforajoborstayathomeafterhegotthemoney?

___________________

3.DoesJohnonlyhelpthepoorchildreninAfrica?

____________________________

4.Thechildreceivesthemoneyincash,doesn’the?

_______________________________

5.WhydidJohnsaythatthemeetingwiththelittlegirlwasveryexciting?

Becausehesawhismoneywaswellusedandthismadehim_____________.

6..HowdoyoulikeJohnBrown?

Heis_______________________

【答案及解析】

這篇短文講述的是JohnBrown繼承了一筆遺產(chǎn),并用這筆錢(qián)來(lái)資助15個(gè)孩子的故事。

注意有的問(wèn)題是用句子回答，有的則是用短語(yǔ)或詞回答，詞數(shù)有要求，不能超過(guò)五個(gè)單詞。

閱讀簡(jiǎn)答的答題技巧

學(xué)生們做“閱讀簡(jiǎn)答”這樣的題目時(shí)，普遍覺(jué)得不難，而考試結(jié)果一出來(lái)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)得高分

的不多，原因就在于這種題型不僅要求考生讀懂文章,還要求他們用自己的語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練的回答

有關(guān)問(wèn)題；既考查了學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，也考查了他們的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力和概括能力,另外,

對(duì)回答的拼寫(xiě)、語(yǔ)法的正確性的要求，使得做簡(jiǎn)答題有一定的難度。再加上解答這樣的題型

幾乎沒(méi)有猜題的技巧可言，也從某種意義上加大了做題的難度。要想取得較好的成績(jī)，好的

解題步驟和技巧是非常重要的。

1.通讀全文。做簡(jiǎn)答題的關(guān)鍵是要讀懂原文，因此首先要通讀全文、弄清楚段落大意

及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度，正確理解語(yǔ)境。

2.按題查讀，即根據(jù)問(wèn)題去尋找答案。認(rèn)真閱讀問(wèn)題，充分理解問(wèn)題，準(zhǔn)確理解所問(wèn)

的內(nèi)容，確定需要在文章中查找的對(duì)象，避免答非所問(wèn)。

3.簡(jiǎn)練作答。在基本確定了每道題的回答內(nèi)容之后，就要用簡(jiǎn)練、準(zhǔn)確的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)出

來(lái)。注意回答問(wèn)題時(shí)要切中要點(diǎn)，不要畫(huà)蛇添足。組織答案時(shí)，注意避免語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，如：時(shí)

態(tài)、主謂一致、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和拼寫(xiě)等。如需引用原文，要作適當(dāng)改動(dòng)，最好不要整句照搬.

4.認(rèn)真核查。完成所填的答案以后，再將原短文和補(bǔ)全后的短文或句子放在一