2015年英語專四完形填空真題答案和解析和原文出處和cloze練習(xí)1

.../Electricityissuchapartofoureverydaylivesandsomuchtakenforgrantednowadays1___werarelythinktwicewhenweswitchonthelightorturnontheTVset.Atnight,roadsarebrightlylit,enablingpeopleand2___tomovefreely.Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthe3___ofeverymoderncity.Inthehome,many4___devicesarepoweredbyelectricity.5___whenweturnoffthebedsidelampandare6___asleep,electricityisworkingforus,7___ourrefrigerators,heatingourwater,orkeepingourroomsair-conditioned.Everyday,trains,busesandsubwaystakeustoandfromwork.Werarely8___toconsiderwhyorhowtheyrun——9___somethinggoeswrong.Inthesummerof1959,something10

___gowrongwiththepower-plantthatprovidedNewYorkwithelectricity.Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa11___.Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark,12___todoanything;liftsstoppedworking,sothat13___youwereluckyenoughnottobe14.___betweentwofloors,youhadtheunpleasanttaskoffindingyourwaydown15___ofstairs.FamousstreetslikeBroadwayandFifthAvenueina<n>16___becameasgloomyanduninviting17___themostremotebackstreets.Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses,___18.althoughthepolicehadbeenorderedto19___incaseofemergency,theywerejustasconfusedand20___asanybodyelse.A.thatB.thusC.asD.so2.A.carB.truckC.trafficD.pedestrians3.A.appearanceB.characterC.distinctionD.surface4.A.money-savingB.time-savingC.energy-savingD.labour-saving5.A.OnlyB.RarelyC.EvenD.Frequently6.A.fastB.quiteC.closely

D.quickly7.

A.moving

B.starting

C.repairing

D.driving8.A.troubleB.botherC.hesitateD.remember9.A.whenB.ifC.untilD.after10.A.did

B.wouldC.couldD.Should

11.A.pauseB.terminalC.breakdownD.standstill12.A.incompetentB.powerlessC.hesitantD.helpless13.A.althoughB.whenC.as

D.evenif14.A.trappedB.placedC.positioned

D.locked

15.A.steps

B.levels

C.flights

D.floors16.A.timeB.instantC.pointD.minute

17.A.likeB.thanC.forD.as18.A.forB.andC.butD.or19.A.standasideB.standdown

C.standby

D.standin20.A.aimlessB.helplessC.unfocusedD.undecidedWhatdoyoulookforinapotentialdate?Sincerity?Goodlooks?Character?Conversationalability?Askedto____1____suchqualities,mostpeopleputphysicalattractivenessnearthe____2____ofthelist.Ofcourse.Intelligentpeoplearenotgreatlyconcerned____3____suchsuper?cialqualitiesasgood____4____;theyknowthat"beautyisonlyskin____5____."Atleast

theyknowthat’showthey____6____feel.Thisintuition____7____looksmatterlittlemaybeanotherexampleofour____8____realin?uencesuponus,fortherearemanyresearchstudies____9____thatappearancegreatlydeterminesinitialattraction.Someresearchershavematchedstudents____10____blinddatestoseewhatqualitiesledtoliking.Immediatelyafterthedating,andagainthreemonthslater,thestudents____11____theirdatesandspeculatedabout____12____theyfeltastheydid.Menmorethanwomen____13____theirdate’sphysicalattractivenesswasimportant.But,____14____thedate’sphysicalattractivenessactuallypredictedthewomen’sattraction____15____theirdatesmorethanmen.Inanotherstudy,ElaineHatfield____16____752universityfreshmenforadanceparty.Foreachperson,theresearcherssecuredavarietyof____17____andaptitude<能力>testscores,butthenactuallymatchedthecouples____18____.Thecouplesevaluatedtheirdatesaftertheparty.Howwelldidthepersonalityandaptitudetestspredictattraction?Notwellatall.____19____theresearcherscouldsee,onlyonething____20____:howphysicallyattractivethepersonwas.Themoreattractiveawoman,themorehelikedherandwantedtodateheragain.1.A.list

B.select

C.rank

D.arrange2.A.top

B.middleC.bottom

D.front3.A.to

B.at

C.in

D.with4.A.look

B.looks

C.lookingD.lookings5.A.deep

B.thick

C.shallowD.thin6.A.haveto

B.oughttoC.must

D.should7.A.as

B.what

C.which

Dthat8.A.accepting

B.admitting

C.refusing

D.denying9.A.indicate

B.toindicate

C.indicating

D.indicated10.A.to

B.on

C.at

D.in11.A.evaluated

B.predictedC.contacted

D.communicated12.A.what

B.how

C.why

D.that13.A.believed

B.suspected

C.con?rmed

D.argued

14.A.tothecontrary

B.inadditionC.inspiteofthat

D.similarly15.A.at

B.in

C.with

D.to16.A.recruited

B.enrolled

C.matched

D.dated17.A.personality

B.appearance

C.achievements

D.individuality18.A.interactivelyB.randomly

C.precisely

D.systematically19.A.AslongasB.Somuchsothat

C.Totheextentthat

D.Sofaras20.A.predicted

B.mattered

C.valued

D.determined該Cloze來自1984年考研英語真題英譯漢的一篇短文：Electricityissuchapartofoureverydaylivesandsomuchtakenforgrantednowadaysthatwerarelythinktwicewhenweswitchonthelightorturnontheradio.Atnight,roadsarebrightlylit,enablingpeopleandtraffictomovefreely.Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthecharacterofeverymoderncity.Inthehome,manylabor-savingdevicesarepoweredbyelectricity.Evenwhenweturnoffthebedsidelampandarefastasleep,electricityisworkingforus,drivingourrefrigerators,heatingourwater,orkeepingourroomsair-conditioned.Everyday,trains,trolley-buses,andtramstakeustoandfromwork.Werarelybothertoconsiderwhyorhowtheyrununtilsomethinggoeswrong.Inthesummerof1959,somethingdidgowrongwiththepower-plantthatprovidesNewYorkwithelectricity.Foragreatmanyhours,lifecametoastandstill.Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark,powerlesstodoanything;liftsstoppedworking,sothatevenifyouwereluckyenoughnottobetrappedbetweentwofloors,youhadtheunpleasanttaskoffindingyourwaydownhundredsofflightsofstairs.FamousstreetslikeBroadwayandFifthAvenueinaninstantbecameasgloomyanduninvitingasthemostremotebackstreets.Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses,foralthoughthepolicehadbeenorderedtostandbyincaseofemergency,theywerejustasconfusedandhelplessasanyoneelse.Meanwhile,similardisorderprevailedinthehome.NewYorkcanbestiflinginthesummerandthisyearwasnoexception.Cool,air-conditionedapartmentsbecamefurnaces.Foodwentbadinrefrigerators.Cakesandjointsofmeatremaineduncookedincoolingovens.PeoplesatimpatientandfrightenedinthedarkasifanunseenenemyhadlandedfromMars.Oneofthestrangethingsthatoccurredduringthepower-cutwasthatsomefiftyblindpeopleleadmanysightedworkershome.Whenthelightscameonagain,hardlyapersoninthecitycanhaveturnedonaswitchwithoutreflectinghowgreataservanthehadathisfingertips.PARTIIICLOZE31.[D]句意為：電是日常生活的一部分,如今,我們已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常,以至于開燈或開電視時(shí)很少仔細(xì)考慮電的問題。so…that…是固定搭配,意思是"如此……以至于……",故答案為[D]。32.[C]句意為：晚上燈光照亮的馬路使人們自由通行,使交通暢通無阻。traffic意為"交通"；pedestrian意為"行人",與空格前的people詞義重復(fù);car和truck都指具體的車輛類型,含義過于狹窄。綜合考慮,此處應(yīng)填入traffic。33.[B]句意為：廣告中使用的霓虹燈已經(jīng)成為了每個(gè)現(xiàn)代化城市的一大特色。appearance意為"外觀"；character意為"特征,特色"；distinction意為"區(qū)別"；surface意為"表面"。根據(jù)句意,答案為[B]。34.[A]句意為：在家里,很多節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力的設(shè)備都是由電帶動(dòng)的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是復(fù)合形容詞,labour-saving意為"節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力的"；time-saving意為"節(jié)省時(shí)間的"；energy-saving意為"節(jié)能的"；money-saving意為"省錢的"。根據(jù)句意,此處填入labour-saving最合適。35.[C]句意為：即使當(dāng)我們關(guān)上床頭燈,睡得很熟時(shí),電仍然在為我們工作……。only意為"只有"；rarely意為"少有地"；even意為"即使"；frequently意為"頻繁地,屢次地"。根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)填入even。36.[B]fastasleep為固定搭配,意為"睡得很熟的",故答案為[B]。quite意為"非常"；quickly意為"很快地"；closely意為"靠近地,接近地",均不符合句意,故排除。37.[D]move意為"移動(dòng)"；start意為"啟動(dòng)"；repair意為"修復(fù)"；drive意為"驅(qū)動(dòng),使機(jī)器運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)"。此處的動(dòng)詞與ourrefrigerators連用,填入driving最合適,意為"使電冰箱正常運(yùn)行"。38.[B]bothertodosth.意為"費(fèi)心做某事"；hesitatetodosth.意為"做某事猶豫不決"；remembertodosth.指"記得去做某事"。此處是說,我們費(fèi)心思考它們?yōu)槭裁椿蛉绾芜\(yùn)行,故答案為[B]。39.[C]句意：直到這些交通工具出問題時(shí),我們才會(huì)費(fèi)心思考它們?yōu)槭裁椿蛉绾芜\(yùn)行。前半句出現(xiàn)了rarely,含否定意義,與until搭配使用,意為"直到……才……",故答案為[C]。40.[B]句意為：1959年的夏天,負(fù)責(zé)給紐約供電的發(fā)電廠真的出了問題。當(dāng)句子中沒有其他的助動(dòng)詞時(shí),可以在動(dòng)詞前使用助動(dòng)詞do表示對(duì)該動(dòng)作的強(qiáng)調(diào),助動(dòng)詞do隨人稱和時(shí)態(tài)而變化。因此,did符合題意。41.[A]句意為：許多小時(shí)過去了,生活幾乎停滯不前。cometoastandstill是固定搭配,意為"停住,停滯不前"。terminal意為"終點(diǎn)"；breakdown意為"故障"；pause意為"暫停",均不符合句意,故排除。42.[B]句意為：火車無法開動(dòng),車廂里的人坐在黑暗中無能為力,什么事也做不了。incompetent意為"沒有能力的,不能勝任的"；powerless意為"無能為力的"；hesitant意為"遲疑不決的"；helpless意為"無助的"。此處指人處于停電的環(huán)境中無能為力,什么事也做不了,因此答案為[B]。43.[D]句意為：電梯也停止工作,即使你足夠幸運(yùn),沒被困在兩層樓之間,也得自己不愉快地步行下樓梯。although意為"雖然"；when意為"當(dāng)……時(shí)"；as意為"像……一樣"；evenif意為"即使,縱然"。通過分析上下文,此處填入evenif最合適。44.[D]句意同上。lock意為"把……鎖起來"；place意為"放置"；position意為"把……放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；trap意為"困住,陷入困境"。根據(jù)上下文意思,此處應(yīng)該選[D]。45.[C]句意同上。aflightofstairs是固定搭配,表示"〔兩個(gè)樓梯平臺(tái)間的一段樓梯",本題中考查的是復(fù)數(shù)形式,故答案為[C]。46.[A]inaninstant是固定搭配,意為"瞬間,馬上",意思相當(dāng)于immediately,故答案為[A]。inaminute意為"很快,馬上",一般用于將來時(shí),不符合句意,故排除。47.[D]as…as…為固定搭配,表示"像……一樣",故答案為[D]。48.[A]句意為：人們害怕離開自己的房子,因?yàn)殡m然警察被要求隨時(shí)待命,以防突發(fā)事件,但他們也像其他人一樣疑惑和無助。for表示原因,and表示并列關(guān)系,but表示轉(zhuǎn)折,or表示選擇。結(jié)合上下文,此處填入for最合適。49.[C]句意同上。standaside意為"避開"；standdown意為"從要職上退下"；standby意為"做好準(zhǔn)備,待命"；standin意為"站立于,坐落于"。根據(jù)上下文分析,此處應(yīng)該指警察處于待命狀態(tài),故答案為[C]。50.[A]句意同上。helpless意為"無助的"；aimless意為"漫無目的的"；unfocused意為"目光茫然的"；undecided意為"尚未決定的"。根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)選[A]。文章大意約會(huì)對(duì)象的哪些特點(diǎn)會(huì)令對(duì)方產(chǎn)生好感？人們本能地認(rèn)為外表是最不重要的因素。但研究結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)外表在約會(huì)初期的好感起著決定性的作用。有一項(xiàng)研究讓人們?cè)谙嘤H后對(duì)對(duì)方進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。雖然男人們認(rèn)為對(duì)方的外表漂亮與否并不重要,但事實(shí)卻是在相親中女性的外表對(duì)男性的吸引力相對(duì)于男性對(duì)女性的吸引力來說更大。另一個(gè)研究是相親者的個(gè)性和能力與其吸引力是否有關(guān),其結(jié)論也是與吸引力惟一相關(guān)的因素是外貌。答案與解析1.C語義銜接題。下句中的put...thelist說明這是一個(gè)排名,因此用rank最為恰當(dāng)。2.C邏輯關(guān)系題。因?yàn)楹笪奶岬饺藗冋J(rèn)為不應(yīng)對(duì)外表這類膚淺的東西過多地關(guān)注,因此這里應(yīng)該是排名的最后。3.D固定搭配題。beconcernedwith：關(guān)注。4.B名詞辨析題。表示人的外貌、外表要用looks；look用作名詞表示表情、裝扮,如：aworriedlook擔(dān)憂的表情；looking：look的動(dòng)名詞；lookings：不存在。5.A固定搭配題。skin-deep：膚淺。6.B情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析題。haveto可以代替must,表示"必須,不得不",并可以補(bǔ)充must所缺的時(shí)態(tài)。should和oughtto都表示"應(yīng)該",should一般表示說話人的主觀觀點(diǎn),oughtto比should語氣強(qiáng),表示來自外界的規(guī)則或義務(wù),也可以表示作推測(cè)性的結(jié)論。本句中這種"不以貌取人"的做法既不是外界的強(qiáng)迫,也并非別人的要求,而是類似于潛規(guī)則或一種義務(wù)。7.D語法關(guān)系題。looksmatterlittle〔外貌無足輕重是intuition的同位語,因此必須以that引導(dǎo)。8.D