六年級下冊英語講義語法專項(xiàng)之介詞

小升初輔導(dǎo)講義課題介詞用法復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1.掌握介詞的一些常用固定搭配2.理解on.before.at等特殊語境下的含義及用法教學(xué)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.了解介詞的意義：介詞是用來表示它后面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成份關(guān)系的詞，它不能獨(dú)立存在。2.掌握一些介詞的固定搭配，如：beafraidof害怕……。3.知道一些常用介詞的用法：如：behind，beside，between等表示位置；at，after，before，in等表示時(shí)間。認(rèn)識介詞認(rèn)識介詞1.表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞1)at,in,on,toat(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁邊”in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范圍之內(nèi)”。on表示毗鄰，接壤，“在……上面”。to表示在……范圍外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤；或“到……”2)above,over,on在……上above表示一個(gè)物體高過另一個(gè)物體,不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below相對；over一個(gè)物體在另一個(gè)物體的垂直上方,與under相對,但over與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。on表示一個(gè)物體在另一個(gè)物體表面上，并且兩個(gè)物體互相接觸。例如：Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.鳥兒從我頭頂上飛過。Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有座橋。Heputhiswatchonthedesk.他把手表放在桌子上。3)below,under在……下面under表示在…正下方below表示在……下，不一定在正下方例如：Thereisacatunderthetable.桌子下有一只貓。Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.請?jiān)跈M線下方寫名字。4)infrontof,inthefrontof在……前面infrontof意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，兩者互不包括；其反義詞是behind（在……的后面）。例如：Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。)inthefrontof意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的內(nèi)部.反義詞是atthebackof…（在……范圍內(nèi)的后部）。例如：Thereisablackboardinthefrontofourclassroom.我們的教室前邊有一塊黑板。Ourteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.我們的老師站在教室前.(老師在教室里)5）beside，behindbeside表示在……旁邊behind表示在……后面2.表示時(shí)間的介詞1)in,on，at在……時(shí)in表示較長時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如：inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inone’slife,inone’sthirties等。on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。如：onMay1st,onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。at表示某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間，或泛指，等。如：at3:20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof…,attheageof…,atChristmas，atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。注意：在last,next,this,that,some,every等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：Wemeeteveryday.2)in,after在……之后“in+段時(shí)間”表示將來的一段時(shí)間以后；“after+段時(shí)間”表示過去的一段時(shí)間以后；“after+將來的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”表示將來的某一時(shí)刻以后。3)from自從……from僅說明什么時(shí)候開始，不說明某動(dòng)作或情況持續(xù)多久；4)after,behind在……之后after主要用于表示時(shí)間；behind主要用于表示位置。3.表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞：across,through通過，穿過across表示橫過,即從物體表面通過，與on有關(guān)，為二維through穿過,即從物體內(nèi)部穿過，與in有關(guān)，為三維。4.表示“在……之間”的介詞：如infrontof，behind，on，in，near，under，up，between,amongbetween指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間；among指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間。難點(diǎn)突破on與above中文都表示在……上，但有區(qū)別：above表示物體之間不接觸，on則表示物體之間接觸。如：Thereisaphotoonthewall.（墻上有張照片。）Anaeroplaneisflyingabovethemountain.（一架飛機(jī)正飛于山的上空。）自我測評1.朗讀下列詞組(1)apresentforyou (2)comefromAmerica(3)infrontoftheshop (4)ontheleft(5)inthemorning (6)underthetable(7)aladyinblue (8)timefordinner( ) (1)A. besidethedoor B.behindtheball behindthedoor( ) (2)A. nearthecinema B.nearthebank nearthesea( ) (3)A. lookatthecat B.lookout lookatthekite( ) (4)A. onthebus B.atthebusstop atschool( ) (5)A. inmyhead B.inmyhand onmyhand( ) (6)A. goodatEnglish B.goodinmath goodatmathKeys:(1)C(2)A(3)C(4)B(5)B(6)C 4.根據(jù)聽到的內(nèi)容畫畫 選詞填空J(rèn)aneoftenplaysthepiano (on,in)theevening.Canyouhelpme (of,with)mylessons?Pleasesay (after,behind)me.Wewillhaveameetingathalf (to,past)ten.Itaste (in,with)mytongue.Anaeroplaneisflying (on,above)ourschool.Pleasegivemeacup (about,of)tea.Thesepineapplesare (of,from)Australia.Keys:(1)in(2)with(3)after(4)past(5)with(6)above (7)of(8)from6. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空Didyougo theaquariumyesterday?Whomdoyouoftenplay ? I'mafraid Myfathergoestowork taxi.Listen themusic.Itsoundswonderful.Hecomes England.DidyouvisitLucyyesterday?No,sheisn'tChristmasis December25th.MybirthdayisDecember,too.Keys:(1)to(2)with(3)of(4)by(5)to(6)from(7)at(8)on,in 按實(shí)際情況回答問題Whichschoolareyouin?Whatcolourareyouin?What'sinyourhand?Whattimedoyouusuallygetup?Howdoesyourmothergotowork?趣味閱讀IlikeblueMynameisJane.I'msevenyearsold.Ilikeblueverymuch.Butmymumdoesn'tunderstandaboutblue.Ilikemybluestockings.Icanjumphighwiththem.Butmymumsays,"Weartheseyellowstockings.Theymatchyourdresswell."Ilikemyblueboots.Icanrunfastwiththem.Butmymumsays,"It'stoocoldoutside.Theblackbootscankeepyouwarm."Ilikemybluecup.Milktastesgoodinthebluecup.Butmymumsays,"I'vepouredsomemilkinthewhitecup."Todayismybirthday.Mypresentisaredjacket.Ilikeblue."Whydon'tyougivemeabluejacket?"Iaskmum."YoucanbeRedRidingHoodwiththeredjacket,"saysmum.Whatagoodidea!Ilikeblue.Ilikered,too.回答下列問題WhatisJane'sfavouritecolour?WhatisJane'sbirthdaypresent?Whatcolourdoyoulike?(4)Whattimedoyouusuallygetup?(5)Howdoesyourmothergotowork?(6)Wheredoyoulive?Keys:(1)Herfavouritecolourisblue.(2)Herpresentisaredjacket.(3)略。聽力原文3.(1)Theumbrellaisbehindthedoor.(2)Thebankisnearthecinema.Iookatthekite.Whatcolourisit?Whoistheboyatthebusstop?Ihaveaphotoofmyfamilyinmyhand.Areyougoodatmath?Yes,Iam.4.Drawabigappletree,please.Drawanappleunderthetree.Drawabenchnearthetree.Drawacageonthebench.Drawabirdinthecage.I.Lookandwrite.(將下列中文翻譯成英文)1.來自美國 2.在左邊 3.在8:30 4.在星期六下午 _5.穿紅衣服的女孩 6.尋找 7.等待 8.乘飛機(jī) 9.在樹上10.在陽光下 Keys:1.comefromAmerica2.ontheleft3.athalfpasteight4.onShesunⅡ.Fillintheblanks.(用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空)Thisismyfirstvisit HongKong.Thisisapicture summer,wecangotothebeach. Saturdaythestudentshavenolessons.Whatdoyouneed yourbirthday?Here'stheweather Thecatcanplay aball. themirror.Icanseeme.Wehavelessons Whatcanyoudo asnowyday?Look,Ericisstanding hisfatherandmother.Therearemanypeaches thetree.Keys: 1.to2.of3.In4.On5.for6.for7.with8.in9.from...to10.on11.between12.onⅢ.Choosethebestanswer.(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?，將字母代號寫在括號?nèi))( )1.Anaeroplaneisflying ourschool.A.on B.in C.above( )2.Lily'shabitsaredifferent Linda's.A.for B.from C.of( )3.Lucyiswaiting herfather No.3busstop.A.for...on B.for...at C.at...at( )4.Let'smakeacake Grandma.Shelikescakes.A.to B.for C.by( )5.Mr.LiisgoingtohelpJohn hisChinesethisafternoon.A.with B.in C.by( )6.Thefirstclassbegins 8o'clock themorning.A.at...on B.at...in C.on...in( )7.Theteache