2019-2021北京高三（上）期末英語匯編：閱讀表達

30/302019-2021北京高三（上）期末英語匯編閱讀表達一．閱讀理解（共18小題）1．（2021北京?房山高三期末）Doyoueverwonderwhythebakerscan'thelpbutsmileastheycooktastytreatsinyourhome'skitchen？Frompre﹣heatingtheoven，mixingthedryandwetingredients（原料），andupuntilthesatisfying"ding"isheard，thebakercanfeeltheatmospherelightenupandthemoodlifted.Bakingcanbeaformoftreatmentandempowerment.Atfirstglance，graspinghowbakingmakesyoucalmdownandactsasasourceofjoycanseemabitfar﹣fetched.Butbakerscanseeandfeelmorewhilethey'rebaking.Itsprocessisbothascienceandart.Astheybake，theybecomemorefocusedandhopefulthattheeffortthey'vepouredpaidoff.Thisisthereasonfortheirsmiles.Thebeautyandsatisfactionofbakingcanbefurtherrevealedwhenitisdone.Muchlikeanyhobbyoracreativeoutlet，bakingallowspeopletoexpresstheiremotionsandcreativity.Ineverypartoftheworld，cookingforsomeoneisconsideredasathoughtfulgesture–whetheryou'rewelcomingsomeoneinahome，showingakindgesture，orexpressingyourgratitude.Thedesiretoshareyourfoodwithothersisanexcellentwaytobuildaconnection，showingselflessnessandlove.Itevenbecomesmoreheartfeltifyou'reservingthewholefamily.Nothingbeatsthehappinessofseeingyourlovedonesenjoythebakedtreatsyou'veworkedhardtoprepare.（1）Accordingtothepassage，howdoesthebakerfeelwhenthebakingisdone？（2）Whatisthereasonforbakers'smiles？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Bakinghelpspeopletoexpressemotionsandcreativitywhileservingthewholefamilyistheopposite.（4）Whataresomeotherwaystohelpbuildconnectionswithfamilymembers？（Inabout40words）2．（2020北京?朝陽高三期末）IsYourMemoryOnline？Ifyouaretryingtofindoutwhoinventedthemicroscope，doyouaskafriend，gotothelibrary，orlookituponline？Thesedays，mostpeoplewilllookituponlinewithaquickInternetsearch."JustGoogleit"，peoplesay，usingthenameofthepopularInternetsearchengine.AsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation，arepeoplerememberingless？Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation，whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory？ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.Inrecentstudy，psychologistBetsySparrowofColumbiaUniversityconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment，theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later，thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain，sotheydidnottrytorememberit.Inthesecondexperiment，theresearchersgavepeoplefactstoremember.Inaddition，theresearcherstoldthemwheretofindtheinformationonthecomputer.Theinformationwasinaspecificcomputerfolder.Surprisingly，peoplelaterrememberedthefolderlocationbetterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet，theydonotremembertheinformation.Rathertheyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled"transactivememory".Werememberwheretofindtheinformation，butwedon'tremembertheinformation.BeforetheInternet，weusedtransactivememorytorememberwhichpersonorbookhadtheinformationweneeded.Now，wejusthavetorememberwhereitisstoredontheInternet.AccordingtoSparrow，wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead，wearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothatweareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn'tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent，butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.（1）WhydidSparrowandherteammaketheexperiments？（2）Whatwastheresultofthesecondexperiment？（3）Wouldyoupleasegiveanexampleoftransactivememory？（4）Whatdoyouthinkofthefactthatthewayweusememoryischanging？Why？（about40words）3．（2021北京?門頭溝高三期末）I'mnoliteraryLuddite（反對新技術(shù)的人）.IboughtaniPadwithmyfirstpaycheckfrommyfirstfull﹣timejobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Butaftertwoyearsofreadingoccasionallyonthedevice，Igaveitawaytomybrother.Itjustwasn'ttherightreadingexperienceforme.Technologyloverschoosee﹣readersoverbooksbecausee﹣readersaremoreconvenient.They'reright.Itisobjectivelyeasiertocarrya7oz（盎司）tabletwiththousandsandthousandsofbooksatyourfingertipsthanitistocarryfivebooksinyourbag，whichisexactlywhatIdidonvacation.ButIdon'treadforconvenience.Ireadtolearnmoreabouttheworldandmyself.IhavemadefriendsbyseeingabookcoverinacafeandnoticingthatitwasthesametitlethatIwasreading.Icantracemylifebythebooksthathavebeenmycompanions.WhenIopenanoldbookandcomeacrossmypreviouslyscribblednotes﹣shakyoneswhenI'vebeenreadingonthesubway，coveredinsandifIreaditatthebeach，nexttoatrainticketifIwastraveling﹣IamabletoaddanextralevelofpersonaldepthandexperiencetothestoryIamabouttoreread.It'sjustnotenoughtosimplyconsumingthestory，whichiswhate﹣readersaregreatfor.WhenIreadpaperbooks，Iholdontothemforlongperiodsoftime.Ijustpurchasedanewbookshelfspeciallyformy"toberead"pile.Onceinawhile，Igothroughtheprocessofdecidingwhichbookstodonate，butusuallytheideaofpartingwithabookfeelslikegivingawayapartofmysoul.Physicalbooksmaynotbethemostefficientmedium，buttheyarethemostmeaningful.SokeepyourKindle，byallmeans.ButI'llbehappyhoardingwithmylibrary.（1）WhydidtheauthorgivehisiPadtohisbrother？（2）Whatcantheauthorgetwhenheseeshisnotesinanoldbook？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Theauthorlovesphysicalbooksandheusuallygivesthemawaywhenhefinishesreadingthem.（4）Whatisyourfavouritebook？Andwhy？（about40words）4．（2020北京?豐臺高三期末）BalancingTreesandCO2Treeplantingusedtoberegardedasaneffectivemeansofreducingclimatechange.Perhapsit'stimeforustorethinkthispractice.TreespullCO2fromtheair.ThiseffectivelyremovesCO2fromtheatmosphere.ButtreesonlyholdontoCO2aslongasthey'realive.Oncetheydie，treesdecay（腐爛）andreleasethatCO2backintotheatmosphere.Recentstudieshavefoundthattreesaroundtheworldaregrowingfasterthanever.TheriseofCO2，mainlyduetoburningfossilfuels，isprobablydrivingthatrapidgrowth，saidRoelBrienen，aforestecologistattheUniversityofLeeds，UK.HighlevelsofCO2areincreasingtemperatures，whichinturnspeedstreegrowthinthoseareas，headded.Thefastertreesgrow，thefastertheystorecarbon.Itseemslikegoodnews.However，itisknownthatfast﹣growingtreespecies，ingeneral，liveshorterlivesthantheirslow﹣growingrelatives.Inordertoseewhetherthegrowth﹣lifespantrade﹣off（生長與壽命之間的權(quán)衡）isauniversalphenomenon，Brienenandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover210，000individualtreeringrecordsof110treespeciesfrommorethan79，000sitesworldwide.Theyfoundthat，inalmostallhabitatsandallsites，faster﹣growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow﹣growingspecies，andevenwithinaspecies，thetrade﹣offbetweengrowthandlifespanheldstrong.Theteamalsocreatedacomputerprogramthatmodeledaforestandtweaked（微量調(diào)整）thegrowthofthetreesinthismodel.Earlyon，itshowedthat"theforestcouldholdmorecarbonasthetreesgrewfaster"，Brienenreported.Butafter20years，thesetreesstarteddyingandlosingthisextracarbonagain."WemustunderstandthattheonlysolutiontobringingdownCO2levelsistostopemitting（排放）itintotheatmosphere，"saidBrienen.（1）Whatdoes"thispractice"inPara.1referto？（2）Whyaretreesaroundtheworldgrowingfasterthanever？（3）Readthefollowingstatement，underlinethefalsepartofitandexplainthereason.Theteamhasfoundthatthefastertreesgrow，thefastertheystoreCO2，andthelongerlivestheylive.（4）PleasebrieflypresentwhatyoucandoindailylifetoreducetheemissionofCO2.（about40words）5．（2021北京?東城高三期末）Sincethereseemstobeanappforeverything，itmaycomeasnosurprisethatthereisanappforcheating.Butitisn'tjustoneapp.It'shundredsofcompaniesandappsthatcanbeusedtocompletestudents'homework，andevenexams.Butwhatsurprisedmemostasaneducatorplayingthiscat﹣and﹣mousegamefordecadesisthatcheatingisnowspreadinginternationallyandpoweredbybillion﹣dollarcompanies.Somecompaniesoffermonthlysubscriptionformats，inwhichstudentspay＄15amonthforround﹣the﹣clockaccesstoresourcesincludingexamquestionsandhomework"help".Theyalsogeton﹣demandaccesstomanyexpertswithadvanceddegreesinmath，scienceandothersubjects.Theseexperts，availableonline24/7，arethesourceofstep﹣by﹣stepanswers.Asanunintendedconsequenceoftechnologyallowingremotelearningandexams，studentsarefindingmoreandmoreonlinevenuesallowingthemtoearngradesanddiplomasbycheating.Howdowelimitthisglobalsupplychainofcheating？Theanswerdependsonthemotivationbehindthedecisiontocheat.Somestudentsdon'tthinkofitascheating，astheyarepayingalegitcompanyfortheservice；manyfeelpressuredtogetthegradesandsojustifythemeans.Manystudentswhoarecheatingavoidacademicconsequences，astherearefewtechnologysolutionstocaptureoriginalanswersprovidedbyexperts，andplagiarism﹣catchingsoftwarecan'tdetectoriginalworkboughtbythesestudents.However，in2020，lawmakersinsomecountriesmadeitillegaltoarrangeoradvertiseforsalecertaincheatingservicessuchaspaidessaywriting.Didithaveaneffect？Accordingtoastudy，manyofthebiggestandbest﹣knownessaymillsareendingoperations.Buteventhen，fearofgettingcaughtisprobablynotenoughmotivationtostopallcheatingstudents.Thus，tacklingthischeatingrequiresacollectiveeffortbyeducationalinstitutions.（1）Whydidtheauthorfeelshocked？（2）HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinPara.6？（3）Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.?Students'academicpressuremakesonlinecheatingwidespreadandsomemeasureshavebeentakentofightit.（4）Asastudent，whatdoyouthinkofonlinecheating？（Inabout40words）6．（2021北京?朝陽高三期末）CollectingAsaHobbyCollectingmustbeoneofthemostvariedofhumanactivities，andit'sonethatmanypsychologistsfindfascinating.Somepeoplecollectbecausetheywanttomakemoney.Thiscouldbecalledaninstrumentalreasonforcollecting.They'lllookfor，say，antiquesthattheycanbuycheaplyandexpecttosellataprofit.Buttheremaywellbeapsychologicalelement，too﹣buyingcheapandsellingdearcangivethecollectorasenseofachievement.Anothermotiveforcollectingisthedesiretofindsomethingspecial.Somemayspendtheirwholelivesinahuntforthis.Psychologically，thiscangiveapurposetoalifethatotherwisefeelsaimless.Thereisadanger，though，thatiftheindividualiseverluckyenoughtofindwhatthey'relookingfor，ratherthancelebratingtheirsuccess，theymayfeelempty，nowthatthegoalthatdrovethemonhasgone.Ifyouthinkaboutcollectingpostagestamps，anotherpotentialreasonisitseducationalvalue.Stampcollectingopensawindowtoothercountries，andtotheplants，animals，orfamouspeopleshownontheirstamps.Inthepast，andnowadays，too，apopularformofcollecting，wastrainspotting.Thismightinvolvetryingtoseeeverylocomotive（火車頭）ofaparticulartype，usingpublisheddatathatidentifyeachone，andtickingoffeachengineasitisseen.Asaby﹣product，manytrainspottersbecomeveryknowledgeableaboutrailwayoperations，orthetechnicalspecificationsofdifferentenginetypes.Notallcollectorsareinterestedinlearningfromtheirhobbies.Somepeoplecollectbecauseoftheneedforasenseofcontrol.Stampcollectors，forinstance，arrangetheirstampsinalbumsveryneatlyaccordingtotheirpreferredprinciples.Allhobbiesgivepleasure，butthecommonfactorincollectingisusuallypassion.Collectingcanbetotallyappealing，andcangiveastrongsenseofpersonalachievement.Tonon﹣collectorsitmayappearastrangewayofspendingtime，butpotentially，collectinghasalotgoingforit.（1）Whatistheinstrumentalreasonforcollecting？（2）Whatisthedangerofhuntingforsomethingspecialasalifepurpose？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Collectorsgainmaterialandpsychologicalbenefitsfromcollecting，butnon﹣collectorsmaynotseeitsvalue，sotheyarenotadvisedtohaveatry.（4）Ifyouareacollector，whatdoyoucollect？Andwhy？（Inabout40words）7．（2021北京?海淀高三期末）LeonardoDaVinciwasagenius：wildlyimaginative，passionatelycuriousandcreativeacrossmultipledisciplines﹣painting，architecture，aeronautics，andengineering.Yetoddlytheword"genius"minimizeshimbymakingitseemasifheweretouchedbylightning.Hisearlybiographermadethismistake："Sometimes，inasupernaturalfashion，asinglepersonisgiftedbyheavenwithbeauty，grace，andtalentinsuchabundancethatseemsthathiseveryactisdivine（天賜的）."Infact，theself﹣taughtLeonardo'sgeniuswasshapedbyhisownwillandambition.Itdidnotcomefrombeingthedivinerecipient，likeNewtonorEinstein.PartofwhatmadeLeonardoagenius，whatsethimapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart，wascreativity.Histalentforcombiningobservationwithfantasyallowedhimtomakeunexpectedleapsthatrelatedthingsseentothingsunseen.Leonardowasalsoaveryhumangenius.Hemademistakes.Heleftatrailofunfinishedprojects.flyingmachinesthatneverflew，tanksthatneverrolled."TellmeifeverIdidathing…Tellmeifanythingwasevermade."HisflawedhumanitymakesLeonardomoreaccessible.Eventhoughwemayneverbeabletomatchhistalents，wecanlearnfromhimandtrytobemorelikehim.Hislifeoffersawealthoflessons.Seekknowledgeforitsownsake.Notallknowledgeneedstobeuseful.Sometimesitshouldbepursuedforpurepleasure.LeonardodidnotneedtoknowhowheartvalvesworktopainttheMonaLisa，nordidheneedtofigureouthowfossilsgottothetopofmountainstoproduceVirginoftheRocks.Byallowinghimselftobedrivenbypurecuriosity，hegottoexploremorehorizonsandseemoreconnections.Keepachildlikesenseofwonder.Atacertainpointinlife，mostofusquitpuzzlingovereverydayphenomena.Wemightsavorthebeautyofabluesky，butwenolongerbothertowonderwhyitisthatcolor.Leonardodid.Becurious，observethings，seethingsunseen，respectfacts，beopentomystery…WecanneverlearnenoughfromLeonardo.（1）WhatsetDaVinciapartfrompeoplewhoaremerelyextraordinarilysmart？（2）WhywasDaVinciregardedasaveryhumangenius？（3）PleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1.（4）WhichqualityofDaVinci'sdoyouappreciatemost？Howcanitbenefityouinyourlife？（Inabout40words）8．（2020北京?西城高三期末）Twohundredyearsago，adevicebegantodominatetheworldofwork﹣theclock.Withitsarrival，peoplewerepaidonthebasisofhowmanyhourstheyworked，ratherthantheirmaterialoutput，andwererequiredbytheownertoturnupforasetshift.Theclock'sauthoritarianrulemayatlastbeweakening.Workingremotelyhasbroughtagreaterdegreeoffreedom.Asurveyacrosssixcountriesfoundthatflexibleworkingwasviewedverypositively，improvingbothpeople'swork﹣lifebalanceandproductivity.Flexibleworkersevenscoredmorehighlyonasenseof"belonging"totheirorganizationthanthoseonanine﹣to﹣fiveschedule.Itishardlysurprisingthatworkerspreferflexibility.Workingarigideight﹣hourscheduleisincrediblyrestricting.Thosearealsothehourswhenmostshopsareopen，whendoctorsanddentistswilltakeappointments，andwhenrepairmenarewillingtovisit.Parentsonaconventionalroutinemaybeabletotaketheirchildrentoschoolinthemorningbutareunlikelytobeabletopickthemupintheafternoon.Manyfamiliesfindthemselvesconstantlystrugglingwithschedulesandgivinguppreciousholidaytimetodealwithdomesticemergencies.Onreflection，itisnottooshockingthathome﹣workersfeeltheyaremoreproductive.Afterall，fewpeoplehavetheabilitytoconcentratesolidlyforeighthoursatastretch.Therearepointsinthedaywherepeoplewanttostareoutofthewindoworgoforawalk；thesemaybemomentswhentheyfindinspirationorrechargethemselvesforthenexttask.Whentheydothisinanoffice，theyrisktheboss'sdisapproval；athome，theycanworkwhentheyaremostmotivated.Ofcourse，workingremotelycarriesdangers：peoplemayloseallseparationbetweenworkandhomelife，andarelikelytobestressed.Toinjectsomehumancontact，companiesmayembraceamixedmodelinwhichworkersgointotheofficeforpartoftheweek.Butoverall，office﹣workers'freedomfromtimerestrictionsistobewelcomed.Theclockwasacruelmasterandmanypeoplewillbehappytoescapeitsdominion.（1）Whatdecidedtheworkers'payaftertheclockappeared？（2）Pleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentenceinyourownwords.（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Workingremotelyisviewedpositivelybecauseitbringslotsofbenefitsanditisperfect.（4）Asastudent，whatdoyouthinkofremotelearning？（about40words）9．（2021北京?豐臺高三期末）When16﹣year﹣oldVioletBrilllooksoutherwindow，shedoesn'tseeonlygrassandtrees—sheseesagreatmeal.Herfather，famousplantexpertSteve"Wildman"Brill，carriedheralongonhisforaging（覓食）toursfromthetimeshewasalittlegirl.Inthepastdecadeorso，arenewedinterestinforagingforedible（可食用的）plantshasbeguntoappear—aninterestthathastrulyblossomedrecently."Ithinkwe'vehadalotoftimetogetoutdoors，andlookaround，"saysAdeleNozedar，authorofForagingforKids."Thereisrapidgrowthinforaginginthepastyear."Kidsarenatural﹣bornforagers.Takethemoutintothewoodsandthey'llhappilygatherfallenleaves，orrootaroundintheundergrowthforhiddentreasures.Foragingisdefinitelyagatewaytonature.Kidslearnquicklythatit'snotjustabunchofgreenstuffoutside.Allthoseplantshaveapurpose.Andbyencouragingaloveofnature，foragingalsoencouragesaloveoftheenvironment."Havingastrongconnectiontothelandmeansyou'remorelikelytoprotectit，"saysDaveHamilton，authorofFamilyForaging."Andyoucan'tgetmuchmoreconnectedtothelandthaneatingfromit."Plus，foragingbringsgoodnewsforparentsofpickyeaters：Whenkidssearchforandpicktheirownfood，they'remorelikelytobeinvestedinit.Foragingforwildediblesencourageskidstotrynew，nutritiousfoods—especiallykidswhotendtoturntheirnosesupatthevegetablesontheirplates.Forinstance，Hamiltonrememberstakingagroupofboyscampingandaskingthemtogatherenoughlambsquartersfordinner.Theycamebackwiththreedays'worthofthegreens，whichheturnedintoapesto（青醬）."Theyabsolutelylovedit，"hesays."There'ssomethingempoweringaboutfindingyourownfood，especiallyforkids."（1）Whatinteresthasbeguntoappearrecently？（2）AccordingtoDave，whatisthebenefitofforaging？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Parentsofpickyeaterswelcomeforagingbecausetheforagedfoodsarenewandnutritious.（4）Inadditiontothebenefitsmentionedinthispassage，whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherbenefitsofforaging？（Inabout40words）10．（2021北京?密云高三期末）YourFoodChoicesAffecttheEarth'sClimateEveryactionhasacost，evenforgrowingfoodanddeliveringittoyourdinnerplate.Ateamofresearchershasfoundthatmeatproductionreleasesmoreclimate﹣warmingpollutionthanitdoeswhenproducingfruits，vegetables，nutsandgrains.Theircalculationssuggestthatpeoplecoulddoalottoslowglobalwarmingiftheylimitedtheamountofmeattheyeat.Thereareplentyof"costs"offood.Astothevisiblecosts，peoplepaymoneyforthefoodaswellasthefuelneededtogetgroceriestothestoreorrestaurant.Andthereareless﹣visible"costs"offoodaswell.Producingfoodstakesresources，forexample，thewaterusedtoirritate（灌溉）cropfieldsorthefertilizerandchemicalsusedtopromoteplantgrowthandfightpests.PeterScarboroughattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglanddecidedtocalculatesomeoftheless﹣visiblepollutioncreatedbyfoodproduction.Histeamfocusedongreenhousegasesemittedthroughtheproductionofourfood，includingcarbondioxide（CO2），methane（甲烷）andthenitrousoxide（氧化亞氮）.Allthreegasesarepowerfulinwarmingtheearth'satmosphere.Theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsandfedthedatacollectedintoacomputerandthenincludedtheamountofgreenhousegaseslinkedwithproducingnearly100commonfoods.Thenthecomputermatchedthosegreenhouse﹣gasamountstothemixoffoodseachpersonhadreportedeating.Itshowsthatthedietofsomeonewhosemealsincludedanaverageof50to99gramsofmeateachdaywouldberesponsibleforthedailyreleaseof5.6kilogramsofCO2equivalent（等量）whilethoseveganshadthelowestdiet﹣linkedgreenhouse﹣gasemissions（2.9kgofCO2equivalent）.Itisconcludedthatreducingtheintakeofmeatandotheranimal﹣basedproductscanmakeavaluablecontributiontoclimatechangereduction.Andcomparedtomeat，moreplant﹣basedfoodcanbegrownonmorelandswithlesswaterandotherresources.Inplaceswheremanypeoplearegoinghungry，raisinganimalsformeatmaymakeithardertoensurethateveryonegetsenoughtoeat.（1）Whatdotheresearchers'calculationssuggest？（2）Whydoestheauthorsaytherearealsoless﹣visible"costs"offood？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Althoughplant﹣basedfoodishardertoadapttomoretypesoflandsthanmeat，ithasalowerrequirementofwaterandotherresources.（4）Apartfromfoodchoices，whatcanyoudotoprotecttheenvironment？（Inabout40words）11．（2021北京?石景山高三期末）In1983，HowardGardner，aprofessoratHarvard，publishedFramesofMind：TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences.Inthebook，hepresentedonetypeofintelligencethateveryonemustdevelopiftheywanttobesuccessful.Thatisemotionalintelligence.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Itmeanshavingadeepunderstandingofyourself，knowingyourownstrengthsandweaknesses，andhandlingreactionsandemotionswisely.Emotionalintelligenceiscriticalforsuccessinalmostanyfieldanditisespeciallyimportantforhigh﹣stressenvironments，forexample，whentimesaretoughandwhenapersonwantstoquitorisfearful.Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely，theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives，oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.I'veseenmanypeopledothisonsocialmedia，gettinginargumentswithlovedonesovertrivialstuffbecausetheyhavedifferentopinions.Thisinabilitytomastertheselfleadstomanystrugglesandheartachesforpeople.Emotionalintelligencedoesnotmeanbeingvoid（沒有）ofemotions.Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry，justnotout﹣of﹣controlangry.Youknowit'sokaytofeelhurt，butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge（報復(fù)）.Manyofusknowpeoplewhoareveryintelligent，butallowtheiremotionstodamagetheirlives.Now，reflectonhowyoumanageyouremotions.Areyousmartinthewayyouexpresswhatyou'refeeling，especiallywhenthepressureison？（1）Accordingtothepassage，whatis"emotionalintelligence"？（2）Howdohighlyemotionalpeopledealwiththeiremotions？（3）Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.It'simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol，sowhenyougethurt，youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.（4）Inyourdailylife，whatcanyoudotobettermanageyouremotions？12．（2020北京?房山高三期末）Scientistshavedesignedtransparentwoodthatcouldreplaceconventionalglassinwindows.TheinnovationwasdevelopedusingwoodfromthebalsatreeinSouthandCentralAmerica，whichclaimstobefivetimesmorethermally（保溫地）efficientthanglass.Theteamtreatedbalsawoodinanoxidizing（氧化）baththatmakesitnearlyvisibleandthenallowsthelighttopassthroughitwithasyntheticpolymercalledpolyvinylalcohol（PVA）﹣creatingaproductthatisvirtuallytransparent.Unliketraditionalglass，thetransparentwoodcanstandmuchstrongerforceandwillbendwhendamaged，insteadofcrashing.ThetransparentwoodwascreatedbyteamsattheUniversityofMarylandandUniversityofColorado，whichsetouttofindagreeneralternativetoconventionalglass.Alongwithcontributingtogreenhousegases，glasscontributestoalossofenergy.Residentialbuildingwindowsinparticularaccountfor10﹣25%oftheheatlossduetotheirpoorthermalmanagementcapability.Exploringenergyefficientwindowmaterialsisthushighlydesirabletoaddressheatingcosts，energyshortages，andtheglobalimpactofclimatechangeassociatedwithincreasedcarbonemissions（碳排放）.ThebondingbetweenPVAandcellulose（纖維素）inthewood，createsatightlypackedstructurethatallowsformorethermalprotectionandmakesitmorelastingandlighterthanglass.Switchingtotransparentwoodcouldprovetobecostefficientaswell.Itisapproximatelyfivetimesmorethermallyefficientthanglass，cuttingenergycosts.Itismadefromasustainable，renewableresourcewithlowcarbonemissions.It'salsoharmoniouswithexistingindustrialprocessingequipment，makingthetransitionintomanufacturinganeasyprospect.（1）Whatis"transparentwood"madefr