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年州市初中畢生學(xué)業(yè)考試
說明本卷頁,小題滿分.試時分.注事:1.答題前,考生務(wù)必在答題卡用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名、試室號、座位號,再用鉛把試室號、座位號的對應(yīng)數(shù)字涂黑..選擇題每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)答案選項涂黑,如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再重新選涂其他答案,答案不能答在試卷上..非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液.不按以上要求作答的答案無效..考生必須保持答題卡的整潔.考試結(jié)束后,將試卷和答題卡一并交回..本試卷不用裝訂,考完后統(tǒng)一交縣招生辦(中招辦)封存.參公:次函數(shù)
yax
的對稱軸是直線
=
b2a
,頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是(
b2,24一、選擇題:每小題分,共分.每小題給出四個案,其中只有一個是正確的..下各組數(shù)中,互為相反數(shù)的是()A2和
11B.-和-22
.-2-D.2和
12.如圖1的何體的俯視圖是()圖
A
B.
C.
D..列事件中,必然事件是()A.任意擲一枚均勻的硬幣,正面朝上B.黑暗中從一串不同的鑰匙中隨意摸出一把,用它打開了門C.通常情況下,水往低處流D.上學(xué)的路上一定能遇到同班同學(xué).如圖2所,圓O的AB垂平半徑.則四邊形()A是正形是長形C.是形D.上答案都不對
圖.一列貨運(yùn)火車從梅州站出發(fā),勻加速行駛一段時間后開始勻速行駛,過了一段時,火車到達(dá)下一個車站停下裝完貨后火車又勻加速行駛一時間后再次開始勻速行駛,那么可以近似地刻畫出火車在這段時間內(nèi)的速度變化情況的是()
二、填空題:每小題分,共分..算:
1()2
.7.
如圖,要測量A、B兩間距離,在O點(diǎn)樁,取OA的點(diǎn),
圖OB的點(diǎn)D,得CD=30米則AB米..如,點(diǎn)到∠兩的距離相等,若=30°則∠度.圖.如,AB是O的徑,=70°,則∠A度.
·10函數(shù)
y
1x
的自變量
的取值范圍是_..某校年級二班名生的年齡情況如下表所示:年齡人數(shù)
歲
歲
歲
歲
圖5則該班學(xué)生年齡的中位數(shù)________從該班隨機(jī)地抽取一人,抽到學(xué)生的年齡恰好是歲的概率等于_______.已知線mx與曲線y
kx
的一個交點(diǎn)的標(biāo)為(-1-2;
=____;們的另一個交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo).13觀察下列等式:①-1=4×2②
-2
=4×3③
-3
=4×4④()
-()=()(……則第個等式_.第n個式為_____是整數(shù))三解下各:題10小,81分.解應(yīng)出字明推過或算驟.題分7分如圖,已知
△
:
1111(1的等于.(2)將△ABC向平移個單位到______;
△
,則點(diǎn)的對應(yīng)點(diǎn)(3若將△ABC繞按時針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)90后得到
AB
,則A點(diǎn)應(yīng)點(diǎn)
的坐標(biāo)是_..題分7分右圖是我國運(yùn)動員在年、年年三屆奧運(yùn)會上獲得獎牌數(shù)的統(tǒng)計圖.請你根據(jù)統(tǒng)計圖提供的信息,回答下列問題:(1在1996年年、這三屆奧運(yùn)會上,我國運(yùn)動員獲得獎牌總數(shù)最多的一屆奧運(yùn)會________年.(2在1996年、2000年這三屆奧運(yùn)會上運(yùn)員共獲獎_枚.(3)據(jù)以上統(tǒng)計,預(yù)測我國運(yùn)動員在年運(yùn)會上能獲得的獎牌總數(shù)大約為枚..題分7分解分式方程:
..題分7分如圖所,在長和寬分別是
a
、
的矩形紙片的四個角都剪去一個邊長為的方形.用,b表示紙片剩部分的面積;當(dāng)=6,b且剪去部分的面積等于剩余部分的面積時,求正方形的邊長.
圖
EF
.題分8分如圖,四邊形ABCD是平行四邊形.O是角線AC的中點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)O的線分別交ABDC于點(diǎn)E、,與、延長線分別交于點(diǎn)G、.(1寫出圖中不全等的兩個相似三角形(不要求證明(2除=,AD=,OAOC這三對相等的線段外,圖中還有多相等的線段,請選出其中一對加以證明.圖.題分8分如圖所示,直線與坐標(biāo)軸的交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)分別是(-,0,O是標(biāo)系原點(diǎn).(1求直線L所應(yīng)的函數(shù)的達(dá)式;(2若以O(shè)為心,半徑為的圓與直線L切,求的..題分8分已知關(guān)于的一元二次方程x-.…①若x是方程①的一個根,求的和方程①的另一根;對任意實(shí)數(shù),判斷方程①的根的情況,并明理由..題分8分
如圖10所,E是方形ABCD的AB的動點(diǎn),EF⊥DE交BC于F(1求證:∽;(2設(shè)方形的邊長為,AE=
,BF
y
.當(dāng)
取什么值時,
y
有最大求出這個最大值..題分10.“一方有難,八方支援.在抗“.汶川特大地震災(zāi)害中,某市組織輛汽車裝運(yùn)食品、藥品、生活用品三種救災(zāi)物資共噸到災(zāi)民安置點(diǎn).按計劃20輛汽車都要裝運(yùn)每輛汽車只能裝同一種救災(zāi)物資且必須裝滿據(jù)表提供的信息,解答下列問題:
物資種類食藥生用品每輛汽車運(yùn)載量(噸)64每噸所需運(yùn)費(fèi)(/噸)(1設(shè)裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)為
,裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛數(shù)為
y
.求
y
與
的函數(shù)關(guān)系式;(2如裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)不少于5輛裝藥品的車輛數(shù)不少于4輛,那么車輛的安排有幾種方案寫出每種安排方案;(3在)的條件下,若要求總運(yùn)費(fèi)最少,應(yīng)采用哪種安排方并求出最少總費(fèi)..題分11分如圖11所示,在梯形ABCD中,已知∥,AD⊥DBAD=CB=4以所直線為
軸,過D且垂直于AB的線為y軸建立平面直角坐標(biāo)系.(1求的數(shù)及、D、C三的坐標(biāo)(2求ADC三點(diǎn)的拋物線的解析式及其對稱軸.(3P是拋物線的對稱軸L上點(diǎn)使PDB為等腰三角形的點(diǎn)P有幾個(必求點(diǎn)的標(biāo),只需說明理由)
111111參考答案與評分意見一、選擇題:每小題分,共15分.每小題出四個答案,其中只有一個是正確的..C;2.A;3C;4;5B.二、填空題:每小題分,共分..2.
.
.60
.
.x>1
11歲12m=2k=2(12分1362
-4
(1分22
=4×()(分三解答下列各題本題有10小題共81分解答應(yīng)寫出文字說推過程或演算步驟..題分7分如圖,已知ABC:(1的等于_.(2)若將ABC向右平移2個單位得到△
,則
A
點(diǎn)的對應(yīng)點(diǎn)
A
的坐標(biāo)______;(3將△繞點(diǎn)按順時針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)
0后得到
C
,則A點(diǎn)對應(yīng)點(diǎn)A的坐是.解110.···································分(2,····················································································
(3,·························································································7分.題分7分右圖是我國運(yùn)動員在年、2000年年屆奧運(yùn)會上獲得獎牌數(shù)的統(tǒng)計圖.請你根據(jù)統(tǒng)計圖提供的信息,回答下列問題:(1在年、、2004這三屆奧運(yùn)會上,我國運(yùn)動員獲得獎牌總數(shù)最多的一屆奧運(yùn)會_年(2年2000年年這三屆奧運(yùn)會上,我國運(yùn)動員共獲獎牌枚(3根以上統(tǒng)計預(yù)我國運(yùn)動員在年運(yùn)會上能獲得的獎牌總數(shù)大約為_________.解1年;··················2(2172;························································································4分(3.························································································7分
,,(注:預(yù)數(shù)字在64~83的得3分,84得2,~103得分大于或小于的得0分).題分7分解分式方程:
.解方程兩邊同乘以
-2,得1-
+2(
)=1········································2分即x+2-4=1,··············································································解得x=4·······················································································經(jīng)檢驗,是方程的根.····························································.本滿分7分如圖所示長和寬分別是
a
b
的矩形紙片的四個角都剪去一個邊長為
的正方形.··············································································································用a,b,表示紙片剩余部分的面積;當(dāng)=6,b且剪去部分的面積等于剩余部分的面積時,求正方形的邊長.解1-;·····································2分(2依題意有:-4將=6,b,代入上式,得
2分2=3,·········6分解得
x舍去)
.·················7分即正方形的邊長為
.
圖.題分8分如圖,四邊形
是平行四邊形.O是對角線
的中點(diǎn),過點(diǎn)
O
的直線
EF
分別交、于
E
、
F
,與CBAD延長線分別交于點(diǎn)、.(1寫出圖中不全等的兩個相似三角形(不要求證明(2除=,AD=,OAOC這三對相等的線段外,圖中還有多相等的線段,請選出其中一對加以證明.解1AEH與DFH·······························(或
與
,或
與
,或
DFH與
)(2)=.·················································3分證:∵四邊形是平行四邊形,AB∥,·····························EAOAOE
,··································,···································6分∴
≌
COF
,·······························OE.············································8分(意此有種法選外對,此準(zhǔn)
圖分.題分8分如圖所示,直線L與坐標(biāo)軸的交點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)分別是A(-3,0(04是標(biāo)原點(diǎn).
1212(1求直線L所應(yīng)的函數(shù)的達(dá)式;(2若以O(shè)為心,半徑為的與直線L相切,求R的.解1設(shè)所求為
y
=
kx
+
.·································································1分將A-3,0(0)的坐標(biāo)代入,得
······································2分解得
=4,
=
43
.·································3所求為
y
=
43
.··································分(2設(shè)切點(diǎn)為P,OP則⊥AB,=Rt中,OA,OB,得AB=5,························································6分因為,
122
得·································································=
125
.·································································································8分(本題可用相似三角形求解).題分8分已知關(guān)于的一元二次方程x2-2=0①.若
是這個方程的一個根,求
的值和方程①的另一根;對任意的實(shí)數(shù)
,判斷方程①的根的情況,并說明理由.解1
是方程①的一個根,所以1+
-2=0,····································1分解得
=1.·····················································································方程為2,解得,x,x.所以方程的另一根為.····································································4分(2
=m2+8,····································································5分因為對于任意實(shí)數(shù)
,
20,·····························································6分所以
2
,····················································································所以對于任意的實(shí)數(shù)
,方程①有兩個不相等的實(shí)數(shù)根.·························8分.題分8分如圖10所,E是方形ABCD的AB的動點(diǎn),EF⊥DE交BC于點(diǎn).(1求證:
∽
;(2設(shè)正方形的邊長為4AE=,BFy當(dāng)x取么值時,y最大?并出這個最大值.證:(1因為是正方形,所以∠∠=
,
所以∠ADE+∠DEA=
,·······················1分又EF⊥,所以AED+=,························································2所以∠ADE=∠FEB,················································································3分所以
ADE∽
BEF···············································································(2解:由()
ADE∽
,=4,BE
,得4
,得························································································5分y
=
14
11()[2)(x4
,·································6分所以當(dāng)x=2時有大值,···································································7分y
的最大值為1····················································································.題分10.“一方有難,八方支援.在抗“.汶川特大地震災(zāi)害中,某市組織輛汽車裝運(yùn)食品、藥品、生活用品三種救災(zāi)物資共噸到災(zāi)民安置點(diǎn).按計劃20輛汽車都要裝運(yùn)每輛汽車只能裝同一種救災(zāi)物資且必須裝滿據(jù)表提供的信息,解答下列問題:
物資種類食藥品生活用品每輛汽車運(yùn)載量(噸)654每噸所需運(yùn)費(fèi)(/噸)120100(1設(shè)裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)為
,裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛數(shù)為
y
.求
y
與
的函數(shù)關(guān)系式;(2如裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)不少于5輛裝藥品的車輛數(shù)不少于4輛,那么車輛的安排有幾種方案寫出每種安排方案;(3在)的條件下,若要求總運(yùn)費(fèi)最少,應(yīng)采用哪種安排方并求出最少總費(fèi).解1根據(jù)題意,裝運(yùn)食品的車輛數(shù)為裝運(yùn)藥品的車輛數(shù)為,那么裝運(yùn)生活用品的車輛數(shù)為
(
.··················································1分則有
4(20)100
,····························································2分整理得,
20x
.··········································································(2由()知,裝運(yùn)食品,藥品,生活品三種物資的車輛數(shù)分別為
,
,由題意,得
x,20x≥
··········································································4分解這個不等式組,得
·······························································。5分因為
為整數(shù),所以
的值為5,78所以安排方案有種:····················方案一:裝運(yùn)食品輛、藥品10輛生用品5輛·································。5分方案二:裝運(yùn)食品輛、藥品輛生活用品6輛·······································6分方案三:裝運(yùn)食品輛、藥品輛生活用品7輛··································6。5分方案四:裝運(yùn)食品輛、藥品輛生活用品8輛······································(3)設(shè)總運(yùn)費(fèi)為W(元則
W
=6
×120+5
)×160+4
.·························8
最小11223234最小1122323445因為,以W值隨x的大而減?。ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?。5分要使總運(yùn)費(fèi)最少,需W小,則.··················································9故選方案4···············································································。5分
=16000-480×8=12160元.·······················································10分最少總運(yùn)費(fèi)為12160元.題分11分如圖11所,在梯形中已知CD,ADDB,AD=DC=CBAB.以AB所直線為軸,過且直于的直線為y軸立平面角坐標(biāo)系.(1求的數(shù)及、D、C三的坐標(biāo)(2求過A、、C三的拋物線的解析式及其對稱軸L.(3P是拋物線的對稱軸L上點(diǎn)么必求點(diǎn)P的坐標(biāo),只需說明理由)
為等腰三角形的點(diǎn)有幾不解()
DCAB,=DC=,
∠CDB=∠,···············0。5∠DAB=∠CBA∠=2∠,∠∠DBA,
∠DAB=60,·······。5分∠DBA,,DC=AD=2
·········2分t
AOD=1,OD=
3
,·····················2。分
A(-,00
3
(2,
3
(2據(jù)拋物線和等腰梯形的對稱性知滿條件的拋物線必過點(diǎn)(-1,(3故可設(shè)所求為
y=a(x-3)·····················································將點(diǎn)(,
3
)的坐標(biāo)代入上式得,
a
=
33
.所求拋物線的解析式為
33
(xx
····································其對稱軸L為線
=1.··········································································(3為等腰三角形,有以下三種情況:①因直線L與DB不平行DB的直平分線與L有一個交點(diǎn),PD=,
PDB等腰三角形;···········································································②因為以D為圓心,DB為徑的圓與直線L有個點(diǎn)、,DB=,DP,
PDB,
PDB等腰三角形;③與②同理L上有兩個點(diǎn)P、P,得=BP,BDBP.···················10分由于以上各點(diǎn)互不重合,所以在直線上使
為等腰三角形的點(diǎn)P5個.
2021年考備考指1中考最后20天,用有限的時間把學(xué)習(xí)效率最大化一分鐘學(xué)一分鐘,不要30秒是看書,另外30秒是發(fā)呆。2、加強(qiáng)你的接受能力和專注程度中考最后20天是攻堅戰(zhàn),拼的不只是學(xué)習(xí)知識。3、如果感覺很多知識“跟不上”,回過頭把初二知識理一理。同時在這里告誡初二學(xué)生,初二基本是分水嶺,一定要重視初二知識的學(xué)習(xí)。4、中考馬上就到,學(xué)校里一些學(xué)生會說“對數(shù)學(xué)這門科目沒興趣……怎么辦”,我只想說還有30天就中考了你卻說你對數(shù)學(xué)沒興趣所以要擺正學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,沒興趣不是理由!5、如果文科的秘籍是多聽、多背、多,那么數(shù)學(xué)就是要多練、多整理錯題就不用多說了,為什么整理錯題這么重要?因為初中數(shù)學(xué)題目你是做不完的,關(guān)注題型、關(guān)注你不會的,把錯的做對,那么你的數(shù)學(xué)成績就沒有問題。6如果你平常只能考一般分?jǐn)?shù)那么你掌握的基礎(chǔ)知識還可以,是考試不僅考基礎(chǔ)題,還考綜合題壓軸題所以最后一定要加強(qiáng)綜合訓(xùn)練尤其是要給自己營造出一種緊張的考試氛圍,在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)進(jìn)行綜合訓(xùn)練。7、中考最20要克服粗心的毛病,培養(yǎng)堅持到底的毅力。最后的關(guān)鍵時刻,誰堅持到最后,誰就是贏家,考完以后再回首你會覺得幸虧自己懂得及時。8最后這段時間學(xué)習(xí)計劃更重要每天列出需要完成的任務(wù)不要只會“刷題”,這樣學(xué)習(xí)效率會更高,你也會在完成任務(wù)的成就感中更加喜歡學(xué)習(xí)。9、要明白到底什么是“會”和“不會”。很多同學(xué)拿到試卷后看到錯題第
一反應(yīng)就是“我粗心”如果問“1加1等于幾?”,最差的初三學(xué)生都知道等于2,這跟知識點(diǎn)的熟練度相關(guān)以要明白“懂”不代表會分?jǐn)?shù)拿不到就是不會。粗心只是因為你做得還不夠,熟練程度還沒達(dá)到!10、中考實(shí)際上是對你學(xué)習(xí)能力、心理素質(zhì)、抗壓能力、協(xié)調(diào)能力等綜合能力的考查,所以一定要注意綜合發(fā)展,別只會傻傻“刷題”。11、學(xué)習(xí)是一個連續(xù)的過程。即使明天中,也別忘了學(xué)習(xí)計劃的實(shí)施。到現(xiàn)在還沒有一個屬于自己的計劃?更要好好反思,可以跟老師好好討論給自己制訂一個科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)計劃!12、不久后你會參加中,后你還會面對高,會上也有各種考試等著你,要想取得好成績,先要武裝好自己括堅韌不拔的意志、不怕輸?shù)挠職?、勇往直前的沖勁等,具備了這些精神品質(zhì),你將一往無前。語文備建議語文最容易得分的是理解性默寫的題15分的題只要背下來記下來對字,就不成問題?;A(chǔ)題靠積累:中考,每天早自習(xí)抽出10分鐘看一下易錯字、易錯讀音、病句修改、文化常識,30天足夠你對這些知識了然于胸考場上信手拈來。古詩詞:一般情況下考一個選擇,個分析題。中考古詩詞都是課內(nèi),所以你對這些不會陌生。但是分析題不僅需要你有一定的語言組織能,還需要你把平常上課的語文筆記都背得滾瓜爛熟。這個需要時,但是如果你仍然不太熟悉的話,同理,每天復(fù)習(xí)兩篇古詩詞的筆記足夠了?,F(xiàn)代文閱讀和作文這里不必多說因為一個月時間不僅不能提高你的作文和閱讀能力,還會適得其反。
數(shù)學(xué)備建議建議各位在這天里,備60道二次函數(shù)壓軸題和60道幾何證明的大題。每天分析一道,做一道。那些一遍做對,析一下是哪種類型,幾道同類型的,如果都能成功地pass掉,恭喜你,這個類型暫時沒問題了!如果沒做對,找一張A4,首行寫題目,下面一步一步寫過程。一道題用一張紙,不夠可以改用八開紙每一步都寫出來每個細(xì)節(jié)都不要放過每一步過程旁邊用紅筆寫出這一步
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