2023屆新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題

2022—2023學(xué)年高三年級第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)回答聽力部分時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一個(gè)小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisnewjob?A.Relaxing.B.Disappointing.C.Well-paid.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InB.InC.Inurant.B.Inashop.C.Inabar.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.SendB.CheckC.SeeB.Checktheletteragain.C.SeeMr.Brown.4.HowmanypeoplewillvisitLijianginthecomingyear?A.4B.5C.65.Whatisthemanlikelytodo?A.FindB.JoinC.Learnlayer.B.Joinafootballteam.C.Learntoplayfootball.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6~7題。6.Whatkindofroomdidthemanbook?A.AB.AC.Aeroom.B.Atraderoom.C.Aconferenceroom.7.Howmuchshouldthemanpayintotal?A.$200.B.$600.C.$800.聽第7段材料，回答第8~9題。8.HowlongdoesMaryworkeveryday?A.7hours.B.8hours.C.9hours.9.WhatdoesMaryusuallydoafterwork?A.WorkB.ReadC.DoB.Readbooks.C.Dosomehousework.聽第8段材料，回答第10~12題。10.Whatistheirhomelike?A.BigB.SmallC.SmallB.Smallbutnew.C.Smallbutconvenient.11.Whatwilltheybuyfirst?AB.TheC.Theelf.B.Themirror.C.Thebed.12.Wherewilltheydrivenow?A.TheirB.AC.Thebuilding.B.Afurniturestore.C.Thenearestsupermarket.聽第9段材料，回答第13~16題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.PolicemanB.FatherC.TeacherB.Fatheranddaughter.C.Teacherandstudent.14.Whereisthesupermarket?A.OppositeB.NextC.Atseum.B.Nexttothehotel.C.Attheendoftheroad.15.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Ridingherbikealltheway.B.Waitingforthegreenlightoff.C.Crossingtheroadcarefully.16.Howwillthespeakersgotothesupermarket?A.ByB.OnC.ByB.Onfoot.C.Bybike.聽第10段材料，回答第17~20題。17.Whatdid“thumbsup”meaninRomanera?A.AB.AC.Aerisalive.B.Afighterisdying.C.Ajudgehasgoodnews.18.Wheredidthepositivemeaningof“thumbsup”comefrom?A.TheB.TheC.Greece.B.TheUSA.C.Greece.19.WhatwouldpeopledowhentheyfinishedadealinMiddleAges?A.Pressthethumbtothetopofthefist.B.Licktheirthumbsandpressthemtogether.C.Thumpupandthumpdown.20.Whospedupthewideuseofthumbsupthroughtheinternet?A.Somebusinessmen.B.Somehitchhikers.C.Somemoviereviewers.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALEARNLIVEFROMTHEWMEXPERTSDoyouhavepassionforwriting?Ifso,jointheWMteamformoreinteractivewebinarstohelpyouachieveyourwritingdreams.Thiswebinar,forwritersofalllevels,willfocusonartofthe500-wordstory.Itwillgiveyoutipsongeneratingideas,startingstrong,structure,satisfyingendings,characters,potentialmarketsandthecrucialimportanceofediting.Howtogiveyournovelattentionitdeserves?Thiscoursecanhelpyouwriteatemptingcoveringletter,explainwhatshouldgointoyoursynopsis,biographyandsample,andconsiderwhetheritisbesttoapproachanagentorpublisher.Howtomakeatwistendingstory?Thereisanarttowriteatwistendingstoryanmakeitwork.Thiscoursewillcoverthedosanddon’tofthetechnique,badandgoodendings,marketsfortwiststories,avoidingbeingtoopredictableandfivewaystomakesureyourstoryworks.Howtoexploredifferentfeaturesofvariousgenres?Gothicfiction(Friday,September18th,1lam-2pm)remainsanendearinglypopulargenre,witharichhistoryandlivelymodernscene.Inthissessionwe’llexplorewhatitmeansforfictiontobetrueGothic,aswellasofferwritingexercisestogetyoudevelopingyourownpiecesinthefield.Alternativehistory(Saturday,September19th,8am—1lam)offersafascinatingopportunitytoexplorehoweventsofthepastcouldhaveplayedoutdifferentlyandaffectedtheworldtoday.Thiswebinarwilldefinethesub-genre,explorefamousexamplesandsetyouuptodevelopyourownalternativehistories.Horrorfiction(Sunday,September20th,3pm—5pm)isfullofmonsters,fromthesupernaturalforcesofvampires,zombiesandwerewolvestomonsterswithhumanfaces.Inthiswebinar,we’llexplorehowtoeffectivelyusesomeoftheclassicsanddevelopyourown,new,horrorcreationstoterrifyyourreaders.Ifyouwouldliketobookseveralwebinars,pleasecalluson,sowecangiveyouadiscount.Tofindoutmore,visitwww.writers-online.co.uk/webinars.1.Whatkindofadvicecan’tthewebinargiveus?A.Howtorealizeourdream.B.Howtomakeourwritingmoreattractive.C.Howtoexploredifferentwritingfeatures.D.Howtogeneratesatisfyingendingstoourstory.2.Ifyouareinterestedinhistory,whattimewouldyouchoosetojointhewebinar?A.September20th,3pm—5pm B.September19th,3pm—5pmC.September18th,1lam—2pm D.September19th,8am—11am3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Ajournal B.Anovel C.Amagazine D.Atextbook【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一個(gè)幫助您實(shí)現(xiàn)寫作夢想互動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)。本次網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)面向各個(gè)層次的作家，將重點(diǎn)討論500字故事的藝術(shù)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouhavepassionforwriting?Ifso,jointheWMteamformoreinteractivewebinarstohelpyouachieveyourwritingdreams.”（你對寫作有熱情嗎？如果是這樣，請加入WM團(tuán)隊(duì)，參加更多互動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)，幫助您實(shí)現(xiàn)寫作夢想。）可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)可以幫助您實(shí)現(xiàn)寫作夢想，并不能給我們實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的建議。BCD選項(xiàng)均為網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)給到我們的建議。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alternativehistory的時(shí)間安排是“Saturday，September19th，8am——1lam”（9月19日，星期六，上午8點(diǎn)至下午1點(diǎn)）?？芍?，如果你對歷史感興趣，你會(huì)選擇參加網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)的時(shí)間為9月19日，8am-11am。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyouwouldliketobookseveralwebinars,pleasecalluson,sowecangiveyouadiscount.Tofindoutmore,visitwww.writers-online.co.uk/webinars.”（如果您想預(yù)訂多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)，請致電，我們可以給您折扣。想了解更多，請?jiān)L問www.writers-online.co.uk/webinars。）故可推知，這篇應(yīng)用文是關(guān)于互動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)研討會(huì)的一則廣告，最有可能選自一本雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。BAsweet,coming-of-agefilmhasattractednumbersofaudiences,includingthejudgesattheAcademyAwards.ThemovieCODAisshiningalight,havingwonBestPictureof2021.CODAmeansChildrenofDeafAdults,andisaboutRuby,ahearingteenagegirlgrowingupwithdeafparentsandadeafbrother.Asopposedtofollowingherowndreamsofbecomingasinger,shefindsherselfmostlyathome,beinganinterpreterforherfamily.ThisisanEnglishlanguageversionofthe2014movieLaFamilleBelier,however,CODAtakesthisstorytoanewlevel.UnliketheFrenchversion,whichusedhearingactors,thewriteranddirectorSianHederinsistedonusingdeafactors,afirstforHollywood.Thefilmrevealsthehardshipsandchallengesexperiencedbydeafpeoplewhoareparentingandworkinginahearingworld.Usingdeafactorswhounderstandthisrealityandwhosignfluentlyhasbeenagame-changer.“Fortoolong,theindustryhasrewardedactorsanddirectorswhohaveexploitedthetrope(比喻)offakingsympatheticdisabilitiestowinawardsforthemselveswithoutbringingindeafpeopleorpeoplewithdisabilitiestoensureauthenticity(真實(shí)性).”HowardA.Rosenblum,CEOoftheNationalAssociationoftheDeafsaid.SuchauthenticityhasearnedCODAmanydistinctions,includingmultipleawardsatthe2021Sun-danceFestival,aswellasthreeOscars.ThankstoCODA,cinemaloversmaynowbeabletobetterunderstandandrespectaworldthathasbeenmostlysilenced.“It’saculturethathasbeenignoredandblockedofffromaccess.Ihopethatpeoplearegoingtobeexposedtodeafculturethroughthisfilm,andexposedtoAmericanSignLanguagewhomightneverhaveseenascenebeforewhereadeaffamilyissittingaroundadinnertable.”Hedersaid.Thisisafeel-goodmoviefullofemotion,love,andthechallengesoflife.Ithastouchedtheheartsofpeopleacrosstheworld,bothhearinganddeaf,andisunitingall.4.WhatstorydoesthemovieCODAtellus?A.Adeafgirlchasingherdream.B.Aninterpretersucceedinginbecomingasinger.C.Afamilyofdeafchildrenhelpingeachother.D.Agirlwithhearinggrowingupinadeaffamily.5.InwhatwayisCODAuniquetotheFrenchversion?A.Itisfilmedintwolanguages. B.Itinviteddeafactorstoplayroles.C.Itisadaptedfromarealstory. D.Itinvolvessignlanguageperformances.6.Whatcanyoulearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thepopularityofthefilm.B.Thedevelopmentoffilmindustry.C.Theimportanceofauthenticityinthefilm.D.Theinfluenceofthefilmondeafpeople.7.Whatcanyoulearnfromthemovie?A.Educationisthekeytosuccess.B.Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.C.Challengesmakelifemoreinteresting.D.Loveforthedisabledcanbreakdownbarriers.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。介紹了CODA獲奧斯卡最佳影片獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)信息：在第94屆奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，AppleTV+的原創(chuàng)影片CODA獲得了最佳影片獎(jiǎng)，這使得AppleTV+成為第一個(gè)獲此殊榮的流媒體服務(wù)平臺。這部電影在很多方面都是一個(gè)里程碑式的勝利，包括成為AppleTV+的第一個(gè)最佳影片提名?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“CODAmeansChildrenofDeafAdults,andisaboutRuby,ahearingteenagegirlgrowingupwithdeafparentsandadeafbrother.”（CODA的意思是聾人成人家的孩子，講述的是一個(gè)有聽力的少女魯比的故事，她的父母和哥哥都是聾人）可知，該影片主要講述一個(gè)聽力正常的女孩在一個(gè)父母和哥哥都有聽力障礙的家庭中的成長故事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“UnliketheFrenchversion,whichusedhearingactors,thewriteranddirectorSianHederinsistedonusingdeafactors,afirstforHollywood.”（與法國版使用聽力正常的演員不同，編劇兼導(dǎo)演希恩·海德(SianHeder)堅(jiān)持使用聾人演員，這在好萊塢還是第一次）可知，該影片不同于法國版本的地方在于，首次選用聽力有障礙的演員。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“SuchauthenticityhasearnedCODAmanydistinctions,includingmultipleawardsatthe2021Sun-danceFestival,aswellasthreeOscars.”（這種真實(shí)性為CODA贏得了許多榮譽(yù)，包括2021年太陽舞蹈節(jié)上的多個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，以及三項(xiàng)奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)）故可推知，從第三段可以了解到電影真實(shí)性的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段介紹電影的內(nèi)容以及最后一段“Thisisafeel-goodmoviefullofemotion,love,andthechallengesoflife.Ithastouchedtheheartsofpeopleacrosstheworld,bothhearinganddeaf,andisunitingall.”（這是一部讓人感覺良好的電影，充滿了情感、愛和生活的挑戰(zhàn)。它觸動(dòng)了全世界所有人的心，無論他們是健全人還是聾啞人，并將所有人團(tuán)結(jié)在一起）可知，該影片以殘疾人為演員，講述一個(gè)聽力正常的女孩在聽力障礙的家庭中的成長故事。故可從這部電影中學(xué)到要呼吁社會(huì)關(guān)愛殘疾人，對殘疾人的愛可以打破障礙。故選D項(xiàng)。CItiswellknownthatbirthrateshavedeclinedaswomen’slabor-forceparticipationhasincreased.Handlingacareeraswellasjugglingchildcareappearedtoleavelittleroomforbigfamilies.Butnewresearchnowhelpstoexplainastrikingreversalofthattrendinrichcountries:higherfemaleparticipationratesareassociatedwithmorebabies.In1980richcountrieswithhighnumbersoffemaleworkershadlowerbirthratesthanpooreroneswithmorejoblesswomen.Wealthyparentsspentmoremoneyontheirchildrenandworkingmothersfacedhighercostsfromchild-rearing.Asmorewomenjoinedthelaborforce,birthratesshouldhavefallen.However,by2000,aftertheshareofworkingwomenhadincreasedinplacessuchasAmericaandBritain,thattrendhadreversed.Amongrichcountriesbirthrateswerehighestinthosewherethemostwomenworked.Demographerswerepuzzled.Whathadchanged?AnewworkingpaperpublishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearcharguesthatthereversalwasdrivenbybothculturalandpolicychanges.IncountriessuchasAmerica,andNorwayitbecameeconomicallyandsociallyeasiertoholddownajobandbeamother.Asaresult,thebirthrateincreased.Butinplaceswherethetworemainedinconflict,forexampleinItalyandSpain,womenstillworkedmoreandhadfewerbabies.Theauthorsfindthatfourmainfactorsleadtohigherfertilityrates:flexiblelabormarkets,cooperativefathers,favorablesocialnorms,andgoodfamilypolicies.InNorway,forexample,wherechildcareishighlysubsidized—in2021thegovernmentspent$29,726pertoddler—boththefemaleemploymentrateandthefertilityrateareamongthehighestintheOECD,aclubofmostlyrichcountries.Nodoubt49weeksofparentalleavehelps,too.Publicspending,however,doesnotsolelydeterminechild-rearingdecisions.Socialfactorsalsoplayarole.AmericaranksnearthebottomoftheOECDonchildcarespending,dishingoutjust$500perchildeachyear.Itisalsotheonlycountrywithoutnationalpaidmaternityleave.ButmeninAmericadomorehouseworkandtakeonmorechildcarethaninmostOECDcountries.Gettingmentodotheirshareofthehouseholdworkmaynotbesimpleforgovernmentsorwomen.Shiftingsocialnormstakestimeandincreasingspendingonchildcareorimprovingparentalleavepolicies—asDemocratsinAmericahavetriedtodo—canbepoliticallyfraught.Butthetrendisclear:makingiteasierformothersinrichcountriestoworkisagoodwaytohelpbumpfertilityrates.8.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“reversal”inparagraph1?A.Turnaround. B.Imbalance. C.Destroy. D.Repetition.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopthesecondparagraph?A.Byfigures. B.Bydefinition. C.Bycomparison. D.Byexamples.10Inwhichcountrythebirthratedeclinedwithfemaleemploymentinrecentyears?A.America. B.Britain.C.Norway. D.Italy.11.Whichofthefollowingfactordoesn’tcontributetohigherfertilityratesinrichcountries?A.Theflexibilityoflabormarkets.B.Theconflictbetweenemploymentandmaternity.C.Male’sshareofhouseholdworkandchildcare.D.Favorablesocialrulesandgoodfamilypolicies.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要論述女性就業(yè)與新生兒出生率之間的關(guān)系?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Itiswellknownthatbirthrateshavedeclinedaswomen’slabor-forceparticipationhasincreased.Handlingacareeraswellasjugglingchildcareappearedtoleavelittleroomforbigfamilies.(眾所周知，隨著婦女勞動(dòng)力參與率的提高，出生率有所下降。處理職業(yè)和兼顧育兒似乎給大家庭留下了很少的空間。)”可知，一直以來，人們都認(rèn)為女性參與就業(yè)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)出生率下降。而后文針對富裕國家的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)“higherfemaleparticipationratesareassociatedwithmorebabies.(較高的女性就業(yè)參與率與更多的嬰兒有關(guān)。)”表明富裕國家女性就業(yè)參與率越高，嬰兒越多，可得出針對“女性參與就業(yè)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)出生率下降”這一趨勢，富裕國家發(fā)生了逆轉(zhuǎn)，畫線詞意為“扭轉(zhuǎn)（Turnaround）”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In1980richcountrieswithhighnumbersoffemaleworkershadlowerbirthratesthanpooreroneswithmorejoblesswomen.(1980年，女性工人人數(shù)較多的富裕國家的出生率低于失業(yè)婦女較多的貧窮國家。)”以及“However,by2000,aftertheshareofworkingwomenhadincreasedinplacessuchasAmericaandBritain,thattrendhadreversed.Amongrichcountriesbirthrateswerehighestinthosewherethemostwomenworked.(然而，到2000年，在美國和英國等地，職業(yè)婦女的比例有所增加之后，這一趨勢發(fā)生了逆轉(zhuǎn)。在富裕國家中，婦女工作最多的國家的出生率最高。)”可知，第二段將貧富國家出生率進(jìn)行對比，將1980年與2000年出生率對比，可知，本段主要使用的寫作手法是作比較。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butinplaceswherethetworemainedinconflict,forexampleinItalyandSpain,womenstillworkedmoreandhadfewerbabies.(但在兩者仍然沖突的地方，例如在意大利和西班牙，婦女仍然工作較少，生育的孩子也更少。)”可知，在意大利，出生率低下。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theauthorsfindthatfourmainfactorsleadtohigherfertilityrates:flexiblelabormarkets,cooperativefathers,favorablesocialnorms,andgoodfamilypolicies.(作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，四個(gè)主要因素導(dǎo)致更高的生育率：靈活的勞動(dòng)力市場，合作的父親，有利的社會(huì)規(guī)范和良好的家庭政策。)”可知，出生率增長得益于勞動(dòng)力市場靈活，父親參與家務(wù)，社會(huì)制度的支持。而就業(yè)與孕期的沖突則不利于出生率增長。故選B項(xiàng)。DIntheblue-greendepthsoftheseaoffthecoastofTuscany,Italy,anunusualseafloorsculptureparkisdefendingitswaterysetting.SincefishermanPaolo’steens,hehasbeenleadingoutdailytofishinthesecoastalwatersalongtheMaremmacoastline.Itwasinthe1980sthathebegantonoticetheclearsigns:aseabedthatwasbecomingpoor,withexhaustedfishstocks.Untilrecently,hewasforcedtosharecatcheswithathreateningpart:illegal“bottomtrawlers’’(拖網(wǎng)捕魚的人),whorandomlyspoilalargequantityofoceanlifeastheyfish,draggingaweightednetalongtheseafloorbehindtheirboats.Paolo’sstyleofartisanalfishing,incontrast,needstobesustainableasdamagingtheecosystemcouldreducefishermen’sincome.Paolounderstoodthatthesuccessofhisfishingactivitywaslinkedtothegoodstateoftheenvironment.“Iftheseadies,sodoesthefisherman.Youcan’tjusttake.Youhavetogive,too,”saidPaolo.Theunderwater“HouseofFish”sculpturepark,whichwasstartedin2015,wasencouragedbythisfisherman’sdesiretodosomethingthatwentbeyondthehandfulofconcreteblockshehadpreviouslyconvincedlocalauthoritiesandsomeenvironmentalgroupstodropintotheseatotryandstopillegaltrawling.Concreteblocksorsculpturescanbreakweightedtrawlernets.Theycanalsoplayaroleasartificialreefs,givingcoralsandothersealifeaplacetolive,andvaryingshadeandlightingtohelpspeciesflourish.Thankstotheunderwatersculptures,somespeciesnotseeninalongwhilesuchasgroupersandlobstershavereturned.Thesculptureparkrepresentsbothanartisticstatementandaphysicalbarriertoseafloortrawling.Today,39huge,other-worldlystonesculpturesdottheseabedalongastretchofTuscancoastlinenearthetownofTalamone.Theseartworkshavebeenalreadycoatedwithalgae,asignthatthenaturalhabitatisbeingrevived.Intheimmediatefuture,Paolohopestocontinuehisbeautifulsolutionincoastalwaters.“Manisstilldestroyingtheseas,”hesays.“Andmymissioncontinues.”12.WhatthreatensPaolo’sworkofartisanalfishing?A.Increasingfishermen. B.Frequentbadweather.C.Illegaltrawlingindustry. D.Concreteblocksontheseafloor.13.WhydoesPaolowanttobuildunderwatersculptureparks?A.Toshowhiscreativityincarving.B.Toprotecttheecosystemofthesea.C.Toboostthedevelopmentoflocaltourism.D.Towarnpeopleagainstfishingincoastalwaters.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofbuildingsculptureparks.B.Theresultsofbanningseafloortrawling.C.Therolesofsculptureparksunderthesea.D.Thedamagingeffectsoftrawlingonsealife.15.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthistext?A.TheFirstUnderwaterParkintheWorld.B.Fanciulli’sInnovationinCleaningtheOcean.C.WaterswithSculptures:BetterHabitatsforFishes.D.SeafloorParks:ArtworksforProtectingOurSea.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹水下雕塑公園。在意大利托斯卡納海岸附近的海底深處，一個(gè)不同尋常的海底雕塑公園正靜靜地守護(hù)著大海。這些雕塑上已覆蓋了一層海藻，這正是海底自然棲息地漸漸復(fù)蘇的標(biāo)志，其藝術(shù)建筑與水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)合讓人耳目一新！【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Untilrecently,hewasforcedtosharecatcheswithathreateningpart:illegal“bottomtrawlers’’,whorandomlyspoilalargequantityofoceanlifeastheyfish,draggingaweightednetalongtheseafloorbehindtheirboats.”（直到最近，他還被迫與一個(gè)具有威脅性的部分——非法的“海底拖網(wǎng)漁船”分享漁獲物。這些漁船在捕魚時(shí)隨意破壞了大量海洋生物，他們在船后的海底拖著加重的漁網(wǎng)。）可知，非法拖網(wǎng)捕撈業(yè)威脅到保羅的手工捕魚工作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Paolounderstoodthatthesuccessofhisfishingactivitywaslinkedtothegoodstateoftheenvironment.“Iftheseadies,sodoesthefisherman.Youcan’tjusttake,youhavetogive,too,”saidPaolo.Theunderwater“HouseofFish”sculpturepark,whichwasstartedin2015,wasencouragedbythisfisherman’sdesiretodosomethingthatwentbeyondthehandfulofconcreteblockshehadpreviouslyconvincedlocalauthoritiesandsomeenvironmentalgroupstodropintotheseatotryandstopillegaltrawling.”（保羅明白，他的捕魚活動(dòng)的成功與良好的環(huán)境狀態(tài)有關(guān)。“如果大海死了，漁夫也會(huì)死。你不能只是拿。你也必須給予，”保羅說。水下“魚之家”雕塑公園于2015年啟動(dòng)，受到這位漁民的鼓勵(lì)，他希望做一些事情，而不僅僅是說服當(dāng)?shù)卣鸵恍┉h(huán)保組織投入海中，試圖阻止非法拖網(wǎng)捕魚。）可知，保羅懂得漁業(yè)與環(huán)境息息相關(guān)，如果海洋被破壞，漁民也無法生存的道理。所以，他建立地下水雕公園。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Concreteblocksorsculpturescanbreakweightedtrawlernets.Theycanalsoplayaroleasartificialreefs,givingcoralsandothersealifeaplacetolive,andvaryingshadeandlightingtohelpspeciesflourish.Thankstotheunderwatersculptures,somespeciesnotseeninalongwhilesuchasgroupersandlobstershavereturned.Thesculptureparkrepresentsbothanartisticstatementandaphysicalbarriertoseafloortrawling.”（混凝土塊或雕塑可以打破加重的拖網(wǎng)。它們也可以扮演人工珊瑚礁的角色，為珊瑚和其他海洋生物提供生存的地方，并改變陰影和照明，幫助物種繁榮。多虧了這些水下雕塑，一些許久未見的物種，如石斑魚和龍蝦，又回來了。這座雕塑公園既是一種藝術(shù)宣言，也是對海底拖網(wǎng)捕魚的物理屏障。）可知，第四段主要講的是海底雕塑公園的作用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Intheblue-greendepthsoftheseaoffthecoastofTuscany,Italy,anunusualseafloorsculptureparkisdefendingitswaterysetting.”（在意大利托斯卡納海岸外藍(lán)綠色的海洋深處，一個(gè)不同尋常的海底雕塑公園正在捍衛(wèi)它的水環(huán)境。）可知，文章主要介紹水下雕塑公園守護(hù)大海。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“海底公園：保護(hù)我們海洋的藝術(shù)品?！惫蔬xD項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Professionalsusetheword“amateur”asatermofcontempt(蔑視)forthosewholackformaltrainingandqualifications.___16___Onedaythatamateurmightjustcreateanewindustry.Afterall,almostallentrepreneursembodytheamateurspirit,startingasatinkererinagarageorwritingcomputercodeinabedroomsomewhere.Thereisnounionofentrepreneurs,andnoprotectivebodythatsetsexamsandstandards.Insteadthereisthefree-for-allofthemarket,abattlefieldwhereonlythefittestsurvive.Thisflexibleandinclusivestructureisahealthystateofaffairs.___17___.Typicalamateursarefreetoinventastheyplease,trynewideas,fail,andgetupanddoitallagain—butbetter.AsMarshallMcLuhan，themediatheorist，said：“Amateurscanaffordtolose.”___18___Amateurscandoitpart-time,forcharityorforfun.Theoldcartelsarebeingbypassedthankstotechnologicaladvancesandamoreinformalsociety.NoweveryonecanDIYandexperiment—frombloggingtofilm-makingtoonlineadviceshops.___19___Themysteriesoftheself-satisfiedoldcraftsarerevealedforalltoseethroughtheinternet.Theworldisvastlymorecomplexnow,butthatmeanseventhemostreveredprofessionalneedsexperttohelp.Theendoftheageofcompliancemeanswenolongerholdelitessuchasjudgesandbankersinsuchawe.Forcenturiestheclub-likeprofessionalbodieshavetakenchargeofthesociety,aformforthewell-educatedandconnected.___20___Theyrepresenttheultimatesuccess.Idon’tdenytheimportanceofeducation,butIplacegreateremphasisonresultsandoriginality,asopposedtodoctoratesandmembershipsofprofessionalbodies.Theyarealltoooftenfocusedondefendingprivilegeandstatusratherthanthepublicgood.A.Ithinksuchcontemptisamistake.B.Somebigcompaniesstrugglewithtrulynovelbreakthroughs.C.Nevertheless,Ishowmyadmirationforthearmiesofgiftedamateurs.D.Itbreaksdownbarrierstowelcomeall-comersandcreatesamoredynamicorder.E.Thankstotechnologydevelopment,wecanallbecompetentamateursatalmosteverything.F.That’sbecausetheynaturallywanttoreinforcepastsuccess—andcannotaffordpublicfailures.G.Theyareself-improvers,chasingadreamratherthanalaborious,life-longcareerwithinagroup.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。本文作者充分肯定了業(yè)余者的重要作用，并分析了業(yè)余者的優(yōu)勢所在?！?6題詳解】上文“Professionalsusetheword“amateur”asatermofcontemptforthosewholackformaltrainingandqualifications.”（專業(yè)人士用“業(yè)余”這個(gè)詞來鄙視那些缺乏正規(guī)培訓(xùn)和資格的人。）引出話題，提到對業(yè)余的鄙視。下文“Onedaythatamateurmightjustcreateanewindustry.”（有一天這個(gè)業(yè)余愛好者可能會(huì)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的行業(yè)。）說明業(yè)余愛好者可能會(huì)創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的行業(yè)，故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為這種蔑視是不對的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Ithinksuchcontemptisamistake.（我認(rèn)為這種蔑視是錯(cuò)誤的。）符合此推斷，起到上下文的承上啟下，上下文語意連貫。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由該空格處位于該段句尾，可知為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容或與上文內(nèi)容相關(guān)。該段上文“Afterall,almostallentrepreneursembodytheamateurspirit,startingasatinkererinagarageorwritingcomputercodeinabedroomsomewhere.Thereisnounionofentrepreneurs,andnoprotectivebodythatsetsexamsandstandards.Insteadthereisthefree-for-allofthemarket,abattlefieldwhereonlythefittestsurvive.Thisflexibleandinclusivestructureisahealthystateofaffairs.”（畢竟，幾乎所有的企業(yè)家都體現(xiàn)了業(yè)余精神，從車庫的修補(bǔ)匠或在臥室的某處編寫計(jì)算機(jī)代碼開始。沒有企業(yè)家聯(lián)盟，也沒有制定考試和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)。取而代之的是一個(gè)所有人都可以自由競爭的市場，一個(gè)只有適者生存的戰(zhàn)場。這種靈活和包容的結(jié)構(gòu)是一種健康的狀態(tài)。）可知，本段論述業(yè)余者的優(yōu)勢，且空格前句“這種業(yè)余的就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)具有靈活性和包容性”，可推知，緊接著具體介紹其包容性是指什么。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Itbreaksdownbarrierstowelcomeall-comersandcreatesamoredynamicorder.（它打破了壁壘，歡迎所有人，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)更有活力的秩序。）符合此推斷，為上文內(nèi)容的遞進(jìn)和補(bǔ)充說明解釋。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“AsMarshallMcLuhan，themediatheorist，said：“Amateurscanaffordtolose.”（正如媒體理論家馬歇爾?麥克盧漢(MarshallMcLuhan)所言：業(yè)余人士輸?shù)闷?。）和下文“Amateurscandoitpart-time,forcharityorforfun.”（業(yè)余愛好者可以做兼職，為了慈善或娛樂。），結(jié)合選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)Theyareself-improvers,chasingadreamratherthanalaborious,life-longcareerwithinagroup.（他們是自我完善的流浪者，追逐夢想，而不是在一個(gè)群體中努力奮斗一輩子。）可知，為上下文的承上啟下，可以前后銜接，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Themysteriesoftheself-satisfiedoldcraftsarerevealedforalltoseethroughtheinternet.”（通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，人們可以看到這些自鳴得意的老工藝品的奧秘。）可知，講的是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)讓人們了解專業(yè)的奧秘，讓他們變得不那么業(yè)余。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)E項(xiàng)Thankstotechnologydevelopment,wecanallbecompetentamateursatalmosteverything.（由于技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我們幾乎可以在任何事情上都成為稱職的業(yè)余愛好者。）意思一致，都是講的技術(shù)發(fā)展的力量，上下文語意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上段最后一句“Forcenturiestheclub-likeprofessionalbodieshavetakenchargeofthesociety,aformforthewell-educatedandconnected.”（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，像俱樂部一樣的專業(yè)團(tuán)體一直掌控著這個(gè)社會(huì)，這是一種為受過良好教育和有人脈的人提供的形式。）說明專業(yè)人士統(tǒng)領(lǐng)世界，同時(shí)本段下文“Theyrepresenttheultimatesuccess.”（他們‘業(yè)余者’代表著最后的成功）可知，此處需要一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Nevertheless,Ishowmyadmirationforthearmiesofgiftedamateurs.（盡管如此，我還是對天賦異稟的業(yè)余愛好者大軍表示欽佩。）符合該處的句意邏輯，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JonesThandowasa16-year-oldseniorhighschoolstudent,whohadanideaforanewmethodoffindingpancreaticcancer.WhenJoneswas15yearsold,herauntdiedofthiskindofcancer,which___21___herdeeply.Thisdiseaseis___22___seriousbecausethereisnowaytodetectitasearlyaspossible.Bythetime___23___testsdeterminethepatienthasthepossibilityofcancer,it’softentoolatetodoanything!___24___thatitwasoftenthecase,Joneswasdeterminedtodowhatevershecantodevelopatestthatcould___25___problemsasearlyaspossible.Thewayaheadseemed___26___forJones.Shewas___27___aseniorhighschoolstudent,andwhatshe___28___tocreatewassomethingnooneelsehadtried.SoJonesread___29___aboutthiskindofcancer,wrotealetterofadviceaboutheridea,andsentitouttomorethan500medical____30____.Butonlyoneexpert,Dr.AmyMaitra____31____tohertimelyandenthusiastically.Dr.AmypromisedtocooperatewithJonesandgavehersomeassistanceaswellas____32____toalab.AnothergreatrewardforJone’s____33____waswinningthebigprizeattheWorldScienceandTechnologyConference.Thisgrandawardispresentedtoyoungcreatorsthathavegota____34____idea.It’sboundtotakemanyyearstodevelopanewtestway,____35____Joneshopesthewaywill____36____enhancepeople’livesandmaybesavethem,sosheinsistedontrialanderror.Luckily,Jonesisnotaloneasayoungcreator.____37____,therewerenearly1500othercompetitorsfortheInternationalaward,allofwhomhadground-breaking____38____.ForJones,growingupinafamilythatisattractedtoscienceand____39____innovativethinkingofferedhimmanyadvantages.ButthekeyforJonesisthatreading,experiment,surveyand____40____arejustforfun,andthepossibilitytoenhancetheworldaroundherduringtheprocessmakesitmuchbetter.21.A.affected B.challenged C.disappointed D.inspired22.A.accidental