河北省唐山市第四中學(xué)高一英語測試題含解析

河北省唐山市第四中學(xué)高一英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.Myfriendsfromthemainland

tomethattheyfindthecity'ssubwaycarsare"tooold"comparedwithwhattheypayforsubwaysinBeijing.A.complained

B.iscomplainingC.wascomplaining

D.havebeencomplaining參考答案：D【詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：我來自大陸的朋友一直在向我抱怨，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)城市里的地鐵和他們在北京支付的地鐵相比太老了。句中應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進行時與賓語從句中are保持一致，使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性和反復(fù)性。故D項正確?！军c睛】本題考查了現(xiàn)在完成進行時的用法，具體用法歸納如下：（一）表示從過去某時開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）（二）表示在說話時刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個鐘頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續(xù)等)（三）有些現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子。Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.他們在這個城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）（四）大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子。Ihavebeenwritingabook.（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）我一直在寫一本書。Ihavewrittenabook.（動作已經(jīng)完成）我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.他們一直在造一座橋。（動作還將繼續(xù)下去）Theyhavebuiltabridge.他們造了一座橋。（動作已經(jīng)完成）（五）表示狀態(tài)的動詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時。Ihaveknownhimforyears.我認識他已經(jīng)好幾年了。*Ihavebeenknowing這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭，think想等等。（六）一些現(xiàn)在完成時的句子也與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的句子含義相同延續(xù)性動詞在現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時時態(tài)中使用，句意相同。例如：Shehassleptfor6hoursandstillcannotwakeup.Shehasbeensleepingfor6hoursandstillcannotwakeup.她已經(jīng)睡了6個小時，到現(xiàn)在還沒有醒來。(七）表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進行的動作強調(diào)動作的未完成性Ithasbeenrainingfor3days。已經(jīng)下了3天的雨了（現(xiàn)在還沒停止）2.Haveashowerbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjust________sweetdreams.A.keepupwith B.putupwith C.endupwith D.catchupwith參考答案：C3.—Mike,whatdidourmonitorsayjustnow?—Everystudentaswellasteacherswhoaretovisitthemuseum_____askedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.

A.am

B.are

C.were

D.is參考答案：D4.Let’sbringJane

fortheimportantdeal—she’stheexpert.A.onboard B.onwatch C.onbusiness D.onholiday參考答案：A5.Ifyouknowanything______aboutit,youshouldtellus.A.afterall

B.allinall

C.atall

D.firstofall參考答案：C6.Heis______.Whathesaysneverfailstopleaseus.A.humorous

B.confident

C.religious

D.sensitive參考答案：A7.—Wouldyouliketowatchthebasketballmatchwithmethisevening?—______.Ilikebasketballverymuch.A.I’dloveto

B.Notreally

C.Iwouldn’tgo

D.Thankyouallthesame.參考答案：A8.Weallknowthatgoodfriends_____happinesstolife.A.addup

B.addon

C.addin

D.add參考答案：D9.Theysold_____boxesofsuchsweetslastweek.

A.fourdozen

B.fourdozens

C.fourdozensof

D.fourdozenof參考答案：A10.Mylearningmethodisquitedifferentfrom________ofmybrother.A.it

B.theones

C.that

D.one參考答案：C11.Look!Thattallbuildingwhich_____willbethelargestshoppingcenterinthiscity.A.tobuild

B.beingbuilt

C.isbeingbuilt

D.isbuilt參考答案：C略12.Computerscannotworkwithout______fromhumanbeings.A.expressions

B.instructionsC.prescriptions

D.introductions參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：沒有人類的指令，計算機無法工作。A.expressions表達；B.instructions命令，指示；C.Prescriptions處方；D.introductions介紹。instructions“命令，指示”符合句意。故B選項正確。13.Nowadays,______kitchenswithadvancedequipmentcanhelp______blindtocookbythemselveseasier.A./;a

B.the;/

C./;/

D./;the參考答案：D14.—Couldweseeeachotherat9o’clocktomorrowmorning?—Sorry,let’smakeit______time.A.other’s

B.theother

C.another

D.other參考答案：C略15.Thenoticesays,“It’scheaperby20%ifyoubookthetickets________.”A.inall B.inadditionto C.inaddition D.inadvance參考答案：D【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：通知上寫著“如果你提前訂票，會便宜百分之二十?！盇.inall共計；B.inadditionto除…之外（介詞短語，后面要接賓語）；C.inaddition

另外；D.inadvance提前；根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。16.______thelittlekidwantedtodosomethinghimselfmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.That B./ C.What D.Where參考答案：A【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：這個小孩子想親自做些事情讓他的父母開心。分析句子可知，從句thelittlekidwantedtodosomethinghimself是句子的主語部分，且不缺少成分，只起連接作用，所以用that引導(dǎo)主語從句，不可省略。故選A?！军c睛】本題考查名詞性從句，首先判斷屬于哪種名詞性從句，再判斷從句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主賓表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑問詞根據(jù)句意判斷。本題分析句子可知，從句thelittlekidwantedtodosomethinghimself是句子的主語部分，且不缺少成分，只其連接作用，所以用that引導(dǎo)主語從句。17.“Ifthey________wanttoseekpeace,theyshouldn’tsendadoublemessage.”saidthe

IsraeliAmbassador.A.approximatelyB.brieflyC.slightlyD.genuinely參考答案：D18.Theyoungmanisalwaysenergetic,andloveslife,whohasa_____personalityA.lovely

B.lively

C.alive

D.living參考答案：B二、填空19.ImagineOandAartiaretakingareallyhardmathtestinDecember.Afterthetest,whatdotheythink?Ohasafixedmindset,thebeliefthatyourintelligenceis“fixed”.You’reeithersmartordumb.Andifyou’resmart,everythingiseasyforyou.Aartihasagrowthmindset,thebeliefthatyourintelligencecangrow.Noteveryonecanbecomeagenius(天才)orastarathlete,buttheycanimprovetheskillstheyhaveanddevelopnewones.Sowhichisright?It’sAarti.believeitornot,researchshowsthatyoureallycangetsmarterbyworkinghard,practicingandchallengingyourself.Yourbrainismadeupof86billioncellscalledneurons.They’rewiredtogetherbyaxonsinanetworkthattransmits(傳輸)electricalandchemicalsignals.Asingleneuroninyourbraincanbeconnectedto10,000otherneurons!Whenyouthink,feel,move,oruseyoursense,signalstravelthroughthisnetwork.Brainresearchershavefoundthatwhenwelearn,newconnectionsformbetweenneurons,oldconnectionsgrowstronger,andunusedconnectionsaredestroyed.Learningislikeexerciseforyourbrain.Ifyouworkitoutmore,yournetworkofwillimprove.Yourmindsetcanaffectyourperformanceatschool,insportsandthearts,andevenhowyouactandfeel.Dr.CarolDweck,apsychologyprofessoratStanfordUniversity,hasdiscoveredthatpeoplewithafixedmindsetdealwithproblemsinamuchdifferentwayfromthosewithagrowthmindset.Peoplewithafixedmindsetarcveryconcernedwithgradesandhowsmarttheylookcomparedtootherpeople.Theytendtogiveupondifficultproblems.Whentheymakemistakes,theythinkitmeansthey’renotsmart.They’reafraidofchallenges,becauseiftheydon’tdowell,theymightlookdumb.Peoplewithagrowthmindsetareconcernedwithlearning,notgrades.Theyjumprightinandworkhardondifficultproblems.Theylearnfrommistakesbytryingdifferentproblem-solvingstrategiesoraskingforhelp.Theylikechallenges,becausetheywanttostretchandimprovetheirabilities.Dweckandherteamdiscoveredthatmiddleschoolstudentswithagrowthmindsetdobetterinmath;thosewithafixedmindsetdoworse.Why?Kidswithbothmindsetsdofineinelementaryschool,butmiddleschoolmathismuchharder.Sowhilethegrowth-mindsetkidscarryonandworkharder,thefixed-mindsetkidsmayjustgiveup.Andtheirgradessuffer.AndDweck’steamdiscoveredsomethingevenmoreimportantthanthat.Theteamtaughtthosemiddleschoolersaboutmindsetandhowthebrainworks.Theytalkedaboutthedangersoflabeling(貼標簽)people“dumb”or“smart”.Andtheydiscoveredthat-withsomework-kidscanchoosetohaveagrowthmindsetanddobetterinschool.Everyonehassomeofeachtypeofmindset:they’relikevoicesinyourhead.Thetrickistorecognizeyourfixedmindsetvoiceandyourgrowthmindsetvoice.Whenyouhearyourfixedmindsetvoicetellingyouyou’redumb,orthatyou’lllookstupidifyouaskforhelp,orthatlearninganewskillishard,talkbacktoit!You’renotdumb?youjusthaven’tlearnedhowtodoityet.Askingforhelpisn’tstupid-it’ssmart.Andlearninganewskillishard-butwon’titbeworthit?MindsetReally66.

▲

AnintroductiontomindsetThemajordifferenceofthetwomindsetsliesinwhetheritispossibleforintelligenceto67.

▲

HowthebrainworksNeuronsare68.

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byaxonstoformanetworkwhereelectricalandchemicalsignalsaretransmitted.Learningresultsina69.

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networkofneurons.Howproblemsare70.▲withdifferentmindsetsPeoplewithafixedmindsetaremore71.

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togiveupondifficultproblems.Ontheother72.

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,thegrowth-mindsetpeopletakeimmediate73.

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toworkondifficultproblems.AmoreimportantfindingYourmindsetcanbechangedthroughlearning.Whenyou’re74.

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betweenyourfixedmindsetvoiceandgrowthmindsetvoice,listentothelatteronly.Itwillbeworthitto75.

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thechallengesandlearnanewskill參考答案：66.Counts/Matters67.grow/change/improve/develop68.connected/linked/joined69.stronger/better70.handled/tackled/addressed/solved71.likely72.hand73.action(s)/steps/measures74.struggling/caught

75.face/meet

20.Alan:Oh,Jessie.HowdidyoufindyourtriptoChina?Jessie:Impressiveindeed.61._____(travel)bycar,myhusbandandIvisitedanumberofcities,62.______thescenerywaswonderfulandthefoodwasgreat.Wequiteenjoyedourselvesthere.Actually,we’reconsideringpaying63.______secondvisittoChina.Alan:Whatarethehotelslikethere?Jessie:Excellent,andnotasexpensiveaswe64.________(expect).Alan:DidyouhaveanylanguageprobleminChina?Jessie:Sometimes.Onlythendidwerealise65._______importantitistomasteraforeignlanguage.Anyway,thoughwedon’tknowasinglewordofChinese,wewerealwaysabletomakeourselves66.________(understand)throughbodylanguage.Alan:Well,bodylanguageplaysanimportantrole67._______communication,particularlywhenwetrytocommunicateacrosscultures.Butitvariesfromculturetoculture.Jessie:Your’reright.Eventhesamegesturemayexpressdifferentmeaningstopeoplefromdifferentcultures.Soitmightcause68._________(misundertand)andsometimesevenconflicts(沖突).Alan:Youmusthavepickedupsome69.________(speak)Chinese,right?Jessie:Ofcourse,suchas“nihao”,“zaijian”and“huanyingguanglin”.Alan:A70.______(true)nicetrip.I’dliketotakethesametriponeday.參考答案：61．Travelling62．where63．a(chǎn)64．hadexpected65．how66．understood67．in68．misunderstandings69．spoken70．truly61．Travelling使用非謂語動詞作狀語，這句話的主語myhusbandandI和travel是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填Travelling。

62．where使用非限制性定語從句，先行詞是anumberofcities，指地點，而且定語從句中不缺主賓表，缺少地點狀語。故填where。

63．a(chǎn)句意：我們在考慮再次參觀中國。表示“再一次，又一次”用不定冠詞+序數(shù)詞，second是輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。

64．hadexpected句意：沒有我們過去估計的貴。這段對話講述Jessie和丈夫中國之旅，而expect這個動作發(fā)生在中國之旅之前，即過去的過去，用過去完成時。故填hadexpected。

65．how句意：只有那時我們才意識到掌握一門外語是多么重要。修飾形容詞important用how。故填how。

66．understood句意：我們總是能通過肢體語言表達自己。Ourselves和understand是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故填understood。

67．in使用固定搭配：playanimportantrolein意為“在……方面起著重要的作用”。故填in。

68．misunderstandings句意：這會導(dǎo)致誤解有時甚至沖突。cause后面接名詞，和后面的conflicts并列用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填misunderstandings。

69．spoken使用非謂語動詞作定語，speak和Chinese是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語，spokenChinese意為“漢語口語”。故填spoken。

70．truly修飾形容詞nice用副詞。故填truly?！緜渥ⅰ窟@是一段對話，介紹Jessie和丈夫的中國之旅。三、閱讀理解21.HeavyrainhastriggeredfloodsandmudslidesinsouthernChina,leavingatleast200peopledeadormissing,aresidentandstatemediasaid.TorrentialrainhitamountainousregionofHunanprovinceintheearlyhoursonWednesdayand22peoplediedinfloods.Twoofficialswerekilledduringrescuework.Thirty-fivepeople,includingfivestudents,weremissing.However,alocalresidentwithknowledgeofthecasualties(傷亡)anddamagesaidatleast200peoplediedorweremissingaftertorrentialrainshitXinshaoandLianyuancounties,ShaoyangcityandthreeothercitiesinHunanprovincesinceJune1,2005."Villagers,cadresandrescuerswerewashedawaybyfloods,"theresident,whoaskednottobeidentified,toldReuters."Morethan10,000peoplewerelefthomelessaftertheirhomeswereeitherwashedaway,floodedortoppled,"hesaid.MountaintorrentsinXinshaoweretheworstinthecounty’shistory.Atleast47villagesweredevastatedbythetorrentsand54,600villagersaffected.About3560homesweredestroyed,andelectricityandtelecommunicationsserviceswerecutoffinsomevillages.Crops,bridgesandroadsweredestroyed.Alocalofficialreachedbytelephoneestimateddamagetopropertyatover2billionyuan($344.92million).People’sLiberationArmysoldierswerecalledontohelpwithrescuework,residentssaid.63.Theunderlinephraseinthesecondparagraphmightbereplacedby_______.A.rainstorm

B.shower

C.littlerain

D.drizzle64.Wecaninferthatthetorrentialraincausedgreatdamageandcasualtiesofthepeoplein_______inHunan.A.

twocountiesandthreecitiesB.

threecountiesandtwocitiesC.

twocountiesandfourcitiesD.

twocountiesandfivecities65.Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe__________.A.

People’sLiberationArmyJoinintheRescueB.

MountainTorrentsinXinshaoC.

ChinaFloodsLeave200DeadorMissingD.

TwoOfficialsDiedintheRescue參考答案：ACC22.AcompanyinSanFrancisco,California,hasfoundawaytoturnusedplasticbottlesintowomen’sshoes.Everyday,millionsofAmericansdrinkwaterandotherliquidsfromplasticbottles.Morethan60millionofthemarethrownawayeachday.Manyoftheplasticbottlesendupinlandfillsorareburnedwithotherwasteproducts.ASanFranciscostart-upcompanycalledRothy’s,however,turnsthisplasticwasteintoenvironmentallyfriendlyshoes.RothyMartinisthecompany’sco-founder.Heexplainshowtheyturnplasticintosoftmaterialforyourfeet.Theytaketheplastic,cleanit,andbreakitdownintosmallpieces.Thentheypressitthroughadevicethatmakessoftfibers.Thosefibersarethencombined,orknittogether.Thisisdonebyathree-dimensionalknittingmachine.Itisdesignedtoreducewastewhilemakingtheshoes.Theknittedfabricandtheinnerpartoftheshoesarethenattachedtotheshoes’outerpart,calledthesole.Thisoutersoleisalsomadefromenvironmentallyfriendlymaterial:responsiblysourcedno-carbonrubber.Rothy’sshoesaresoldonline.Theyareflatshoes,witheitheraroundedorpointedtoe.Theycomeindifferentcolor1sanddesigns.Theycosteither$125or$145perpair,dependingonthedesign.AfterAmericanactressGwynethPaltrowdiscoveredthemlastyear,thedemandfortheshoesgrew.Martinsaysthereisnoshortageofmaterialtofillthatdemand.“We’renotgoingtorunoutofwaterbottlesanytimesoon.Sowehaveaninfinitesupplyofmaterial,andIthinkthatbodeswellforourfuture.”Whentheenvironmentallyfriendlyshoeswearout,customerscanreturnthematnocosttoacompanythatusestherecycledmaterialstomakeotherproducts.Fornow,theshoesareonlyavailabletobeshippedintheUnitedStates.However,thecompanysaysitwilladdinternationalshippinginthenearfuture.8.Whichoneistherightprocedureofmakingshoes?①pressingsmallpieces

②breakingdowncleanplasticbottles③knittingtogether

④clea