2018年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試《英語詞匯學(xué)》試題

2018年10月高等教育自學(xué)考試《英語詞匯學(xué)》試題課程代碼：00832I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthestatementandblackenthecorrespondingletterA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.Onepointisgiventoeachcorrectchoice.(1%X30=30%)1.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbedefinedasaword?A.manB.forC.mentD.blackmail2.ThedifferencesbetweensoundandformareNOTduetoA.innovationsmadebylinguistsB.stabilizationofspellingbyprintingC.influenceoftheworkofscribesD.thefactofmorephonemesthanlettersinEnglish3.WordsmayfallintonativewordsandborrowedwordsbyA.notionB.originC.functionD.usefrequency4.meansanoldformwhichtakesonanewmeaningtomeetthenewneed.A.BorrowingB.Creation5.Thelanguageusedbetween1150and1500iscalledA.OldB.MiddleC.ContemporaryD.ModernC.SemanticchangeD.LoaningEnglish.6.InMiddleEnglishvocabulary,wecanfindwordsrelatingtoeveryaspectofhumansociety,ernment,law,food,fashionandsoon.WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOTbelongtothem?A.wechatB.baconC.judgeD.power7.Structurally,manywordscanbeseparatedintoevensmallermeaningfulunits.Forexample,denaturalizationcanbebrokendownintoA.de-,natura-,lize-,ationB.dena-,ture,al-,lize,ationC.de-,nature,al,ize,ationD.de-,natu,real,ize,ation8.Themorphemeofplurality/-s/ispronouncedas/s/incats,/z/inbags,and/iz/inmatches.ThisexampleshowsA.morphemesareabstractunitsB.allomorphsarephoneticallyconditionedandthuspredictableC.morphsareactualspoken,minimalcarriersofmeaningD.monomorphemicwordscoincidewithwordsandfunctionfreelyinasentence9.Whichofthefollowingwordsistheexampleoffreemorphemes?A.men10.ThefollowingwordshaveprefixesoftimeororderEXCEPTA.bilingualB.ex-studentC.foretellD.post-election11..4greenhandisan"inexperiencedperson",notahandthatisgreenincolor.ThisexampleshowsthatcompoundsaredifferentfromfreephrasesinA.phoneticB.semanticC.grammaticalD.lexical12.Omnibushasgivenwaytoitsshortenedformbus.ThisistheexampleofB.teethC.workerD.angerfeature.inwordformation.A.acronymyB.clippingC.compoundingD.conversion13.,whichisbeyondlanguage,istheresultofhumancognition,reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.A.Reference14.ThefollowingwordsareonomatopoeticallymotivatedEXCEPTA.blowB.quackC.miaowD.hissB.MotivationC.SenseD.Concept15.Themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.Inthissense,wordshavemotivation.A.onomatopoeicD.etymologicalB.morphologicalC.semantic16.Fromasynchronicpointofview,thebasicmeaningofawordistheA.primarymeaningC.centralmeaningB.derivedmeaningD.secondarymeaning17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthederivedmeaningofthewordface?A.Thefrontofthehead.C.Asurfaceofathing.B.Outwardaspect.D.Theexpressionofthecountenance.18.Whichofthefollowingpairsareabsolutesynonyms?A.large/tremendousC.alter/varyB.stagger/reelD.scarlet-fever/scarlatina19.Theprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadaspecializedmeaninghasnowbecomegeneralizedisofword-meaning.A.transferB.elevationC.narrowingD.extension20.reasonisreflectedinthemeaningchangeofthewordcomputer,from"apersonwhocomputes"to"electronicmachine".A.ClassB.HistoricalC.ScientificD.Psychological21.Whichofthefollowingistheinternalfactorwithinthelanguagesystemthatcauseschangesinword-meaning?A.AnalogyB.ContrastC.HistoricalreasonD.Psychologicalneed22.Asmostwordshavemorethanonemeaning,itisoftenimpossibletotellthemeaningofawordbeforeitisusedinA.contextB.textsC.conversationD.writing23.Thattheworddomeansdifferentlyin"doacity","doasum"and"dotheflowers"showsthataffectsthemeaningofwords.contextA.extra-linguisticB.grammaticalC.lexicalD.semantic24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheroleofcontext?A.Eliminationofambiguity.B.Indicationofreferents.C.Provisionofcluesforinferringword-meaning.D.Simplificationofmeaning.25.Whichofthefollowingisatrueidiom?A.makefriendswithC.intherawB.breaksilenceD.turnoveranewleaf26.Amongthefollowingidioms,""isanidiomadverbialinnature.B.upintheairD.toothandnailA.fleshandbloodC.aspoorasachurchmouse27.AllofthefollowingarestylisticfeaturesEXCEPTA.colloquialismsB.slangC.literaryexpressionsD.rhymes28.Intheheadwordorentriesaredefinedandillustratedinthesamelanguage.A.monolingualdictionariesC.linguisticdictionariesB.bilingualdictionariesD.encyclopediadictionaries29.UsagenotesandlanguagenotesinadictionaryexplainthefollowingEXCEPTA.importantBritishandAmericandifferencesB.difficultpointsofgrammarandstyleC.informationconcerningtheoriginsofwordsD.theslightdifferencesbetweenwordsofsimilarmeanings30.ThefollowingaresomeuniquefeaturesofCollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionaryEXCEPTA.definitionB.extracolumnC.usageexamplesD.cleargrammarII.Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook.(1.5%×10=15%)31.Itisgenerallyagreedthatthewrittenformofanaturallanguageisthewrittenrecordoftheform.32.AftertheRomans,theGermanictribescalledAngles,Saxons,andJutescameanddominatedtheBritishIsles.NowpeoplegenerallyrefertoAnglo-SaxonasEnglish.33.Morphemeswhichareindependentofothermorphemesaremorphemes.34.Comicmeans"ofcomedy",whilecomicalmeans"funny".Thisexampleshowsthatboth-icand-icalcanbeaffixedtothesamestem,butdifferin35.Thesenseofanexpressionisitsplaceinasystemofrelationshipwithotherexpressionsinthelanguage.36.Wordslikebearwhichmeansboth"alargeheavyanimal"and"toputupwith"arecalled37.Theprocessbywhichthewordwifeusedtomean"woman"butnowmeans"amarriedwoman"isword-meaning.of38.Linguisticcontextincludeswhichitoccurs.context,wherethemeaningsofawordmaybeinfluencedbythestructurein39.Unlikefreephrases,thestructureofanidiomistoalargeextentstudy",whichcannotbechangedinto"inabrownhall".,asisshownintheidiom"inabrown40.Forbeginners,andelementaryandlower-intermediatelearners,aknowenoughofthetargetlanguagetounderstandfullyamonolingualdictionaryisessentialastheydonotdictionary.III.Definethefollowingtermswithoneortwosentences.(3%×5=15%)41.borrowedwords42.stem43.associativemeaning44.degradation45.dismembering(ofidioms)IV.Answerthefollowingquestions.Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort.(5%×4=20%)46.WhatarethethreemainsourcesofnewwordsinPresent-dayEnglish?47.Inwhatwayaretheunderlinedwordsformedinthefollowingsentences?1)Hewolfeddownhislunch.2)Thereisnomilkinthefridge.3)Theheadm