英語書信格式或便條格式

英語書信格式或便條格式(一)英文書信的組成部分英文書信一般由六部分組成。即:信頭(Heading)、信內(nèi)地址(InsideAddress),稱呼(Salutation),正文(BodyofLetter)結束語(ComplimentaryClose)>署名(Signature),有時在書信后面還有附言(Postscript)、附件(Enclosure),這得視具體情況而定。下面將分別說明。1.信頭(Heading)信頭是指寫信人的地址和寫信日期，一般寫在或打在第一面信紙的右上角，先寫地址再寫日期，地址的寫法是從小到大，先寫門牌號、路號，再寫區(qū)名、市名、省名，最后寫國名。時間的寫法對英國人和美國人而言是不同的。英國人習慣按日、月、年的順序寫，而美國人習慣按月、日、年的順序寫。例如：英式：1stOctober,1999美式:October1,1999在使用前一種形式時，月和年之間的逗號可用可不用，但是在后一種形式中，必需要使用逗號。信頭的寫法有縮進式和齊頭式?？s進式每行開頭向右縮進一兩個字母;齊頭式左邊對齊排列，如下所示：縮進式WangMingDept,ofChemicalEngineeringDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.China齊頭式WangMingDept,ofChemicalEngineeringAsconcernasthemissedlessonsduringmyabsence,IpromiseIwilldomybesttocatchthemonafterIcomebacktothecampus.Wishforyourallowance.YoursrespectfullyXXX*本文是一封請假條，一般我們要向上級或老師請假，通常用的是ackforleave這個短語，請三天假可寫作：askforthrccdays'leave;因病請假則是askforsickleave.leave在這里是名詞用法，文中用的短語是applyfor意為"申請”，含有更加鄭重的意味，常用于下級對上級或晚輩對長輩的書面語中，"Onlychild”意為“獨生子女”相應的，“獨生女"譯作"onlydaughter"而“獨生子”譯作“onlyson”.Asconcernas.后面跟名詞性結構,意為“涉及到，至于“與Concerning同意，兩者可以互換。2)約請(Invitation)例Directions:YouhaveatickettotheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisvisitingandyouwanttogiveittoyourfriendAlice.Writeanotetoherandsay:thetimeoftheshow,theplacewhereyouwillwaitforherYoushouldwriteabout100words.SundayDearAlice,Hereisapieceofgoodnewsforyou.TheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisnowonavisitinBeijing,willgiveaperformanceintheBeijingGrandTheatertomorrowevening.Iamsurethatyouwillbehappytowatchit.HereIleaveyouanadmissioncard.Theperformancewil1beginatseveno,clocksharp.Iwillwaitforyouatthetheaterentrance.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcomingornot.XXX*約朋友一起去看戲，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一張便條，但又怕朋友來不了，所以在便條最后特地寫上“如果你來不了，告訴我一聲"(Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcoming）此文的waitfor也可以用expect代替。3）道歉（Apology）人非圣賢，孰能無過。在社會交往中，人們常常會出現(xiàn)一些疏忽、過失等。如果發(fā)生此類事情，就會給對方帶來麻煩和不便。為了避免誤解，不影響感情，在這種情況下，應寫信給對方予以解釋，以請求諒解。此類信要寫得及時，態(tài)度要誠懇，用詞需謙遜。一般在信一開始就向對方表示歉意或內(nèi)疚，然后說明原因并提出補救的辦法。Directions:Youhavemissedadateofyourfriend,nowyouhavetowritealetterforappologizationinabout100words.May20thDearLily,IamsorryImissedseeingyouyesterday.Iknowthatyoumusthavebeendisappointed.Talsofeelworriedandanxiousinmyheart.ThefactisthatmymanageratthelastmomentaskedmetoprepareaurgentplanwhileIcouldnotgettoaphonetocallyouandyesterdayIhaveworkedlateuntilabout8:30p.m.Iamterriblysorry.However,Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekendtomakeupforyesterday.PleasegivemeachanceandIamwaitingforyourreply.XXX臨時有事未能赴約，一定要把事情解釋清楚并真誠的道歉，最好能有彌補（t。make*up）,就像這封信里所說的那樣，邀請對方周末再碰頭（Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekend）注意英文句子youmusthavebeendisappointed中情態(tài)動詞的用法：情態(tài)動詞+完成時態(tài)，表示過去行為。這句話應該理解為“你當時一定感到很失望”。Directions:Youhavereceivedainvitationfromyourfriend,butyouhavealreadyhadsomeguestsinyourhouse.Pleaseexpressthereasonyoucan,tgoclearlyinabout100words.AprilDearLucy,TdoappologizeforhavingtosendthisletteraboutSaturdaynight.WhenIacceptedyourinvitation,IsimplyforgotthatSaturdaywasaholidayandthatmyownguestswerenotleavinguntilSundaymorning.Itisdifficultformetomakeachoice.ThoughIalsowondertomeetyouverymuch.Icouldnotverywellgooutbymyselfandleavetheguestsatmyhome.IhopeyouknowhowsorryIamnottobewithyouthisSaturday.ShouldImakeavisittoyouinmyothersparetime?Thankyouverymuch.XXX*自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受別人邀請去做客所以可以明正言順的表示拒絕或可另約時間。英文要強調(diào)謂語動詞，可以加上助動詞，例如：Idoapologizeforbeinglate.Uedidcomeyesterday.例3Directions:Youarealreadyhaveadatewithyourfriendbutsuddenlyhaveanotherthingtodoandyouhavetotellyourfriendthatyoucan,tgo.Expressyourreasonclearlyinabout100words.Monday9:00a.mDearJane,lamsorrytotellyouthatIwon,tbeabletocomethisafternoonbecauseIhavetogototheairportat2:00p.m.tomeetanoverseasvisitorfromAustralia.Ireallyhavekeptourdatdinmymindallthesedays,however,Ireceivedmyboss,e-mailthismorning,heaskedmetogototheairporttomeetoneofhisfriendsfromabroad,it'ssuddenlyandurgentandImustgo.Pleaseforgiveme.Wouldyoupleaseringmeuptomakeanothertime?Manythanks.XXX*因有事而不能赴約，只能另約時間(tomake或tofixanothertime)0寫信人Bluce很可能是英國人,因為他把"打電話"說成toringsomebodyup,美國人通常說tocallsomebody。英國人打電話還可以說togivesomebodyaring,不要錯以為別人要送你個戒指。與別人已經(jīng)定好的約會卻臨時不能赴約時，應說明原因并誠懇地道歉，以期獲得別人的諒解。4)借物(Borrowing)例Directions:Youaregoingtowriteanoteforborrowingsth.pleasedescribetheseinformationclearly.thethingyouaskdetailedwhatyouaregoingtodowithit.howlongwillyoutakeit.TuesdayDearXiaoWang:IwonderifIcouldborrowyourelectronicdictionaryforafewdays.NowIamtranslatingsomeimportantarticles.TherearemanynewwordswhichIhavetolookupthedictionaryusually.Ijusthaveapaperdictionarybutofcourseit'snotasconvenientastheelectronicone,whichhasabadeffectuponmyvelocityofmytranslating.SoIthinkyourelectonicdictionaryismoresuitableformetocompletemywork.IpromisethatImustbeverycarefulofyourdictionaryandmakenodamagedoneonit.Thankyouverymuch!YourseverXXX*字典是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪谐Ｓ玫膶W習工具，但是千萬不能直接從字面上認為“查字典"就是字heckth是ictionary"，而應該用“l(fā)ookup”這個固定短語來表達。“影響”有一個很地道的短語。"haveeffectupon/on"，后面接受影響的人或物，如果是積極影響就在have和effect之間加agood，反之，就加“abad”其他的形容詞例如great,remarkable也可以用來修飾effect,此詞在這里是名詞。5)回復友人問侯(ReplyforRegards)例Directions:Youhavejusthadaoperation,andreceivedanoteofregardsfromyourfriendJenny.Nowpleasewriteareplytohertotellheryourcurrentsituation.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Jan.8th.DearJenny,ThanksforyourletterofsympthyIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday.Theoperationonmylegwasawonderfulsuccess.YouknowThadbeensufferingalotfrommylegsincemychildhood.Theoperationremovedthecauseoftrouble.Itisquiteworthhavingtheoperation.Iamdailyrecoveringfrommyillness.I'mconfidcntIwillsoonbeintheofficeagainafterpropertreatment.Thankyouforkindwishes.MybestwishestoallyourfamilyXXX*這是對好友問侯便條的回復。形式簡單，內(nèi)容明了。過去完成進行時“Ihadbeensufferingimychildhood”表示動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。例2Directions:Yourfatherisseriouslyill,andyouwanttogobackhome.Writeanotetothesecretaryanditshouldinclude.thecauseforleaving;thedays:from16thto21st;Catchonthelessonafterreturningschool.July5thDearMissHuang,Mysistercalledmelastnight,andshesaidthatmyfatherisdangerouslyill.Ibegtoapplyforsevendays*leaveofabsencefrom16thto21stinstant,inorderthatTcanseemybelovedfather.Ishouldbemuchobligedifyouwouldgrantmemyapplication.Asregardsthelessonstobemissedduringmyabsence,Iwi11domybesttomakeupforthemassoonasIgetbackfromhome.Sincerelyyours,DalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.China2.信內(nèi)地址(InsideAddress)信內(nèi)地址要寫出收信人的姓名和地址。一般給比較生疏的親友的信和公事信件要寫出信內(nèi)地址，而熟悉朋友可以省去這一步驟。信內(nèi)地址寫出在日期下一兩行的左上角，第一行寫收信人的稱呼姓名，然后寫出地址。地質(zhì)也是從小到大寫出，分縮進式和齊頭式兩種。例如：縮進式ThePresidentOxfordUniversityEngland齊頭式JiangBin64HepingRoadP.R.China.稱呼(Salutation)稱呼是對收信人的稱謂。在信內(nèi)地址下一兩行處頂格寫起，自成一行。末尾用逗號或冒號。(1)當給一位熟悉的人寫信時可以用Dear或是MyDear。在英國，MyDear比Dear親切，而在美國，Dear比MyDear親切。(2)當給一位你不知婚否的女性寫信時，可以用Ms.……，這是指〃……女士〃。(3)在給不熟悉的人寫信時，可以用Dearsir,DearMadam,Dearsirs,Gentleman箋箋守守o正文(BodyofLetter)正文是一封信的主體部分。通常在稱呼的下一行寫出。正文也可采用齊頭式或縮進式的方法。齊頭式是反映每段開頭一行和后面行并齊?？s進式是指每段的第一行向右縮進兒個字母。信箋講究簡潔、效率。開頭幾句簡單地寒暄后就不如正題，在結尾處要有祝愿和敬語。常用的開頭語有：IhavereceivedyourletterofJuly1st.7月1日來信已經(jīng)收悉。Ihavethepleasuretotellyouthat.很高興告訴你。Iamverymuchdelightedtoreceiveyourletter.非常高興收到你的來信。Itismyhonortoinformyouthat很榮幸告訴你。常用的結束套話有：Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou盼早日回信。Wishbestregards.祝好。Thankyouforyourhelp感謝你的幫助?Wishmybestwishesforyoursuccess.祝你成功。Wishingyouahappyholiday.祝假日愉快~Hopingtohearfromyousoon.希望能盡快收到你的回信。，結束語(ComplimentaryClose)結束語在正文之后隔一兩行的偏右方開始寫出。開頭字母用大寫，以后的字母用小寫，最后一個詞后面用逗句。常用的結束語有：一般非正式的關系：Yourssincerely,Yourstruly,Yoursfaithfully,Mostsincerely,Faithfullyyours,親密的關系：Love,Yourslove,YoursAffectionately,Withlove,Lovinglyyours,Yoursever,上級和長者：Yoursrespectfully,Faithfullyyours,,署名（Signature）在結束語的下方是簽名，先手寫出，再打出來。如果收信人不認識寫出信人，可以在署名前用括號標出Mr.、Miss或Ms。在名稱下面可注上頭銜。如：Yourssincerely,LucyBlake（手寫）LucyBlake（Miss）（打?。㏒alesManager，附言（Postscript）,附件（Enclosure）在信件正文寫作時可能漏掉了某些事，或臨時發(fā)生了某事需要補充時，可以在信下面左下方寫出上P.S.如果隨信有附件可在愛左下端注明。如：Enclosure:1.Invoice（發(fā)票）2.Resume（個人簡歷）（二）英文書信實例上面介紹了英文寫信的主要組成部分以及各部分的寫作特點，接卜來我們將提供五種英文書信的范例。當朋友有了喜事，如結婚、高升、獲獎的時候，你可以向他寫出一封祝賀信，表達你的囑咐與恭賀。例文，MechanicalEngineeringDepartmentDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023Liaoning,ChinaNovember28,1999Mr.WangXimingMechanicalEngineeringDepartmentMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyCambridge,Mass.02139U.S.A.DearMr.Wang,ThankyouforyourletterofNovember3,1999.Iamsorrynottohavewrittenbackearlierbuttimeseemstopasssoquickly.Ilearntfromyourletterthatyouhadreceivedyoumaster'sdegree.Iwouldliketocongratulateyouonyoursplendidsuccess.InthisletterIambringingyouapieceofgoodnews:yourwifegaveabirthofaboylastweekandsheinsingoodhealthnow.Thebabyweighedeightjinatbirth.Yesterdaymywifeandsomeotherneighborswenttothehospitaltoseeyourwifeandtocongratulateheronthebirth.Shetoldthemthatshehadbeennursedwiththebestcaresinceshewasinhospital.NowI'mtakingtheVisitingSchoolTestinBeijing.IfIpasstheexamination,I'11leaveforAmericasoon.Ifnot,I'11waitforanotherchance.I'veneverbeentotheU.S.A.,andIknowlittleabouttheinstitutionsandcustomsthere.Ihopethatyouwillwritetomeandtellmemoreaboutthem.Withbestregardstoyouandyourclassmates.Yourssincerely,ZhangJiao2感謝信當別人幫了你一個忙時，你應該給他寫封信，以示感激。例文，DearJohn:Thankyouverymuchforthenicebirthdaypresentyouhavesentme!Ihavebeenlongingforadictionaryforalongtime.Itwillsurlybeveryhelpfultomystudy.It'sveryniceofyoutoremembermybirthday.I,11makegooduseofthedictionaryandI'11thinkofyouwithgratitudeandaffectioneverytimeIuseit.Love,Sally3邀請信當邀請某位朋友參加活動，如交游、宴會時，可以寫一封邀請信。信的語氣應該謙遜，熱情。例文，DearMr.Clark:WearewonderingifyouandMrs.ClarkwanttohavesupperwithusonFriday,January21statseveno'clock?JamesandIare1ookingforwardwithgreatpleasuretoseeingyouandMrs.Clark.Wedohopeyoucancome.Sincerelyyours,LucyWheeler4申請信當申請一項工作，或是申請一個學校留學時，都應該使用申請信。申請信應該簡潔、明確、如實地反映你的才能、成績、愿望和目標。例文，下面是一封申請留學的書信：TheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringDalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116023LiaoningProvinceP.R.ChinaNovember20,1999Prof.SteeveHunterTheDept.OfCivilEngineering****UniversityNewYour,NY10017U.S.ADearProfessorSteeveHunter,Ihaveformanyyearscherishedthehopeofstudyingcivilengineeringunderyourpersonalguidanceasagraduatestudentinyouruniversity,towhichyournamehasaddedsomuchluster.IwasenrolledtostudycivilengineeringintheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringOfZhejiangUniversityinSeptember1992.IgraduatedfromZhejiangUniversityinJuly1996.Andeversincemygraduation,IhavebeenteachingintheDepartmentofCivilEngineeringofDalianUniversityofTechnology.Ifyoucouldtellthenecessanyprocedureoftakingthegraduatecourseofyourdepartment,Iwillbeverygratefultoyou.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Sincerelyyours,ZhaoHui（手寫）ZhaoHui（打?。┭a充回答：經(jīng)典范文:DearMyFriend,Howareyou?DoyouwanttoknowaboutmyEnglishstudy?0K,Iwilltellyou.IstudyEnglishatSundayafternoonattwoo'clock.IstudyJianQiaoEnglish.And,lastSaterdayItookpartinthePublicEnglishTest.IthinkIcanpass.And,nextMonday,myschoolwi