英語動(dòng)詞分類講解及練習(xí)(有答案)

個(gè)人采集整理僅供參照學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞概括表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。可以分為以下四類：種類例句使用特色實(shí)義/行為動(dòng)及物動(dòng)詞Love,make后跟賓語詞不及物動(dòng)詞Go,rise后不跟賓語連系動(dòng)詞Be,look后跟表語助動(dòng)詞Be,have,do,shall,will,did自己沒有詞義，后跟動(dòng)詞原形或分詞，組成疑問句或否認(rèn)句等神態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can,may,mist自己有詞義，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，組成謂語一、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞■①及物動(dòng)詞與不及物動(dòng)詞依據(jù)后邊能否帶賓語，行為動(dòng)詞又可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞。Vt.vi.Theystudyhard.Iknowthemwell.注：有的動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：Shesingsverywell.ShesanganEnglishsongjustnow.英語里有好多實(shí)義動(dòng)詞可以兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，____不變。試比較：ShallIbeginatonce?Shebeganworkingasalibrarianaftersheleftschool.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途W(wǎng)hendidtheyleaveChicago?Theyleftlastweek.短語：■②動(dòng)向動(dòng)詞和靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)向動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作，如give,take,work,run等；靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示感覺、感情、心里世界、互相關(guān)系等，如know,exist,be,have,appear,prove,concern,hate,dislike,like,love,surprise,include,dependon,belongto,guess,suppose，imagine,believe,doubt,admire,envy等。資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途■③持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞依據(jù)動(dòng)作能否持續(xù)，行為動(dòng)詞又分為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如rain,live,work,learn等是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，go,come,leave,start,arrive,join,finish,end等是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途注：非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在一定句中平時(shí)不與表示時(shí)間段連用的for短語連用。如：[譯]他走開這里三天了。[誤]Hehaslefthereforthreedays.[正]Hehasbeenawayfromhereforthreedays.[正]Heleftherethreedaysago.[正]It’sthreedayssinceheleft.■④限制動(dòng)詞與非限制動(dòng)詞限制動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。非限制動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞三種，也叫非謂語動(dòng)詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途1/4個(gè)人采集整理僅供參照學(xué)習(xí)Theroomneedscleaning.二、連系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞亦稱連系動(dòng)詞，作為系動(dòng)詞，它自己有詞義，但不可以獨(dú)自用作謂語，后邊一定跟表語（亦稱補(bǔ)語），組成系表構(gòu)造說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特色等狀況。系動(dòng)詞后不行接副詞，接的是形容詞。資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Be：Heisateacher.（is與補(bǔ)足語一同說明主語的身份。）Iamfine.2、keep,rest,remain,stay,比方：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他開會(huì)時(shí)總保持默然。Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一個(gè)謎。3、表示"看起來像"這一觀點(diǎn)，主要有seem,appear,look,比方：Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.4、feel,smell,sound,taste,比方：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途5、become,grow,turn,fall（asleep）,get,go,come,run.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途6、停止系動(dòng)詞。表示主語已停止動(dòng)作，主要有prove,turnout,表達(dá)"證明"，"變?yōu)?之意，資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Therumorprovedfalse.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.（turnout表停止性結(jié)果）資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途7．使役動(dòng)詞：let,have,make使，讓Let/makesomebodydosthTheteacherlets/makesthemcleantheclassroomafterschool.Makesb/sthadj.Thestorymakesmehappy.Thecolormakesitlookbeautiful.Havesomebodydosth讓某人做某事Havesthdone讓某物被做

資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Mymotherhavesmemakethebed.Ihavemyhaircut/washed.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途有些動(dòng)詞它們既可以用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，又可以用作連系動(dòng)詞。其他be還可用作助動(dòng)詞。它們的用法不同樣，詞義和句型構(gòu)造也有所不同樣。比方：資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Lookattheblackboard,please.請看黑板。(look用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)Helooksalittletired.他略顯疲備。(look用作連系動(dòng)詞)Theyareatwork.他們在工作。(are用作連系動(dòng)詞)Theyareworking.他們正在工作。(are用作助動(dòng)詞，幫助組成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))三、助動(dòng)詞輔助主要?jiǎng)釉~組成謂語動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞。助動(dòng)詞是語法功能詞，自己沒有詞義，不可獨(dú)自使用，它沒有對應(yīng)的漢譯，比方：Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.（doesn't是助動(dòng)詞，無詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義)資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途1、助動(dòng)詞be(is,am,are,was,were)，have(has,had,having)，do(did,does).資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途*do(does,did)的用法（1）組成疑問句或否認(rèn)句(How)didyouknow?Hedoesnotsmoke.2/4個(gè)人采集整理僅供參照學(xué)習(xí)（2）增強(qiáng)語氣。Hedidtellthat.Docomeandseeus.（3）取代前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞，防備重復(fù)。-Youlikepopularmusic,don'tyou?-Yes,Ido.HespeaksFrenchasfluentlyasshedoes.（4）用于倒裝句中。Neverdidhepayattentiontomywords.OnlythendidIunderstandtheimportanceofEnglish.資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途（5）組成否認(rèn)的祈使句。Don'tbesocareless.Donothesitatetocomeforhelp.四、神態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can,could,may,might,shill,should,will,would,need,dear,haveto,oughtto資料個(gè)人采集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途.1.MrWang____beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t-MustIstayathome,Mum?--No,you______.needn’tB.mustn’tC.don’tnotD.may-Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?Sorry,Ican’t.I____takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto4.-MayIgotothecinema,Mum?--Certainly.Butyou_____bebackby11olock.’cA.canB.mayC.mustD.need5.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow6.-MayIgoouttoplaybasketball,Dad?--No,you______.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.couldn’tD.needn’t-WhereisJack,please?--He____beinthereadingroom.A.canB.needC.wouldD.mustA.musn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t8.-Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?--Sure,butyou_____helpmewithmyhouseworkfirst.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could9.TheboysaidhehadtospeakEnglishinclass,buthe_____speakitaftercalss.A.couldB.didn’thavetoC.mightD.shouldn’t10.John______gotherewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureaboutit.A.mustB.canC.willD.may11.Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan’tworkoutthisproblem.Soit_____beverydifficult.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3/4個(gè)人采集整理僅供參照學(xué)習(xí)12.It’sstillearly.You______.A.mustn’thurryB.wouldn’thurryC.maynothurryD.don’thavetohurryAcomputer______thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot-CouldIborrowyourdicti