畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)某水庫(kù)休閑建筑施工招投標(biāo)文件技術(shù)標(biāo)

本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)（附件）**市**水庫(kù)休閑建筑施工招投標(biāo)文件（技術(shù)標(biāo)）學(xué)院（部）：專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：2010年6月1日畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告學(xué)院（部）：專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：2010年6月1日安徽理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開(kāi)題報(bào)告姓名專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)工程管理06-11班指導(dǎo)教師一、課題的名稱(chēng)、來(lái)來(lái)源1.課題名稱(chēng)2.課題來(lái)源■生產(chǎn)□科研□教學(xué)□其他研究意義、研究現(xiàn)現(xiàn)狀、研究?jī)?nèi)內(nèi)容、擬采用用的研究思路路與方法(可附頁(yè))研究意義：優(yōu)化社會(huì)資源配置置，提高固定定資產(chǎn)投資效效益；提升管管理水平，提提高工程建設(shè)設(shè)質(zhì)量；改善善生產(chǎn)工藝，促促進(jìn)企業(yè)技術(shù)術(shù)進(jìn)步招標(biāo)投標(biāo)是分配社社會(huì)資源的重重要手段，通通過(guò)招投標(biāo)發(fā)發(fā)揮競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制制作用，將社社會(huì)資源分配配給管理好、技技術(shù)強(qiáng)的企業(yè)業(yè)，同時(shí)企業(yè)業(yè)為了多中標(biāo)標(biāo)、中好標(biāo)，也也必須加強(qiáng)管管理，提高技技術(shù)水平。多年招投標(biāo)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，磨磨練了一大批批建筑業(yè)企業(yè)業(yè)，培養(yǎng)鍛煉煉了一大批優(yōu)優(yōu)秀的工程項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目管理和技技術(shù)人才，各各類(lèi)建筑業(yè)企企業(yè)為適應(yīng)招招投標(biāo)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的的要求，不斷斷加強(qiáng)企業(yè)內(nèi)內(nèi)部管理，追追求技術(shù)創(chuàng)新新，提高工程程項(xiàng)目管理水水平，促使了了企業(yè)向科學(xué)學(xué)化、現(xiàn)代化化和國(guó)際通行行模式轉(zhuǎn)變，招招投標(biāo)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)機(jī)制促進(jìn)了建建筑業(yè)企業(yè)整整體水平的提提高。合理確定工程價(jià)格格，降低工程程建設(shè)成本國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)歷年的工工程招投標(biāo)證證明，經(jīng)過(guò)工工程招投標(biāo)的的工程，最終終造價(jià)可節(jié)省省約8%。這些費(fèi)用用的節(jié)省主要要來(lái)自于施工工技術(shù)的提高高、施工組織織的更加合理理化。此外能夠減少交易易費(fèi)用。節(jié)省省人力、物力力、財(cái)力，從從而使工程造造價(jià)有所降低低。創(chuàng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，促促進(jìn)企業(yè)間的的平等競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；；克服不正當(dāng)當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，防止止和杜絕腐敗敗行為；保護(hù)護(hù)國(guó)家利益、社社會(huì)公共利益益和招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)活動(dòng)當(dāng)事人人的合法權(quán)益益有利于鼓勵(lì)施工企企業(yè)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)，不斷降低低社會(huì)平均勞勞動(dòng)消耗水平平。施工單位位之間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的的更加公開(kāi)、公公平、公正，對(duì)對(duì)施工單位是是沖擊又是一一種激勵(lì)，可促進(jìn)企業(yè)業(yè)加強(qiáng)內(nèi)部管管理，提高生產(chǎn)效效率，從而優(yōu)優(yōu)化社會(huì)資源源配置。推進(jìn)國(guó)際合作，促促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展展研究現(xiàn)狀：1、利用工程發(fā)包權(quán)權(quán)索賄受賄。設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)與施工隊(duì)隊(duì)伍的急劇膨膨脹，形成了了買(mǎi)方市場(chǎng)，些些建設(shè)單位及及其主管部門(mén)門(mén)常常利用工工程發(fā)包權(quán)索索賄受賄，收收取“回扣”，不給好處處就不給你發(fā)發(fā)包工程；而而設(shè)計(jì)、施工工企業(yè)則采取取拉關(guān)系、傍傍勢(shì)力、施行行賄等手段承承攬工程；2、倒手轉(zhuǎn)包或居間間介紹工程，從從中牟利。隨隨著建設(shè)領(lǐng)域域商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的的發(fā)展，新舊舊兩種管理體體制交替，必必要的管理法法規(guī)沒(méi)有及時(shí)時(shí)建立，在工工程承包方面面缺乏嚴(yán)密的的管理，使得得企業(yè)中標(biāo)后后，直接轉(zhuǎn)包包或違法分包包給其他單位位，從中收取取管理費(fèi)，以以包代管，而而對(duì)工程質(zhì)量量、安全不從從事管理、不不負(fù)責(zé)任。這這種轉(zhuǎn)包的現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象，使得一一些資質(zhì)不夠夠，沒(méi)有施工工經(jīng)驗(yàn)的企業(yè)業(yè)，進(jìn)入施工工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，為質(zhì)質(zhì)量安全問(wèn)題題埋下隱患。“轉(zhuǎn)包”現(xiàn)象的存在在是現(xiàn)今“豆腐渣工程”存在的一個(gè)個(gè)根源。3、弄虛作假，違法法經(jīng)營(yíng)。一些些部門(mén)濫用權(quán)權(quán)利，將建設(shè)設(shè)工程，內(nèi)定定給某些施工工單位中標(biāo)，其其他單位只是是陪襯，出現(xiàn)現(xiàn)陪標(biāo)現(xiàn)象；；或者是投標(biāo)標(biāo)人之間進(jìn)行行串標(biāo)，相互互約定提高或或壓低投標(biāo)報(bào)報(bào)價(jià)，而獲取取中標(biāo)資格，使使招標(biāo)投標(biāo)成成為徒具形式式的空殼，無(wú)無(wú)法做到公開(kāi)開(kāi)、公平、公公正。4、評(píng)標(biāo)辦法不夠科科學(xué)，專(zhuān)家水水平有待提高高：目前我們們還沒(méi)有建立立起一套科學(xué)學(xué)的評(píng)標(biāo)辦法法，以至于有有些單位，單單純著重報(bào)價(jià)價(jià)高低，且整整個(gè)評(píng)分方法法重定性評(píng)分分，輕定量評(píng)評(píng)分。專(zhuān)家評(píng)評(píng)標(biāo)水平和職職業(yè)素質(zhì)有待待提高。5、招標(biāo)代理機(jī)構(gòu)的的行為有待進(jìn)進(jìn)一步規(guī)范：：由于工程招招標(biāo)投標(biāo)活動(dòng)動(dòng)的監(jiān)管方式式，已由審批批管理依法改改變?yōu)檫^(guò)程監(jiān)監(jiān)督，依法登登記備案和對(duì)對(duì)違法、違紀(jì)紀(jì)行為的查處處，招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)工程的操作作都由招標(biāo)代代理機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)完完成。但由于于我國(guó)招標(biāo)代代理業(yè)務(wù)起步步晚，招標(biāo)代代理市場(chǎng)發(fā)育育尚不完善，一一些相關(guān)的配配套制度還不不健全，致使使一些代理機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)在實(shí)際工工作中缺乏自自律，步入誤誤區(qū)，利用自自己的特殊身身份幫助業(yè)主主選擇其自身身傾向中標(biāo)的的結(jié)果。其次次對(duì)于代理機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)的工作成成果，還沒(méi)有有一個(gè)很好的的可操作、量量化的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。6、對(duì)招標(biāo)投標(biāo)過(guò)程程中的違法、違違紀(jì)現(xiàn)象執(zhí)法法監(jiān)察力度不不大。7、招標(biāo)投標(biāo)管理機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)在全國(guó)各各地陸續(xù)建立立，形成上下下聯(lián)動(dòng)的招標(biāo)標(biāo)投標(biāo)管理網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系，為為進(jìn)一步搞好好招標(biāo)投標(biāo)管管理工作做好好了組織機(jī)構(gòu)構(gòu)上的準(zhǔn)備。8、建立了建筑工程程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)管管理制度?！吨兄腥A人民共和和國(guó)建筑法》、《中中華人民共和和國(guó)招投標(biāo)法法》相繼頒布布，《工程建建設(shè)項(xiàng)目招標(biāo)標(biāo)范圍和規(guī)模模標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定》、《建建設(shè)工程招標(biāo)標(biāo)投標(biāo)暫行規(guī)規(guī)定》等相繼繼出臺(tái)，規(guī)范范了招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)市場(chǎng)。9、促進(jìn)了企業(yè)改革革。建筑企業(yè)業(yè)開(kāi)始注重企企業(yè)內(nèi)部建設(shè)設(shè)，重視樹(shù)立立競(jìng)爭(zhēng)觀(guān)念、市市場(chǎng)觀(guān)念、信信息觀(guān)念，改改善隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理理、施工質(zhì)量量，注重探索索商品經(jīng)濟(jì)條條件下的施工工管理規(guī)律，推推進(jìn)企業(yè)內(nèi)部部改革。10、提高了工程建設(shè)設(shè)進(jìn)度、質(zhì)量量和效益。在在現(xiàn)行工程招招標(biāo)投標(biāo)制度度下，建筑企企業(yè)的積極性性得到了極大大的釋放，大大大地促進(jìn)了了建筑業(yè)的發(fā)發(fā)展。11、建設(shè)單位與施工工單位的關(guān)系系得到了極大大改善。實(shí)行行工程招標(biāo)投投標(biāo)制度后，甲甲乙雙方的責(zé)責(zé)、權(quán)、利，經(jīng)經(jīng)過(guò)招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)承包合同明明確下來(lái)，工工程造價(jià)、工工期、質(zhì)量，都都在合同中一一次明確，避避免了許多繁繁瑣的扯皮事事務(wù)。研究?jī)?nèi)容：1、工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)的的基本程序和和要求；2、工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)材材料的收集和和整理；3、工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)文文件的編制：：1)招標(biāo)文件的的編制內(nèi)容a.投標(biāo)須知及投投標(biāo)須知前附附表；b.合同條款；c.合同文件格式式；d.建設(shè)工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)；e.評(píng)標(biāo)細(xì)則；f.投標(biāo)文件技術(shù)術(shù)標(biāo)部分格式式。投標(biāo)文件的編制內(nèi)內(nèi)容a.投標(biāo)函部分b.施工組織設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)c.項(xiàng)目管理機(jī)構(gòu)構(gòu)配備d.投標(biāo)人綜合資資料擬采用的研究思路路和方法：1、確定自己所要研研究的內(nèi)容、完成開(kāi)題報(bào)告、翻譯一篇與建筑有關(guān)的科技文；2、查閱相關(guān)資料，搜搜集各種有關(guān)關(guān)信息，構(gòu)思思文章基本框框架；3、對(duì)文章進(jìn)行修改；；4、解決在研究中發(fā)發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，總總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。三、主要參考文獻(xiàn)獻(xiàn)1、《工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)管理》，劉劉昌明、宋會(huì)會(huì)蓮編，北京京大學(xué)出版社社；2、《工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)管理概論》，徐徐文通編，中中國(guó)人民大學(xué)學(xué)出版社；3、《建設(shè)工程招標(biāo)標(biāo)投標(biāo)與合同同管理》，中中國(guó)機(jī)械工業(yè)業(yè)教育協(xié)會(huì)組組編，機(jī)械工工業(yè)出版社；；4、《招標(biāo)投標(biāo)法律律務(wù)實(shí)》，葉葉文東編，中中國(guó)建筑工業(yè)業(yè)出版社；5、《工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目目的招標(biāo)與投投標(biāo)》，劉爾烈、朱建元編，人民法院院出版社；6、《中華人民共和和國(guó)招標(biāo)投標(biāo)標(biāo)法實(shí)用問(wèn)答答》，卞耀武編，中國(guó)建筑筑材料工業(yè)出出版社；7、《建筑工程招標(biāo)標(biāo)與投標(biāo)管理理》，陳森熏、王清池編，人民交通出出版社；8、《建筑工程施工工招標(biāo)評(píng)標(biāo)辦辦法》，交通部編，人民交通通出版社；9、《土木工程施工工》，應(yīng)惠清清主編，高等等教育出版社社；10、相關(guān)的法律、法法規(guī)及地方規(guī)規(guī)章制度。四、進(jìn)度安排2010年03月月22日至04月05日：選擇畢業(yè)設(shè)設(shè)計(jì)的課題，并著手于相相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)及文文獻(xiàn)的收集，完完成開(kāi)題報(bào)告告，翻譯一篇篇與建筑有關(guān)關(guān)的科技文，最最后確定論文文題目。2010年04月月06日至04月25日：查閱相關(guān)關(guān)文獻(xiàn)及數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)，構(gòu)思文章章基本框架、觀(guān)觀(guān)點(diǎn)及研究思思路，并確定初稿。2010年04月月26日至05月20日：對(duì)文章進(jìn)行修改，并并在指導(dǎo)老師師的指導(dǎo)下修修改文中的缺缺陷及格式。2010年05月月21日至06月1日：根據(jù)指導(dǎo)導(dǎo)老師的意見(jiàn)見(jiàn)最終定稿，準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)備答辯。五、指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn)見(jiàn)指導(dǎo)教師簽名：日期：年月日六、所在系意見(jiàn)負(fù)責(zé)人簽名（簽章章）：日期期：年月日注：此件由學(xué)生本人填寫(xiě)，一式二份，院（部）、指導(dǎo)教師各存一份。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中英文翻譯學(xué)院（部）：專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：2010年6月1日CONSTRUCTIONPROJECTCOSTMANAGEMENTOFENTERPRISESABSTRACTAlongwiththenationalmacro-control,engineeringconstructionmarketcompetitionintensifies,morethecontractedpricewarenteredwhite-hotstagesince2003,andbybuilding,butalsocontinuouslyrisingpricesofrawmaterials,thelowestbidsystem,marketsystemofcashdepositsofthreefactors,causingsevereimpactconstructionenterpriseprofitfellsharplyandcapitaloperationdifficulty,enterprisesarefacinggreatpressureofcompetition,thelivingenvironmentisnotoptimistic.Accordingly,wanttobeinthefiercecompetitioninthemarketgainafirmfoothold,itmustadheretotheprincipleofcostmanagementscience,followthecorrectcostmanagementprocedure,makeclearthespecificcontentofcostmanagement,thekeylinkofcostmanagementandadoptcorrespondingmeasures,theimplementationofeffectiveprojectcostmanagement.Thispaperfirstlyprojectcostmanagementisanalyzer,andthenanalysestheconstructionprojectcostmanagementofenterprisesandfinallytostrengthenenterprisemanagementandcontrolthecostofconstructionprojectarediscussed.KEYWORDS:buildingproject,costmanagement,thecontrolAsChina'seconomicsystemreform,themarketfurthertoenterprisemanagementofhigherrequirements.Themostownerspaydepositontheprerequisitesforbidding,constructionprojectfundsoccupyenterprise,theenterpriseeconomicbenefit,isforthesurvivalanddevelopmentofenterprisesformedgreatchallenges,somustconstantlyimproveforcedenterprisecostmanagementofconstructionproject,theconstructionprojectcostofhumanresources,materialresourcesandcost,needguidance,supervisionandregulationandcontrolwilloccurandhasthedeviationoftheproductioncost,costcontrolintheplanoftheprojectscope,reducethecostandimprovetheeconomicbenefit.A,projectcostmanagement(a)ProjectcostmanagementconceptEngineeringprojectcostreferstotheprojectofthesumtotalexpenses,includingdirectandindirectcosts.Directcosts,includingtabor,materials,machinesandotherdirectly.Indirectcostreferstotheprocessofprojectmanagementandtemporaryfacilityfee,etc.Projectcostmanagementistheprojectconstructioncost,whathappenedinorganizedandsystematicplanning,control,andpredictcalculation,analysisandassessment,andaseriesofscientificmanagement.Itspurposeliesintheorganizationandtomobilizethemasses,inordertoensureproductquality,underthepremiseofminingcostreduction,thepotentialtoproducethemaximumproductioncosts.Projectcostmanagementshouldfirstestablishedbyprojectmanagerforcenterofcostcontrolsystem:second,shouldaccordingtoeachpositionandoperationcosttargetsdecompositionlayers,Again,shouldmakeclearthemanagementandoperationcostofresponsibility,accesslayerandthemutualrelationship.Projectintendstoconstructionprocessvariouskindsofconsumptionandcost,andassumesresponsibilitycostcontrolcostrisk.Projectcostcontrolincludingcostforecast,planning,implementing,accounting,costanalysis,evaluation,andthepreparationofcostinformationaltogether8report.Enterprisetocontrolthecostoftheprojectintendstoservice.Enterprise'sprofitgoalsdependonprojectcostreduction.(b)ProjectcostmanagementcontentProjectcostmanagementisaconstructionenterpriseprojectmanagementsystemofasubsystem,thesystemofspecificworkcontentsinclude:costforecast,costdecision-making,costplan,costcontrol,costaccounting,costanalysisandcostevaluation,etc.Projectinprojectconstructionprocessintendstoplace,allsortsofcostinformationthroughorganizedandsystematicforecast,plan,control,analysisandcalculationandsoonaseriesofwork,promptedprojectwithinthesystem,accordingtocertainelementsofthetarget,whichtheactualcostofconstructionprojectinadefiniteplancostrange.1,projectcostforecastEngineeringprojectcostforecastisthroughtheprojectcostinformationandspecificsituations,andtheuseofcertainspecialmethod,thecostofthefuturedevelopmenttrendandthepossiblelevelofscientificestimates,itsessenceisprojectcostinconstructionofaccounting.BeforeThroughcostforecast,canmaketheprojectownersandenterpriseintendstomeetrequirementsinthepremise,lowcostandgoodbenefittoselectthebestscheme,andcancostinprojectcostformationprocess,accordingtotheweaklink,costcontrol,overcomeblindness,improveforesight.Therefore,theprojectcostforecastisprojectcostdecisionandplan.2,projectcostplanEngineeringprojectcostplanistoprojectcostjointprojectplanningmanagementtools.Itiscompiledinmonetaryformduringtheprojectplan,costlevelofproductioncostandlowercostsandtoreducecostandthemainmeasuresadoptedbytheplanningscheme,itiswrittenprojectcostmanagementsystem,developingcostcontrolandaccountingbasis.Generallyspeaking,aprojectcostfromstarttoplanshouldincludethecompletionofconstructioncostrequired,itistheprojectcostistheguidingdocument,costbasissettargets.Cansay,costplanisaformoftargetcost.3,projectcostcontrolEngineeringprojectcostcontrolreferstotheprojectinconstructionprocess,theinfluenceofvariousfactorsofprojectcost,strengthenmanagement,andadoptsvariouseffectivemeasuresinconstruction,variouskindsofactualcostandexpensestostrictlycontrolthecostplan,withinthescopeofanyfeedbackandexpenses,strictcensorshipstandards,theactualcostsandplannedcostcalculationandanalysisofthedifferencebetweentheloss,eliminateconstructionwaste,andsummarizesthatadvancedexperience.Throughcontrollingthecost,tofinallyrealizeeventhanexpectedcosttargets.Engineeringprojectcostcontrolintheconstructionprojectsshallbethroughthebiddingphasebeganfromthewholeprojectuntilthecompletionacceptance;itisacomprehensiveenterprisecostmanagementistheimportantlink.Therefore,mustbeclearaboutthevariousmanagementorganizationandstaffatalllevelsofresponsibilityandauthority,whichisthebasisofcostcontrol,onemustgiveenoughattention.4,projectcostaccountingEngineeringprojectcostaccountingisreferstotheprojectconstructionprocessofvariousexpensesandprojectcostaccounting.Itincludestwobasiclink:oneisinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthescopeofconstructioncost,calculatecollectsfeestheactualprojectconstructioncostaccountant,Twoisbasedoncostaccountingobject,takeappropriatemethodtocalculatethetotalcostoftheprojectandtheunitcost.Engineeringprojectcostaccountingofcostinformationiscostforecast,costplan,costcontrol,costanalysisandassessmentofeachlink.Therefore,strengtheningprojectcostaccountingwork,toreduceprojectcostandimprovetheeconomicefficiencyofenterpriseshasapositiveeffect.5,projectcostanalysisProjectcostanalysisisformedintheprocess,thecostofprojectcostanalysisandcomparisonoftheevaluationwork,itsummarizesthroughoutthewholeprojectcostmanagement,jectcostanalysismainlyuseprojectcostaccountinginformation(costinformation),andthecostofobjectivecost(plans),budgetandcostofsimilarprojectastheactualcostcomparison,understandthecost,alsowanttoanalysisthemaintechnicalandeconomicindexesoftheinfluenceofcost,thecostofchange,checktherationalityofcostplan,andthroughthecostanalysis,revealstherulechangesdeeply,lookingforthecostofreducingthecostofprojects,witheffectivecostcontrol,reducethewasteofconstructionenterpriseandproject,intendstokeepcostsandfinancialdiscipline,betterarousetheenthusiasmofbroadworker,strengthenthewholeprojectcostmanagement.6,projectcostassessmentSo-calledcostevaluation,engineeringafterthecompletionoftheproject,thecostoftheproject,projectcostduetotherelevantprovisionsofthesystem,theactualcostindexandplan,quota,budgetandcomparesassessment,evaluationofengineeringprojectcostplancompletionandtheperformanceoftheresponsible,andgivethecorrespondingrewardandpunishment.Throughcostevaluation,dohavefreeprize,discriminating,caneffectivelymotivateenterpriseswithintheirrespectiveeveryworkertofinishtheconstructiontargetposition,inordertoreducethecostofenthusiasmandincreasethecostofproject,theaccumulationcontributiontomake.Projectcostmanagementsystemineverylinkisinterrelatedandinteract.Costisthepremiseandcostdecisioncostplanisdeterminedbythetargetcostdecision.Costcontrolisthenistosupervisetheimplementationofcostplan,ensuretherealizationofthetargetofdecision-makingcostandcostaccountingandcostplan,realizethefinaltestwhetheritprovidesinformationonthecostofaprojectandcostforecastandprovidesabasisfordecision-making.Costassessmentistorealizethetargetresponsibilitysystemofguaranteeandthecostoftheimportantgoalrealizationdecision-making.B,thecostofconstructionprojectmanagementofenterprisesintheexistingproblemsConstruction-in-progressignorecostmanagementPushprojectconstructionmethod,oftenappearsuchproblem,theenterprisemanagementcostbuthopeless,thoughseriouslymoreandCulieruncentralrole.Projectisacostcenter,butthefirsttimeconstraintmustmeetsuchterms,lestextendedfines,seasonalconstruction,haveprofittotheproductioncostandbenefitofcommonphenomenonbow.(b)EngineeringcostmanagementinexistenceLong-termsince,theenterprisecostmanagementexistmisunderstandinginthatenterprisecostmanagementisthefinancialdepartmentsresponsibility,someprojectmanagerwillbemoreeasilyprojectcostmanagementresponsibilitytoprojectcostmanagementauthorityorfinancialpersonnel.Theresultisonlyresponsiblefortechnicalpersonnelquality,engineeringtechnologyandengineeringpersonnelresponsibleonlyforconstructionorganizationandmanagementpersonnel,materialengineeringprogressonlyresponsibleforpurchasingofmaterialsandthebaseandwork.Thisostensiblyacleardivisionofresponsibilitiesandclear,describingthecostmanagement,butnoresponsibility.Ifproductionorganizationstaffinordertocasttimeandblindincreaseconstructionpersonnelandequipment,willcausedamagesoccurandwastetaborage,Ifthetechnicalpersonneldataimprecise,willcausetheincreaseoffreightsecondarypourmaterial,Ifthetechnicalpersonneltoensuretheengineeringquality,adoptfeasiblemeasuresofeconomy,butnotnecessarilymaketechnology,increasingcosts.Therefore,don'tgooutthismisunderstandingin,itisimpossibletoimproveprojectcostmanagement.(c)NotformedasetofperfectcombinationofEquallycostmanagementsystemAnymanagementactivities,Equallyshouldcombinemanagementsystemcanbeeffective,costmanagementisnoexception.EnterprisecostmanagementQuantileonlybyadheringtotheprincipleofcombiningdistinct,andcaneffectivelycontroltopunishortoreducecost.Nowmanyenterprisesduetolongplannedeconomysystem,theimpactonthecostmanagementdepartmentsandposts,theprocessofresponsibilitiesandmanagementcompetenceunknowntoeachdepartment,enterprisecanpost,processesandhuman,financial,materialcostimplementationquantitativestandardevaluation,Inthedistributionofinterestsegalitarianism,appearonthesame,lessthandogoodandbadsituationofadryengineeringprojectcostmanagementiseffective.(d)Costcontrolabilityweak(1)Materialpurchaselinkexecutivequalifiedsubcontractorsevaluationsystem,materialengineering,ordoesnotconformtotherequirementinlargeandsmallbacklogandwastematerialcause.(2)Material"run,take,drop,leakage"phenomenon,materiallimitation,cannotimplementthesystemofaccurateaccountingmaterialsconsumptionlevel.(3)Mechanicalequipmentutilizationrateislow,theslowdownfrequentlyoccurred.C,theenterprisemanagementandcontrolthecostofconstructionprojectfocusonbuildingprojectconstructionphaseofcostcontrol,andstrivetoreducecosts1,constructionprocessinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveresponsibilitiesinanalysisandcostcontroltarget(1)Improvetaborproductivity,spending,strengtheningthemanagementoftabor.(2)Downsizing,reducethesectionswhereorgansandauthorityofthedeadwoodsubordinateuniton-the-jobpersonnel,maketomasteringmanyskillswhilespecializingin.Numberofprojectmanagement,investmentamountaccordingtosize,complexity,constructiontechnologyandconstructioncapacity.Takecompetition,DingGang,Dinghies,resource,fixedpositionriskfactors,(3)Intheproductionofconstructionpersonneltraining,improvetheirproductionabilityandtheleveloftechnology,sotheycanfinishandoverfulfilledquota,utmostgroundwiththefewestnumberoftabor,gainthemaximumworkingefficiency,(4)tostrengthenscientificmanagementlearningandintroducingadvancedmethodsofmanagement,technologyandequipment,process,inordertoimprovetheefficiencyofman-machine,(5)Accordingtotheconstructionplan,throughthenetworkoperationflowanalysis,makefulluseoftheexistingfacepossibleparalleloperationorganization,mining,expand,makethesubsequentprocess,improvetheworkinghoursinadvanceandoptimizethedamagesbyeffect.(6)Choosegoodconstructionenterpriseworkerswhohavepreferredchoice,specialty,haveexperienceofskillfulcontractorthebrigade,faircompetition,establishedunderthealmightyManateemechanism.Lessasfaraspossible,contractorthebrigadehiredworkerintheconstructionunit,thelargeston-lineplayworkerofbenefit,enthusiasm,reduceburden.2,thematerialcostcontrol(1),reasonablydeterminethenumberofmaterials.Intheprojectconstructioncostofmaterials,thelargestproportionofengineeringcost,canreach60to70percent.Therefore,thecostcontrolcrucialbalancewillaffectthecostoftheproject,andthecostofthesurpluswithsavingpotential.Oftenappearinothercostwhen,wanttorelyonmateriallosscostsavings.Executeslimitationofsteel,cement,accordingtothetheoryofhairlossamountplusreasonablemeasuresandconstructionZuoYeDuisettlement.WhensavingawardbyZuoYeDuiconstruction,toundertakeconstruction,fromZuoYeDuideductsettlement.ThisconstructionZuoYeDuiwillbemorereasonableuseofmaterials,reducethewasteofloss(2),reasonablydeterminethepriceofmaterials.Materialpricealsoisthekeytoreducethematerialcost.Todeterminethepriceofmaterials,tissueengineering,materials,tofinanceetctofullsourcematerials,shopping,thesurveyfoundorprovidingservicesforthesourceofsupply,withthemostpreferentialpriceshallbemadeforbusiness,Butnotmaterialpriceaslowaspossible,eventhegoodqualityofmaterials.Qualifiedqualitymaterialsandmaturetechnologyandproficientskillstoensureprojectquality,Qualifiedqualitymaterialsandmaturetechnologyandproficientskills,toensuretheengineeringquality,mustgraspgoodphysicalproperties,chemicalpropertiesandthemechanicalpropertiesofmaterials,allmustpassaqualityinspection,thematerialstothegoodqualityofmaterialnotblindlypursuinglowcostanddisregardengineeringquality.3,sitemanagementcontrolOn-sitemanagementisdirectlyrelatedtotheprojectconstructioncost,constructionprocess,untilthroughoutthewarrantyexpires.Well,wintermonsoonrainsconstructionpreparation,preventionofthenaturalenvironmentofchangeandinfluencetheconstruction;Instrictaccordancewiththeconstructionstandard,technicalstandardsandqualityrequirements.Eachspecializedshouldformulatestrictprocedures,accordingtotheproceduresforhomework,causedbytheconstructioncost,responsibleforexecution,Topreventqualityaccidents.Qualityaccidentwillincreaserework,shutdown,repair,accidentprocessing,etc.Thispartofthecostofconstructionmanagementthroughadvancedcandecrease,(4)Toconstructionofpreventionanddetectionwork.Ifthequalityofprojectsintesting,andestablishthequalitysafetyrecordconcealedinspectionteamtoinspecttheprogressofconstructionsafety,andprevention,(2)Strengtheningtheengineeringqualitycontrol,theimplementationofacomprehensivequalitymanagement,reducere-workloss,decreaseandpreventnonconforming,scraplossEngineeringqualitycostcanbedividedintopreventioncost,cost,quality,cost,andexcessaccidentcosts,etc.Lackofprojectqualitymonitoringofinferiorqualityandpricewillbringheavy,thecostofbotheconomicaspects,alsohavelife-threatening.Currentconstructionprojectcostmanagementisnotyetbuiltonprojectqualitycostcontrolsystem,suchastheriskofcontractingunitsinengineering,thedemand,makesthesubcontract,behaviourofthesubcontractorpriceistoolowandtheconstructionprocess,jerrywaitforseriousinfluenceprojectquality.Aprojectconstructionprocessisengineeringqualityformingprocess.Toachievethequalityrequirements,theneedfortwoaspects:oneistheworkofqualityinspectionandqualityofwork,thesecondistheguaranteeoffailure,thesetworemedialworktoproducecost,workforthequalityproblemscausedbythesometimescostisverybreathtaking,toensurethatthequalityofthepremise,strengthencontrol,overallqualitymanagementtoreducecost,thequalityofeachprocedurestrictlyaccordingtoqualityrequirement,avoidandreducere-workandscrap,etc.(3)Strengthenthesafetymanagement,preventaccidentsandreduceaccidentlossStrengtheningthesafetymanagementonpreventingaccidentsandreduceconstructionenterprisemanagementproductioncost.1,reduceaccidents,canincreasetheeconomicbenefit.Constructionprojectseachaccidentmayhaveequipmentdamage,lossandworkplacerecoveryexpenses,etc.Feweraccidents,theprojectwillreducethecost,thelastpartaccidenttreatmentprojecteconomicincreasein.Ontheotherhand,eachaccidentisinevitablycausedbyconstructionprojects,andtheshutdownlossesoccurredtofrequencydecreaseandconstructionoftheseverityofconstructionalsoreducedtheshutdownlossescorresponding,projectcostincreaseofindirectbenefit.2,theemergencyresponseplan,oncetheaccidentandoptimizethedegree.Throughthesafetydesign,operation,maintenanceandinspectionmeasurescanpreventaccidentsandreducerisk,butcouldnotreachanabsolutesafety.Therefore,itisnecessarytoformulatesafetyinput,incaseaccidentemergencymeasurestobetakenaftertheemergencyplanand.Establishaccidentemergencyrescuesystem,aftertheaccidentrapidlydeveloping,protectthesceneofaccidentofcontrolandsafetyofpersonnel,outsidetheaccidentforpersonnel,propertyandenvironmentaldamagereducedtotheminimumdegree.(4)Improvetheconstructioncraft,reasonableconstruction1,intheconstructionprocess,applicationofnewtechnology,newtechnology,thereformoftraditionalcraftbehindandcannotonlyimprovetheprojectquality,simultaneouslybyreducingthetabor,materialsandequipment,etc,effectivelyreduceprojectcost.Likepumpingconcreteisakindofnewconstructiontechnology,andtheuseoftraditionalcranehoisting,comparedtosaveahopper,improvethequalityofcastingmanpower,quickentheconstructionspeed,makeuseofthetower,shortentheduration,reducethemechanicalequipmentandmaterials,theleasefeesfromtheoveralltoreducethecost,Comparedwiththeconcreteproducts,pumpingconcretepriceadvantageisobvious.Reasonablyusingsuitableprojectcharacteristicsofnewtechnology,newtechnology,strengthentheconstructionofthecontentofscienceandtechnologyistheeffectivewaytoreduceprojectcost.2,widelyadoptedadvancedtechnology,newtechnology,newmaterial,newmachine,andcanmaketheconstructionoftheinputmaterial(suchasframe,template,etc.)ofreducingtabor,equipment,shorterdurationreducedtoproject,withconsiderableeconomicbenefit.Therefore,foreachprojectconstruction,fullymobilizetechnicalmanagementpersonnelandeconomicmanagementpersonnel,relyingonscienceandtechnologyinnovation,adjustmeasurestolocalconditions,makeuseofadvancedtechnology,newtechniques,newmaterials,suchasattachedwallclimbingscaffold,sliding,dismantlinghomeworktechnology,survivaltime,technology,mortaroverscreeningsandhead","pour,stoneetc.Andallrelatedtotheconstructionofeconomicbenefitstoimproveworkefficiency,andmanagement,checkoutalltechnicalmeasures,toensurethattheapplication.(5)PerfectthelawofcontractandavoidlossesConstructionprojectsofallkindsofeconomicactivitiesinthecontractoragreement,ifthecontracttermsappearnotrigorous,willcausehislosswhencannotclaim,produceneedlessloss.Somustcarefulthoroughconcludetherigorousonthetermsofthecontract.First,shouldberelativelyfixedeconomiccontractmanagementpersonnel,andmasterknowledgeeconomiccontractregulationsshall,whennecessary,posts,Secondistheeconomiccontractshallstrengthenthemanagementjobresponsibility,Threeisfixedcontractshallformulatecorrespondingstandard.Constructionprojectcontractbasicallyhasthefollowingcategories:OEMentrustcontract,thepurchasecontract,subcontract,taborcontracts,technicalservicecontract,leasecontractandotheragreement,etc.Allthetermsofthecontractshallbeintheformofengineeringandtechnologybefore,contract,finance,costbusinessdepartmentintermsthatinclined,connotation,rigorousnotleak.(6)Strengthencommunicationmanagement,costmanagement,operationandorderlyconstruction-in-progressCommunicationmanagementisanimportantaspectofprojectmanagement,communication,splitasunder,andeachwillwastetimeconstraints,energyandresources,Goodcommunication,costmanagementofeachlink,canensureorderlyoperationcostmanagementworksmoothly,reduceunnecessarylossofwaste.Therearemanykindsofcommunication,theprojectmeetingiseffectiveprojectmanagementisanimportantwayofcommunication.Generalcanadopt"3"wouldcommunicate."Threewill"namely:jointleadershipbythemembersBanGongHui";"Byproductionsystemconsistingofvariousdepartmentsresponsiblemanufacturingprocesses;""Bythebusinessdepartmentdirectorof"business".One:"business"willberesponsibleforplanning,implementationandmanagementcostsaccountingandtimelytreatmentplanimplementationprocessproblemsinoperation,etc.Meanwhile,combinedwithaplannedcostmanagementinthenewsituation,improveandstandardizethetaborwage,materialsupply,mechanicalequipmentbusinessmanagementsystem,etc."Theproductionprocessesresponsibleforon-siteconstruction",safetyandqualitymanagement,andcoordinatetheplanaccordingtothejointrequirementsofthecost