第二講摘要寫作

InstituteofAgro-Bioengineering,GuizhouUniversity

XiaopengWenxpwensc@Tel13809499419Chapter2:TitleandAbstract科技論文的結(jié)構(gòu)一般來說，科技論文應(yīng)具備3個特點：準(zhǔn)確、客觀、邏輯性強。論述時應(yīng)做到概念準(zhǔn)確、結(jié)論明確、推理合乎邏輯，同時應(yīng)保證科學(xué)的嚴(yán)密性。1.Title標(biāo)題不宜太長，應(yīng)點名主題、提綱潔領(lǐng)、簡明扼要、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)規(guī)范，使人一目了然。論文的標(biāo)題多為名詞短語，或為一句話，要盡量避免使用從句、不定式短語、介詞短語。盡量不要用“Study”。1.TitleRegulationofglutaminesynthetaseisoformsintwodifferentiallydrought-tolerantrice(OryzasativaL.)cultivarsunderwaterdeficitconditionsTransformationofminiaturepottedrose(Rosahybrida

cv.Linda)withPSAG12-iptgenedelaysleafsenescenceandenhancesresistancetoexogenousethyleneHemeoxygenaseisinvolvedinH2O2-inducedlateralrootformationinapocynin-treatedrice1.TitleIdentificationofdifferentiallyexpressedgenespreferablyrelatedtodroughtresponseinpigeonpea(Cajanuscajan)inoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi(AMF)Identificationofdifferentially-expressedgenespotentiallyrelatedtostresstoleranceinatransgeniclineofEuropeanpearover-expressinganapplespermidinesynthasegene(MdSPDS1)1.TitleAntisenseinhibitionofaspermidinesynthasegenehighlightstheroleofpolyaminesforstressalleviationinpearshootssubjectedtosalinityandcadmium.Theenhancementofdroughttoleranceforpigeonpeainoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi.Highspermidinelevelsareimplicatedinenhancedheavymetaltoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpearby

exertingantioxidantactivities.Aluminumtoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpeariscorrelatedwiththeenhancedlevelofspermidineviaalleviatingoxidativestatus.1.Title1.TitleOverexpressionoftheapplespermidinesynthasegeneinpearconfersmultipleabioticstresstolerancebyalteringpolyaminetiters.

Genomicorganization,rapidevolutionandmeioticinstabilityofNBS-encodinggenesinanewfruitcrop“chestnutrose”.1.TitleMolecularcloningandexpressionanalysisofanargininedecarboxylasegenefrompeach(Prunuspersica).CloningoftwoclassesofPRgenesandthedevelopmentofSNAPmarkersforpowderymildewresistancelociinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)1.TitlePhylogeneticandevolutionaryanalysisofNBS-encodinggenesinRosaceaefruitcrops.Chestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt):apromisinggeneticresourceforfruitandornamentexploitationinChina.1.TitleGeneticdiversityofPoncirusaccessionsasrevealedbyamplifiedfragmentlengthpolymorphism(AFLP).Polyaminebiosynthesisofapplecallusundersaltstress:importanceofargininedecarboxylasepathwayinstressresponse.1.TitleEfficientplantregenerationandgeneticfidelityassessementofinvitro-derivedplantsofDendrobiumnobile–anendangeredmedicinalandornamentalherb.Promisinggeneticresourcesforresistancetopowderymildewinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)anditsrelativesinChina.1.TitleMicropropagationofchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)andgeneticstabilityassessmentoftheinvitroplantsusingRAPDandAFLPmarkers.Plantregenerationfromimmaturezygoticembryosofchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt)throughorganogenesis.1.TitleIsolationofTIRandnonTIRNBS-LRRresistancegeneanaloguesandidentificationofmolecularmarkerslinkedtoapowderymildewresistancelocusinchestnutrose(RosaroxburghiiTratt).CharacterizationofgeneticrelationshipsofRosaroxburghiiTrattanditsrelativesusingmorphologicaltraits,RAPDandAFLPmarkers2.Abstract一般只有一段，要求簡明扼要；要兼顧完整性、連貫性和邏輯性，同時還應(yīng)突出重點。應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容：1）立題的依據(jù)；2）主要工作；3）主要結(jié)果及意義。摘要：本文以64份貴州地方櫻桃種質(zhì)及紅燈和黑珍珠兩個栽培品種為試材，采用ISSR標(biāo)記進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性分析，為貴州櫻桃資源的開發(fā)和利用提供參考。結(jié)果表明，從90條ISSR引物中篩選出21條穩(wěn)定性強、譜帶清晰及多態(tài)性豐富的引物進(jìn)行PCR擴增，共獲得228個標(biāo)記，其中多態(tài)性標(biāo)記為199個，多態(tài)性比例為87.28%；1.貴州櫻桃種質(zhì)資源遺傳多樣性的ISSR分析采用NTSYS2.01軟件計算，相似系數(shù)為0.49~0.90，表明貴州地方櫻桃資源的遺傳多樣性豐富；UPGMA聚類分析顯示，畢節(jié)、遵義及黔南等地資源具有最豐富的遺傳多樣性，尤其畢節(jié)地區(qū)擁有大量品質(zhì)優(yōu)良的資源，可作為品質(zhì)育種的親本。1.貴州櫻桃種質(zhì)資源遺傳多樣性的ISSR分析貴州櫻桃種質(zhì)資源遺傳多樣性的ISSR分析GeneticDiversityofCherryGermplasmsfromGuizhouProvinceasRevealedbyISSRMakersInthecurrentwork,geneticdiversityof64cherry（Prunuspseudocerasu）accessionsfromGuizhouProvince,aswellascultivarsHongdengandBlackPearl,wasinvestigated/revealed/unraveled/elucidatedusingISSRmarkers.Tosatisfythedemandoffurtherexploitationandutility,geneticdiversityof64cherry（Prunuspseudocerasu）accessionsfromGuizhouProvince,aswellascultivarsHongdengandBlackPearl,wasinvestigatedusingISSRmarkersinthecurrentwork.本文以64份貴州地方櫻桃種質(zhì)資源及紅燈和黑珍珠兩個栽培品種為試材，采用ISSR標(biāo)記技術(shù)對其進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性分析，為貴州櫻桃資源的開發(fā)和利用提供參考。Atotalof228markerswerescored/obtained/gainedfromthe21primers,whichwerescreenedoutfrom90primersanddemonstratedhighlyreproducible,clearandpolymorphicbands.Amongtheobtainedmarkers,199werepolymorphic,accountingfor87.28%ofthetotal.結(jié)果表明，從90條ISSR引物中篩選出21條穩(wěn)定性強、條帶清晰及多態(tài)性豐富的引物進(jìn)行PCR擴增，共獲得228個標(biāo)記，其中多態(tài)性標(biāo)記為199個，多態(tài)性比例為87.28%；Asanalyzed/computedbyNTSYS2.01,thegeneticsimilarityamongtheaccessionsrangedfrom0.49to0.90,reflecting/indicating/mirroring/suggestingthehighgeneticdiversityofcherrygermplasmsinGuizhouProvince.采用NTSYS2.01軟件計算，相似系數(shù)為0.49~0.90，表明貴州地方櫻桃資源的遺傳多樣性豐富；TheUPGMAdendrogramdemonstrated/indicatedthattheaccessionsfromBijie,ZunyiandQiannanareasweremoregeneticallydiversified.InparticulartheaccessionsfromBijieexhibitedthehighestdegreeofdiversityinfruitquality,whichmaybeusedaselitematerialsforfurthergeneticimprovementinthisspecies.UPGMA聚類分析顯示，畢節(jié)、遵義及黔南等地資源具有最豐富的遺傳多樣性，尤其畢節(jié)地區(qū)擁有大量品質(zhì)優(yōu)良的資源，可作為品質(zhì)育種的親本。2.半夏的緩慢生長法保存及體細(xì)胞遺傳變異的ISSR檢測

本文以半夏試管苗為材料，探討了不同濃度的甘露醇、PP333和ABA對半夏延緩生長的保存效應(yīng)，并采用ISSR標(biāo)記對保存材料再生植株的體細(xì)胞遺傳變異進(jìn)行了檢測。結(jié)果表明，三種物質(zhì)均能有效抑制半夏試管苗的生長，保存10M而不繼代，存活率高；與正常繼代試管苗相比，再生植株的形態(tài)、增殖倍數(shù)和生根能力沒有顯著差異，最佳濃度分別為甘露醇2%-4%，PP3332.0mg·L-1，ABA2.0-4.0mg·L-1。在添加了2%-4%甘露醇或2.0mg?L-1PP333的培養(yǎng)基上，保存植株經(jīng)ISSR分子檢測，未檢測到變異；而保存在添加了2.0-4.0mg?L-1ABA培養(yǎng)基上的植株，出現(xiàn)了1條新增標(biāo)記，1條缺失標(biāo)記，位點變異率為1.6%，個體變異率為30%。因此，ABA不宜用于半夏試管苗的緩慢生長法保存，但有助于新突變體的產(chǎn)生，在半夏種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新上具有特殊意義。2.半夏的緩慢生長法保存及體細(xì)胞遺傳變異的ISSR檢測

半夏的緩慢生長法保存及體細(xì)胞遺傳變異的ISSR檢測SlowGrowthConservationofPinelliaternateanditsSomaclonalVariationasDetectedbyISSRMarkersEffectsofthevarious/diverse/differentconcentrationsofeithermannitol,PP333,orABAonslowgrowthofinvitro

Pinelliaternatewereinvestigated,andthesomaclonalvariationwasfurtherassessed/detectedusingISSRmarkerinthecurrentwork.本文以半夏試管苗為材料，探討了不同濃度的甘露醇、PP333和ABA對半夏延緩生長的保存效應(yīng)，并采用ISSR標(biāo)記對保存材料后代再生植株的體細(xì)胞遺傳變異進(jìn)行了檢測。結(jié)果表明，三種物質(zhì)均能有效抑制半夏試管苗的生長，保存10M而不繼代，存活率高；TheresultsshowedthatthetestedchemicalscouldeffectivelyinhibitthegrowthofinvitroPinelliaternate,andtheculturesmightbeconservedfor10monthswithouttransferwithahighsurvivalrate.Comparedwiththenormalsubculturingplantlet/control,themorphologicaltraits,aswellasproliferationandrootingabilityofregenerationplantwerenotsignificantlydifferent.Theoptimalconcentrationofmannitol,PP333andABAwere2%-4%,2.0mg.L-1and2.0-4.0mg.L-1,respectively,forlong-timepreservationofPinelliaternate.與正常繼代試管苗相比，再生植株的形態(tài)、增殖倍數(shù)和生根能力沒有顯著差異，最佳濃度分別為甘露醇2%-4%，2.0mg·L-1PP333

，2.0-4.0mg·L-1ABA。AsdetectedbyISSRmolecular,nopolymorphic/aberrantmarkerwasscored/observed/investigated/obtainedfromtheregeneratedplantletsconservedonmediumwiththeadditionof2%mannitoland2.0mg.L-1PP333.在添加了2%-4%甘露醇或2.0mg?L-1PP333的培養(yǎng)基上，保存植株經(jīng)ISSR分子檢測，未檢測到變異；However/Conversely,anewmarkerandaabsentmarkwereobservedfromthatconservedonmediumsupplementedwith2.0mg.L-1ABA,andthelocusorindividualvariationratewas1.6%or30%,respectively.而保存在添加了2.0-4.0mg?L-1ABA培養(yǎng)基上的植株，共出現(xiàn)了1條新增標(biāo)記，1條缺失標(biāo)記，位點變異率為1.6%，個體變異率為30%。

Therefore,ABAwasnotsuitableforinvitroconservationofPinelliagermplasm.Rather,itmightbeusedtogeneratenewmutant,whichdemonstratedhighlyapromisingroleinthecreationofnewPinelliaternategermplasm.因此，ABA不宜用于半夏試管苗的緩慢生長法保存，但有助于新突變體的產(chǎn)生，在半夏種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新上具有特殊意義。Theenhancementofdroughttoleranceforpigeonpeainoculatedbyarbuscularmycorrhizaefungi

Pigeonpea(Cajanuscajan)hasbeenrapidlygrowninthedrought-strikenkarsticregionsofsouthwestChina.Presentworkaimedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofarbuscularmycorrhizae(AM)onthedroughttoleranceofpigeonpea,aswellastoelucidatethephysiologicalresponsesofAM-colonizedseedlingstothewaterdeficit.AbstractAssubjectedtodroughtstress,AMsymbiosis(AMD)highlyledtothepositiveeffectsonrootsystem,plantheightandstemdiameter.AMDdemonstratedaremarkablyhigherchlorophyllcontent,photosyntheticrateandstomatalconductance.ThesolublesugarinAMDwassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthenon-AMseedlings(NAMD),indicatingtheenhancedtoleranceatleastpartiallycorrelatedwithosmoticsolute.Conversely,theproline(Pro)ofAMDwaslower,revealingtheexcessiveProwasnotimperativefordroughttolerance.After30daysdroughtstress,AMDgavearoundathirdlesslipidperoxidesthanthatofNAMD.Rather,therootactivitiesofAMDweresignificantlyhigherthanthatofthelatterafter10daysdroughtstress.AbstractThereby,AMfungimightsubstantiallyelevatethetolerancetodroughtofpigeonpea,andthecumulativeeffectscontributedtotheenhancedtolerance.Todate,thishasbeenthefirstreportconcerningtheenhancementofdroughttoleranceviaAMcolonizationinthislegumespecies.AbstractTitle:

Aluminumtoleranceinaspermidinesynthase-overexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpear

iscorrelatedwiththeenhancedlevelofspermidineviaalleviatingoxidativestatusAbstract:

Aluminum(Al)stressisamajorcauseofpoorcropyields,particularlyinthosecountrieswhereacidsoilpredominate.

ToverifywhetherpolyaminecanconferAltolerance,invitroshootsofa

transgenicEuropeanpear(PyruscommunisL.‘Ballad’)line#32overexpressingapplespermidinesynthase(MdSPDS1)andthewildtype(WT)weresubjectedtolong-termstressfor30μMAlCl3.Basedonnetincrement

ofshootheight(SHI)orfreshweight(FWI)andmorphologicalchangesuponthestress,wefoundthattheperformanceofline#32wasmuchbetterthanthatofWT.

AlthoughSPDSexpressionlevelsandspermidine(Spd)titers

inline#32werehigherthanthoseinWT,firmlyduetothetransgene(MdSPDS1)expression,nofurtherinductionofSPDSexpressionwasobservedfromthelong-termAlstresstrialinbothlines.AbstractWhile,Spdtiterswere

considerablyincreasedinbothlinesafterthestress.Theactivitiesofsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)orglutathionereductase(GR)andtheaccumulationofproline

ormalondialdehyde(MDA)

altereduponthisstresstowardamorefavorablestatusforsurvivalinthetransgenicline#32thaninWT.TheseantioxidantparameterswerecloselyrelatedtoSpdtiter.AbstractConcentrationsofcalcium(Ca)

andsomeco-factormetalsofSODinline#32werediverselyhigherthanthatinWTafterthestress.Theseevidencesindicate

thatSpdisimplicatedinelevatingofAlstresstoleranceofthetransgenicline#32chieflyviaamelioratingoxidativestatusaswellasbyaffectingmineralelementbalance.

AbstractTitle:

SpermidinelevelsareimplicatedinheavymetaltoleranceinaspermidinesynthaseoverexpressingtransgenicEuropeanpearbyexertingantioxidantactivitiesAbstractToverifywhetherspermidinesynthase(SPDS)canconferlong-termmulti-heavymetaltolerance,invitroshootsofatransgenicEuropeanpear(PyruscommunisL.‘Ballad’)line#32overexpressingappleSPDS(MdSPDS1),aswellasawildtype(WT)line,weresubjectedtostressusing