Harvard-Referencing(英文要點講解)

HARVARDREFERENCINGAuthorDateSystemLEARNINGOUTCOMESYouwillbeabletolistthethreefundamentalreasonsbehindreferencingYoubeabletoexplainwhenyoumustreferenceYouwillbeabletoproduceareferencelistentryforanarticlefromaneditedbookandaWebpageYouwillbeabletousein-textcitationtoreferenceanarticlefromaneditedbookandaWebpageTHELOGICOFREFERENCINGCulturally,theideaofreferencingstems,inpart,fromtheideaofindividualpropertyrights(Pennycook1996).Theacademiccultureofuniversitieshasalsoestablishedreferencingasacommunitypractice.Manydepartmentsatuniversitiesbelieveitisunethicaltoplagiarize.Therefore,referencingisessentialtoavoidwhatisperceivedasunethicalbehaviour.‘Thereisnoexcuseforplagiarismandyoumusttakeallreasonablestepstoensurethatyourscholarshipisethical’(Emphasisintheoriginal,ANTH1102UnitOutline2021,p.5)WHENDOYOUHAVETOREFERENCE?Youmustreferencewhenyouusethewords,ideas,imagesoranytextproducedbyothers.AccordingtoChristineHult(1996),‘Readersmustbeabletotellastheyarereadingyourpaperexactlywhatinformationcamefromwhichsourceandwhatinformationisyourcontributiontothepaper’(p.203).REFERENCELISTENTRYFORANEDITEDBOOKWhatinformationdoyouneedfromaneditedbook’scover?TheEditor’sName(orEditors’Names)ThetitleofthebookWritedowntheeditorsnamesandthetitleofthisbook.JohnGermov&MarilynPoolePublicSociology:AnIntroductiontoAustralianSocietyREFERENCELISTENTRYFORANEDITEDBOOKWhatinformationdoyouneedfromtheinformationpageatthebeginningofthebook?Theyearofpublication(mostrecentpublicationdate)ThepublisherTheplace(city)ofpublicationWritedownthisinformation.2007Allen&UnwinCrowsNestTableofContentsInformation

MODULE3SOCIALDIFFERENCESANDINEQUALITIES 213 11

ClassandinequalityinAustraliaMarkWesternandJaneenBaxter 21512

ThegenderorderGrazynaZadjow 23913

EthnicityandbelongingZiatkoSkrbis 25914

RaceandreconciliationinAustraliaMeredithGreenandSherrySaggers 28115 Deviance,crimeandsocialcontrolSharynRoachAnleu 30116

ThesocialbasisofhealthandillnessNeilBurdess 321

WhatinformationisrequiredfromtheTOC?Author(s)name(s)NameoftheArticleThepagerangeofthearticleWritedownthisinformation:MarkWesternandJaneenBaxterClassandinequalityinAustraliaPages215-238Editor(s)name(s)ed=editoreds=editors9.PageRange5.Thebooktitle

isitalicised.Noticethatonlythefirstletterofthefirstwordandpropernamesarecapitalizedinthebooktitle2.InitialoffirstnameForExample:JohnGeorgeSmartSmart,JGREFERENCELISTENTRYFORABOOKLet’sputtheinformationwehavecollectedtogether.LookatthisexampleHolton,C1997,‘Literature:

aquintessentialcontent’inThecontentbasedclassroom:perspectivesonintegratinglanguageandcontent,edsMSnow&DBrinton,Penguin,NewYork,pp.215-238.1.surnameIftheauthorhasamiddlenameonthepublication,includethefirstinitialoftheirmiddlenameaftertheinitialoftheirfirstname3.Yearofpublication4.TitleoftheArticle

in‘singlequotationmarks’.Noticethatonlythefirstletterofthefirstwordandpropernamesarecapitalizedinthearticletitle7.Publisher8.Place(city)ofpublicationNowitisyourturn.FollowingthisformatmakeareferencelistentryforMarkWesternandJaneenBaxter’sarticle.REFERENCELISTENTRYFORABOOKCompareyouranswerWestern,M&Baxter,J2007,‘ClassandinequalityinAustralia’inPublicsociology:anintroductiontoAustraliansociety,edsJGermov&MPoole,Allen&Unwin,CrowsNest,pp.215-238.

ReferenceListWebpageEntryUseonlyqualityWorldwideWebPagesYoumustcreateareferencelistentryforeachWebpageyouuse.ReferencingaWebpageWhatinformationdoyouneedtociteaWebpage?Author’sname.Ifthereisnoauthor,usethepagetitle.Webpagelastupdateyearifavailable.Ifnodateisavailable,writen.d.ArticletitleURLDateaccessed/

ReferencingaWebpageAustralianGovernment:CulturalPortal2021TheDreaming/February15,20217.

Thedateyouaccessedthepage5.WriteAvailablefrom:2.YearLookatthisexample:AustralianGovernment:SocialWelfare2021,AboriginalHealth.Availablefrom:<://.au/articles/indigenous/dreamtime/>.[15February2021].ReferenceListEntryforaWebpage3.

ArticleTitle(italicized)1.AuthororTitleofpage6.

CutandpastetheURLPutitbetween<arrowbrackets>RemovethehyperlinkNowitisyourturn.FollowingthisformatmakeareferencelistentryfortheAustralianGovernmentWebpage.aReferenceListEntryforaWebpageCompareyouranswerAustralianGovernment:CulturalPortal2021,TheDreaming.Availablefrom:<://.au/articles/indigenous/dreamtime/>.[15February2021].WHATDOESYOURREFERENCELISTLOOKLIKENOWReferenceListAustralianGovernment:CulturalPortal2021,TheDreaming.Availablefrom:<://.au/articles/indigenous/dreamtime/>.[15February2021].Western,M&Baxter,J2007,‘ClassandinequalityinAustralia’inPublicsociology:anintroductiontoAustraliansociety,edsJGermov&MPoole,Allen&Unwin,CrowsNest,pp.215-238.In-TextCitationEachtimeyouquote(use)asourceinyouressay,youmustshowthisbyincludingin-textcitation.Therearetwotypesofquotes: directquoteandindirectquotes.Therearetwotypesofindirectquotes: summariesandparaphrasesIn-TextCitationAdirectquoteiseasytoacknowledge:GreenandSaggers(2007)claim‘[t]hepercentageofIndigenouspeoplecompletingYear12islessthanhalfthatofnon-Indigenouspeople’(pp.283-284).OrIntermsofhighschoolsuccess,‘[t]hepercentageofIndigenouspeoplecompletingYear12islessthanhalfthatofnon-Indigenouspeople’(Green&Saggers2007,pp.283-248).In-TextCitationIndirectquotescanbeeithersummariesorparaphrasesPeterO’Shaughnessy’s(2000)articlediscussestheintricaterelationshipbetweenAborigineandtheland.Isthisasummaryorparaphrase?In-TextCitationWhattypeofquoteisthis?AccordingtoO’Shaughnessy(2000)Aboriginedohavetheconceptoflandownership(p.7).TheirclaimofownershipstemsfromtheirbeliefthelandwasgiventothembyAncestralBeings(p.7).WhiletheseAncestralBeingsgavethempossessionoftheland,theyalsoestablishedexpectationstoensuretheirancestorswouldbegoodstewardsoftheland(p.7).Ifyouareunsure,havealookattheoriginalonpage7ofyourcoursereader.In-TextCitation:WebPagesCitingaWebpageisessentiallythesame.However,oftenyouwillbeusingthepagetitlebecausethereisnolistedauthor.Forexample:‘TotheGagudjupeople,theRainbowSerpentwascalledAlmudjandwasamajorcreatorbeing’(AustralianGovernment:CulturalPortal2021).ReferenceListAnthropology&SociologyDepartmentatTheUniversityofWesternAustralia2021,Globalchange,localresponses:anthropologicalandsociologicalperspectives,UniversityofWesternAustralia,Perth.AustralianGovernment:CulturalPortal2021,TheDreaming.Availablefrom:<://.au/articles/indigenous/dreamtime/>.[15February2021].Green,M&Saggers,S2007,‘Raceandreconci