被動語態(tài)的譯法

ReviewCanyouansweraquestionwhichIwanttoaskandwhichispuzzlingme?TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplacesIvisitedandthepeopleImet.ReviewCanyouansweraquestionwhichIwanttoaskandwhichispuzzlingme?我有個問題弄不懂，想請教你，你能回答嗎？TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplacesIvisitedandthepeopleImet.我去過一些地方，也遇到了一些人。要談起來，奇妙的事可多著呢。Lecture14

TranslationofPassiveVoiceI.AnIntroductiontoPassiveVoiceStructureofPassiveVoice英語中使用被動語態(tài)的頻率比較高，尤其是科技英語。根據(jù)英國利茲大學(xué)JohnSwales的統(tǒng)計，科技英語中的謂語至少三分之一是被動態(tài)。被動語態(tài)是客體型思維在語言中的表現(xiàn),主動語態(tài)是主體性思維的在語言中的表現(xiàn)（objectivethinking&subjectivethinking）II.TheTranslationofPassiveVoiceIntoChineseactivevoice(譯成漢語主動句)IntoChinesepassivevoice(譯成漢語被動句)IntoChinesesentenceswith

“把”、“被”、“由”III.IntoChineseactivevoice

(譯成漢語主動句)Thesenseofinferioritythatheacquiredinhisyouthhasneverbeentotallyeradicated.他在青少年時期留下的自卑感，還沒有完全消除。Mostofthequestionshavebeensettledsatisfactorily;onlyafewquestionsofsecondaryimportanceremaintobediscussed.大部分問題已經(jīng)圓滿地解決了，只剩下幾個次要問題需要討論。Computersmaybeclassifiedintoanaloganddigital.計算機可分為模擬計算機和數(shù)字計算機兩種。Energycanneitherbecreatednordestroyed,auniversallyacceptedlaw.能量既不能被創(chuàng)造，也不能被消滅，這是一條普遍公認(rèn)的規(guī)律。Fromtheearliestage,childrenshouldbeallowedtomakedecisionsandunderstandtheirconsequences.從孩子很小的時候起，就應(yīng)該允許他們自己做決定，并弄清楚其后果是什么。Aninterestingstudyofdomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrown.布朗曾經(jīng)做過一個關(guān)于夜班工人家庭生活和健康狀況的有趣研究。Thecontractualrightsandobligationswhichitembodieshavebeenaccepted,voluntarily,intheirmutualinterest,bythemembercountries.各成員國為了共同的利益，自愿地接受協(xié)定規(guī)定的契約權(quán)利和義務(wù)。Itwouldbeastonishingifthatlosswerenotkeenlyfelt.人們要是沒有強烈地感到損失，那倒是奇怪了。Mr.Billingscannotbedeferredfromhisplan.人們不能阻止比林斯先生實行他的計劃。Themoleculesofallmattersarebelievedtobemoving.人們確信，所有物質(zhì)的分子都在不停地運動。MyfirstthirtyyearswerespentinWesternAmerica.我的前三十年是在美國西部度過的。Rainbowsareformedwhensunlightpassesthroughsmalldropsofwaterinthesky.彩虹是陽光透過天空中的小水滴時形成的。TheshipwasdestinedforLondon.這艘船是去倫敦的。Thedecisiontoattackwasnottakeneasily.進(jìn)攻的決定不是輕易做出的。常用被動語態(tài)句型及翻譯定式Itissupposedthat…Itcanbeclearlyseenthat…Itshouldbenotedthat…Itmaybesafelysaidthat…Itmustbestressedthat…Ithasbeenprovedthat…Itwasestimatedthat…Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…Itwastoldthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itwillbeseenfromthisthat…Summary英語被動語態(tài)翻譯成漢語主動句時，有時原文的主語在譯文中可以作主語或賓語；有時可譯成帶表語的主動句；有時可譯成無主句。IV.

IntoChinesePassiveVoice

(譯成漢語被動句)

Currentwillnotflowcontinuously,sincethecircuitsarebrokenbytheinsulatingmaterial.電流不再繼續(xù)流動，因為電路被絕緣材料隔斷了。Anyminutewewouldsurelybespottedbyenemyplanesflyinginandoutoftheairfield.我們隨時都會被出入機場的敵機發(fā)現(xiàn)。Ithinkitlikelythatthetrainwillbedelayedbythedensefog.我覺得這趟火車有可能會因大霧而被耽擱。Theyweregivenaheartywelcome.他們受到熱烈的歡迎。Ourforeignpolicyissupportedbypeopleallovertheworld.我們的對外政策受到全世界人民的支持。Lastyeartheregionwasvisitedbytheworstdroughtin60years.去年這個地區(qū)遭受了六十年來最嚴(yán)重的旱災(zāi)。IwassoimpressedbythesewordsthatIusedthemlaterforaChristmascard.我深深地為這些話所感動，于是后來我就把他們寫在了圣誕賀卡上。Summary英語被動語態(tài)譯成漢語被動語態(tài)時，一般包含“被…”或“給…”,“遭到…”或“受到…”,以及“為…所…”等句型。V.IntoChineseSentenceswith

“把”、“使”、“由”Byeveningtheoccupationwascomplete,andthepeoplewerechasedoffthestreetsbyaneighto’clockcurfew.至傍晚，占領(lǐng)已告完成。八點鐘開始的宵禁把人們從街道趕走。Thefamoushotelhadbeenpracticallydestroyedbythebigfire.大火使這家有名的旅館幾乎全部毀滅。Mostlettersfromhiswife,arereadtohimbythenurseinthehospital.他妻子寄給他的信件，大多數(shù)是由醫(yī)院里的護(hù)士念給他聽的。Hewasregardedas

aRepublicanbyeverybody,eventhoughhehadalwaysthoughtofhimselfasan“Independent”.所有人都把他看作共和黨人，盡管他一直認(rèn)為自己是“無黨派人士”。Everycountrywillberepresentedbyitsprimeminister.各國都將