專題31 閱讀理解（任務(wù)型閱讀類）（壓軸題）（解析版）

1.【2014年福建省龍巖市中考】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題，并按要求完成第105題。ShouldShanghaibidfor(申辦)theSummerOlympicsin2028?Herearesomepeople’sopinions.Somepeoplesaid,“ThegameswillimproveShanghai’sglobalinfluenceandthecityispowerfulandmusttrytobecomeaplatform(平臺)formajorinternationaldialogues.ShanghaihassucceededinholdingtheWorldExpoin2010andthecitycanalsoholdasuccessfulSummerOlympics.”O(jiān)thers,however,arenotsurethatit’sagoodidea.TheythinktheOlympicswouldbetooexpensiveandthemoneycouldbebetterspentonotherthings.The2008BeijingOlympicsbroughtmuchprestige(聲望)tothecityandtoChina,butitscost,over$40million,washighandtheOlympicsite(場地)inthecenterofthecityisnowlargelyunused.CouldShanghailearnfromBeijing’sexperienceanddoitbetter?Myanswerisyes.AsoneAmericansaid,“Agreatcityhastodogreatthings.”Shanghaiisagreatcityandisnotafraidoffacingchallenges.Holdingthe2028SummerOlympicswouldprovethat.【小題1】WhendidShanghaiholdtheWorldExpo?【小題2】Whydon’tsomepeopleagreetobidforthe2028SummerOlympics?【小題3】Howmuchdidthe2008BeijingOlympicscost?【小題4】DoesthewriteragreetoShanghai’sbidding?【小題5】請將劃線句子翻譯成漢語?！敬鸢浮俊拘☆}1】In2010.【小題2】(Because)TheythinktheOlympicswouldbetooexpensiveandthemoneycouldbebetterspentonotherthings.【小題3】(Itcost)over$40million.【小題4】Yes,he/shedoes.【小題5】上海是個大都市，勇于（不懼怕）面對（接受）挑戰(zhàn)?！窘馕觥吭囶}分析：短文大意：這篇短文主要介紹了上海申辦2028年奧運會的話題.閱讀短文可知，有的人反對，是因為擔(dān)心花費巨大，不如把錢花在別的地方。支持的人認為這樣會提高上海的國際影響，并且上海也有舉辦這樣的世界盛會的經(jīng)驗?！拘☆}1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ShanghaihassucceededinholdingtheWorldExpoin2010描述，可知上海在2010年舉行了世博會。故答：In2010.【小題4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Holdingthe2028SummerOlympicswouldprovethat.描述，可知作者贊成上舉辦2028年夏季奧運會。故答：Yes,he/shedoes.【小題5】beafraidof害怕。故譯為：上海是個大都市，勇于（不懼怕）面對（接受）挑戰(zhàn)。考點：考查新聞報道類閱讀2.【2014年四川省內(nèi)江市中考】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成71—75題（請注意各問題后的字數(shù)要求）。CarFreeDayencouragesdriverstogiveuptheircarsforadaytoprotecttheenvironment.Peoplefromaroundtheworldgettogetherinthestreetstoremindtheworldthatwedon’thavetoacceptthesocietyfullofcars.Itwasfirststartedby34citiesinFranceandSeptember22isCarFreeDay.ThefirstCarFreeDayinChinawasinChengduin2001.Thesloganforthedayis“Ifwedriveforonelessday,wecanhaveonemoreniceday.”O(jiān)rganizedactivitiesareheldinmanycitiesonCarFreeDay.InBrussels,CarFreeDayshallbevalid(有效的)foreverybodyexceptpersonswithaspecialpermit(許可證)，buttheyhavetoslowdowntothespeedof30kilometersperhour.Thepublictransportationisfreeonthatday.InLondon,theyhavespecial“greenareas”.Walking,biking,andpublictransportationareencouraged.Thestreetsareopenonlytowalkers,bicyclesandbusesfrom7:00a.m.to7:00p.m.InBeijing,itasksdriverstoleavetheircarsathomeforonedayeachmonthandwalkorrideabiketowork.Moreandmorepeoplearejoiningintheactivity.Inthefirstquarterofthisyear,Beijingonlyhad52blueskydays,andyoumayseehaze(霧霾)almosteveryday!WemustdomoreforCarFreeDayasaBeijingdriversaid,“Wemaynotchangetheweather,butwecanchoosenottodrive.”Butwedonotwantjustonedayandthenareturnto“normal”life.WeshouldgoonwithCarFreeDay.【小題1】WherewasCarFreeDaystartedfirst?[within(不超過)twowords]____________________________________________________________________________.【小題2】HowlongshouldthecardriversnotdriveinthestreetsinLondononCarFreeDay?[withinthreewords]____________________________________________________________________________.【小題3】Who’sallowedtodriveonCarFreeDayinBrussels?[withinfivewords]____________________________________________________________________________.【小題4】WhatdoesCarFreeDayaskBeijingersnottodoeverymonth?[withinninewords]____________________________________________________________________________.【小題5】What’sthepurposeofCarFreeDay?[withinsevenwords]____________________________________________________________________________.【答案】【小題1】InFrance.【小題2】For12hours.【小題3】Personswithaspecialpermit.【小題4】(Itasksthem)nottodriveforoneday.【小題5】(Toencouragepeople)toprotecttheenvironment.(Tomakeaircleaner./Tohavemoreblueskydays.等等)【解析】試題分析：短文大意：這篇短文主要介紹了世界無車日的發(fā)起歷史，及在世界上各個國家的發(fā)展情況?！拘☆}1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itwasfirststartedby34citiesinFrance描述，可知第一次無車日是在法國發(fā)起的。故答：InFrance.【小題4】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InBeijing,itasksdriverstoleavetheircarsathomeforonedayeachmonthandwalkorrideabiketowork.描述，可知在北京要求北京人每個月至少有一天不開車上班。故答：(Itasksthem)nottodriveforoneday.【小題5】主旨大意題。閱讀短文可知，無車日活動的發(fā)起主要是為了保護環(huán)境。故答：(Toencouragepeople)toprotecttheenvironment.(Tomakeaircleaner./Tohavemoreblueskydays.等等)考點：考查科普環(huán)保類閱讀3.【2014年浙江省麗水市中考】閱讀以下內(nèi)容，完成第76—80小題。MayDayisthedaywhenwecelebratetheendofwinterandthearrivalofspring.It’satimeofnewlife,withnewleavesonthetreesandwildflowersgrowinginthewoodsandfields.Onthatday,childreninBritainandotherpartsofEuropeoftenmakeMaybasketsandhangthemonaneighbor’sdoorasagiftofloveandfriendship.Herearethestepsofmakingthiskindofbasket.Step1Foodpaperintoacone(圓錐形)andstickittokeeptheshape.Step2Cuttopoftheconewithscissors.Step3Maketwoholesonoppositesidesofthecone.Leave5cmformthetop.Step4Passribbon(彩帶)throughholesandtieittocreateabaskethandle.Step5Fillyourbasketwithdifferentkindsofflowers.根據(jù)以上制作步驟重新排列A、B、C、D四副圖片的順序，并將其編號填入76—79小題中。80.WhydochildreninEuropemakeMaybaskets?Becausetheywantto__▲__.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】C【小題5】showloveandfriendship/celebrateMayDay…【解析】試題分析：短文大意：這篇短文主要講述了五塑節(jié)的活動情況及五塑節(jié)禮品花籃的制作步驟?！拘☆}1】閱讀短文可知，第一步是將紙折成一個圓錐形，并固定好保持形狀，故選D?！拘☆}2】第二步是用剪子減掉圓錐的頂部，故選B?！拘☆}3】第三步是在距離圓錐頂部5厘米的地方在，在相對的兩邊打兩個孔。故選A?！拘☆}4】第四步是從這兩個孔里面穿過一條船彩帶，作為籃子的手柄。故選C?！拘☆}5】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)asagiftofloveandfriendship.描述，可知孩子們這樣做是為了象征愛和友誼。故答：showloveandfriendship/celebrateMayDay考點：考查政治經(jīng)濟文化類閱讀4.【2014年福建省莆田市中考】任務(wù)型閱讀根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成表格。（10分）AmericanTableMannersTablemannersaredifferentindifferentcountries.WhatispoliteinChinamaynotbepoliteintheUniteStates.ThesebasicruleswillhelpyouenjoywesternfoodwithyourAmericanfriends.Whenyousitdownatthetable,alwaysputthenapkinonyourlapfirst.Wheneatingsomethinginabowl,donotleavethespooninthebowl.Putitontheplateunderthebowl.Whenyouhavehadyourmeal,placeyourknifeandforkonthesideofyourplate.Duringthemeal,thehostesswillofferyouasecondhelpingoffood.Sometimesshewillaskyoutohelpyourself.Whensheoffersyoufood,giveheradirectanswer.Ifyourefusethefirsttime,shemightnotaskyouagain.Atthetable,askotherstopassyoudishesthatareoutofyourreach.Goodexpressionstoknoware:“Pleasepassmethe...”or“Couldyouhandmethe-please?”Thebestwaytolearngoodmannersistowatchothers.Observe(觀察)thewayyourwesternfriendseat.Thisisthebestwaytoavoidmakingmistakeswhenyouareunsureofwhattodo.TheBasicRulesofTableMannersinAmericaBeforethemealYoushouldputthenapkinonyour1first.Duringthemeal★Ifthehostessoffersyoufood,you'dbetteranswerher2.Shemightaskyoujustonce.★Youcanaskothersforhelpwhenthedishesare3yourreach.Afterthemeal★Afteryouhavethemeal,youshouldputthe4onthesideofyourplate.[來源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)]Thebestway★Ifyoudon'tknowhowtobehavewellattable,just5.Itworkswell.【答案】【小題1】lap【小題2】directly【小題3】outof【小題4】knifeandfork【小題5】watchothers/doasothersdo【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了美國的餐桌禮儀，在吃飯前要把紙巾放在大腿上，在吃飯期間如果主人給你提供食物，你要直接回答。在飯后，要把刀叉放在你的盤子的旁邊。當(dāng)不知道如何去做的時候應(yīng)該注意觀察其他的人的做法?！拘☆}1】根據(jù)alwaysputthenapkinonyourlapfirst.把紙巾放在大腿上，故用lap?！拘☆}2】根據(jù)Whensheoffersyoufood,giveheradirectanswer.可知如果主人給你提供食物，你要直接回答，這里用副詞修飾動詞，故用directly。【小題5】根據(jù)Observe(觀察)thewayyourwesternfriendseat.當(dāng)不知道如何去做的時候應(yīng)該注意觀察其他的人的做法，故用watchothers/doasothersdo?？键c：任務(wù)型閱讀。5.【2014年甘肅省蘭州市中考】任務(wù)型閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分l0分)仔細閱讀下面的短文并按要求完成76至80小題。Newrulesandbehaviorstandards(行為規(guī)范)formiddleschoolstudentscameoutinMarch.①Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?②Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebeststudentswon'tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon'tdyetheirhair,smokeordrink.Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.◆③Haveyouevercopiedothers'workinanexam?Don'tdoitagain.That'snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo.Ifyouhaveplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don'ttellyourparentsyouhavedoneyourhomework.◆Domoreatschool.④好學(xué)生熱愛動物，關(guān)心他人。AprilisBird-LovingMonthinChina.Isyourschooldoinganythingtocelebrateit?Youshouldjoin!Thatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutanimalsandlearntoprotectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowafriendinneedisafriendindeed.◆UsetheInternetcarefully.Tryto⑤awayfromWebpagesthatarebadforyou.FindgoodWebsitesandusethemforhomework.◆Beopentonewideas.Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranewplanetsomeday.Don'tlookdownonnewideas.⑥Youshouldwelcomethem.becausenewideasmakelifebetterforeveryone.【小題1】在橫線上填寫一詞，使文中①、②句合并為一句。Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethemostexcellentstudentsare.【小題2】選出文中③處的主題句。A.Don'tcheatinexams.B.Neverplaycomputergames.C.Tellthetruth.【小題3】將文中④句翻譯成英語。【小題4】在文中⑤處填寫一個單詞，使句意完整、上下文通順。【小題5】將文中⑥句翻譯成漢語。【答案】【小題1】who【小題2】C【小題3】Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareaboutothers.【小題4】stay/keep/be【小題5】你（們）應(yīng)該歡迎新的想法，因為它們使每個人的生活變得更加美好。【解析】試題分析：這段短文主要介紹了中學(xué)生新的行為規(guī)范。優(yōu)秀生的判定不再是只看高分，還有了一些新的標準，例如：誠實；熱愛動物，關(guān)心他人；正確使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)；開放的新思路。這些都是優(yōu)秀生的評選標準?！拘☆}1】考查賓語從句。合并后句意中學(xué)有一種新的方法來判斷誰是最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，根據(jù)原文分析，此處填who?！拘☆}2】主題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容敘述，考試中不作弊，不欺騙父母，這說明要誠實，故選C?！拘☆}3】漢譯英。根據(jù)所給的漢語句子“好學(xué)生熱愛動物，關(guān)心他人”可譯為：Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareaboutothers.考點：任務(wù)型閱讀理解。6.【2014年江蘇省淮安市中考】任務(wù)型閱讀（每小題2分）。CCTVreportedthateveryyearChinesepeoplethrowawayalotoffoodwhichcanfeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoomuchfood?Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgramme,therewere900millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2013.Aboutsixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.Sothinkaboutit.Weshouldsaynotopeoplewhowastefoodeveryday.Anoldsayinggoes,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork.”Ittellsuseverybodymustsavefood.[來源:Zxxk.Com]Luckily,anumberofpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsavingfood.LiHong,awaitressinarestaurantinJiangsu,oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson.Butmanypeoplewerebyhersideandcriticized(批評)thewasteoffood.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetostopwastingfood?Wecandomanythingstopreventitfromhappening.Herearesometips:Don'tordertoomuchfoodinarestaurant.Onlyorderasmuchasyoucaneat.Ifyoucan’teatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.Don’tbetoopicky(挑剔的)aboutfood.somefoodmaynotbetasty,butputbodyneedit.Don’tkeeptoomuchfoodathome,especiallyforfruitandvegetables.【小題1】Howmanyhungrypeoplewerethereovertheworldin2013?____________________________________________________【小題2】WhydidLiHongloseherjob?____________________________________________________【小題3】Whatshouldyoudoifyoucan’teatallthefoodyouaskfor?_____________________________________________________【小題4】Canyoukeeptoomuchfoodathome?______________________________________________________【小題5】What’sthemainideaofthepassage?_____________________________________________________【答案】【小題1】About900million【小題2】Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.【小題3】I/Wecantaketherestofithome【小題4】No, (I/Wecan’t)【小題5】Thereasonswecan’twastefoodandthewaystostopwastingfood【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了據(jù)聯(lián)合國世界糧食計劃署的報告，在2013年世界上仍然有9億人在挨餓。因此我們不要再浪費糧食了，短文給出了一些節(jié)約糧食的建議?！拘☆}1】根據(jù)therewere900millionhungrypeopleallovertheworldin2013.可知2013年有9億人挨餓，故用about900million?！拘☆}2】根據(jù)oncelostherjobbecauseshetooksomeleftover(剩余的)foodhomeforherson李紅因為把剩飯帶回家而丟了工作，故用Becauseshetooksomeleftoverfoodhomeforherson.【小題3】根據(jù)Ifyoucan’teatallthefoodyouorder,taketherestofithome.如果吃不完的話，應(yīng)該把剩下的飯菜帶走，故用I/Wecantaketherestofithome?？键c：任務(wù)型閱讀。7.【2014年江蘇省淮安市中考】Nowthereisafamilyproblem.Nearlyeveryparentsaysthatwenevergrowup.Infactweareprobably16or17yearsold.Intheireyes,wearealwayslittleonesandoftendowrongthings.Forexample,whenIneedtostayathomealone,theyalwaysworryaboutmeandmylifewithoutthem.Mostparentsalwaysthinkthattheyhaveofferedthebestthingstheycantomaketheirchildrenliveinacomfortableworld.Theybuytheirchildrenprettyclothes,coolshoes,everythingthattheycanfortheirdearchildren.Inreturn,theyonlywanttheirchildrentogetgoodresultsintheexams.Butwhystillcan’ttheirchildrenunderstandthem?Doesitmeanthatwestillwantmorematerialthings?No.Asamatteroffact,whatwewantisatruefamily.Whatdoesatruefamilymean”?Ithinkitmeansaplacewherewecanhideourselvesfromthecoldworldoutside.Fromhere,wecangetwarmth,wecangetconsolation(安慰),andwecangethappiness.Andoneimportantthingisthatweshouldbestrongerandmoreconfidentintheoutsideworldbecauseweknowthatwehaveatruefamily.SoIthinkthatparentsshouldsitdowntotalkwiththeirchildrentoletknowthattheyhaveatruefamily,sothechildrenandtheirparentscouldunderstandeachothermoreandmore.Then,parentswillnottreattheirchildrenaslittleones.【小題1】Intheeyesofmostparents,childrennever____________andseldomdo_____________.【小題2】Mostparentsalwaysthinkthey_______________thebestthingsfortheirchildrentoliveintheworld_______________.【小題3】Childrenstill_________________theirparentsbecausewhatchildrenneedmostisnotmaterialthingsbut_________________.【小題4】Mostparentswanttheirchildrentoget_________________intheexamswhiletheirchildrenwanttoget_______________.【小題5】Thewayto__________________betweenparentsandchildrenisthattheyshouldhavemorecommunicationwitheachother.Then,nochildrenwill______________aslittleones.【答案】【小題1】growup,dorightthings【小題2】haveprovided,comfortably【小題3】can’tunderstand,atruefamily【小題4】goodresults;warmth,consolationandhappiness【小題5】solvetheproblem,betreated【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了在當(dāng)今的社會父母認為他們能夠給孩子提供最好的東西，能夠使孩子過上舒適的生活，但是孩子仍然不理解父母，孩子們需要的不是物質(zhì)而是真正的家，是一個能給他們溫暖、安慰和幸福的家，那么解決父母和孩子之間的問題的方法就是父母和孩子多溝通，父母不要把孩子看成小孩。【小題1】根據(jù)Nearlyeveryparentsaysthatwenevergrowup及Intheireyes,wearealwayslittleonesandoftendowrongthings可知父母看來自己的孩子沒有長大，經(jīng)常做錯事情，故用growup,dorightthings?！拘☆}2】根據(jù)Mostparentsalwaysthinkthattheyhaveofferedthebestthingstheycantomaketheirchildrenliveinacomfortableworld.大多數(shù)父母認為他們能夠給孩子提供最好的東西，能夠使孩子過上舒適的生活。故用haveprovided,comfortably?！拘☆}3】根據(jù)whystillcan’ttheirchildrenunderstandthem?whatwewantisatruefamily孩子仍然不理解父母他們需要不是物質(zhì)而是真正的家，故用can’tunderstand,atruefamily?！拘☆}4】根據(jù)theyonlywanttheirchildrentogetgoodresultsintheexams.wecangetwarmth,wecangetconsolation(安慰),andwecangethappiness.可知父母想讓孩子成績好，而孩子想要的是家的溫暖、安慰和幸福。故用goodresults;warmth,consolationandhappiness?！拘☆}5】根據(jù)sothechildrenandtheirparentscouldunderstandeachothermoreandmore.Then,parentswillnottreattheirchildrenaslittleones.解決父母和孩子之間的問題的方法就是父母和孩子多溝通，父母不要把孩子看成小孩。故用solvetheproblem,betreated?？键c：任務(wù)型閱讀。8.【2014年江蘇省宿遷市中考】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填寫表格，每空限填一詞。Whyshouldstudentsplaysports?Somepeoplethinkthatstudentsplaysportsinordertogetexercise.Othersthinkitcanhelpstudentshavefun.Butthatisnotenough.Ifstudentsplaysports,theycangetmorethanhealthybodies.Why?Herearethreemorereasons.Studentswhoplaysportsdobetterinschool.Somepeoplethinkthatdoingexercisewilltakeupstudents’studytime.Butarecentstudyhasshownthatstudentswhoplaysportsgetbetterscoresinschoolthanthosewhodon’t.Exercisegetsstudentstolearn,rememberthingsandconcentratebetter.Studentswhoplaysportsdeveloptheirteamworkspiritsandlearnproblem-solvingskills.Whentheyareworkingtogetherwithotherstowingamesandreachgoals,they’relearninghowtobesuccessfulinpractice.Andtheseskillswillbeusefultothemforstudyortheirfuturework.Playingsportscanalsoimproveconfidence.Studentswhoplaysportsfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Whentheyknowtheycanimproveandreachtheirgoalsbypracticing,itbuildstheirconfidence.Andsportscanalsohelpthemcommunicatewithothersactivelyandmakenewfriends.Now,howaboutgoingouttoplaysportswithyourfriendseveryday?Whyshouldstudents(1)_________sports?CommonreasonsStudentsplaysportsto(2)_________exerciseorhavefun.More(3)________Playingsportshelpsstudentsget(4)________scoresinschool.Italsomakesthemlearn,(5)________thingsandconcentratebetter.Studentswhoplaysportscanlearnhowtobe(6)________inpractice.Studentsdevelopteamworkspiritsandlearnproblem-solving(7)________.Playingsportscan(8)_________confidence.Sportscanhelpstudents(9)_________withothersandmakenewfriends.AdviceStudentsshould(10)_________outtoplaysportswithfriendseveryday.【答案】【小題1】play【小題2】get【小題3】reasons【小題4】better【小題5】remember【小題6】successful【小題7】skills【小題8】improve【小題9】communicate【小題10】go【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了學(xué)生參加體育運動的原因，一是體育運動能夠有助于學(xué)生取到更好的成績，能夠使學(xué)生更加專心地學(xué)習(xí)。二是體育運動可以發(fā)展學(xué)生的團隊精神并且學(xué)會自己解決問題的技能。三是體育運動能夠提高學(xué)生的自信心。【小題1】根據(jù)短文第一句Whyshouldstudentsplaysports?可知學(xué)生為什么要參加體育運動，故用play?！拘☆}5】根據(jù)Exercisegetsstudentstolearn,rememberthingsandconcentratebetter.可知鍛煉能使學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)、記住東西和更加專心學(xué)習(xí)，故用remember?！拘☆}6】根據(jù)they’relearninghowtobesuccessfulinpractice.參加體育鍛煉的人學(xué)會如何在實踐中取得成功，故用successful。【小題7】根據(jù)Studentswhoplaysportsdeveloptheirteamworkspiritsandlearnproblem-solvingskills.參加體育鍛煉能夠發(fā)展學(xué)生的團隊精神并且學(xué)會解決問題的技能。故用skills?！拘☆}8】根據(jù)Playingsportscanalsoimproveconfidence.參加體育鍛煉能夠提高學(xué)生的自信心，故用improve?！拘☆}9】根據(jù)Andsportscanalsohelpthemcommunicatewithothersactivelyandmakenewfriends.可知參加體育運動可以幫助學(xué)生與其他的人交流并且也能交一些好朋友，故用communicate?！拘☆}10】根據(jù)howaboutgoingouttoplaysportswithyourfriendseveryday學(xué)生應(yīng)該每天和朋友出去參加體育運動，故用go?？键c：任務(wù)型閱讀。9.【2014年江蘇省徐州市中考】閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容在短文后的圖表中的空格里填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]EricandChenfirstmetintheirMathsclassatanAmericancollege.ChenwasaninternationalstudentfromChina.HewantedtolearnaboutAmericancultureandhopedheandEricwouldbecomegoodfriends.Atfirst,Ericseemedfriendly.HealwaysgreetedChenwarmlybeforeclass.SometimesheofferedtostudywithChen.HeeveninvitedChentoeatlunchwithhim.Butafterthetermwasoverandtheywereindifferentclasses,Ericseemedmoredistant.Theydidn’tseeeachotherverymuchatcollege.OnedayChencalledEric,ButEricdidn’tseemveryinterestedintalkingtohim,ChenwashurtbyEric’schangeofattitude（態(tài)度）.“Ericsaidwewerefriends.”Chensaid.“Ithoughtfriendswerefriendsforever.Asaforeigner,hedoesn’tunderstandthewayAmericansviewfriendship.Americansusetheword“friend”inaverygeneralway.Theirfriendshipisbasedoncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmaydie.NowasEricandChenarenolongerclassmates,their“friendship”haschanged.Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansastronglife-longtiebetweentwopeople—friendshipdevelopsslowly,sinceitisbuilttolast.Americanfriendshipdevelopsquickly,anditmaychangejustasquickly.LearninghowAmericansviewfriendshipcanhelpnon-Americansremovemisunderstandings（誤解）.ItcanhelpthemmakefriendsintheAmericanway.HowAmericansviewfriendship[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]AtfirstEricwas(3)▲:greetingChenwarmlybeforeclass;offeringtostudywithChen;(4)▲Chentohavelunchwithhim.Americansocietychangesquickly.(HowAmericansviewfriendshipAtfirstEricwas(3)▲:greetingChenwarmlybeforeclass;offeringtostudywithChen;(4)▲Chentohavelunchwithhim.Americansocietychangesquickly.(8)▲percentofAmericanfamiliesmoveeveryyear.Theirfriendshipdevelopsquicklyandmay(9)▲justasquickly.Insomecountriesfriendshipdevelops(7)▲:itmeansastronglong-lifetiebetweentwopeople.TheexplanationWhathappened?Afterthe(5)▲wasover,Ericchanged—hedidn’twantto(6)▲toChen.Chenwashurt.Chen:a(2)▲collegestudentintheUSEric:anAmericancollegestudent(1)▲?[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)][來源:Z*xx*k.Com]AmericanfriendshipisbasedoncommonAmericanfriendshipisbasedoncommon(10)▲.Learningthiscanhelppeopleunderstandeachotherbetter.【答案】【小題1】Who【小題2】Chinese【小題3】friendly/kind【小題4】inviting【小題5】term【小題6】talk/speak【小題7】slowly【小題8】Twenty/20【小題9】change/die/disappear/end【小題10】interest(s)【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了Chen去美國學(xué)習(xí)，想在那里了解美國的文化，他通過和Eric的接觸發(fā)現(xiàn)，美國的友誼和中國的不同，美國的兩人之間的友誼建立得快消失得也快。他們的友誼建立在有共同的愛好上?！拘☆}4】根據(jù)HeeveninvitedChentoeatlunchwithhim.可知他甚至邀請Chen和他在一起吃午飯，故用inviting?！拘☆}5】根據(jù)Butafterthetermwasoverandtheywereindifferentclasses,這個學(xué)期結(jié)束后，他們在不同的班級。故用term?！拘☆}6】根據(jù)Ericdidn’tseemveryinterestedintalkingtohim可知Eric不想和Chen說話，故用talk/speak?！拘☆}7】根據(jù)Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansastronglife-longtiebetweentwopeople—friendshipdevelopsslowly在一些國家，友誼發(fā)展地很慢，故用slowly?！拘☆}8】根據(jù)常識可知美國家庭有20%的家庭每年都會搬家，故用Twenty/20?！拘☆}9】根據(jù)Americanfriendshipdevelopsquickly,anditmaychangejustasquickly.美國人的友誼建立的快消失得也快，故用change/die/disappear/end。【小題10】根據(jù)Theirfriendshipisbasedoncommoninterests.可知他們的友誼建立在有共同的愛好，故用interest(s)?？键c：任務(wù)型閱讀。10.【2014年江蘇省鹽城市中考】閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成表格中所缺信息,每空一詞。Asateenager,you’retryingtolearnwhoyouare.You’regoingthroughmentalandphysicalchanges.You’redealingwithdifferentkindsofstressandtryingtosucceedinschool.Thegoodnewsisthatthoughtheteenyearsaretough,thereareskillsyoucanlearntomakethemaloteasier.Ifyou’reateenandtryingtomanageyourfeelingsbetter,hereareafewskillsforyoutodealwithyourfeelings.Namethefeeling.Whatfeelingareyouexperiencing?Forexample,areyousad,stressed.Angry,joyfulorexcited?Acceptwhatyou’refeeling.Manypeopleworrythattheirfeelingswillincrease.Sotheyarenotwillingtoacceptthem,hopingthatthey’lljustgoaway.However,that’simpossible.Remindyourselfthatit’sOKtofeelyourfeelings.Becomefamiliarwithyourfeelings.Tobetterunderstandyourfeelings,youshouldpayattentiontoyourfeelingsallovertheday.Youmayrecordhowyou’refeelinginthemorning,afternoonandatnightonapieceofpaper.Nexttoyourfeeling,alsowritedownwhereyounoticeitinyourbody.Expressyourfeelings.Expressingafeelingisagoodwaytoreduceit.Forexample,youcanexpressyourfeelingsbycrying,exercising,writingaboutthemortalkingtosomeoneyoutrust.Justbesurethatwhateveractivityyouchoose,itdoesn’thurtyouoranyoneelse.Atdifferenttimesinyourlife,you’llexperiencedifferentdifficulties.Butbylearningsomehelpfulskills,you’llbeabletoliveacomfortablelife.Howto1withYourFeelingsMainidea

Thoughtheteenyearsaretough,youcanlearnsome2tomanageyourfeelingsbetter.Skillsto3youmanageyourfeelings

Namethefeelingthatyouare4.

Bewillingto5yourfeelings.

Remindyourselfnotto6thatthefeelingwillgoaway.

Payattentiontoyourfeelingsthe7daybyrecordingthem.

Writedownwhereyounoticetheminyourbody.

Expressyourfeelingsthroughsomeactivitiesto8them.

Don’t9anyonewhateveractivityyouchoose.Conclusion

Learnsomehelpfulskills,andyoucanlive10eventhoughyoumayhavedifficultiesinyourlife.【答案】【小題1】Deal【小題2】skills【小題3】help【小題4】experiencing【小題5】accept【小題6】hope/expect【小題7】whole【小題8】reduce【小題9】hurt【小題10】comfortably【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了十幾歲的年輕人如何應(yīng)對自己的心情。一是給你的心情命名。二是接受你的心情。三是了解你的心情。四是表達你的心情。最后短文指出在人的不同的階段要經(jīng)歷很多困難，通過學(xué)習(xí)一些技能來使自己過上舒適的日子?！拘☆}1】根據(jù)hereareafewskillsforyoutodealwithyourfeelings.可知是如何處理自己的心情，這里dealwith處理，對付，故用deal.【小題2】根據(jù)thoughtheteenyearsaretough,thereareskillsyoucanlearntomakethemaloteasier.盡管十幾歲是非常難的，但是你能學(xué)會技能來使這些年過得很輕松。這里是短語learnskills學(xué)技能，故用skills?！拘☆}3】根據(jù)skillsyoucanlearntomakethemaloteasier.學(xué)會一些技能來幫助你應(yīng)對你的心情。helpsthdosth；故用help。【小題4】根據(jù)Namethefeeling.Whatfeelingareyouexperiencing?Forexample,areyousad,stressed.Angry,joyfulorexcited?給你的現(xiàn)有的心情命名，故選experiencing?！拘☆}7】根據(jù)Tobetterunderstandyourfeelings,youshouldpayattentiontoyourfeelingsallovertheday.Youmayrecordhowyou’refeelinginthemorning,afternoonandatnightonapieceofpaper.為了更好地了解你的心情，你整天要注意它，并且做好記錄。allovertheday.=thewholeday，故用whole?！拘☆}8】根據(jù)Expressingafeelingisagoodwaytoreduceit.Justbesurethatwhateveractivityyouchoose,itdoesn’thurtyouoranyoneelse.選擇做一些活動來緩解這種心情。reduce減少，緩解，故用reduce?！拘☆}9】根據(jù)whateveractivityyouchoose,itdoesn’thurtyouoranyoneelse.你選擇的任何活動不要傷害任何人。hurtsb傷害某人，故用hurt.【小題10】根據(jù)Butbylearningsomehelpfulskills,you’llbeabletoliveacomfortablelife.通過學(xué)習(xí)一些技能，你可以過上一種舒適的生活。liveacomfortablelife=livecomfortably過著舒適的生活。故用comfortably。考點：任務(wù)型閱讀。11.【2013湖北黃石】Whenwetalkofplants,mostofuswillthinkofthingsthatgrowfromthegroundandhavegreenleaves,butthereareplantsthatdonotlookoractlikeotherplants.Someofthesebelongtoaspecialclassofplantscalledfungi.Fungimayappearalmosteverywhere.①Theycommonlygrowinwetplaceswheretheycangetfoodandwatereasily.Becausefungidonothavegreenleavestomaketheirownfood,fungimusttaketheirfoodfromanimals,otherplantsorwater.Somefungiliveondeadorrottingwood,whileothersgrowonlivingtreesorindirtormoss(苔蘚).Mushrooms(蘑菇)arethebest-knownfungi.②Therearemanykindsofmushroomsappearinginallshapesandsizes.Forexample,cauliflowermushroomsarefoundinforestsfromJulytoOctober.Theycangrowtobeasheavyasfiftypounds!Theygrowatthefootoftrees.Squirrel’sbread(松茸)isanotherkindofwildmushroom.Itsappearanceandusecanexplainitsname.Thesefungilooklikesmallgoldencakes.Squirrelscaneasilyeatthemorcarrythemofftotheirholetoeatlater.③食品店里的蘑菇是人們精心種植的，可安全食用。Peoplearewarnednevertotouchortastewildmushrooms,becausesomeofthemaredeadly.Evenlessdangerousonescanstillmakeape