新概念英語第一冊第89-90

Lesson89

Forsale本課內(nèi)容單詞學習課文講解練習日常用語口語練習作業(yè)單詞學習believe v.相信，認為may 可以howlong 多長since prep.自從why adv.為什么sell v.賣，出售because conj.因為retire v.退休cost v.花費pound n.英鎊worth prep.值……錢penny n.便士★believev.相信，認為，想believesb相信某人的話believeinsb.信任某人我不相信你說的話。Idon’tbelieveyou.我們互相信任。Webelieveineachother.你應該信上帝。YoushouldbelieveinGod.believethat……我認為他是誠實的Ibelievethatheishonest.believeitornot(口語)Webelievethathewillsucceed.我們相信他會成功。Ibelievehimtobehonest.我認為他是誠實的。believe/believein/trustbelieve表示“相信”、“信以為真”（toacceptastrue）之意，它是及物動詞，其后直接跟賓語。例：Doyoubelievehisreports？你相信他的報告嗎？Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes．我?guī)缀醪荒芟嘈抛约旱难劬?。Inancienttimesitwasbelievedthattheearthwasflat．古時候，人們認為地球是扁平的。believein則表示“信仰”、“信任”（tohavefaithinsomebodyorsomething）之意。其后的常用搭配語為：有關宗教、理論、原則、概念及可信任之人，如：areligion、ghosts、fairies、atheory、afriend等詞；上例中的believe為不及物動詞。如：Wedonotbelieveinghosts．我們不信鬼神。Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise．他相信多鍛煉身體就會有好處。InthedaysoftheFrenchRevolution，peoplebelievedinliberty，equalityandfraternity．

['l?b?t?]

[?'kw?l?t?][fr?'t??n?t?]法國大革命時代的人們信奉自由、平等及博愛。trustvt.&vi.相信，信任;多表示相信某人的品德，為人和能力，側重人品Wehavealwaystrustedhim.我們一直都很相信他?，F(xiàn)在試比較下列兩語的不同涵義：Ibelievehim．（=Ibelievewhathesays）我相信他（的話）。Ibelieveinhim．（=Itrusthim）我相信他是一個可以信得過的人。（即：我信任他）在英美人的談話中，經(jīng)?？梢月牭竭@么一句口頭禪——Believeme：這是一個用以表示希望對方相信自己談話的口頭語，它相當于Ibet或Takemywordforit。例：Believeme，youwillgetwellverysoon．你一定會很快就恢復健康的。Believeme可以根據(jù)不同的場合，譯作“真的”、“我不騙你”、“一定會”或“請相信”。summarybelieve后跟人或話語，表示相信某人的話。側重相信某人所說的話/所做的事believein信任賓語有能力，能帶來福祉等。trust與believein意思差不多，但語氣較重，表示“深信不疑”。belive為相信，偏重對某事，在某件事上“相信”什么。trust為信任，偏重對人，對某人的人品的“信任”★sellv.賣，出售我把我的車賣給了他。Isoldmycartohim.我把我的車以5000元賣給了他。Isoldmycartohimfor5000yuan.★sale[seil]n.賣，促銷forsale待售，預售onsale打折salesman推銷員salesmanager銷售經(jīng)理★retire①v.退休；離職不久他將退休，結束其航海生涯。He’sgoingtoretiresoonfromthesea.②v.退出；退隱他周末通常退隱到他那個鄉(xiāng)間別墅生活Heoftenretirestohiscountryhouseatweekends.女士們離席退出，先生們則繼續(xù)喝酒聊天。Theladiesretired,andthegentlemenwentondrinkingandchatting.★costv.花費（物體做主語）這件外套30美元Thecoatcosts$30.這個房子多少錢？Howmuchdoesthishousecost?payfor……我花了30美元買這件外套。Ipaid$30onthiscoat.spendon他花很多錢用于買書Hespendsalotofmoneyonbooks.★worth①prep.相當于……價值，值……錢這條項鏈值多少錢？Howmuchisthenecklaceworth?everypennyofit確實值得……錢這件外套確實值這些錢。Thiscoatiswortheverypennyofit.②prep.具有……價值；值得beworthdoing值得……這本書值得一讀Tveone’sworth證明某人的價值★pennyTakecareofthepence,andthepoundswilltakecareofthemselves.留意小錢,大錢自來;小事留意,大事自成Apennyforyourthoughts.你呆呆地在想些什么呢?Inforapenny,inforapound.既為一文錢,就為一貫錢;一旦開始做,就做到底;一不做,二不休pencefromheaven天上掉下來的錢,意外的好運retireV.退休

thepastform:

retired

retireda.退休的Mygrandpa__________________for25years.Hehasbeena________worker,hasbeenretiredretiredthepastparticiple

form:retiredHowtoremembertheword?Myfatheristootiredandhewantstoretire.句型轉換：Theyretiredin1996.They___________since_____/for_________.haveretired199614yearsforsalen.待售1.Thecoatisforsale.2.Thehandbagisforsale.3.Theshoesareforsale.4.Thetrousersareforsale.Conclusion:(1)thesingularform(thecoat,thehandbag)+is+forsale(2)thepluralform(trousers,shoes)+are+forsalecostv.花費thepastform:costthepastparticiple

form:cost￥400￥

350￡68,500Howmuchisthishouse?Howmuchdoesthishousecost?Thehouseisforsale.Itcosts___.Theshoesareforsale.Theycost___.Thehandbagisforsale.Itcosts____.Doesthehousecost___?Dotheshoescost___?Doesthehandbagcost___?￡68,500It’swortheverypennyofit.prep.值……錢It’sworth￡68,500.It\They\Sthbeworth+price.1pound=pennies\pencepenny￡1≈￥9.8491pound100Exercise:1.that,be,worth,pairofshoes,￡322Thatpairofshoesisworth￡322.2.these,be,worth,shoes,￡322Theseshoesareworth￡322.Let’sfillintheblanks.Myfather-Ianhasjust______.Hewantstosellhishouse.Somyfather’shouseis___________.”Howmuchishishouse?”Ithas_____￡68,500.Butmyfatherbelievesthatit’s____every____ofit.retiredforsalecostworthpenny

NIGEL：Goodafternoon.Ibelieve

that

thisishouseisforsale.IAN:That'sright.beforsale有待出售Thishouseisforsale.beonsale打折Thedressesareonsale.動詞：sell（sold,sold）聯(lián)想：salesman,salesmanagerbelieve+that從句Ibelievethatthisnewsiswrong.2.believe+sb.Don’tbelievehim,Jimmywillhelpus.聯(lián)想：believein=trust信任

NIGEL：MayIhavealookatit,

please？IAN：

Yes,ofcourse.Comein.MayI…?比較正式的提出請求。MayIcomein?（firsttime）較熟悉后就可說：CanIcomein？24

NIGEL：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere？IAN：

I'veliveherefortwentyyears.NIGEL：Twentyyear！

That'salongtime.用完成時來表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)，常和for,since連用。HowlonghaveyoustudiedinNewIdeaSchool?—I’vestudiedthereforfouryears.可延續(xù)性動詞有：live,be,study,teach,wait25

IAN：

Yes,

I'vebeenheresince1976.NIGEL：Thenwhydoyouwanttosellit？IAN：

BecauseI'vejustretired.Iwanttobuyasmallhouseinthecountry.26NIGEL：Howmuchdoesthishousecost？IAN：

$68,500.NIGEL：That’salotofmoney!IAN：It’swortheverypennyofit.=“Howmuchisthishouse?”cost：物作主語Thecoatdoesn’tcost50Yuan.2.spend：人作主語Ispent50Yuanonthiscoat.一分錢一分貨。第一個“it”指“house”，第二個“it”指“money”。27NIGEL：Well,

Ilikethehouse.butIcan'tdecideyet.Mywifemustseeitfirst.IAN：

Womenalwayshavethelastword.decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.makeupone’smind下定決心課文講解Ibelievethatthishouseisforsale.=Ithinkthat.../Isupposethat...賓語從句I’mafraidthat.../Ihopethat...我擔心我要遲到了。I’mafraidthatIwillbelate.我認為到明年的這個時候我會升職的。IthinkthatIwillgetapromotionatthistimeofnextyear.forsale供出售，有待出售。onsale減價出售。MayIhavealookatit?havealookat=lookat看一看我想看一下那張地圖。Iwanttohavealookatthatmap.正式提出請求：MayI...?我能進來嗎？MayIcomein?較為隨意的請求方法：CanI...?CanIcomein？-Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?-I’velivedherefortwentyyears.

現(xiàn)在完成時，表示從過去開始的動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在?！癴or+時間段”是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志性時間狀語。你在那個學校多久了？我在那里學習了2年了。-Howlonghaveyoustudiedinthatschool?-I’vestudiedtherefortwoyears.Howmuchdoesthishousecost?詢問價格的常用語。cost的主語是物（花費人多少錢）也可以說Howmuchisthishouse?這些書多少錢？Howmucharethesebooks?Howmuchdothesebookscost?你那條裙子多少錢？Howmuchisyourdress?Howmuchdoesyourdresscost?cost、pay、spend和take的區(qū)別spend，cost，take和pay的區(qū)別是歷年中、高考試題的必考內(nèi)容之一，雖然它們都可以表示“花費”，但用法卻不盡相同。

spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結構：(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花費時間（金錢）。例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.

這道數(shù)學題花了我兩個小時。(2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花費時間（金錢）做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.

造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花錢買……。例：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.

他的錢用來買書了。cost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示“值”，常見用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢

某物花了（某人）多少錢。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.

買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋時間,

某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時間。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.

他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞。注意：cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動句。take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：(1)Ittakessb.＋時間＋todosth.

做某事花了某人多少時間。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.

他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。(2)doingsth.takessb.＋時間

做某事花了某人多少時間。例：

Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.

他花了一下午修車。pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢（給某人）買……。例：Ihavetopay(them)20poundsforthisroom

eachmonth.

我每個月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的錢。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.

我不得不賠丟失的書款。(3)payforsb.替某人付錢。例：Don'tworry!

I'llpayforyou.

別擔心，我會給你付錢的。(4)paysb.付錢給某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.

他們每月給我們報酬。（5）paymoneyback還錢。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextweek.

你能借給我12塊錢嗎？下周還你。（6）payoffone'smoney還清錢。Summary(1)spend的主語通常是人，往往用于以下句型：（sb）spendsomemoney/sometimeonsth.(sb)spendsomemoney/sometime(in)doingsth.例如：Ispentfiftyyuanonthecoat.=Ispentfiftyyuan(in)buyingthecoat.我花50元買了這件大衣。Hespentthreedaysonthework.=Hespendthreedays(in)doingthework.我干這項工作用了3天。(2)take常用于“占用、花費”時間，其主語通常為形式主語“it”或物。句式是：Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth＝Sth.takessb.sometime.例如：Ittookmethreeyearstodrawthebeautifulhorses.畫這些漂亮的馬花費了我3年時間。Theworkwilltakemetwodays.這項工作花了2天時間。(3)pay為“付款、賠償”之意，主語通常是人，往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)

例如：Ipaidfiftyyuanforthecoat.

我花50元買了這件大衣。Hehaspaidthedoctor50poundsforthemedicine.

他買藥已付醫(yī)生50英鎊。Howmuchdidyoupayhim?

你付他多少錢？take一般用it做主語，

Ittakes+sb．+時間（或錢）todosth．

spend一般是人做主語，

sb.spend…onsth．/indoingsth．cost的主語必須是某物（doing）sth.costs(sb.)＋金錢/時間pay一般是人做主語，

往往是sb.payssomemoneyforsth

或paysb.(somemoneyforsth)It’swortheverypennyofit.前一個it代指house，后一個it代指money。Ican’tdecideyet.這里yet也可以用于現(xiàn)在時否定句中，表示“迄今仍未”。下定決心decidetodosth.makeupone’sminddeterminetodosth.我決定要去云南旅行。Womenalwayshavethelastword.注意這里的word是“話”的意思，不要寫成words。havethelastword=havethefinalsay最后說了算。老板總是最后說的算的。Bossalwayshasthelastword.Lesson90

Haveyou...yet?practice模仿例句提問，并做出否定回答。Hereadthisbooklastweek.Didhereadthisbooklastweek?Hedidn’treadthisbooklastweek.1.Thesunsetattwentypastseven.2.Heatehislunchatoneo’clock.3.Theydidtheirhomeworklastnight.2023/2/5Didthesunsetattwentypastseven?Itdidn’tsetattwentypastseven.Didheeathislunchatoneo’clock?Hedidn’teathislunchatoneo’clock.Didtheydotheirhomeworklastnight?Theydidn’tdotheirhomeworklastnight.4.Hecamebycarthismorning.5.Thesunroseathalfpastfive.6.Weswamacrosstheriveryesterday.模仿例句回答問題。Didyoureadthisbooklastweek?Yes,Ireadthisbooklastweek.WhataboutPenny?Hehasn’treadthisbookyet.2023/2/5Didhecomebycarthismorning?Hedidn’tcomebycarthismorning.Didthesunriseathalfpastfive?Thesundidn’triseathalfpastfive.Didyouswimacrosstheriveryesterday?Wedidn’tswimacrosstheriveryesterday.1.Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight?WhataboutTom?2.DidMrs.Jonesgotothebutcher’sthismorning?WhataboutMrs.Willams?2023/2/5Yes,Ididmyhomeworklastnight.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.Yes,shewenttothebutcher’thismorning.Shehasn’tbeenthereyet.3.Didyouspeaktohimyesterday?WhataboutSusan?4.DidGeorgeswimacrosstheriveranhourago?WhataboutSan?2023/2/5Yes,Ispoketohimyesterday.Shehasn’tspokentohimyet.Yes,heswamacrosstheriveranhourago.Hehasn’tswumacrosstheriveryet.5.Didyouseethatfilmyesterday?WhataboutSanandPenny?6.DidTomtakeoffhisshoesamomentago?WhataboutFrank?2023/2/5Yes,Isawthatfilmyesterday.Theyhaven’tseenthatfilmyet.Hehasn’ttakenhisshoesyet.Yes,hetookoffhisshoesamomentago.Homework:

1.聽錄音三十分鐘2.朗讀背誦課87—883.聽寫87—88，錯詞51114.完成87—88課的一課一練2023/2/5practice1Theyhavealreadyarrivedattheairport.2)ShehaslivedinBeijingsince2000.Theyhaven’tarrivedattheairportyet.Havetheyarrivedattheairportyet?Y