新概念二第40課課件xin

WelcomebackGladtoseeyouagain！“You’vealreadygotwell,haven’tyou?”sheasked.

Sheasked________.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadn’tyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.

B

2.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_________.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember

B.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.C3.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”Heasked_______.A.howamIgettingalong

B.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalong

D.howwasIgettingalongC4.Heaskedme________withme.

A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.what’sthematterD.whatthematterwasD5.Hesaid,“Don’tdothatagain.”He_____me_______thatagain.A.saidto;nottodoB.saidto;don’tdoC.told;don’tdoD.told;nottodo

D6.

Can

you

make

sure

___________?A.

that

he

will

come

here

today

B.

when

he

will

come

here

todayC.

will

he

come

here

today

D.

whether

will

he

come

here

todayA7.

Do

you

know

________?A.

where

is

her

address

B.

in

which

place

is

her

addressC.

what

her

address

is

D.

the

place

her

address

isC8.

Excuse

me,

but

can

you

tell

me

___________?A.

where

can

I

get

to

the

library

B.

where

I

can

get

to

the

libraryC.

how

can

I

get

to

the

library

D.

how

I

can

get

to

the

libraryD9.

John

asked

me

_______

to

visit

his

uncle’s

farm

with

him.A.

how

would

I

like

B.

if

or

not

would

I

likeC.

whether

I

would

like

D.

which

I

would

likeC10.

I’d

like

to

know

________

Chinese.A.

when

he

began

to

learn

B.

when

did

he

begin

to

learnC.

when

did

he

begin

learning

D.

for

how

long

he

began

to

learnAGrammar直接引語(yǔ)and間接引語(yǔ)在日常交流中，有時(shí)我們需要引述別人的話。直接引用別人的原話（放在引號(hào)內(nèi)）就是直接引語(yǔ)，用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語(yǔ)。2)句式/連詞直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)“闖五關(guān)”第一關(guān)：人稱代詞人稱的變化——“一主、二賓、三不變”。第二關(guān).指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、方向性動(dòng)詞的變化第三關(guān)：引導(dǎo)詞

1.如果直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用連詞that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

2.如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)。

3.如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。第四關(guān)：時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果主句為現(xiàn)在（或?qū)?lái)）時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不變；如果主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)地用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如：Hesays,“IamgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.”HesaysthatheisgoingtoBeijingtomorrow.2.Shesaidtome,“LiPingwillcometomorrow.”ShetoldmethatLiPingwouldcomethenextday.溫馨提示：如果轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容是客觀真理時(shí)，自然現(xiàn)象或是諺語(yǔ)、格言時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Hesaid,“Waterboilsat100℃.”Hesaidthatwaterboilsat100℃.主句（直接引語(yǔ)）是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變；主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)要改為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)。第五關(guān)：句子結(jié)構(gòu)的變化直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序。引導(dǎo)詞要放在間接引語(yǔ)的最前面，接下來(lái)按“主謂賓”順序排列。即：直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)序HeaskedMike,“Wheredidyougo?”HeaskedMikewherehehadgone.Lesson40

Foodand

talk【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)

★hostessn.女主人

actor男演員/actress女演員

host男主人

host(v.)作為主人,主辦

★unsmilingadj.不笑的unsmiling:un+smiling不笑的,但并不一定表示"嚴(yán)肅"seriousadj.嚴(yán)肅的,認(rèn)真的,嚴(yán)重的:

Myfatherisserious.

【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)

★tightadj.緊身的theshoesaresmallandtight(夾腳,很緊)tightsn.貼身襯衣,緊身衣,女用連褲襪tightjeans緊身牛仔褲★fixv.凝視fix(沒(méi)有凝視的概念),①固定②修理:

fixthepictureonthewallfixone'seyesonsth盯著...,目不轉(zhuǎn)睛習(xí)慣用被動(dòng),表達(dá)為:one'seyesbefixedonsth

Alltheeyeswerefixedontheblackboard所有的眼睛都盯著黑板

【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)

★globen.地球globe球狀物,如地球儀/earth地球globaladj:全球的:globalproblem全球性的問(wèn)題★despairn.絕望despairn.絕望,失望,令人失望的人(事物)vi.絕望disappointvt.使失望

indespair絕望的

【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)

sb./sth.isthedespairof...

Theboyisthedespairofhisparents.那男孩的父母對(duì)他感到絕望了

Thisboyishismother'sdespair.這個(gè)男孩使他媽絕望了.

Theexaminationwasthedespairofme.Theexaminationwasmydespair.我對(duì)考試已經(jīng)絕望了

精品句賞析：1.ThehostessaskedmetositnexttoMrs.Rumbold.asksbtodosth“在附近”：nextto,beside,by,closeto,near,nearby等.Themannexttomewasdrunktoomuch.坐在我旁邊的那個(gè)男人喝太多Theysangsongsbythecampfire.他們圍著篝火在唱歌.2.Hereyeswerefixedonherplateandinashorttime,shewasbusy

eating.bebusywithsth

忙于某事bebusydoingsth

忙于做某事becarefulwithsth

小心某事becarefuldoingsth

小心做某事Heisbusywashingclothes.Mybrotherisbusywithhishomework.3.“Anewplayiscomingto‘TheGlobe’soon,”Isaid.“Willyoubeseeingit?”(1)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表示接近的未來(lái)，“即將會(huì)”。用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)提問(wèn)，尤其是提出問(wèn)題但又不想迫使對(duì)方做出明確答復(fù)時(shí)，將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)可以顯得比一般將來(lái)時(shí)will更委婉客氣。3.Lastweekatadinnerparty,thehostessaskedmetositnexttoMrs.Rumbold.介詞at通常用于小型集體活動(dòng)之前，比較大型的活動(dòng)會(huì)用介詞in。atameeting（在會(huì)議上）；ataconcert（在音樂(lè)會(huì)上）；atawedding（在婚禮上）等等。4Mrs.Rumboldwasalarge,unsmilingladyinatightblackdress.

Unsmiling的反義詞是smiling（微笑的，喜氣洋洋的）。有些形容詞前面可以加上前綴un－l來(lái)表示相反的意思，比如：comfortable－uncomfortable；true－untrue；interesting－

uninteresting等等。

In在這里表示“穿什么衣服”。這種用法我們?cè)诘?7課就學(xué)過(guò)了，還記得這個(gè)句子嗎：

Intheplay,shemustappearinabrightreddressandlongblackstockings.5.ShedidnotevenlookupwhenItookmyseatbesideher.Takeaseat和takeone’sseat都表示“讓某人坐下”，這種用法要比sitdown更加正式。beside我們前面的課程已經(jīng)反復(fù)提到了：by/beside是貼近的旁邊；而near是有一段距離的附近。所以，句子中的beside可以用by互換4.Hereyeswerefixedonherplateandinashorttime,shewasbusyeating.Itriedtomakeconversation.“Hereyeswerefixedonherplate”是個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)該是：Shefixedhereyesontheplate.來(lái)一起看看fix這個(gè)單詞：這里需要我們要記住的最基本的意思有：a.修理相當(dāng)于repair。Imustgettheradiofixed.我必須請(qǐng)人把收音機(jī)修好。b.使固定Hefixedthepictureonthewall.他把畫(huà)固定在墻上。Thechairwasfixednexttothedesk.椅子被固定在桌子旁邊。c.使…集中；盯著看我們常用fixone’seyes『attention』on的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)“使…集中；盯著看；注意；注視”的意思。Shefixedhereyesontheclock.她眼睛盯著鐘看。此外，我們?cè)谌粘Ｊ褂弥校瑫?huì)經(jīng)常用到一個(gè)“fixup”的固定搭配。它的意思是“安排；解決；給…安排住處”等。比如：We’llhavetofixupatimetomeet.我們必須安排一個(gè)時(shí)間見(jiàn)面。We’vefixedupourlittledifferencessatisfactorily.我們已經(jīng)圓滿的解決了我們之間的小矛盾。I’llfixyouupforthenight.今晚我會(huì)安排你住處的。Fix還可以用來(lái)表示準(zhǔn)備食物或飲料，如：Willyoufixsupper?/CanIfixadrink?Makeconversation--攀談[make&do]makea)make可以用來(lái)表示“創(chuàng)造”、“制作”和“產(chǎn)生、生產(chǎn)”如：Godmadetheworld.上帝創(chuàng)造了世界。Breadismadefromflour.面包是由面粉制作的。Don’tmakesomuchnoise.不要弄出那么大的聲音。b)用作使役動(dòng)詞，表示“使(cause)”,用于“make+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形”的句型：Thesunmakestheplantsgrow.陽(yáng)光使得植物生長(zhǎng)。c)作出（某種舉動(dòng)），和某些名詞連用時(shí)，意義上等于相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞：makenodifferencemakeaneffortmakeareplymakeadecisionmakeprogressmakeconversationmakeapromisemakeapoem/makeaplanmakemoneymakeaspeechmakethebed/makeone’sfortunemaketroublemakeamistakemakeajourney/tripmakefriendsmakeupone’sminddoa)可以用來(lái)代替一些常用動(dòng)詞如paint,study,wash,tidy,clean,comb,brush等，意思必須根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容和它的賓語(yǔ)來(lái)決定：dotheroomdothedishesdoone’shairdoone’snailsdoone’steethdoone’sbestdoone’sdutydosbafavourdooddjobsdobusinessdoapainting/portraitb)do(+some/the)+動(dòng)名詞dothecleaningdoshoppingdothewashing-updosomereading6.Indespair,Iaskedherwhethershewasenjoyingherdinner.這里indespair是副詞，表示“失望之中”。比如：IspenthourstryingtofixtheTV,butgaveupindespair.我花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)修電視機(jī)，但是失望地放棄了。同時(shí)，這句Iaskedherwhethershewasenjoyingherdinner.也是我們上節(jié)課所講到的“疑問(wèn)句間接引語(yǔ)”的語(yǔ)法。7.‘Youngman,’sheanswered,‘ifyouatemoreandtalkedless,wewouldbothenjoyourdinner!’課文的最后一句涉及到這課我們要講的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：非真實(shí)條件句。If所引導(dǎo)的條件句使用的是eat和talk的過(guò)去時(shí)ate和talked，表示所假設(shè)的事情是與現(xiàn)在的已知事實(shí)相反。（實(shí)際上作者是吃的少，說(shuō)的多。）而后面的主句也同樣使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，表示一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件句if條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實(shí)條件句，假設(shè)的情況是可以發(fā)生的；一類為非真實(shí)條件句。表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

語(yǔ)氣就是我們常說(shuō)的說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話的口氣。在漢語(yǔ)中，語(yǔ)氣是由說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)調(diào)、情節(jié)等等表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的，動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有任何變化。而在英語(yǔ)中，除了語(yǔ)調(diào)之外，最主要的是動(dòng)詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同的語(yǔ)氣。在英語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)氣分為三類：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈使語(yǔ)氣、虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬語(yǔ)氣：如果我們所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，也不是要求、命令、勸告等，而只是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想就用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

1.真實(shí)條件句從句主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主+shall/will+v.原Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisbag.

條件句2.非真實(shí)條件句（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)主+should/would+v.原Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpme.

(2)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，或者將來(lái)不可能發(fā)生的從句主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)主+should/would+v.原Ifitsnowedtomorrowed,Iwouldstayathome.

3)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：從句主句過(guò)去完成時(shí)should/would+haveVedIfhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.假如他早點(diǎn)起身的話，他本來(lái)能趕上那趟火車。

1.Therice______ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothaveburntD.wouldnotburnt2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSaturday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented3.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome4.______forthefreetickets,Iwould