2023年英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況試題庫(kù)

英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況試題庫(kù)I.Reａdｔheｆｏｌlｏwinｇunfiｎiｓhedstatemｅntｓoｒquｅｓtｉonscaｒｅfuｌlｙ.Foreacｈunfｉｎishｅdｓtatementoｒｑuestion,fourｓuggｅｓtedaｎswersmarkedＡ,B,CanｄDａregiven.Chooseｔｈeonethaｔyoｕthiｎｋbｅstcompleteｓthｅstatementorａnswerstｈeｑuestion.Writetｈeｌettｅroｆtheansｗerｙouhaｖecｈosｅninthｅcorｒｅsｐoｎｄingspaceontheaｎsｗerｓｈｅe(cuò)t.（10%)1.ＴｈeＣonstitｕtionofｔhｅUｎiｔｅdＳtateswaｓfraｍｅdｉnPhilａdｅlｐhiain_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿.A.1776B.１7８3Ｃ２.ＩnthｅUnｉｔedStates,theDｅpａrtｍenｔｏf__＿_(dá)__ａｄviｓestheＰresidentonforeiｇｎrｅlations.A.DｅfenseB.Stａt(yī)ｅC．CommｅrcｅD．Labｏｒ3.RepresｅntａｔiveｓinｔｈeUnitesStaｔesareeｌｅcted＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿.A．a(chǎn)ｎnｕａllyB.eｖeｒｙｔwoｙｅarｓC．everyｔhreeyeaｒｓD.everyfｏuryｅａｒs4.Whiｃhofthｅfollowinghasｔｈｅｐowertomａkefeｄｅraｌｌawsandlevｙｆederａltaxeｓ?A．TheｅxeｃutiｖeＢ.ThelｅgislaｔiveC.ThｅｊudiｃiaｌD．Thepresidｅnt5.TheＮewＤeａlwａsstartedby_＿_(dá)____＿.A.FrankliｎD．ＲoｏｓｅｖeltB．J.Ｆ．KenｎedyC.ＧeorgeWashiｎgtoｎD.ThomasJｅffeｒson6.ＷhichｏfthefｏllｏwinｇisNOＴｒｅgaｒdedasoneofthethreebasiｃrelｉｇｉoｕsbeｌiｅｆs?A.PrｏtestaｎtｉsmＢ.CatholｉcismC．IslaｍＤ．Jｕdaism７．WhｉｃｈoｆｔhefolｌowｉngiｓＮOTapｏwerofｔhePreｓidｅｎtｉntheU.S．?Ａ.ToｖｅtｏｔhebｉｌｌspａｓｓeｄｂytheＣongressB．ToappointｆederaljudgesｗheｎvaｃanｃieｓoccurC.ToｐroposeleｇｉｓｌatｉontotheＣongｒesｓD．Ｔoｍaｋelaws8．ＴhefirstCatholicPresidentinｔheU.Ｓ.ｗas_____＿_(dá)．A.JoｈnＦ.ＫennｅdyB.ＧｅorgeＷaｓhｉngtonC.AbrahamLinｃolnＤ.GeorgeＷ.Buｓh9．Duetohisｆirmbeliｅfｉnｎon-vioｌeｎｔｐeａｃefulproｔestｉｎtｈｅspiritoｆInｄiａ’sｌeaderGaｎdhi,＿_(dá)_____ｗasawardｅdｔheNobelPeaceＰrｉzｅiｎ1９64.A.ＭａlｃolmXB.JoｈｎF.KｅnnedyＣ.MartｉnLutｈerKiｎｇ，Jr.D．JamesFarｍeｒ10．Iｎ197２,U.S.Pｒｅｓident_____madeaｔｒiｐtoChinaｔoimprovｅreｌaｔｉonsｗithtｈePeople’ｓRｅpｕｂlicofChｉna.A.CarｔeｒＢ.ＴrｕmanC.BｕｓｈＤ.Ｎixoｎ11._＿_(dá)_____ｗｅｒetheａncestｏrsｏｆtheEnｇｌisｈandthefoundersofEnglａnd.A.ThｅAｎglo-ＳaxonｓB．ＴｈeＮormansC．ThｅDanishＶiｋｉnｇsＤ.TheRomaｎｓ12.____＿_(dá)__iｓthesmallｅｓｔoｆthｅfｏurpaｒｔsofGreａt(yī)Bｒiｔain．A．EnglａndＢ.ＷalｅsＣ.SｃoｔlandD.NorthernIｒｅｌanｄ１3．AｌlofｔhefollowinｇaｒeｍajoｒnaｔionalpartiｅsinGｒeatBｒｉtａiｎexｃepｔ＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)__＿.A．theＣonsｅrvatｉvePartｙB．theLabourPartｙＣ.tｈeLｉｂｅraｌDeｍｏｃratsD.thｅRepｕblicａnＰａrｔｙ14．ＩnBrｉtain,a“voteｏfnoｃoｎfidｅnce”ｉsdeｃideｄby___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__.A.theＨouｓｅofComｍonｓB.ｔhｅＨouseofLordsＣ.tｈｅtwomajorpartiesD.thｅPrimeＭinister15.InBrｉtain,thegｒeａt(yī)majｏrityｏｆｐａrｅntssｅndtheｉrchｉｌdrento＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)____＿_(dá).A.privateｓｃhoｏlsB．indepｅndeｎtschｏolsC．stateschoｏｌｓD.publiｃscｈoｏｌs１6.Thrｏｕｇhthｅｅxamｉnationｃalled“tｈe１1pｌus”,ｓtuｄentswiｔhacademicpoｔentialgotｏ_＿_(dá)＿＿．Ａ.gｒaｍmａｒsｃhoolｓB.comprehｅnsｉveschooｌsC.pubｌicschoolsD.ｔechnicalschools17.WhiｃhoftheｆollowingisnｏtiｎｖolvediｎmaｋiｎgtｈefｏreｉｇnｐｏｌicyinＢｒitaｉn?Ａ.TheQｕeenB.TheFoｒeignandＣommonwealthOffｉｃeC．ThePrimｅMinisterandｔｈeＣabinetD.TｈｅＭinｉstrｙofDｅｆenｃｅandｔheTreａsｕｒｙ１８．ＷhiｃｈgroupofｐeｏpleCANNOTvotｅinthegeneralelectioｎ？Ａ．ＭemberｓintheHousｅofCｏmmonsＢ.LordsｉｎthｅHouｓeｏfＬordｓC.TheＵKciｔｉzenｓａｂovethｅageｏf18D.TｈeＵKｒeｓidｅntcitｉzenｓoftheＩrish1９.Halloｗeeniｓceｌebratedon__________.A.October31sｔB.Novｅmｂer5thC.Marｃh17thD.Deｃembeｒ25tｈ2０.AｌｌofthefｏllｏwｉngｗasinventedｉnBritainexcｅｐt________.Ａ.ｆooｔｂallB.ｔenniｓC.bａskeｔballD.crickｅｔＩI.Dｅfineｔerms１.BｉllofRｉghtsｉntｈｅUniｔeｄStatｅs[ＴheBillｏfRｉghｔscｏｎｓｉstsoｆtｈefｉrsttenamｅndｍenｔsｗｈiｃhweｒeaddedtotheCoｎstitutｉonin1７91.Itwaｓｐassedtoguaraｎteｅfrｅe(cuò)domaｎdinｄｉviduaｌriｇhtsｓuｃｈasｆreｅdｏｍｏfｓpｅe(cuò)ch,therｉｇｈｔtoassembｌｅinpublｉｃplaces,thｅｒightｔｏｏwnwｅａｐonsandsoon.]2．Ｊudicialreｖiew[JudｉcialreviewｒeferstothepowerｏfthｅSuｐremｅCoｕrttｏdecideｗｈetｈercongrｅsｓｉonallegiｓｌａt(yī)ioｎｏｒeｘecｕtiｖeａctioｎviolateｓtheConｓtitutiｏn．]3.ＴhesｔrategyofpreemｐtioninU.S.foｒeignｐolicy[IｔiｓａlsoｋnｏwnastheBｕshDoctｒｉnｅ.InanaｄdrｅssdelivｅredtｏtｈｅＷｅsｔPｏintgｒaduａt(yī)ｅｓ,PrｅｓｉdentBush,fｏrthefirｓttime,pｕｔforwaｒdthｅstraｔegyoｆpreｅmｐtｉｏn.Ｂyｐreｅmpｔioｎ,theUＳmeansthatwｈｅnitdetｅrmiｎeｓthatacouｎtrｙwｈiｃhｉsrepｒessiveandhosｔilｅtotheUShasacqｕirｅdｏrpｒoducedweapoｎsoｆmasｓdｅstrｕctioｎorhasthepｏtenｔiaｌtoｈavｅsuchweapons,ｔheＵSｓhoｕlduseforｃｅｔoｒeｍｏvｅthisｔhｒeａt(yī)toUＳsecｕriｔyandsｈouｌdnotｗaittilltｈedaｎｇerbecｏｍesｉmｍｉｎeｎtoruntiltheＵSiｓattacked.]4.TｈｅHｏuseｏfLords［TｈｅHouseofLｏrdｓcｏnsistsoftheLorｄＳｐiｒｉｔual,ｗhｏａrｅtｈeAｒｃhbｉshoｐsandmostｐromineｎtbiｓｈopsofｔhｅCｈurchofEnｇland;anｄtｈeLordsＴemporａｌ，whｉcｈrｅfｅrstoｔｈoｓelorｄswhoeitherhaveiｎheriteｄthesｅatfｒoｍtheiｒforefaｔhersｏｒhavebeenaｐpoｉｎted.Thｅlordsmainlyrepreｓｅntthｅｍsｅlｖesｉnstｅaｄoftheiｎterestsofthｅpublic.］5．Ｃomｐreｈensｉｖeschoolｓ(ｉｎBriｔain)[ComprehensiveschｏolsａｒｅthｅｍostpopｕlaｒｓecｏｎｄaｒyｓchooｌｓinＢritａｉnｔoｄａｙ.Sｕchschoｏlsａdmiｔｃhildrｅnｗitｈoｕtrｅferencetｏtheirａｃadｅmicaｂiｌitｉｅsandｐrovideaｇｅnerａledｕcatiｏn.Pupilscａｎstｕdyeｖｅｒyｔｈingfrｏmacaｄemｉcsubｊectsｌｉｋeliterａｔｕｒetｏmｏｒeｐracticalｓubjｅctslikeｃoｏｋｉｎg.］6.Coｎｓtitutionalmoｎarchy(iｎBｒｉtaｉn)[Constｉｔuｔionalmonaｒｃｈｙisamonarchyinｗhichthｅpoｗersoftherｕlerarerｅstrｉcｔedtothosegranｔｅdunｄerthecｏnstiｔutiｏnanｄlａwｓofthenａt(yī)ioｎ.InBriｔaｉn，tｈeQueenｉstheoffｉｃiａlheａｄoｆstａt(yī)e,ｂuthｅrpoｗersarelargｅｌytrａｄiｔionalａnｄｓyｍbｏｌic.Tｈeconstiｔutｉonａｌｌocａt(yī)estｈerｅsｔofｔhegovｅrnmenｔ’spoweｒtoｔheｌegislaｔurｅandjudｉciaｒy．］7.Fedｅralism［Afｅdｅralsystemisoｎｅinwｈichｐowｅriｓｓharedbｅｔweeｎaｃentralauthorityandｉtsconｓtｉtuｅｎｔpaｒts,ｗithｓomeriｇｈtsｒeserｖｅdｔoeaｃh.]8.Couｎtercultuｒe[IｎtheｗaｋeofthｅＦｒeeＳpeeｃhＭoveｍｅntandtｈｅNewLeft,ｔhereaｐpｅａｒedａphｅnomenonthａt(yī)hｉstoriansｃaｌlｅdthｅcｏunterculture.ItreｊectｅdcapｉtalismａnｄoｔｈｅｒAｍeｒiｃanprinciples．Ｔheｙhaｄmoralｓdｉfｆerentｆｒｏｍtｈoｓｅtaughtｂyｔｈｅirparents．Sｏｍegrｏupsofyoｕｔhｔrｉeｄtocｏｎstｒuctdｉffereｎtwａysoｆlｉfe.Amongthemostfaｍｏuswerｅthehippies.Tｈeysｏughtnｅwexpeｒｉencetｈroughdroｐpingouｔaｎddrｕgtakｉnｇ.Ｂutｉtｗasｍuｓｉc,rｏckmｕsｉcinｐａｒtｉcular,thatbecａｍethechiｅfveｈicｌeforｔhecｏuntｅｒculturａlasｓａｕｌtonthetｒadiｔioｎalＡｍeriｃansociｅｔy.Thecｏuｎtｅrcultureexertedagreatｉnfluenceｕponpeople’sａt(yī)titｕdesｔowａrｄsoｃｉalｍoｒａls,ｍarriages,caｒｅｅｒａndsuｃcｅsｓ.]9．AｆfｉrmａｔivｅAction［Itisaproｇraｍthaｔsｅｅkstｏredｒessｐａsｔｄｉsｃriminationtｈroughactivemｅａsurestｏensureequａｌｏpportｕnity，asｉneducaｔiｏnandemploｙｍent.］10．Bｌｕes(muｓiｃ)[Ｂｌueｓreferstoatypeofsｌoｗ,ｓａdmｕsｉcｆｒoｍtheSoutherｎＵS,froｍtheｃityｏｆNeｗOｒleanｓ．Ｉtisdeｒivｅdfroｍaｂｌendｏffiｅlｄchaｎtｅyandspirituａｌ–afｏrmｏｆhymnsinｇingｐrevalentｉnAｆrｉcａnＡｍｅrｉcａnChｒｉsｔiaｎchurches．ThｅtraｄitionoftｈeｖocalbａｌladｕｓuaｌｌyaｃcompaｎiedbyagｕｉtaｒalｓocontributeｄtoｔheformofBluｅs.ＴhemｕsicoftｈeBlueshａsapeculｉaｒ,pｏigｎanｔsadｎess.Thelyrｉcｓofthebluｅsｐiｅcesaresardｏniｃfilleｄｗithｗry,seｌf-dｅｐrｅｃatinghumor．]１1.Ｓep．11terｒoｒistattaｃk[ＯnSｅptｅｍber１1,２0２3，teｒｒoristshijackedｆouｒAｍｅrｉcａnpassｅnｇｅrplanｅs,twoｓｍaｓｈinｇintotheWｏrldTradeTowers,ｏneintｏthePeｎtagon，ａndtheｆoｕrｔhonesmashinｇｉntothefieldｓinＰeｎnsyｌvaniaasａresｕｌtofｔhesｔrugglebyｔhepasseｎgeｒｓ.3,0０0ｉnnocentliveswerelｏｓtinｔｈetｅrｒｏriｓｔattacks．Theｗhｏlｅworｌdｗasshｏckｅd，ａnｄantｉ－ｔerrｏriｓmbecamｅapriorityｏntheａgenｄａoｆtｈｅmａｊoriｔyofthｅｃountrｉeｓaｌloveｒtheｗorld.］12.ＴheＨousｅofCｏmmｏnｓ［ＴｈｅHousｅofComｍonｓistｈereaｌcenterofBritｉshpoliticallifebecauseitｉtｔhｅpｌacｅwheｒｅaｂout6５0elｅcteｄrｅprｅsentativeｓ(MｅｍbｅｒsofPaｒliamｅnt)maｋeanddｅbaｔeｐolicｙ.ＴheseMPsaｒeelectｅdintｈｅＧｅｎerａlEleｃtｉonsａnｄｓｈouldrepresenttheiｎtｅresｔsoｆｔhepeoplｅwhｏｖotefｏrthem.]13.Ｇramｍarschｏols[ItisatｙpｅｏｆseｃoｎdaryｓｃhooｌsinＢrｉtａin.Grａmmarschｏolsselectchｉｌdrｅｎａt(yī)ｔhｅagｅof1１ｔhroughaｎexamｉnatioｎcaｌｌｅd“11pｌus”.Thosechildreｎwiｔｈtｈehighestmarksgotogrａmmａrschｏols，ｗｈｉcｈlａyemphａsｉsonadvaｎcedａcａdemicｓubjｅctsratheｒｔｈaｎthｅmoregｅneralcurrｉculuｍoftheｃｏｍpreｈenｓｉveschｏｏlｓandｅxpｅｃtmａnyoｆｔｈeｉrpｕpilstoｇoontouｎiveｒsitｉes.]１4.Puｒitanｉsm[PuritansｗｅreｔhosｅwhofoｌlowedthｅdoｃtrineoｆＪoｈnCａlｖｉnａndwａｎtｅdtopuｒifｙｔｈeCｈurchoｆEngｌand．Theybｅlievｅtｈａt(yī)humａnbｅｉｎgｓarepredestinedbyGodbefｏretheｙａreborn.SｏmeareGod’schoｓenpeopｌｅｗhilｅothｅｒsａrｅdａmnedtｏhelｌ.Neitｈｅrchurｃhnoｒgooｄwoｒkｃａｎsavepeoｐle.ＴｈesignofbeingＧod’ｓｅlｅｃtｉssuccessinhisworkorprosperityinｈｉscallinｇ.ThｅｙａlsoarｇｕｅthateveryonemｕstｒｅadｔheＢｉbleｉnordertoｆinｄGod’swilｌanｄestablishadｉｒｅctcontaｃtwithGoｄ.ThesebelieｆｓhaｖeproducedagreaｔｉｍpacｔｕpｏnＡmericａｎculturｅ.]15.NewDeal[ＴheNewＤeａlrｅfｅｒstotｈedoｍestｉcrefoｒｍproｇrａmofthｅadmｉnistraｔiｏnofFrａnkliｎD.Ｒooｓeｖｅｌｔ．Iｔisgeneｒａlｌycｏnsｉdeｒedtoconsistoftwｏphａｓｅs.Inｔhefirstphaｓe(１９33—193４）,ａt(yī)temptswｅremａdetoproviderecoveryandrelieffromtheGreatDepressionthrｏughprograｍsoｆagｒiculturalaｎdbuｓiｎｅsｓrｅgulation,inflatｉｏnaｎdpriｃestａbilｉzaｔｉｏn.Intｈesecondphasｅ(1935—19４1)，socialandeｃoｎoｍiclegｉslatｉonwａsｐrovidedtoｂenefｉtｔhemaｓsofworkinｇpeoplｅ．]ＩII．Anｓwｅrqueｓtｉonsbriefly.1.WｈatareｔｈefｏuｒｂasiｃrequiｒementsforｓecondaryschｏoｌstudentswhｏwanttoappｌyforarespecteｄuniｖersｉtyiｎtｈeUnitｅｄStatｅs?[ＦourrｅquirementsforｕｎiversｉtyapplｉｃantsinｔｈeUnｉtedStatｅs：ｈｉghscｈｏolrecｏrds;recｏmmeｎｄatiｏnｓfｒomｈｉghschoolteａcｈers;impｒｅssiondurｉnginterviｅｗsbytheuniverｓitｙ;sｃｏｒesｏntheＳcholastiｃAptiｔudeTestｓ.]2．Desｃriｂebrieflythethreｅ-tiereｄnaｔionalcourtｓysｔｅｍｏｆthｅU.S．[Amerｉcafｅderaｌcｏurtsystemｃｏｎsiｓｔｓoｆtｈｒeｅｌevｅｌｓ:theSuprｅmeCoｕrt,ｆedｅrａlcourｔofappｅａl，aｎdfederaldistrictcoｕrt.]３.Describeｔhefourcａt(yī)eｇorieｓｏfinstiｔutｉoｎswhichcomprｉsethesｙsｔeｍoｆｈigｈereducationintheＵｎitｅdＳtaｔes.[Ａmericanｈigherｅducatiｏnsystemisｃompoｓedoffourｃaｔeｇｏｒｉes:theｕｎｉvｅrｓitywhｉchcancｏnferbaｃhelｏr’s,masｔer’sandｄｏctｏraｌdｅgrees;thｅfour-yearunderｇraduａｔeinsｔｉtutions；thｅtecｈniｃaｌｔrainiｎginｓtitutiｏn;ａndtheｔwｏ-yｅａrcoｌlegeｏrcoｍmｕniｔycolｌegｅ.]4.ListtｈeroleｓｏfｔｈeｍoｎarｃhｙiｎBritaｉntｏdaｙ.[Thｅroｌeofｔhemonarchtodayisｐriｍａrilyaｓymboloftraｄｉtｉｏｎandthｅuｎｉtyofｔhesｔaｔe.Besｉdes,ｓheislｅgａｌｌytheheadｏftheexeｃutive，aｎｉnｔｅｇralpaｒｔoｆｔhelegiｓｌature,hｅadofthejudiciary,coｍmanderｉｎchieｆoｆtheａrｍｅdforces，aｎdsupｒｅmegｏｖeｒｎｏｒｏfthｅChｕrｃhoｆEnglaｎd.ＳｈeaｌsoａｃtsasaｄｖisoｒｏfthePrimeMinister.]5.Wｈａt(yī)ｆactｏrsplａyａniｍｐorｔantrｏleiｎｔｈeｃontemporaryforｅiｇnpｏｌｉcyoｆUK?［Ansｗer:ContemｐｏrarｙfｏrｅｉｇnpolｉcyofUKisinfｌuenｃｅｄmainlybythｒeefａctors:itsimｐerialｈistory,iｔsgeｏpoｌiｔｉcａｌｔraits，ａndiｔssｐeciaｌreｌationshipｗitｈtheＵnitedStateｓ.］6．ItiｓsaｉdthａｔＢritishhistｏryｈaｓｂeenahistｏryofinvaｓioｎs.Wｈaｔareｔｈemajｏrinvａsionｓ?［ThemajoriｎｖasiｏnsiｎtｈeｈiｓtoryｏfBritaiｎinclｕdｅｔheRomaninvasionｉn４3Ａ.Ｄ．,theｉnｖasionbｙｔhｅAngｌesａndtheＳaｘons,theinvａsionbyｔheVikｉngｓｆｒomＳcandinavia,ａndtｈeＮormaｎＣonquest.]７.Ｉｌlｕstrateｔhｅprｉnciｐleofcｈeｃksandbalａncｅsｗithｅｘamplｅs.[Itisaprincipｌeｏfｇｏｖeｒnmentundｅｒwhichｓｅparaｔｅbranｃｈesaｒeemｐoweｒeｄtｏprｅｖentactionsbyoｔhｅrbｒancｈesandareindｕｃｅｄtｏsharepowｅｒ.Ｅxampleoｆcheckｓandbａlances:thｅｐresiｄenｔｈasthepoweｒtovｅｔobillsａndsｕｇgestbｉｌls;theｊudgｅsarｅaｐpｏinｔedbyｔheｐresｉdｅnt；thｅCoｎgreｓscanimpｅacｈthｅpresident;ｔheＳupｒemeCoｕrthastheｐowｅrtodｅciｄｅwｈｅtheralaｗordirｅctｉveisconｓtitutioｎａl(jｕdiciaｌｒeview）.]8.WｈaｔarｅthｅmａjorfｕｎctionsｏfBｒitｉsｈParｌiameｎt?[ThefunctiｏnsｏｆBriｔｉshPaｒliameｎtare:ｔopaｓslaws;tｏvｏtefｏrtａxatｉoｎ;toscｒutiniｚeｇoｖerｎmentpolicy，ａdｍiｎistratｉｏｎaｎdexｐendｉtuｒe;ａnｄtodeｂaｔeｔｈｅmaｊｏrisｓuesofｔｈeｄaｙ.]9.ＷhaｔwerｅtｈemajorｉdeasｉnｔｈeＤｅｃｌarａt(yī)iｏnｏfIndependeｎce?[Ｔhedocumenｔｄｅｃlaredｔhataｌlmenwereeｑｕalandtｈａt(yī)theyweｒｅｅnｔitｌedtosomｅunaliｅnabｌeriｇhｔssuchａｓliｆｅ,libｅrtyandthｅpursuitofhappiness.Ｉｔalsｏexplainedtｈephiloｓopｈyofgｏvernmenｔ:thepowerofgovernmeｎtｃamefｒomｔheconsentoｆtheｇovｅrneｄandｔhｅpuｒｐosｅｏfgoｖerｎmeｎtｗaｓｔosｅcｕｒetheｒｉghｔsmentｉonｅdaboｖe.TｈetｈeoryofpoｌiticsａndｔheguidiｎｇpｒｉnｃｉplesｏfｔｈｅＡmｅricanRevolutionｍainlycameｆroｍJohnＬｏcｋe．］10.WhataretｈepｏwersoｆｔｈｅUSpｒesidenｔ？[ThepｒesidｅntｃａnｐropｏselegislatｉoｎtoConｇrｅss.HecanvｅtoaｎｙbillｐassedbyCoｎgrｅsｓ.Butｔheｖetｏcａｎbeovｅrriddenbyａt(yī)wo－tｈirｄsvoteiｎbｏｔhhｏｕｓes.Ｔheｐｒeｓidentｃanappoinｔfederａlｊudgesａsvａcanciｅsｏｃｃｕｒ．Hｅiｓｔｈｅcoｍｍaｎder-in-chiefoftheａｒmｅｄforces．Hehaｓｏtｈerｂroadauthorｉtiesinrｕnｎingdeｐaｒtmenｔsanｄhanｄｌiｎｇforeigｎｒｅｌatiｏnｓ．]１1．WhataretｈetwｏmajoｒconcｅrnsofｍanyAｍericａnsabｏｕttheirpoliｔicalsｙstｅｍ？Wｈｙ?[Oｎeｃonｃｅrnisaboutthｅhighcostofcampaｉgni