(山東)《龍門亮劍》2011高三英語一輪課件 Unit 2 新人教版選修8

Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．______vi. 不同；相異2．_______adj. 精確的；準(zhǔn)確的3．_____________n. 突破4．__________adv. 總共；完全地5．________vi. 反對；不贊成differexactbreakthroughaltogetherobject6．_______vt. 獲得；贏得7．_______vt. 獲得；到達(dá)(水平、

年齡、狀況等)8．_______adj. 道德(上)的；倫理的9．________vt. 禁止；不準(zhǔn)10．____________vt. 積累；聚積obtainattainmoralforbidaccumulate11．______vt. 欠(賬、錢、人情

等)；歸功于……12．________adv. 立刻；不久13．_______vi. 退休；離開14．_______vt.&vi. 打擾；操心

n. 煩擾15．___________n. 假定；設(shè)想oweshortlyretirebotherassumption16．__________n. 規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法

規(guī)17．_______vt. 抵抗；對抗18．_________adv. 僅；只；不過19．______vt. 崇拜；愛慕；喜

愛20．___________adj. 合情理的；講道

理的；公道的regulationresistmerelyadorereasonableⅡ.常用短語1．pay_____ 得到好結(jié)果；

取得成功；償

清2．cast______ 沮喪；不愉快3．in_______of 贊成；支持4．be_______to(do)．.. 一定或注定(做

)……5．_____...intoone’sheart 使……刻骨銘心offdownfavourboundstrike6．______timetotime 不時(shí)；偶爾7．bringbackto_____ 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)

活8．in_____ 白費(fèi)力氣；枉

費(fèi)心機(jī)9．ingood/poor_________ 狀況很好(壞)

；情況很好(壞)10．haveagreat______on 對……有很大

影響fromlifevainconditionimpactⅢ.典型句式1．AltogetherDollylivedforsixyears，________________________ofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.多莉總共存活了6年，這是它的原型羊壽命的一半?！敬鸢浮縣alfthelength2．Thefact______sheseemedtodevelopnormallywasvery______.她看上去生長發(fā)育正常的事實(shí)令人鼓舞。【答案】that；encouraging3．Theprocedureisdifficult________________.這一程序很難操作?！敬鸢浮縯oundertake4．Youmight________thishardatfirstbutit________________whenyoucometospeak.你可能在開始時(shí)覺得困難，但當(dāng)你說起來了，你會(huì)覺得很值得?！敬鸢浮縡ind；paysoffforbidsth.禁止某事forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbid(forbade/forbad，forbidden)v.禁止；不許forbidsb.sth.禁止某人某事forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事Youmaynotgototheparty—Iabsolutelyforbidit.你不可以參加聚會(huì)——我絕對不允許你去。Hewasforbiddentoleavethebaseaspunishment.作為懲罰，他被禁止離開基地。Theirfatherforbadethemwine.他們的父親禁止他們喝酒。forbid的反義詞是allow和permit。Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.公共場合禁止抽煙。1.完成句子(1)Mostparents____________________(同意禁止自己的孩子抽煙)．(2)Thecompany________________(禁止上網(wǎng))duringtheofficehours.(3)Makingacallwithcellphone______________________(乘飛機(jī)旅行時(shí)嚴(yán)禁)．【答案】

(1)agreetoforbidtheirchildrentosmoke(2)forbidssurfingtheInternet(3)isstrictlyforbiddenduringflightsbothersb.with拿……來煩某人bothersb.forsth.纏著向某人要……botherabout/withsth.為某事煩惱；為某事操心bothertodosth.麻煩去做某事；特地做某事；特意做某事(通常用于否定句中)bothervt.煩擾；打擾；操心Don’tbothertogetdinnerformetoday；I’lleatout.今天不用麻煩給我做飯了，我出去吃。Don’tbothermewithstupidquestions.不要拿些愚蠢的問題來煩我。Hebotheredhisfatherforabicycle.他纏著爸爸給他買一輛自行車。bother，disturb，trouble與annoy用法比較：這組詞都表示“使人不得安寧”或“心煩意亂”。(1)bother指干擾別人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安寧，可能是故意的，含有使人討厭的意味。(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一時(shí)得不到安寧，精力不能集中，語氣比bother弱。(3)trouble常指在心情上失去平靜而感到憂慮、苦惱或行動(dòng)上帶來不便，也常用于禮貌的請求。(4)annoy通常指重復(fù)性的行為使(別人)生氣。常用被動(dòng)，表示為某事煩惱、生氣。Idon’twanttobotheryouwithmyproblems.我不想讓你因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而擔(dān)心。What’stroublingyou—moneyproblems?什么事令你憂慮不安——經(jīng)濟(jì)問題嗎？Thesefliesareannoyingme.這些蒼蠅一直在煩我。2.—Iwanttomakeakitetofly.—________Youcaneasilybuyoneonthemarket.A．Whynot?B．Greatidea.C．Whybother?D．Noway!【解析】

Whybother？為何要麻煩呢？【答案】

Cundertakesth.承擔(dān)，接受(責(zé)任、艱苦的工作等)undertaketodosth.許諾(保證)做某事undertakethat-clause許諾(保證)……undertakevt.承擔(dān)；從事；許諾Sheundertookresponsibilityforthechanges.她承擔(dān)了做出這些改變的責(zé)任。Heundertooktopaythemoneybackwithinsixmonths.他保證六個(gè)月之內(nèi)還錢。Heundertookthathewouldpayitback.他答應(yīng)會(huì)把它還回來。guaranteesth.保證；擔(dān)保guaranteethat...保證……Mywatchisguaranteedforoneyear.我的表保用一年。3.Aswearebusythesedays，wemight______thisurgentworkforthetimebeing.A．undertakeB．a(chǎn)greeC．undergoD．charge【解析】

句意為“因?yàn)檫@些天我們很忙，我們暫時(shí)可能做那些急需干的事”。undertake作“從事，進(jìn)行”講。undergo的意義是“經(jīng)歷，遭受”，如：Thecompanyhasundergonesomemajorchangesinthelastfiveyears.公司在過去的五年中發(fā)生了重大的變化?！敬鸢浮?/p>

Adiffervi.不同；差異differfrom不同于differin...在……上不同；對……持不同的看法differwith/from...on/about...在……上和……不一致differgreatly/widely相差太大Hisviewsdiffergreatlyfromthoseofhisparents.他的觀點(diǎn)與父母的觀點(diǎn)差別很大。Thetwinslookalike，buttheydifferwidelyintheirtastes.這雙胞胎看上去相似，但愛好大相徑庭。Theydifferwitheachotheronmoralstandards.關(guān)于道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，他們的見解不同。bedifferentfrom與……不同tellthedifferencebetweenAandB說出A與B的區(qū)別makeadifference有意義，有影響Myopinionisquitedifferentfromyours.我的觀點(diǎn)與你的不同。Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthem?你能說出他們之間的區(qū)別嗎？Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.你去還是留對我沒有什么影響。4.Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.They________inkindandfunction.A．differB．changeC．compareD．work【解析】differin在某方面不同?！敬鸢浮緼objectvi.不贊成；反對；n.物體；目標(biāo)objecttosb./sth.不贊成某人/某事objecttodoingsth.反對做某事objectthat...反對……Iobject我反對(用于正式會(huì)議或商談等中)Weobjectedtoleavinginsuchahurry.我們反對這樣匆忙地離開。Thestudentsobjectedtobeingtreatedlikechildren.學(xué)生們反對像對待孩子似地對待他們。Isawanobjectinthesky，butIdidn’tknowwhatitwas.我看見天空中有個(gè)物體，可是我不知道它是什么。HisobjectofstudyingEnglishistoknowmoreaboutEnglandandtheEnglishpeople.他學(xué)習(xí)英語的目的是更多地了解英國和英國人民。objectionn．反對；極不愿意；反對理由；缺陷；缺點(diǎn)Ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly.我極不愿意早起。Doyouhaveanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?你反對我打開窗子嗎？5.Manyteachersstronglyobjectedto________atschool.A．smokeB．smokingC．smokedD．havingsmoked【解析】句意為：許多老師強(qiáng)烈反對在校吸煙。objectto...短語中，to是介詞，后須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但此處不強(qiáng)調(diào)完成?！敬鸢浮緽owevt.欠(錢、物、債等)；應(yīng)當(dāng)給予owesb.sth.或owesth.tosb.欠某人某物owe...to...把……歸功于……oweittosb.that...多虧某人幫忙Don’tforgetyoustillowe150yuantothewineshop.別忘了，你還欠酒店150元錢呢？Heoweshissuccesstohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功歸功于努力工作和實(shí)踐。IfIhaveimprovedinanyway，Ioweitalltomyteacher.如果說我有一些進(jìn)步，這應(yīng)該全部歸功于我的老師。Youowemeanapology.你得向我道歉。Weshoulddothedutywhichweowetoourcountry.我們應(yīng)對國家盡我們應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.多虧你幫忙，我才及時(shí)完成了工作。owingto＝becauseof“因?yàn)?，由于”，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語，構(gòu)成介詞短語，表原因。Owingtotherain，theycouldnotcome.由于下雨，他們不能來了。6.Sheoweshersuccess________goodluckmorethan________ability.A．to；andB．of；toC．to；toD．to；in【解析】本題意中owe的含義是“歸功于”的意思，應(yīng)與介詞to連用。句中morethan的意思是“而不是”，用做連詞連接兩個(gè)介詞短語，全句意思為“她把她的成功歸功于幸運(yùn)，而不是她的才干”?！敬鸢浮緾resistvt.抵抗；忍住(多與cannot，couldn’t連用)behard/impossibletoresist難以拒絕resistsb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物can’t/couldn’tresistdoingsth.禁不住干某事Heisingoodhealth—heisabletoresistdiseases.他身體健康，能抵抗疾病。Icouldn’tresisthavingalookatherdiary.我忍不住看了一眼她的日記。resistancen．抗拒，反對resistantadj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的beresistantto對……有抵抗力Therehasbeenalotofresistancetothisnewlaw.這項(xiàng)新的法規(guī)已經(jīng)遇到很多的抵制。7.Sincemanyinsectshavealreadybecome______toDDT，scientistshavetolookforsomenewinsecticide.A．a(chǎn)ctiveB．resistantC．preferredD．tough【答案】Bpayoff得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清paysth.off全部償還；償清(債務(wù))paysb.forsth.＝paysth.tosb.forsth.付錢給某人作為……的費(fèi)用payforsth.為某事吃苦頭或受懲罰payback還錢；報(bào)復(fù)payapricefor...為所得付出代價(jià)Theytookahellofariskbutitpaidoff.他們冒了很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但事情成功了。Canyoulendme￡10？I’llpayyoubackonFriday.你能借給我10英鎊嗎？我星期五就還你。I’llmakeherpayforruiningmychances!她破壞了我的機(jī)會(huì)，我要她為此吃苦頭！getpaidbythehour按小時(shí)領(lǐng)工資payavisitto參觀，走訪Cleaningworkersgetpaidbythehour.清潔工人按小時(shí)獲得報(bào)酬。8.—LiFengwonthefirstprizeinthenationalEnglishcompetition.—Oh，really？I’mgladthathereffortsatlast________.A．workedoutB．gotbackC．paidoffD．turnedout【解析】

下句意為“我很高興她的努力最后成功了”。payoff(指冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的政策、做法等)帶來好結(jié)果，成功，行得通。又如：Thegamblepaidoff.賭贏了?！敬鸢浮緾ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接著傳來多莉病重的壞消息。此句中的that引導(dǎo)的從句為同位語從句，that僅起連接作用，無意義。常見的后接同位語從句的抽象名詞有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。ThethoughtthatLaoLiwouldopenarestaurantinNewYorksurprisedhiswife.老李要在紐約開飯店的想法讓他的妻子非常吃驚。HegotamessagefromMrJohnsonthatthemanagercouldnotseehimthatafternoon.他從約翰遜先生那里得到消息，經(jīng)理那天下午不能同他會(huì)面了。同位語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，也可以由連接代詞who，what，whose，which，連接副詞how，when，where，why或連詞whether來引導(dǎo)。Hehadnoideawhenshewouldcomeback.他不知道她何時(shí)會(huì)回來。9.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A．whoB．thatC．a(chǎn)sD．which【解析】that引導(dǎo)同位語從句解釋說明前面的名詞word，that在從句中不作成分。【答案】B10．(2009年江蘇卷)Becauseofthefinancialcrisis，daysaregone________local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A．ifB．whenC．whichD．since【解析】句意為：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，在當(dāng)?shù)匚逍羌壘频曜∫粋€(gè)晚上就要6000元的日子一去不復(fù)返了。whenlocal5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight作days的定語，關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。【答案】BAltogetherDollylivedforsixyears，halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.多莉總共存活了六年，這是它的原型羊壽命的一半。double，twice，times，half或分?jǐn)?shù)在表示“是……兩倍、幾倍、一半，幾分之幾”等意義時(shí)，后可直接跟名詞，但名詞前一定要有定冠詞the或物主代詞。Hisinvestmentwasalmostdouble/twicetheamountwehaveinvested.他的投資額幾乎是我們所投資金額的兩倍。Ipaidone-thirdtheprice.我付了三分之一的價(jià)錢。NigeriaisthreetimesthesizeofGreatBritain.尼日利亞的面積是英國的三倍。這類詞后有時(shí)也可接what從句。Thepriceisdouble/twicewhatitwaslastmonth.價(jià)格是上個(gè)月的兩倍。Thepopulationofthetownisdouble/twicewhatitwasthen.那城鎮(zhèn)的人口是當(dāng)時(shí)的兩倍。11.Hedidit________ittookme.A．one-thirdatimeB．one-thirdtimeC．theone-thirdtimeD．one-thirdthetime【答案】DⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Thebrothersd________widelyintheirtastes.【答案】differ2．Thequestionisquites________，whilethatoneismuchmorecomplicated.【答案】straightforward3．Itisquited________tohearthebadnews.【答案】disturbing4．Smokingisf________inpublicplaces.【答案】forbidden5．Hissuggestionsoundsquiter________tomostofus.【答案】reasonable6．Thefilmwasa________(商業(yè)的)success.【答案】commercial7．He________(承擔(dān))thedifficulttaskwillinglythatday.【答案】undertook8．He________(僅僅)askedusournamesattheinterview.【答案】merely9．Therewerestrong________(爭論)forandagainsttheplan.【答案】arguments10．Healwaysmanagedto________(得到)whathewanted.【答案】obtainⅡ.短語運(yùn)用castdown；shortlyafter；infavorof；payoff；taketurns；differfrom；haveagreatimpacton；beappropriateto；objectto；beboundto11．Manypeople________________experimentationonanimals.【答案】objectto12．Ittookthemthreeyearsto__________________thedebt.【答案】payoff13．Man____________________beastsinthattheformerisabletolaugh，whilethelatteraren’t.【答案】differsfrom14．Standingnervouslybeforetheteacher，thegirl_________________________hereyes.【答案】castdown15．Intheirdiscussion，Iwas__________________MrLi.【答案】infavourof16．Warningsaboutthedangersofsmokingseemto____________________thatagegroup.【答案】haveagreatimpacton17．Johnpassedthroughadifficultperiod______________________hismother’sdeath.