Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解及練習(xí) 人教版八年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

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Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?知識(shí)講解SectionA一.helpwithhousework幫助做家務(wù)1.helpwithsth.意為“幫助做某事”2.helpsb.withsth.=helpsb._______sth.幫助某人做某事Eg:Ioftenhelphim______hisEnglish.=Ioftenhelphim__________English.我經(jīng)常幫他學(xué)習(xí)英語?！就卣埂?.helponeselfto…請(qǐng)隨便吃/喝···Pleasehelpyourselftosomecakes.2.can’thelpdoingsth情不自禁做某事Ican’thelpfallinginlovewiththatgirl.我情不自禁愛上那個(gè)女孩。二．housework意為“家務(wù)勞動(dòng)”。不可數(shù)名詞。1.Theyhavehouseworktodo.A.manyB.much三.sometimes有時(shí)辨析：sometimes，sometimes，sometime，sometimesometimes有時(shí)候。=attimes=fromtimetotime也是“有時(shí)”的意思。sometimes幾次。time作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)可作“次數(shù)”解；表示“時(shí)間”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。sometime某個(gè)時(shí)候。可指過去或?qū)淼哪硞€(gè)時(shí)候。sometime一段時(shí)間。常與for連用。對(duì)它提問用howlong?？谠E記憶：分開“一段時(shí)間”；相聚“某個(gè)時(shí)候”。練習(xí)：①WeplantostayinHainanfor.我們打算在海南呆一段時(shí)間。②Iamsurethatwehavemetbefore.我肯定我們之前見過幾次了。③Ihavelettersfromhim.有時(shí)我會(huì)收到他的來信。四.hardlyever幾乎不比較：hard、hardly和hardlyever①hard作形容詞時(shí)，意為“困難的；硬的；勤奮的；嚴(yán)厲的；苛刻的”。hard作副詞時(shí)常用來表示程度，意為“努力地；猛烈地；劇烈地”，位于動(dòng)詞之后。Thisgroundistoohardtodig.這塊地太硬，挖不動(dòng)。Theytriedhardtosucceed.他們努力工作，以求得成功。②Hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不”，表示否定意義，位于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，不表示頻率。常用來修飾表示能力的詞，如can,could等。Hecanhardlyplayfootball.他幾乎不會(huì)打籃球。Thereishardlyanycoffeeleft.幾乎沒有剩余的咖啡了③hardlyever是表頻率的副詞，意為“幾乎不；幾乎沒有”，相當(dāng)于almostnot,seldom。練習(xí)：Thereis____________foodleft.幾乎沒有食物剩下。He____________.他幾乎不工作。He____________.他工作努力。五.exercise1.vt.“鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)”?！狧owoftendoyouexercise?2.U“鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)”，常與動(dòng)詞take連用。Exercise______mekeephealthy.運(yùn)動(dòng)使我保持健康。Johnlikestakingexerciseintheopenair.約翰喜歡在戶外鍛煉。3.C“練習(xí)；操”。Wedomorning___________everyday.我們每天做早操。WedoEnglish____________tohelpuslearnEnglishwell.我們做英語練習(xí)以便學(xué)好英語。六．usetheInternet用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)usesth.todosth.用某物做某事Iuseaknifetocutbread.我用刀切面包。短語：ontheInternet在網(wǎng)上，surftheInternet網(wǎng)上沖浪，上網(wǎng)七．What’syourfavorite...?=What...doyoulikebest？你最喜歡的是什么？1.What’syourfavoriteanimal？你最喜歡的動(dòng)物是什么？=__________________________________________八.free意為“空閑的，有空的”反義詞busy。befree意為“閑著，有空”eg:：Heisfreenow.他現(xiàn)在有空。拓展：free還可譯為“免費(fèi)的”Eg：Theticketsarefree.票是免費(fèi)的。九．quitefull很忙，相當(dāng)忙.1.adj.full還可譯為“滿的，充滿的”。反義詞是empty，意為“空的”。Eg：Thebuswasfullwhentheygotthere.翻譯________________________________________.拓展：AbefullofB.=AbefilledwithB;A中充滿了B。Theroomisfullofstudents.Thebusisfullofpeople.Thehallis_______people.A.fillwithB.fullwithC.filledofD.filledwith2.fulladj.“飽的”。其反義詞是hungry，意為“饑餓的”。Areyouhungryorfull？你餓了還是飽了？十．maybe“也許，大概，可能”，常位于句首。Eg：MaybeheknowsTom.也許他認(rèn)識(shí)Tom。辨析：maybe和maybemaybe“也許，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）Maybeyouareright.也許你是對(duì)的。maybe“可能是，也許是”。為“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。（位于句中）Youmayberight.你也許是對(duì)的。LilyanEnglishteacher.Lily可能是一名英語老師。=________________________________________十一.atleast意為“至少”。其反義詞為atmost“最多”。Eg：Thereareatleast1,500studentsinourschool.十二.howoften意為“多久一次”，常用于對(duì)時(shí)間頻率的提問?；卮鹂捎胦nce/twice/threetimesaday(一天一/兩/三次)，sometimes(有時(shí))，never(從不)，veryoften(經(jīng)常)等。HowoftendoyouwatchTV?你多久看一次電視？【拓展】詞語詞義用法答語特征howlong多久詢問時(shí)間多久for/about+一段時(shí)間howoften多久一次詢問動(dòng)作的頻率often,twiceaweek等howsoon多快，過多久詢問時(shí)間多快in+一段時(shí)間howfar多遠(yuǎn)詢問距離多遠(yuǎn)tenminutes’walkhowmany多少詢問可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)howmuch多少詢問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量數(shù)詞+表示量的詞+不可數(shù)名詞多少錢詢問價(jià)格數(shù)詞+錢十三.look、see、watch和read辨析：look為不及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語時(shí)須用介詞at，指看的動(dòng)作。see著重于看的后果，即“看到，看見”。read多指“看書、報(bào)”，這里的“看”實(shí)為“讀”。watch表示“注視，觀看，監(jiān)視”之意。也常用于“看電視，看比賽”等短語中。SectionB一．wantsb.todosth.的否定形式為wantsb._____todosth.Eg：Shewantsmetobringhimsomepens.否定：Shewantsme__________________himsomepens.拓展：1.wantsth.想要某物2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.want(sb.)todosth.=wouldlike/love(sb.)todosth.二．begoodfor意為“對(duì)……有益”。反義詞為bebadfor“對(duì)……有害”。Eg:Vegetablesaregoodforyou.蔬菜對(duì)你有好處。【拓展】1.begoodto“對(duì)…好”，其反義短語為bebadto“對(duì)…不好”。2.begoodat“在…方面擅長”，at后面常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式，同義短語為dowellin。SheisgoodatEnglishandChinese.=ShedoeswellinEnglishandChinese.她擅長英語和漢語。Iamgoodat__________________（play）basketball.3.begoodwith“和…相處得好；擅于和…相處”。Areyougoodwithchildren?你和孩子們相處得好嗎？三．1.healthn.健康，C，意為“健康(狀況)”，常用于“beingood(poor/bad)health”短語中，表示“身體好(不好)”。Mygrandparentsarebothingoodhealth.我祖父母身體都很好。2.healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的四．a(chǎn)sksb.aboutsth.“詢問某人關(guān)于某事”Eg:Iaskedmyteacherabouttoday’shomework.五.Herearetheresults.這是（調(diào)查）結(jié)果。here位于句首，句子要倒裝。Hereis+單數(shù)名詞。Hereare+復(fù)數(shù)名詞.Eg：Hereisyourjacket.這是你的夾克。六．find+賓語+名詞,Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+賓語+形容詞，Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞，Ifoundhimreadinginthelibrary.七.百分?jǐn)?shù)由percent來表示，構(gòu)成：基數(shù)詞+percent，常用“數(shù)詞＋percentof＋名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)要看percentof后跟的名詞，如果是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，如果是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語應(yīng)該用單數(shù)Thirtypercentofthestudents______(like)watchinggameshows.70percentofwater_______(be)saltywater(鹽水)。八．not...atall意為“一點(diǎn)兒也不，根本不”。not應(yīng)和be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)連用。Eg：Idon’tknowaboutitatall.對(duì)那件事我一點(diǎn)也不知道。Thestoryisn’tinterestingatall.Theoldmancan’tusethecomputeratall.拓展：notatall=youarewelcome意為“不用謝，不客氣”。Eg：--Thankyouforyourhelp.--Notatall.九．surprised驚奇的，感到意外的1.besurprisedatsb./sth./doingsth.對(duì)…感到驚奇，Wearesurprisedatthenews.2.besurprisedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到驚訝。I’mverysurprisedtomeetyouhere.3.besurprisedthat+從句.因…而感到驚訝。I’msurprisedthathecamehereontime.【拓展】surprising令人驚訝的toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是insurprise驚訝地；吃驚地十．theanswerstoquestions問題的答案thewaytosw去某地的路十一.moststudents=mostofthestudents大多數(shù)學(xué)生1.most+復(fù)數(shù)名詞.Mostbirdscanfly.大多數(shù)鳥兒會(huì)飛.__________大部分時(shí)間2.mostof+限定詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞mostofthegirls,mostofmyfriends3.mostof+人稱代詞賓格mostofthem/us______thestudentslikereadingthestory.A.MostB.Mostof4.the+most+多音節(jié)形容詞，表示最高級(jí)，意為“最”。Thisisthemostbeautifulflower.這是最漂亮的花。如果most前有不定冠詞a，則表示“非常；很”，相當(dāng)于very。Sheisamostbeautifulgirl.她是個(gè)非常漂亮的姑娘。十二.although“雖然，盡管”。but意為“但是”。英語中，although與but不能同時(shí)使用。1.________itrained，theboysstillplayedoutside.=Itrained，___________theboysstillplayedoutside.2.AlthoughIgetupearly,Ican’tcatchtheearlybus.=Igetupearly,butIcan’tcatchtheearlybus.Mycousinknowsalotaboutgeography，heisonlyfouryearsold.A.becauseB.soC.although十三.It’s+adj+（forsb.）+todosth.意為“（對(duì)某人來說）做某事是……的”。Eg：It’sveryimportanttolistencarefullyinclass.上課認(rèn)真聽講很重要。It’seasyforustoswim.對(duì)我們來說游泳很容易。It’sveryhardforhimtostudyEnglish._____________________________________練習(xí)1.Itisveryimportantforus_______Englishwell.2.It’sverynice___you_______myparentsyourbestwishes.3.—Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.—You’dbetternot.It’sbadforyou________toomuchjunkfood.十四.by+交通工具乘….by+時(shí)間到…..時(shí)（為止）by+地點(diǎn)在…..旁邊【拓展】through和by的區(qū)別、through后常加名詞表示手段媒介，throughexercise通過鍛煉by后常加工具或v-ing,byworkinghard(bydoingsth.通過做某事)十五.suchas例如；像…這樣。后面跟名稱、代詞、動(dòng)詞的ing形式Eg:Ihavealotofhobbies,suchas__________and___________.我有許多愛好，比如讀書和唱歌。拓展：suchadj.&pron.這樣的；那樣的；類似的；作形容詞時(shí)，其后修飾名詞。Tomlivesinsuchalargehouse.湯姆住在一所這么大的房子里。such和so二者都有“如此；這樣”的意思，但具體用法相異。such用來修飾名詞，so用來修飾形容詞或副詞。①such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(單數(shù))②such＋adj.＋n.(復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞)③so＋adj./adv.④so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(單數(shù))＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(單數(shù))⑤so＋many/few/much/little＋n.(復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞)Heissuchacleverboy.＝Heissocleveraboy.It'ssuchfineweathertoday.Theydidn'thavesomuchtimetodotheirhomework.他們沒有如此多的時(shí)間去做作業(yè)。十六.spend意為“度過”或“花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金錢）”。Eg:Comeandspendtheweekendwithus.來和我們一起度過周末吧。spendtime\moneyonsth.在...上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢.=spendtime\money（in）doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢做某事Hedidn’tspendmuchtimeonhishomework.=Hedidn’tspendmuchtime______________hishomework.Ispend200yuanonanewcoat.=Ispend200yuan________________anewcoat.Don’tspendtoomuchtimewatchingTV.=Don’tspendtoomuchtime_____TV.1.cost的主語是物sth.costssb.＋金錢/時(shí)間某物花了某人多少錢/時(shí)間。doingsth.costssb.＋時(shí)間做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。2.take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法：Ittakessb.＋時(shí)間/金錢＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。3.pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢（給某人）買……例：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的錢。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不賠丟失的書款。(3)payforsb.替某人付錢。例：Don`tworry!I'llpayforyou.別擔(dān)心，我會(huì)給你付錢的。(4)paysb.付錢給某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。十七.throughprep.以；憑借；穿過Hebecamerichthroughhardworkandability.他憑借辛苦的工作和能力變得富有。Thesunlightwascominginthroughthewindow.through，across，overthrough意為“穿過”，指從物體的里面穿過。across意為“穿過”，指從物體的表面通過。over意為“越過；跨過”，指越過一個(gè)有高度的物體。Theywalkedthroughtheparkaftersupper.Iswamacrosstheriverandfeltverytired.Canyoujumpoverthetable?十八.however“然而，不過”?？梢晕挥诰涫住⒕渲?、句末。但要用逗號(hào)與句子的其他部分隔開。Eg:Shewasill.However,shestillwenttowork.她病了，然而她依然去上班。辨析：but和howeverbut直接連接前后兩個(gè)句子，轉(zhuǎn)折的意味比however強(qiáng)，特別表示非常明顯的對(duì)比，。However“然而，但是”。不能直接連接句子，必須用逗號(hào)與句子隔開。Eg:1.Itbegantorain,___________,wewentouttolookfortheboy.2.Itasunnymorning，___________verycold.這是個(gè)晴朗的早晨，但是卻很冷。十九.morethan相當(dāng)于over。意為“超過，多余”。Therearemorethan2000books.二十.afraid意為“擔(dān)心的，害怕的”。1.beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事Eg：Iamafraidto_____________plane.我害怕乘飛機(jī)。2.beafraidofsb.\sth.害怕某人\某物beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事Eg：Sheisafraidofthedog.她害怕那只狗。Don’tbeafraid__________________questions.不要怕問問題。二十一.lessthansix.少于6小時(shí)。lessthan意為“不到，少于”。其反義詞為morethan\over“多余，超過”Eg：Shesleepslessthansevenhourseverynight.他每晚的睡眠時(shí)間不到7小時(shí)。WeknowTomfor20years.我們認(rèn)識(shí)Tom超過20年了。拓展：less是little的比較級(jí)，Shehaslessmilkthanme.二十二.diev.消失；消滅；死亡1.“死亡”講，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。Hisgrandfatherdiedfiveyearsago.他祖父五年前去世的。2.die可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示“即將死去，奄奄一息”。Heisdying.他快要死了。拓展：1.dead死的，是die的形容詞形式?？勺鞅碚Z或定語。作表語時(shí)，表示狀態(tài)。Hisdoghasbeendeadfortwoweeks.他的狗已死了兩周了。2.death死亡，是die的名詞形式。Hismother'sdeathmadehimverysad.他母親的去世使他非常難過。二十三.nonenone與noone,nobody的用法區(qū)別1.noone=nobody，兩者均只能指人，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。如：Noone[Nobody]________誰也不知道。Noone[Nobody]_________it.沒人喜歡它。注：按傳統(tǒng)語法，兩者之后均不能接of

短語。2.none既可指人也可指物，其后通常接of

短語；用作主語若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指可數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。Noneofthefoodwasleft.一點(diǎn)食物都沒留下。Noneofthebooksis[are]interesting.沒有一本書有趣。3.none暗示一種數(shù)量，“一個(gè)也沒有”，而noone或nobody指“誰都沒有”，回答howmany或howmuch的提問時(shí)，通常用none，而在回答who的提問時(shí)，通常用noone或nobody。體會(huì)：A：HowmanyEnglishbookshaveyouread?你讀過多少本英文書?B：None.一本也沒讀。A：Howmuchmoneydidyougiveher?你給了她多少錢?B：None.一分也沒給。A：Whowenttoseethefilm?誰去看電影了?B：Noone[Nobody].誰也沒去。Unit2試題一、單項(xiàng)填空()1. —What’sonthewallofthelivingroom,Wendy? —Thereistelevision.televisionisverybig. A.a;A B.an;A C.a;The D.an;The()2.—Whatcanyouseethemist(薄霧)?—Threepeople. A.for B.through C.of D.about ()3. —Whydoyoulikerunningsomuch,Mr.Green? —Well,it’sgoodformy. A.diary B.time C.idea D.health()4. —Whowillgototheforteethcleaningwithyou,Mark? —Myfather. A.guide B.dentist C.writer D.musician()5. —Therearesomanywonderfulgiftsintheshop.Whichonedoyouwanttobuy?—.Theyaretooexpensiveforme. A.NotB.NeverC.NoneD.No()6. —Youlooksotired,Sue. —Isleptlastnight.Ifeelveryterriblenow. A.hardly B.alreadyC.usuallyD.almost()7. Tinagoestothemoviesatleastamonth.Shelovesmoviesverymuch. A.twice B.second C.two D.secondly()8. —Canyouhelphimthelivingroom,Amy? —Noproblem. A.cleans B.cleaned C.cleaning D.toclean()9. —DoyouknowNick,Lucy? —Sure,he’ssofamous.hehasnoarmsandlegs,hecanlookafterhimselfwellandtravelallovertheworld. A.Although;but B.Because;/ C.Although;/D.Because;so()10. —Howoftenyourfather,Mary? —Onceaweek. A.did;exercised B.do;exercise C.does;exercisesD.does;exercise()11.Ithinkthebestwayistakingpartin(參加)outdooractivities.A.torelax B.relaxing C.relaxed D.relaxes()12.TomaskedPetertothepartylastSunday. A.comes B.coming C.tocome D.came()13. —timesdidyougoclimbinglastyear? —Twice. A.Howlong B.Howmany C.Howmuch D.Howoften()14. —doyouwatchTV? —Almosteveryday. A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howmuch D.Howold()15. —Howoftendoyougoswimming,Alice? —. A.IntwoweeksB.Threetimes C.Oneortwoweeks D.Onceortwiceaweek二、翻譯1.看牙醫(yī)6.listentosomemusic2.現(xiàn)在、此時(shí)7.bestressedout3.三天前8.liedownandrest4.感冒9.stayhealthy5.喝一些水10.giveadvices三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Iam(stress)out,andIwanttolistentothemusic.2.Peopleinmany(west)countrieslikeChinesefoodverymuch.3.(drink)toomuchcolaisbadforourhealth.4.Sheistired.Sheshouldn’t(go)totheparty.5.It'simportantforyoutoeata____________(balance)diet.四、選詞填空(每小題1分，共5分)needgivelikebelieveeasy1.MyparentsthatIshouldeatmorevegetables.2.Youshouldeathotyangfood,beef.3.It’stohaveahealthylifestyle.4.Ihaveafever.Canyoumesomeadvice?5.Tomhasasorethroat.Hetoseeadoctor.五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（每小題2分，共10分）1.Shehasatoothache.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)thematterwithLily?2.Ibelieveyoucandoit.(改為否定句)Iyoucandoit.3.Doyouhaveasorethroat?(改為現(xiàn)單三形式)Sheasorethroat?4.Don’tgettootired.It’snothealthy.(改為同意句)Don’tgettootired.It’s.六、閱讀理解AMaryisanAmericangirl.SheisnowinBeijingwithherparents.Marydoesn'tknowmuchChinese,butsheisstudyingit.SheoftenspeaksChinesewithherChinesefriends.Sometimestheycan'tunderstandher,becauseshecan'tspeakChineseverywell.It'sSaturdaymorning.Shegoesout.Sheiswalkinginthestreet.Shewantstogotothezootoseetheelephantsandmonkeys,butshedoesn'tknowhowtogetthere.SheasksaChineseboytheway.Theboycan'tunderstandher.Thenshetakesoutapenandapieceofpaper.Shedrawsanelephantonit,andshowsthepicturetotheboy.Theboyunderstands,andshowsherthewaytothezoo.1.Maryis_____·_____.A.ChineseB.EnglishC.JapaneseD.American2.Maryisin__________withherparentsnow.A.ShanghaiB.BeijingC.NewYorkD.London3.Marydoesn'tknowhowtogetto__________.A.thezooB.theparkC.herhomeD.herschool4.Marycan'tspeak__________verywell.A.EnglishB.EnglandC.ChinaD.Chinese5.AtlastTheboy__________.A.canunderstandMary'ｓChineseB.takeshertothezooC.showsherthewaytothezooD.drawsapictureforMary,tooBDecember25isChristmasDay(圣誕節(jié)).Christmasisanimportantholidayinmanycountries.OnChristmasDay,mostfamiliesgettogetherforabigdinner.Theygivepresentstoeachotherandvisitfriends.TheChristmastreeisanimportantpartoftheChristmasholiday.Mostfamiliesbuytrees.Thefamiliesdecorate(裝飾)thetreetogether.ParentsusuallytelltheirchildrenthatFatherChristmascomesduringthenightandbringspresentst