山西省大同市鐵路一中分校2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

山西省大同市鐵路一中分校2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.—Canyouexplain

China’sfootballteamfailedagainintheattemptfortheWorldCup?—Iamsorry,butthisisthelasttime.Wewillbehaveourselves.A.whyisitthat

B.whyitisthatC.howitisthat

D.howisitthat參考答案：B試題分析：考查強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)第二句話，我們得知第一句話的句意：你能否解釋中國足球隊為何又沒能進入世界杯？特殊疑問句中只有疑問詞可以強調(diào)，其強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)是“疑問詞+is(was)itthat...?"根據(jù)句意，是要“why”引導(dǎo)而不是“how”所以排除CD。而且句中的強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)所在的句子是跟在動詞“explain”后面做賓語從句，從句應(yīng)用陳述語序，也就是“疑問詞+itis(was)that...故選B。【名師點睛】強調(diào)句一、強調(diào)句句型1.陳述句的強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當強調(diào)主語且主語指人）+其他部分。2.一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing？3.特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：被強調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn？4.

注意：構(gòu)成強調(diào)句的it本身沒有詞義；強調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that，who，即使在強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此，that，who不可省略；強調(diào)句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。二、not…until…句型的強調(diào)句1.句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他部分e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.強調(diào)句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.2.

WangLinfailedtobeadmittedbyHongKongUniversitylastyear,andonlythen_______theimportanceofEnglish.A.hefinallyrealized

B．hehadrealized

C．didherealize

D．hadherealized參考答案：C3.—Whatshouldyoudoifyouhaveproblemswithyourlife?

—

.

A．Tofindafriendtotalk

B．Findafriendtotalkto

C．Findingafriendtotalkto

D．Foundafriendtotalk參考答案：B4.TheOpeningCeremonyofthe29thOlympicGamesisagreatsuccess,____thathassurprisedtheworld.A.it

B.one

C.theone

D.which參考答案：B5.Weareallbusy_________thisJune’sNMETnowandIamsureonJune7we’llbesittinginthetest-room,fully__________it.A.preparing;preparingfor

B.preparingfor;willbepreparedforC.preparing;preparedfor

D.preparingfor;preparedfor參考答案：D6.Silk______oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.A.hadbecome

B.wasbecoming

C.hasbecome

D.isbecoming參考答案：A試題分析：句意：到公元前100年為止，絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路上交易的主要商品之一。時間狀語是by-過去時間，謂語用過去完成時。故選A。7.I______tovisithiminthehospital,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.hadgone B.mightgo C.musthavegone D.wouldhavegone參考答案：D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞+havedone的用法。句意：我本要去醫(yī)院看望他，但我上一整周都很忙。A.hadgone已經(jīng)去了；B.mightgo可能會去；C.musthavegone肯定去了；D.wouldhavegone本要去（而未去）結(jié)合語境可知，此處考查虛擬語氣，wouldhavedone“本要做某事（而未做）”，故選D項?！军c睛】本句考查情態(tài)動詞+havedone表虛擬的用法，常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做（而未做）,couldhavedone本能做（而未做）,wouldhavedone本要/會做某事（而未做），例如：Ifeelupsetnow.Ishouldhavecorrectmyanswer.我現(xiàn)在很失落，我本應(yīng)該修改答案的。Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavepassthetest.沒有你的幫助，我本不能通過測試。8.Itisnoneofyourbusiness________otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.how

B.what

C.which

D.that參考答案：B9.Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A.declaration B.distinction C.division D.distribution參考答案：B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：某些東西是活的還是死的是一個重要的區(qū)別，這是一個孩子在5歲時就不難理解的問題。A.declaration宣告，聲明；B.distinction差別，區(qū)別；C.division分割；D.distribution分配，分布。根據(jù)前面的“是活的還是死”可推知，這是指孩子對死和活的區(qū)別，故選B。10.InawayIcanseewhatyoumean,eventhoughIdon’t____yourpointofview.

A.permit

B.share

C.recognize

D.Agree參考答案：B11.It’stheendofthemonthandIcanhardlymakeendsmeet.

,Iwouldbuyyouagoodgiftforyourbirthday.A.Ifany

B.Ifnot

C.Ifever

D.Ifso參考答案：B12.Indeedthebestleadingactorhasreadalotofbooks,butthebestsupportingactresshasreadno______.

A.more

B.few

C.less

D.little參考答案：C略13.Hecameherewithoutfriendsor______andmadehisfortune.A.possessions

B.possession

C.wealth

D.good參考答案：

A解析：wealth是不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式。good后加s才是“財產(chǎn)”的意思。possession作“財產(chǎn)；所有物”時，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。14.Misunderstandings_____fromlackfromsocialcommunication,unless______properly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.A.arisen;handling

B.arising;handled

C.rising;handled

D.risen;handling參考答案：B15._________goodTonyBlairdidforhiscountry----actuallyquitealot----istotallyovershadowedbycrimesinIraq.A.Whatever

B.Whichever

C.However

D.How參考答案：A略16.ManypeopleholdtheviewthatMoYan________amongtheworld’sgreatestwriter.A．promotes

B．rates

C．regards

D．ranks參考答案：D二、填空17.IwasattheIndiangrocerystorewithmycarttotallyfulltocheckout.TherewasanAfricanAmericanmaninhis

61．

(sixty)behindme.Itoldhimhecouldgobeforeme

62．hehadjusttwoitemsinhishand,andhewasallsmilesandadded,asif63．

(tease)me,“Thanks!Whydon’tyoupayformystufftoo,”andlaughed.Ifeltalittle64．

(embarrass)andthoughtthatthemanhadawonderfulsenseofhumor.Itoldtheladyatthecheckoutnot65．

(change)him.IsaidIwouldpayforhim.Hesaid,“No,no,no,Iwasjustkidding.”AndI66．

(reply)withasmile,“Yes,yesyourwishisheard.Pleaseletmedoit!”Aswetalkedoutside,hetoldmethattheIndianherbs(草藥)67．

hehadbought68．

(be)forhisfriendsoIshouldtakethemoney.Isaidtohim,“Itisgoodthatitisnotforyou.Nowyoucanpayitforwardtosomebodyelse.”Hethankedmeandpromisedhewould.69．(eventual),Iwenthome70．

mycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullofwarmthandkindness.參考答案：61．sixties62．because/since/as63．teasing64．Embarrassed65．tocharge66．replied67．that/which68．were69．Eventually70．with61．sixtiesinone’ssixties在某人六十來歲的時候。62．ecause/since/as我告訴他他可以到我前面，因為他只有兩件商品。63．teasing他笑了笑，好像是在嘲笑我，說“謝謝，你為什么不接著把我這兩件的錢也給付上呢？”此處為狀語從句的省略，省略了主語和be動詞（hewas）64．embarrassed我感到有點尷尬。embarrassed感到尷尬的。65．tocharge我告訴這位女士不要收他的錢，我為他結(jié)賬。Tellsb.todosth.告知某人做某事。66．replied。我微笑著回答。本文是回顧以前發(fā)生的事情，主要是用了一般過去時，故填replied。67．that/which此處為修飾theIndianherbs的定語從句，先行詞為物，且從句中缺賓語，故填that/which。68．were此處句子的主語為theIndianherbs，故應(yīng)填were。69．EventuallyEventually修飾后面Iwenthome

70

mycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullofwarmthandkindness以整句。70．with我載著滿滿的貨物回家了。with表伴隨，意為“帶著”。18.Twoself-drivingbuseshaverolledoutontothepublicroadsofHelsinki,Finland,inthefirsttrials___41___itskind.TheEasymileelectricmini-buses,abletocarryupto12people,willrunontheopenroadsofHelsinki'sHernesaaridistrict.“___42___isnomorethanahandfulofthesekindsofstreettraffictrialstakingplace.”HarriSantamala,testprojectleadsaid.Finland___43___(become)atopleadermautomatedtechnologydevelopmentandtestingrecentlybecause,unlikemostoftherestoftheworld,Finnishlawdoesnotrequirevehiclesonpublicroadstohaveadriver.Obstacles___44___(meet)inmanyotherfirmsandresearchgroupsthatlookedtotestautonomousvehiclesintheUSandEuropehavebeenremoved.Operatingsuchasystemhasprovena(n)___45___(true)difficultchallenge.Thecitytrafficwillprovidehardpointsforthebusestoovercome,sincetheyhavetowork___46___commoncarsandotherroadusersmaynotbepredictable.Thebuseshaveamaximumspeedof40km/hbutwilltravelatanaveragespeedof10km/h,thus___47___(lead)themtobeslow-movingvehiclesduringrush___48___(hour).Helsinkiisseveralyearsintoits10-yearplantomakecarownershippointlessthroughpoint-to-point"mobilityondemand"systems.Twoyears___49___,thesmartbusserviceKutsuplushadbeenshutdownduetocostsandthelowvolumeofpassengers.___50___isexpectedtohappenthatsmallautomatedbusescouldmakeadifferencewhenpresenthuman-operatedtransporthasprovedinefficientwithgovernmentfunds.參考答案：41.of

42.There

43.hasbecome

44.met

45.truly

46.where

47.leading

48.hours

49.earlier/before

50.It這篇短文介紹在芬蘭首都出現(xiàn)了兩輛自動駕駛公共汽車，以及這類汽車運行的一些困難。41.考查介詞。在芬蘭首都赫爾辛基的公共道路上，有兩輛自動駕駛的公共汽車已經(jīng)上路，這是同類車中的第一次。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示所屬關(guān)系，用of表示。故填of.42.考查固定句型。在這類街頭交通試驗中，只有為數(shù)不多的幾個。根據(jù)句意可知，此句中表示“有”，用therebe句型。故填There.43.考查句子時態(tài)。芬蘭最近成為了最高的自動技術(shù)研發(fā)和測試的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。根據(jù)句中從句的時態(tài)可知此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時，并結(jié)合語境可知應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。故填hasbecome.44.考查句子時態(tài)。句意：在許多其他公司遇到的障礙，以及在美國和歐洲測試無人駕駛汽車的研究小組已經(jīng)被移除。根據(jù)句意可知，該句應(yīng)該用一般過去時，meet過去式為met.故填met.45.考查副詞。句意：操作這樣一個系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)被證明是一個真正困難的挑戰(zhàn)。該處修飾后面的形容詞difficult，應(yīng)該用副詞修飾形容詞。故填truly.46.考查副詞。句意：城市交通將為公共汽車提供難以克服的困難，因為它們必須在公共汽車和其他道路使用者可能無法預(yù)測的地方工作。根據(jù)分析句子可知，work后面應(yīng)該是狀語，此處應(yīng)該用where引導(dǎo)狀語從句。故填where.47.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：公共汽車的最高時速為40公里，但將以每小時10公里的速度行駛，因此在上下班高峰期將會是緩慢行駛的車輛。此處是結(jié)果狀語，lead與其邏輯主語（句子主句）之間是主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。故填leading.48.考查名詞。句意：公共汽車的最高時速為40公里，但將以每小時10公里的速度行駛，因此在上下班高峰期將會是緩慢行駛的車輛。此處表示具體的高峰期，hour是可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填hours.49.考查副詞。句意：兩年前，由于成本和乘客數(shù)量的減少，智能的公共汽車服務(wù)Kutsuplus被關(guān)閉了。Ago用于一般過去時，before/earlier用于完成時，根據(jù)句子時態(tài)haddone，此處表示的兩年前應(yīng)該用before/earlier.故填before/earlier.50.考查it。句意：人們預(yù)計，當現(xiàn)有的人力交通工具在政府資金中被證明效率低下時，小型自動巴士可能會產(chǎn)生影響。句中設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是形式主語，真正的主語是that從句，英語中用it做形式主語。故填it.【名師點睛】語法填空體現(xiàn)新課標的“突出語篇，強調(diào)語用”的要求，用一篇完整的短文來側(cè)重考查學(xué)生對語言知識在具體篇章中的意義和靈活運用的能力。主要考查能力要求：1.閱讀/理解語篇的能力；2.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力；3.熟練運用語法的能力；4.單詞拼寫能力和邏輯推理能力。建議考生把做過的語法填空題找出來，歸納自己總錯的是哪方面的語法，然后可以擠一些時間將自己薄弱的這塊語法復(fù)習(xí)、理順。在語法填空中，我們要特別注意詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題。如本文的，橫線前面有介詞of，橫線上要使用名詞achievement作為of的賓語。，在英語副詞通常做狀語修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞，形容詞通常在句中做定語或表語修飾名詞。所以本句中使用副詞regularly做狀語修飾動詞takeshortbreaks。詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定所要填的單詞在句中的成分。技巧1：作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞形式。技巧2：作主語，或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語，用名詞形式。技巧3：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。技巧4：括號中所給詞為動詞時，也不一定是考動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動詞，

有可能考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換如小題5，在句中非常明顯的體現(xiàn)設(shè)空處修飾形容詞difficult，根據(jù)副詞修飾形容詞，很容易得到正確的答案。三、閱讀理解19.Fordecades,familiessettledonthesofatosharethelatestnewsandTVseries,untiladditionalbedroomTV,computergamesandtheInternetalmostputanendtofamilyrowsoverwhoheldtheremotecontrol.Now,however,thetraditionallivingroomsceneismakingacomeback.AstudybythecommunicationswatchdogOfcomhasfoundfamiliesareonceagaingatheringaroundthemaintelevisionset,buttheyarebringingtheirpadsandsmartphoneswiththem.

“The1950slivingroomismakingacomebackasafamilyentertainmentcentre,”saidJaneRumble,headofmediaresearchatOfcom.“Wearewatchingonmuchbetter,bigger,andmoredelicatetelevisionsets,butwearecomingintothelivingroomholdingourconnecteddevices.”Whilethefamilyarecomingtogetheroncemore,comparisonswiththepastendthere.Witharangeofsmallerscreensonhand,noteveryonesittingonthesofasharesthesameviewingexperience.

Thecoronation(加冕禮)mayhavedrawntheundividedattentionof20millionviewersin1953,butthosewatchingtheQueen’sJubileecelebrations50yearslaterwereaslikelytobecommentingonlineaboutBBC’sbroadcastaswatchingit.“Justafewyearsago,wewouldbetalkingaboutlastnight’sTVatworkoratschool,”saidaviewer,“Now,we’rehavingthoseconversationslivewhilewatchingTV,usingsocialmedia,textandinstantmessaging.”

Itisabehaviourofmediameshing（聯(lián)網(wǎng)）,whoseinfluencewasunderlinedduringthisyear’sWimbledonmen’stennisfinal.AsAndyMurraypushedtowardshisvictory,1.1millionpeopleworldwidesentanaverageofovertwomicroblogsaboutthematch.

PeopleusetheInternettoenhancetheirtelevisionexperience,forexample,byreadinganewspaperliveblogaboutafootballmatchwhilewatchingtheactiononthemainscreen.Forahugenumberofyoungerviewers,theportablescreenoffersachancetodosomethingunrelated,suchasonlineshopping,listeningtomusicorwatchinganothertelevisionprogramme.Some70%of16-to-24-year-oldsclaimtobeabsorbedinwhatOfcomcalls“mediastacking”atleastonceaweek.ForTVviewers,theInternetscanningis