高中英語北師大版Uint8Adventure 第八單元過關檢測a

第八單元過關檢測AⅠ.閱讀理解A導學號53090062Thenumberofpeoplethreatenedbycoastalfloodingcouldmorethantripleby2070becauseofclimatechange,whilethefinancialimpact(財政影響)offloodingcouldincreasebytensofmillionsofdollars.AngelGurria,SecretaryGeneraloftheParis-basedOrganisationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment,calledforquickactiontobuytimeforcitiesatcantake30yearstobuilddefenses(保衛(wèi))forvulnerablecitiesinplace.“Climatechangeisalreadyhappeningandquickactionisneedednowtopreventitsworstimpacts,”saidGurria,whoisscheduledtotakepartintheUNClimateChangeConferenceinBali,Indonesia.About150millionpeoplecouldbeindangertocoastalfloodingbystatistics(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù))werebasedona“1-in-100-year”floodingevent,describedasacommonlyacceptedriskassessmentstandard,withameanriseinsealevelofahalf-meter.Thestudyestimated(估算)thefinancialimpactofsuchapossiblesituationatUS$39,000,000million,comparedtoUS$3,000,000today.ThedevelopmentofAsianbigcities,withtheirpopulationincreasingrapidly,waspointedtoasakeyincreasingtheriskincoastalflooding.Calcuttaheadsalistofthe10topcitiesatriskin2070intermsofpopulation,withMumbai,orBombay,,Florida,inninthplace,wastheonlycityinadevelopedcountryonthelistofcitieswiththehighestvalueofpropertyandinfrastructure(財產(chǎn)和基礎建設).manypeoplearebeingthreatenedbycoastalfloodingnow?15million.50thousand.50million. 150million.答案:C提示:第一段的第一句提到2070年受威脅的人口將增長3倍多,而在第四段提到2070年將有約一億五千萬人口受到洪水的威脅,用一億五千萬除以3,可知。underlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans“”.

toprotect toattackflood inruins答案:B提示:由該詞前面的builddefenses(保衛(wèi))for(為……做好防范工作)可推知vulnerable的意思是“易受到襲擊的”。thepassage,weknowthat.

GurriawillbeabsentfromtheconferenceinBaliGurria’sofficeisinBali,Indonesiaisonlyonecoastalfloodeverycenturyriseofsealevelismainlycausedbyclimatechange答案:D提示:從第一段可知,造成海平面上升的主要原因是氣候變化。BWhenIwasinmedicalcollege,Iwentcampingwithsomeofmyseasonwassummer;therefore,wechosetogotothearrivingthere,werentedaroomandleftourluggagefinishedlunchandthendecidedtorentaboatbecausetheseaandtheweatherwerebeautiful.Westartedtorow,butaboutonemileout,theweathersuddenlytheweatherwasnotgood,wedidn’twanttogiveup,butfinallymyfriendsandIagreedthatweshouldgotriedtochangetheboat’sdirection,butassoonaswechangedit,theoarlock(槳架),wewereunabletoturnhadtowaitforhelpbecausewecouldn’tdoanything.Afterseeingthechangeofweather,weshouldn’thavecontinuedtorow,butitwastooregrettedseachangedalot,thewavesgotveryhigh,andtheboatbegantoshakelikeacradle(搖籃).Oneofmyfriendsstartedtocry;anotherstartedtothrowhourspassed,andnobodycametohelpwerejustpraying.Fortunately,afterfivelonghoursofwaiting,twobigboatscametorescueusandwetheyhadn’tcometohelpus,wewouldhavecrossedtheborderbetweenTurkeyandGreecebecausetheborderwasveryclose.Thisstoryisthemostexcitingstoryofmylifebecausewecouldhavedied,butluckwaswithusandweescaped.wasthefirstthingtheauthorandhisfriendsdidafterarrivingtheseaside?lunchtogether.aplacefortheirluggage.aboattogoboating.withsomeofmyfriends.答案:B提示:根據(jù)第一段第三句可知,他們先租了個房間放行李。didtheydowhentheoarlockbroke?changedone. repairedit.waitedforhelp. swamtotheseashore.答案:C提示:根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知,他們只好坐在船上等待救助。authorandhisfriendsthreehoursaftertheoarlockbroke.

alreadysafeprayinginachurchhopefulandpatientregretfulandworried答案:D提示:根據(jù)第三段可知,他們開始后悔沒有在天氣突變時及早回頭。三個小時之后,大家開始焦急起來。canbeinferredthat.

wasthefirsttimetheywereoutatseawasthefirsttimetheywentboatingwouldhavediediftwobigboatshadrescuedthemwouldhavebeenfloatedtoanothercountryifnotrescued答案:D提示:根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段后一句可知,如果沒有船只來救他們,他們就可能漂流到另一國的海域,他們已經(jīng)離兩國分界線很近了。CIn1943,whenIwas4,myparentsmovedfromCoeurd’Alene,Idaho,toFairbanks,Alaska,whereadventurewasneververyfaraway.Wearrivedinthesummer,justintimetoenjoythemidnightthatsunlightwasfantasticforMom’svegetableinthegardenatmidnighttendedtothrowhertimingoff,soshedidn’tcaremuchaboutmybedtime.DadwasaRailwayExpressagentandMomwashisleftmeinausuallymanagedtofindsometroubletogetIhadalittlefiregoinginthedirtbasementofahadtriedtolightabarrel(桶)ofpaintbutcouldn’treallygetagoodfiresmokegotprettybad,though,andwhenImademyexit,acrowdandthepoliceweretheretogreetpolicementookmymatchesanddrovemehome.MomandDadwereoccupiedinthegardenandDadtoldthepolicetokeepme,andtheydid!IhadatouroftheprisonbeforeMomrescuedhadn’tturned5yet.AsIenteredkindergarten,theseriouscoldbegantosetitsurpriseyoutoknowthatIsoonleftpartofmytongueonametalhandrailatschool?AsforLeonhardSeppala,famousasadogsledder(駕雪橇者),IthinkIknewhimwellbecauseIwastakenforaridewithhiswhitedogteamonethetimeIdidn’trealizewhatasuperstarhewas,butIdoremembertheridewaswrapped(包裹)heavilyandwellshelteredfromthefreezingandblowingweather.In1950,wemovedbacktoCoeurd’Alene,butwegotonemoreAlaskanadventurewhenLeonhardinviteduseightyearslaterbypayingavisittoIdahotoattendagatheringofformerneighborsofAlaska.canbeinferredabouttheauthor’sfamily?fatherwasacruelman.parentsdidn’tlovehim.parentsusedtobeverybusy.motherdidn’thaveanyjobs.答案:C提示:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句、第三段的前兩句和第四段第一句可推斷出,作者小時候,父母總是很忙,根本沒有時間照顧他。happenedwhentheauthorwas4?learnedtosmoke.waslockedinabasement.wasarrestedbythepolice.nearlycausedafireaccident.答案:D提示:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,喜歡惹是生非的作者有一天差點引發(fā)一場火災。ofthefollowingistrue?wasgoodatdrivingdogsleds.authorspenthiswholechildhoodinAlaska.oftenvisitedtheauthor’sfamilyafter1950.authorsufferedalotwhiletakingthedogsledinAlaska.答案:A提示:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的定語“famousasadogsledder”可知,萊昂納德擅長駕駛狗拉的雪橇。istheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?lookbackonhischildhoodwithadventures.describetheextremeweatherofAlaska.expresshowmuchhemissesLeonhard.showoffhisprideinmakingtrouble.答案:A提示:主旨大意題。作者通過寫這篇文章主要回憶了自己小時候在阿拉斯加州居住時那些充滿冒險和奇遇的童年故事。D導學號53090063OutdoorSurvivalProvidesAdventureWorldwideAlthoughtherearenostatecontrolledsurvivalcoursesinBritainortheUnitedStates,therearevariousindependentorganizationsofferingsimilaractivities.Studentscantakepartinoutdoortrainingcoursesthroughuniversityclubsandcanregister(登記,注冊)withsuchgroups,whichthenorganizecourses,trainingandtripsforallmembers.OneofthemostpopularoutdoortrainingprogrammesinboththeUSandBritain,isOutwardBound(戶外訓練).Itwasfoundedin1941inWalesandattractshundredsofthousandsofadventuroustypeseveryyear.Thecoursesareintendedtobroadenmindsthroughexperiencesthatbuildconfidence,self-esteem(自尊)andwellasspecialistcoursessuchascanoeing,leadershipskillsandsailing,participantscantakepartinweek-longadventuretrainingcampswhichincludeahostofsportsandsurvivaltrainingeducationskills.MichaelWilliams,anAmericanstudent,tookpartinanOutwardBoundcourselastsaid,“Welearnedlotsoffirst-aidskills,lotsofnaturalhistory,lotsofenvironmentalfacts,andtookpartinawildlifepreservationthat,myfavouriteskillslearnedweresailingandrockclimbing.”Coursescanlastupto40daysandareopentoanyoneovertheageofmustbeingeneralgoodhealth,butdonotneedtobeexperiencedinoutdoorisnoselectionprocess;everyoneiswelcome,althoughnewparticipantsareadvisedtopickacoursematchingtheirphysicalcapacity(體力).MostoftheBritishcoursestakeplaceintheBreconBeaconsinsimilarorganizationistheUKSurvivalSchool,whichincludescoursesonlearningtolivewiththeenvironment,sailingandwinterabasicsurvivalweekendstudentswilllearnhowtogetwaterandfood,howtomakefireandcookwithit,howtofindandbuildashelter,howtocontrolsurvivallifesupport,howtocrossrivers,howtosendoffadistresssignal,andhowtousecompassesbydayandnight.Accordingtotheleaders,suchadventuresare“anawakening,anexplorationintotheunknown”.OutwardBoundbelievesthatparticipantswill“usemindandbodytravelingsomeoftheEarth’sroughestwildernessareas”.thefirstparagraph,weknow.

arenotallowedtotakecoursesinthestateschoolscantakesurvivalcoursesinthestateschoolscoursesarebannedinBritainandtheUScoursesarenotofferedinthestateschool答案:D提示:細節(jié)理解題。第一段只有一句話,介紹美國和英國開設生存訓練課程的基本狀況:國家沒有開設此類課程,但各種各樣的獨立組織會提供類似的課程。advantageofthetrainingcoursesisthat.

canmakefriendswithotherscanvisitsomeplacesofinterestcanexperiencedifferentadventurescanlearnhowwonderfulnatureis答案:C提示:細節(jié)理解題。第四段說到了戶外生存訓練課程的目的(broaden...character)和主要內(nèi)容(Aswellas...skills),這也正是其優(yōu)點之體現(xiàn)。anOutwardBoundcourselastyear,themostexcitingexperienceMichaelWilliamshadwas.

first-aidskillsfactsofenvironmentclimbingandsailingwildlife答案:C提示:細節(jié)理解題。第五段通過MichaelWilliams的說法,舉例說明了參加戶外生存訓練課程的好處,他最后說“myfavouriteskillslearnedweresailingandrockclimbing”?！痵thewriter’spurposetowritethispassage?roducethetrainingcoursetoreaders.答案:A提示:寫作意圖題。通觀整篇短文,可以推斷出這是一篇類似廣告的文章,廣告的目的就是說服人們相信他們的話,從而消費他們的產(chǎn)品或服務。短文介紹了戶外生存訓練課程的種種好處,就是要人們?nèi)⒓舆@類課程。Ⅱ.七選五(2023北京)TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.16Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestof?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlywerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.17Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren’twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonefewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavearesult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexistsmaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.18

Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.19Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

20Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we’llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesortheshallowendofthepool.alldependsonyourcharacter.aretherisksyoushouldjumptotake.betteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.iswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.brainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.答案:16~20FCAEGⅢ.完形填空導學號53090064Whenhewasseven,GlennCunninghamwasahealthyonedayaterrible21GlennandhisolderbrotherFloydwereaddingcoaltothefireplaceofthehouse,itwas22fromthehousebythe23Floydoutside,onlytolearnthatFloydwas24insidetheranbackintothe25tosavehisbrother.“Floyd!Floyd!26me!”Glennhefellunconscious(失去知覺的).Hecouldnot27FloydandFloyddiedinthefire.

Glenn28inhisbed,hisbodycoveredwithbandages(繃帶).Hetriedtogetup,29thesharppaininhislegsmadehimallhisleftfootwas30andcouldnotbearhisdoctorssaidGlennwouldnever31again.

WeekslaterthebandagesweretakenawayandGlennwasgivenwasalmost11yearsoldbeforehenolonger32them,andhewasalmost1333hisrightlegbecamestraightstretched(伸展)hislegseverymorningandtimeitbecameless34torun;hewas35overcoming(克服)his14,Glennbeganrunningwhereverhe16,hemadethehighschooltrackteam.

Atfirst,Glennonlyjoinedinshortraces.36,onedayheranthewholemileandsetarecordof37trainingandonMarch3,1938,atDartmouth’shugeindoortrack,heranthemileinanewworldwas38oneoftheworld’sfastestindoortracks,butGlenn’scourage,andyearsofeffortsand39paidoff.

Glennbrought40tohiscountrybywinningasilvermedalattheBerlinOlympicsintheyears,veryfewathletesachievedsuccessbyovercomingsuchdifficultiesasthosethatfacedGlennCunningham,themanwhowastoldhewouldneverrunagain.

答案:A提示:由下文描述火爐爆炸導致Glenn重傷和哥哥死亡可知,當天發(fā)生了一件可怕的事。 答案:D提示:由下文Glenn沖進火場救人可知,他被爆炸的沖擊波甩出了屋子。after forat up答案:B提示:由下文的“onlytolearnthatFloydwas...insidethehouse.”可知,Glenn在屋子外四處尋找哥哥的身影。 答案:C 答案:D提示:由ranback可知,Glenn得知哥哥還在屋子里后,便奮不顧身地沖進火場救人。 答案:B提示:由上文的“tosavehisbrother.”可知,Glenn讓哥哥回答他。 答案:B提示:由下文的“Floyddiedinthefire.”可知,Glenn沒能救出哥哥。 答案:C提示:由上文的“Thenhefellunconscious(失去知覺的).”和下文的“hisbodycoveredwithbandages(繃帶).”可知,這是Glenn醒來時的場景。 答案:A提示:“試圖起床”和“疼痛難忍使得他哭了起來”之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關系。 答案:D提示:由上文的fireplace和fire可知,Glenn的腳被燒傷。 答案:A提示:由下文的“themanwhowastoldhewouldneverrunagain.”可知,醫(yī)生告知Glenn他將再也無法跑步了。 答案:D提示:Glenn到11歲時不再依賴拐杖了。 答案:D提示:到Glenn差不多13歲時,他的右腿才變直了。 答案:C 答案:A提示:由上下文描述Glenn恢復的過程可知,慢慢地,跑步也變得不怎么疼了,Glenn正逐漸克服自己的困難。 答案:B提示:由上文的“Glennonlyjoinedinshortraces.”和下文的“heranthewholemile”可知,此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 答案:C提示:由下文的“heranthemileinanewworldrecord.”可知,Glenn繼續(xù)訓練。 答案:C提示:Dartmouth的室內(nèi)田徑跑道被認為是世界上最快的室內(nèi)跑道之一。 答案:D提示:由Glenn取得的驕人成績可知,他多年的努力和訓練沒有白費。 答案:B提示:由下文的“winningasilvermedalattheBerlinOlympicsin1936.”可知,Glenn為他的祖國贏得了榮譽。Ⅳ.語法填空導學號53090065CarlaandHaridecidedtobuyabookaboutfestivalstolearntheir41(origin)andwouldmeetatthegateofthebiggestbookshopat2setoffatabout1:30pm,andarrivedtheretwentyminutes42(late).Shewaiteduntil2:10pm,butHarididn’tturn43.CarlawasveryangrythatHarididn’tkeephiswasobviousthatshewas44(fool).Carlawasweepingwhensheheard“Aprilfool”,whichremindedher45AprilFool’swasn’twrongtoplaytricksonothersthisdayandnotnecessaryforHaritoapologizetoher.46(see)hertears,Hariheldhisbreathtostophimselfspenthalfanhourchoosingabooktheywanted.

Fromthebook,theyhavelearnttherearedifferentkindsoffestivalsand47(celebrate).Theiroriginsaredifferent;somearereligious,someareseasonal,someareinmemoryoftheirancestorsorsomespecialpeopleorknowtheSpringFestivalisthemost48(energy)andimportantfestivalinoftentakesplaceinJanuaryorFebruaryandisatimeforpeopletolookforwardtoit,becausetheycandressupandhavefunwithothersdayandtheywon’tset49fireworkswithouttheirparents’50(permit).OnNewYear’sEve,thewholenationlooksasthoughtheyarecrazyanddrownthemselvesinhappiness.

答案:Ⅴ.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。Asfarasweknow,themajorreasonofglobalwarmingisduetohuman,theuseoffossilfuelsbyindustryreleasesgreenhouse,cuttingdownforestsmeanthatlesscarbondioxidecanbechangedbackintoconsequenceofglobalwarming,thesealevelispeoplearesufferingfrommoreextremeweatherofglobalincreaseintemperatureisalsocausingmuchdamagestothebalanceof’shightimethatwewilltakemeasuresto