2021-2022學(xué)年山西省呂梁市第八中學(xué)高三英語聯(lián)考試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年山西省呂梁市第八中學(xué)高三英語聯(lián)考試題含解析一、選擇題1.—Ipromisedtodrawamapoftheengine.NowI’vemadeit!—_______!A.Thanksalot

B.It’smypleasureC.Congratulations

D.You’rewelcome參考答案：C.2.Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbeso_________aboutherjob.

A.specialB.responsible

C.unusualD.particular參考答案：D3.HopetherewillbeanendtothetradewarbetweenChinaandtheUS.Indeed,otherwisebothsides_________alot.A.mustsuffer

B.weretosuffer

C.suffered

D.wouldsuffer參考答案：D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：---希望中美之間的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)能夠結(jié)束。---事實上，不然雙方都將遭受巨大損失。would可用于評論某一特定的行為。故D選項正確。4.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.since

B.after

C.before

D.when參考答案：C5.Ithasbeenannouncedrecentlythatalltheschools

nothavethestudentsattendschoolifthestudentshavehightemperatures.

A.need

B.shall

C.could

D.oughtto參考答案：C6.Usuallynewbornbabiescan______betweenaman’sandawoman’svoice.A.squeeze B.trap C.inspect D.discriminate參考答案：D【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：往往新生兒能辨別男士和女士的聲音。squeeze擠壓，榨出；trap使陷入困境，卡??；inspect檢查，視察；discriminate辨別。根據(jù)betweenaman’sandawoman’svoice可知，新生兒能分清男士和女士的聲音。故選D項。7.----Tom,you’vegotanAinthefinalEnglishexam.Congratulations!----Thanks.ButIneverthoughttheresultcameoutsofast.Thepapers______whenIlefttheteacher’sofficejustnow.A.hadbeenmarked

B.werestillbeingmarkedC.arestillmarking

D.hadbeenmarking參考答案：B8.Theemployeeyouhavebeenthinkinghighlyof____reliable.A.proves

B.proving

C.toprove

D.beingproved參考答案：A略9.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather

A.permitting

B.topermit

C.permitted

D.permit參考答案：A略10.Themanagerwillgivethejobto________havingcapabilityandresponsibilityforit.

A.whoever

B.whomever

C.nomatterwho

D.anyone參考答案：B略11.In____late19thcentury,Europechanged______greatdealandwasplayingimportantrolesin______internationaltrade.

A.the;a;the

B.the;the;不填

C.the;a;the

D.the;a;不填參考答案：D解析：在序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the;agreatdeal為固定短語,意思為“大量地”；internationaltrade表示泛指概念，不用冠詞。12.Manyparentsspendnearlyalloftheirmoney_______theirchildrencanhaveagoodeducation.

A.unless

B.once

C.nowthat

D.sothat參考答案：D13.—Whyonearthdidn’tyouanswerthedoor?

—I’mterriblysorry,butthetelephone_______,too.

A.isringing

B.wasringing

C.rang

D.wasabouttoring參考答案：B14.

MyfriendhasreturnedfromtheUK.She____

atOxfordforfouryears,duringwhichwecommunicatedwitheachotherontheInternet.

A.studied

B.hasstudied

C.hadstudied

D.hasbeen參考答案：A15.Tomorrowtherewillbe_______sunshinewithcloudyintervalssohehasmadeaplanforapicnicwithhisfamily．（）A．mainly B．occasionally C．roughly D．Extremely參考答案：A根據(jù)sohehasmadeaplanforapicnicwithhisfamily（因此他已經(jīng)制定好和家人野餐的計劃）可以知道明天天氣不錯，所以選擇Amainly譯為"主要地，大部分"，其他選項與句義不符，B譯為"偶爾地"；C譯為"粗略地"；D譯為"極度地"．16.(2013·江西六所重點高中一模)We________takecleandrinkingwaterforgranted.Onedaywemayrunoutofit.A.needn't B.can'tC.won't D.shouldn't參考答案：D選D考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我們不應(yīng)該把擁有潔凈的飲用水看作是理所當然的。也許有一天，我們會用完它。shouldn't“不應(yīng)該”，符合句意。17.Johnsonhadmadeuphismindtogiveitup，buton________secondthoughthedeterminedtotry________thirdtime.A./；a

B./；/ C.a；a

D.the；a參考答案：A略18.Itwashis______hemadeattheconferencethatleftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.A.symbols

B.signs

C.remarks

D.marks參考答案：C二、翻譯72.這是他第一次回老家過年，是嗎？(time)_________________73.這款國產(chǎn)電器一經(jīng)問世便銷售火爆。(sell)_________________74.我認為有些錯誤在所難免，關(guān)鍵是我們要從中吸取教訓(xùn)。(impossible)_________________75.為了營造舒適的就餐環(huán)境，許多餐廳不允許抽煙，這對廣大顧客來說是一大福音。(forbid)_________________參考答案：72.ThisisthefirsttimethathehasgonebackhometowntospendtheSpringFestival,isn’tit?

73.Oncethedomesticelectricalappliancewasreleased/emerged/cameintobeing/existence,itsoldverywell.

74.Ithinkitimpossibletoavoidsomemistakes,whatmatters/isimportant/isthekeypointisthatweshouldlearnalessonfromthem.

75.Tooffer/build/createacomfortabledinning/eatingenvironment,smokingisforbiddeninmanyrestaurants,whichisapieceofgoodnewstomostconsumers.【分析】考查漢譯英。【72題詳解】考查固定句式。句式thisisthefirsttimethat+現(xiàn)在完成時，故譯為ThisisthefirsttimethathehasgonebackhometowntospendtheSpringFestival,isn’tit?【73題詳解】考查固定用法。短語comeintobeing/existence“產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)”；本句為once引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時。故譯為Oncethedomesticelectricalappliancewasreleased/emerged/cameintobeing/existence,itsoldverywell.?！?4題詳解】考查固定用法。think后跟形式賓語it指代下文不定式真正賓語，形容詞impossible做賓語補足語。短語whatmatters/isimportant/isthekeypoint“重要的是……”。故譯為Ithinkitimpossibletoavoidsomemistakes,whatmatters/isimportant/isthekeypointisthatweshouldlearnalessonfromthem.?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞和動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。本句不定式做目的狀語，主句主語smoking與謂語動詞forbid構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系；且非限定性定語從句修飾上文整個句子，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which。故譯為Tooffer/build/createacomfortabledinning/eatingenvironment,smokingisforbiddeninmanyrestaurants,whichisapieceofgoodnewstomostconsumers.。【點睛】it作形式賓語的用法。當不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或從句在某個句子中作賓語時，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無詞義。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”。①當不定式（短語）、動名詞（短語）或從句在復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動詞的賓語時（如think,make,find,consider,feel,suppose等）；基本句式結(jié)構(gòu)——一、動詞+it+that-從句。如：（1）sbfind/believe/think/feel/consider/make+it+n+todo/that從句，如：Itakeit(that)hewillcomeontime.我認為他會準時來的。Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.（他立志決不向別人借錢。）Ithinkitnoneedtalkingaboutitwiththem.（我認為沒必要跟他們談。）（2）sbfind/think/make+it+adj.+todosth/that從句(賓語從句)如：Idon’tfeelitdifficulttounderstandtheSpecialEnglish.（我覺得理解英語特別節(jié)目并不難。）IfinditinterestingtolearnEnglish.如第三小題，think后跟形式賓語it指代下文不定式真正賓語，形容詞impossible做賓語補足語。二、動詞+prep+it+that-從句。如：Ican’tanswerforitthathewillcome.我不能保證他會來。Youmayrelyonitthathe’llcometomeetyou.你放心，他會來接你的。Youmaydependonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.（盡管放心，我們會隨時幫你的。）說明：能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不多，常見的有seeto,lookto,insiston,stickto,dependon,answerfor等。注意：that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句不能直接作介詞的賓語三、動詞+it+介詞短語+that-從句。如：Weoweittoyouthattherewasn’taseriousaccident.（多虧了你才沒有發(fā)生嚴重事故。）Itookitforgrantedthathewouldhelpus.我認為他會幫助我們的。注意：由及物動詞與介詞組成的固定搭配中，賓語從句若作該動詞的賓語時，須借用it。常見的有takeitforgranted,bringittosb’sattention,oweittosb等。四、動詞+it+when/if/that-從句。如：(1)sb＋hate/dislike/love/like＋it＋when－從句Ihateitwhenmymotherasksmetoeateggs.（我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。）Idislikeitwhenyouwhistle.我不愛聽你吹口哨。(2)sb＋appreciate/prefer＋it＋if－從句Ireallyappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmewithmymath.I’dpreferitifIdidn’thavetodosomuchwork要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。三、閱讀理解20.Youcanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisnotyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersPaulFranklandandBlakeRichardsoftheUniversityofTorontofoundthattheneurobiology（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)）offorgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecisionmakingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.“Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecisionmaking.Assuch,transience(轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝)isasimportantaspersistenceinmemorysystems，”theirstudyinNeuronstates.Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesnotmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand,itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostuptodateinformationonsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbygeneratingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)inourhippocampus(海馬體),whichhavethepowertooverwriteexistingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecisionmaking.“Ifyou'retryingtodealwiththesituationandyourbrainisconstantlybringingupmultipleconflictingmemories,thatmakesitharderforyoutomakeawisedecision，”RichardstoldScienceDaily.Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain'slearningregion,tryexercising.Moderateaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalking,andswimminghavebeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecisionmakingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonminorpastdetails.Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.“Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou'regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife，”Richardssaid.Ifyou'reananalystwhomeetswithaclientweekly,yourbrainwillrecognizethatthisisaclientwhosenameandstoryyouneedtoremember.Ifthisissomeoneyoumaynevermeetagain,yourbrainwillweighthatinformationaccordingly.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.Title：BeingForgetfulMightActuallyMeanYou're____71____IntroductionRecentresearchprovesthatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength,forforgettingandselectivememoryareof____72____importanceinourdecisionmaking.ThegoalofmemoryPeopletakeadvantageofmemorytomakegooddecisionsratherthan___73___information.____74____ofbeingforgetfulIthelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.●Makingwisedecisionsinvolvestheexistingmemoriesmaking___75___forthelatestinformation.●Meanwhile,toomuchcontradictoryinformationinmemorycandoharmtoourdecisionmaking.●Exercisinghelpsincreaseneurons,contributingtoour

____76____decisionmaking.Ithelpsusseethebig

____77____．

●After

____78____theinformationitgets,thebrainchoosestofocusonthekeypoints,occasionallyforgettingunimportantpastdetails.●Whethertorememberorforgetparticularstuffis____79____bythedegreeoftheconsistencyoftheenvironmentandthe____80____ofthingsreappearinglaterinlife.ConclusionOurbrainsareworkingsmarterwhenaimingtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.參考答案：71.Smarter

72.equal

73.transmit

74.Advantages/Benefits

75.way/space/room

76.improved/better

77.picture

78.weighing/comparing

79.determined/decided

80.likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是一篇最新研究。如果事事牢記不是你的強項，你可以放心了。最新研究表明，健忘可能是個優(yōu)點。事實上，選擇性記憶甚至可能表明智商更高。文章敘述了健忘的優(yōu)勢?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)第一段中Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.可知，健忘可能意味著你更聰明。故答案為Smarter。【72題詳解】根據(jù)第二段中Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersPaulFranklandandBlakeRichardsoftheUniversityofTorontofoundthattheneurobiology（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)）offorgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecisionmakingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.可知，最近的研究證明，健忘可能是一種力量，因為遺忘和選擇性記憶在我們的決策中是同等重要的。故答案為equal?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)第三段第一句Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.可知，人們利用記憶來做出正確的決定，而不是傳輸信息。故答案為transmit。【74題詳解】根據(jù)右方框中的內(nèi)容可知，這里說的是健忘的優(yōu)勢，故答案為Advantages/Benefits。【75題詳解】根據(jù)第四段中Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesnotmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand,itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostuptodateinformationonsituations.可知，做出明智的決定涉及到現(xiàn)有的記憶，為最新的信息騰出空間。故答案為way/space/room?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)第六段中Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain'slearningregion,tryexercising.Moderateaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalking,andswimminghavebeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.可知，鍛煉有助于增加神經(jīng)元，有助于我們更好的決策。故答案為improved/better?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)第七段最后一句Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.可知，它幫助我們看清全局。故答案為picture?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)第七段中Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecisionmakingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonminorpastdetails.Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.可知，在權(quán)衡了它得到的信息之后，大腦選擇專注于關(guān)鍵的點，偶爾忘記不重要的過去的細節(jié)。故答案為weighing/comparing?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou'regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife可知，是否要記住或忘記某些特定的東西是由環(huán)境的一致性程度，以及在以后的生活中重新出現(xiàn)的可能性決定的。故答案為determined/decided?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou'regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife可知，是否要記住或忘記某些特定的東西是由環(huán)境的一致性程度，以及在以后的生活中重新出現(xiàn)的可能性決定的。故答案為likelihood/chance/possibility/probability。21.In2006,SalKhanlaunched“KhanAcademy”toprovideYouTubeteachingforhis12-year-oldcousinwhoneededhelpwithmaths.Theonlineschoolnowprovidesmorethan580milliononlinelessonsinover36languages.Lastfall,KhancreatedaphysicalschoolinCalifornia.TheKhanLabSchoolrunsdifferentlyfromtraditionalschools.There’snohomeworkorgrades,andstudents—rangingfromagesfiveto12—sharethesameclassroom.“It’sonly150yearsthatweseparatedchildrenbyageinclassrooms,”saidKhan.“Theideaisthatyoucanlearnalotfromthestudentswhoarealittleolderthanyouandifyou’re12yearsoldyoucouldexercisealotofleadershipbeingateacherassistantfortheyoungerstudents.”Theschoolalsobreaksupthestudentsbasedontheir“independencelevel,”ratherthantheirage.“Whateverindependencelevelyou’reon—whetherinmath