高中英語人教版本冊總復(fù)習(xí) 微課3

第二單元過關(guān)檢測(時間:90分鐘滿分:120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共12小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中,選出最佳選項。A導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080020AteamofMichiganStateUniversity(MSU)researchershasdevelopedanew,moreefficientwayofcloningzebrafish,abreakthroughthatcouldhaveanimpactonresearchintohumanhealth.Zebrafisharequicklybecomingtheanimalofchoiceformanyresearchers.“Aftermice,theyarethemostcommonlyusedvertebrates,thatis,animalswithbackbones,ingeneticstudies,”saysJoseCibelli,theleaderoftheteam.“Theyareusedincancerandheart-diseaseresearchbecausetheyhavemanyofthesamegenesaspeoplehave.”Formorethan20years,zebrafishhavealsoservedasanexcellentmodelforunderstandingbothnormaldevelopmentandbirthrecently,researchwithzebrafishhasextendedtomodelinghumandiseases.Traditionalcloningusesaneggandadonor(捐贈者)DNAisremovedfromtheeggandreplacedbytheDNAtakenfromtheresultingfishisanexactgeneticcopyoftheCibelli’stechnique,theeggisremovedfromthefemalezebrafishandplacedintheovarian(卵巢的)fluidofaChinooksalmon,anotherkindoffish,beforethedonorcellisplacedintothepreviousmethodsofcloningzebrafishhadverylowsurvivalthenewtechnique,thenumberofclonedfishisincreasedby15percent.Whatmakeszebrafishsousefulinresearchisthattheireggsaretransparent(透明的),makingthefish’sdevelopmenteasytofollow.Improvingzebrafishcloningtechniquesisalsoimportantbecausecurrentlythemouseistheonlygoodmodelforgeneticresearch.“Sofarthemouseistheonlyanimalfromwhichyoucandeletegenesinareliableway,”Cibellisays.“Whatresearchersdoistomutate(使變異)agene,destroyitsfunctioncompletely,andthenstudytheconsequence.”dowelearnaboutzebrafishfromthetext?canbeusedtocurehumandiseases.havebeenusedingeneticstudiesfor20years.aretheonlyvertebratesusedincloning.survivalratesareincreasedbythenewmethodofcloning.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后的“...thenumberofclonedfishisincreasedby15percent.”可以知道,這種新的克隆技術(shù)可以大大提高克隆斑馬魚的成活率;根據(jù)第四段的“Formorethan20years,zebrafishhavealsoservedasanexcellentmodelforunderstandingbothnormaldevelopmentandbirthimperfections.”可知B項錯誤;根據(jù)第三段第一句可知C項錯誤;A項文中沒有提及。答案：Dchoosezebrafishforgeneticresearchbecause.

havethesamegenesashumanbeingsareakindofvertebrategenescanbechangedeggsareeasytoobserve解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Whatmakeszebrafishsousefulinresearchisthattheireggsaretransparent(透明的),makingthefish’sdevelopmenteasytofollow.”可知人們之所以選擇斑馬魚進行基因研究是因為它們的卵是透明的,利于觀察。答案：D20zebrafishcouldbeclonedbythepreviousmethod,howmanyzebrafishcanbeclonedbythenewone?... .解析：根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Withthenewtechnique,thenumberofclonedfishisincreasedby15percent.”可知答案為B項。答案：B’sthetextmainlyabout?cloninghasdeveloped.studyofanewwaytoclonezebrafish.breakthroughinresearchintohumanhealth.,thebestmodelforgeneticresearch.解析：通讀全文可知,作者是在介紹一種比較新的克隆斑馬魚的研究,因此B項符合題意。答案：BB導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080021“I’venevermetahumanworthcloning,”sayscloningexpertMarkWesthusinfromhislabatTexasA&MUniversity.“It’sastupidendeavour.”That’saninterestingchoiceofadjective,comingfromamanwhohasspentmillionsofdollarstryingtoclonea13-year-olddognamedfar,heandhisteamhavenotsucceeded,thoughtheyhaveclonedtwocowsandexpecttocloneacatjustmightsucceedincloningMissythisspring—orperhapsnotforanotherfiveseemsthereproductivesystemofman’sbestfriendisoneofthemysteriesofmodernscience.WesthusinisnowupsetbyallthistalkofhumanthreeyearsofworkontheMissyproject,usinghundredsuponhundredsofthatdog’seggs,theA&Mteamhasproducedonlyadozenorsoembryos(胚胎)carryingMissy’shavesurvivedthetransfertoasurrogate(代孕的)maybeacceptablewhenyou’redealingwithcatsorbulls,heargues,butnotwithhumans.“Cloningisincrediblyinefficient,andalsodangerous,”hesays.Evenso,dogcloningisacommercialopportunity,withaniceresearchsinceDollythesheepwasclonedin1996,Westhusin’sphonehasbeenringingwithpeoplecallinginhopeofcloningtheircats,dogs,cattleorhorses.Contrarytosomemediareports,MissyisnotownerwantsatwintocarryonMissy’sfinequalitiesaftershedoes’smasterdoesnotexpectanexactcopyofknowsherclonemaynothaveherastatementofpurpose,Missy’sownerandtheA&MteamsaytheyarebothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonesdifferfromMissy.Besidescloningagreatdog,theprojectmaycontributeinsightintotheoldquestionofnaturevsnurture(先天和后天).Itcouldalsoleadtothecloningofspecialrescuedogsandmanyendangeredanimals.However,Westhusiniscautiousabouthisknowsthatevenifhegetsadogpregnant,thebabydog,ifitshouldsurvive,willfacetheproblemsshownatbirthbyotherclonedanimals:abnormalities(畸形)andweightproblems.Paragraph1,bysaying“stupidendeavour”,Westhusinintendstosaythat.

cloningisnotworththeeffortatallcloningisabsolutelyimpracticalcloningshouldbedoneselectivelycloningisafoolishundertaking解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Westhusin所說的話“I’venevermetahumanworthcloning”以及“It’sastupidendeavour”來看,他指的是humancloning這件事,并對其持否定態(tài)度。答案：DdoesthefirstparagraphtellusaboutWesthusin’sdogcloningproject?successisalreadyinsight.outcomeremainsuncertain.isdoomedtoutterfailure.isprogressingsmoothly.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“TheyjustmightsucceedincloningMissythisspring—orperhapsnotforanotherfiveyears...oneofthemysteriesofmodernscience.”可知,成功可能近在眼前,也可能遙遙無期,因此“結(jié)果還不確定”。答案：BcloningMissy,MarkWesthusinhopesto.

thepossibilityofcloninghumansforwaystomodifyhertemperamentthereproductivesystemofthedogspeciesoutthedifferencesbetweenMissyandherclones解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句可知,Missy的主人和研究人員聲稱他們的研究目的是“bothlookingforwardtostudyingthewaysthatherclonesdifferfromMissy”。答案：Dcanbeseenthatcloningtechniques.

havealongwaytogobeforereachingmaturitybeenwidelyusedinsavingendangeredspecieslightonthequestionofnaturevsnurtureprovedquitesatisfactoryforthecloningofhumans解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句、最后一段及綜合全文可知,人類的克隆技術(shù)遠未成熟,因此答案為A項。答案：AC導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080022Whatifwecouldreplaceoilwithafuelwhichproducednopollutionandwhicheverybodyhadequalaccessto?Thegoodnewsisthatwefact,weareswimminginit—literally.Hydrogenisoneofthebuildingblocksoftheownsunisbasicallyabig,densecloudofthehydrogencanbeusedtocreateelectricityforpower,heatandlight.Theproblemisthathydrogeniseverywhereandnowhereatthesamedoesnotexistasamaterialonitsown,butisalwayspartofsomethingithastobeseparatedbeforeitcanbeused.Mostcommercialhydrogeninusenowiscreatedfromnaturaloilwillstarttorunoutinoraroundtheyear2030,itmakessensetoproduceasmuchhydrogenaspossibleandassoonaswenaturalgassupplieswillalsobegintorunoutsoonsourceisneeded.Researchersarenowusingelectricitytomakewaterintoareworkingontheproblemintheirownfirstcommercialhydrogen,“fuelcells”forcomputersandmobilephoneshavealreadycomeontothecompanieshavealsoinvestedover$2billionintheproductionofhydrogenfuelledcars.Thenationsofahydrogenfuelledplanetwouldnotfightoverenergywouldbeagreatreductioninpollution,becausetheonlyby-productofcreatinghydrogenispuredrinkingwater—somethingthatisveryscarceinmanypartsofthethatisnotwherethegoodnewsthecostsofproducinghydrogenhavebeenbroughtdown,itwillpossiblyprovidepowerforathirdoftheEarth’spopulationthathasnoelectricity.AndelectricitycreatesSouthAfricaoverthelastdecadetherehasbeenalargeprogrammeoftotheprogramme,peopledonothavetospendtheirdayslookingforfirewoodtoburnforwithelectriclight,theycanworklongintothenight.Somescientistsseeradicalchangesinthewaythehumanracecreateselectricity,andisalsocreatedbydual-usefuelcells,everyonewhoconsumesenergycouldalsoproduceatnight,amandriveshomeinLondonandconnectshiscarintothe“world-widehydrogenweb”,whichitsupplieswithfewhourslater,amaninBeijingusesthatelectricitytopowerthehydrogencellinhiscouldbethefirstdemocraticenergysource.Likealldreamsofthefuture,itseemsveryfarthethreatofwarandterrorismintheMiddleEasthasmadegovernmentsandbusinessesmoreawareoftheneedtoendoildependencyandspendmoretimeandmoneyonhydrogenresource.doestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastbutoneparagraphreferto?. .. .解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)“Somescientistsseeradicalchangesinthewaythehumanracecreateselectricity,andisalsocreatedbyit.”可知這里的it就是指electricity,說明這兩種物質(zhì)hydrogen和electricity是相互轉(zhuǎn)化的。故C項正確。答案：Cistheproblemwithusinghydrogenasenergy?hasby-products.hastobeseparatedfromothermaterials.willmakeenergytoocheap.istoofarawayfromus.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知最大的問題是hydrogen并不是單獨存在,而是和其他的物質(zhì)在一起。所以要使用hydrogen,首先就是要把hydrogen分離出來。故B項正確。答案：Bdoestheauthorgivetheexampleinthelastbutoneparagraph?tellusthatweproduceenergywhileusinghydrogenpower.tellusthathydrogenpowerdoesnotproducepollution.showhydrogenpowercanstopwar.showhydrogenpowerischeap.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段的“Somescientistsseeradicalchangesinthewaythehumanracecreateselectricity,andisalsocreatedbydual-usefuelcells,everyonewhoconsumesenergycouldalsoproduceit.”可知舉這個例子就是為了告訴我們在分離出hydrogen的時候,我們也需要消耗電能等其他能源。故A項正確。答案：Aistheauthor’sattitudeaboutthefuture?. .. .解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知作者對于未來并不是很擔(dān)憂,而是很樂觀。故D項正確。答案：DⅡ.七選五(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080023KeepskillssharpduringwinterbreakWinterbreakmeansbeingfreefromhomeworkanddailybeforeyouknowit,theholidayswillbeoveranditwillbebacktothebusstop.13Trythesefamily-friendlyactivitiestokeepskillssharpduringwinterbreak:

·ReadforyourchildisinthemoodforholidaystorieslikeTheNightBeforeChristmasorthenewestonefromhisfavouriteseries,winterbreakprovidestheperfectchancetoputawayschoolbooksandreadforfun.14Youcangatherinfrontofthefiretotaketurnsreadingfromclassictales.

·15Chancesarethatmanyofyourfamily’sfavouriteboardandcardgamesstrengthenskillssuchascounting,reading,andthegrouptoplaygamesyouusuallydon’thavetimeforonschoolnights.

·Keepupreasonablebedtimes.16Afewdaysbeforeschoolstartsupagain,easebackintotheregularbedtimeschedulesoyourchildcanstarttheyearbright-eyed.

·Letkidshelpwithonlinealast-minutegiftforGrandmaorUncleJoe?Logontoyourfavouriteshoppingsitesandletyourchildhelpyouselectpresents.17

·Writethank-younotesofappreciationtogift-giversnotonlyteachesyourchildgratitude,butalsohelpshimpolishwritingandspellingskills.afamilygamenight.afamilyget-together.relativestogivebooksasholidaygifts.helpschildrenworkontheircomputerandresearchskills.yourchildstayatthetopofhisclassduringthevacation.noschooltogetupfor,youarelikelytoletkidsbecomenightowls.prepareforasuccessfulsecondterm,don’tletschoolskillsslidecompletely.答案：13~17GCAFDⅢ.完形填空(共20小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080024“Mum,canIinvitemyclassmateBrettovertostaytomorrownight,please?It’sFriday,andwedon’thaveany18.CanI,please?”Mumwassittingatthekitchenwas19nexttoher,restinghisheadonhiscould20thatJameswantedsobadlytohavehisfriendover.

“I’msosorry,James,”shesaid.“I’mneverallowedtohavefriendscometothehouse?Why,Mum?”Jamesaskedsadly,almostin21.

“Iknowit’s22foryou,”Mumsaidsoftly.“ButI’mjustworriedotherpeoplemightthinkwe’realittle...thentheywouldmakefunofyou.”

“No,theywouldn’t,Mum,”Jamesprotested.“We’renot23at’rejustordinarypeople.”

Mumsighedheavily.“Totellyouthetruth,James,myneckhasbeensopainfulthatit’sgivenmeaheavy24.Andyourpoorfather—hedoesn’tfeel25.Hereallyneedsarest.”

“Icanhelp,Mum!”Jamessaid.“26IcanmakeyouandDadfeelbetter,canBrettcomeover?Please?”

“Well...”Mumbegan.“Great!Thanks,Mum!”Jamesalmostshouted.“Justsitthereanddon’tmove.”Herushedovertothekitchendrawerand27whatheneeded—twospanners(扳手).“Hangon,Mum,”hesaid.“Thiswon’ttakeasecond.”Aftersome28,Jamesasmileof29onhisfacehesaid,“There!Howdoesthatfeel?”“Oh,James,”Mumsaid.“That’smuchbetter!Howdidyoudoit?”

“Easy,”Jamessaid30.“Dadhadtightenedyourneckbolts(螺栓)toomuch!Ijust31themslightly!Ilearnedthatinroboticscienceatschool.”

“Whataboutyourfather?Canyou32him?”askedMum.

“I’lltry,”James33upDad’shairatthebackofhisneck,andpluggedtheelectricwireintoDad’sheturnedthe34openedhiseyesand35immediately.“Hejustlethis36runtoolowandthat’sall,”Jamessaid.“ShallItellBretttocomeoverstraightafterschooltomorrow?”

“Iguessso,”repliedMum.“Yourfriendswilljusthaveto37thatweareaveryunusual,son!”

解析：前文提到是周五,快到周末了,此處強調(diào)他們沒有任何作業(yè),故想邀請同學(xué)來家里玩。homework“作業(yè)”;chance“機會”;message“信息”;difficulty“困難”。答案：C 解析：根據(jù)后半句“restinghisheadonhisarms”可知爸爸頭枕著胳膊在休息,再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第四句“Dadopenedhiseyes...”可知,爸爸當(dāng)時睡著了。答案：A 解析：此處表示媽媽能看出詹姆斯極想將其同學(xué)邀請到家里來。see“看出”;explain“解釋”;agree“同意”;doubt“懷疑”。答案：B 解析：根據(jù)前文“Jamesaskedsadly”可知詹姆斯非常傷心,幾乎要哭了,故選B項。intears“眼淚汪汪地”;interror“恐懼地”;insurprise“吃驚地”;insilence“寂靜地,無聲地”。答案：B 解析：由后文的“But”可知此處表示“這對你來說很難”。故選D項。答案：D 解析：根據(jù)前文媽媽擔(dān)心其他人會認為他們很奇怪可知此處表示“我們一點也不奇怪”,故選A項。答案：A 解析：前文提到媽媽的脖子很疼,故應(yīng)該是連帶著頭疼。headache“頭疼”;loss“損失”;task“任務(wù)”;day“日子”。答案：A 解析：根據(jù)后文他的爸爸的確需要休息可知爸爸感覺不好,故選D項。well“感覺好,身體健康”;ill“生病的”;funny“滑稽的”;sorry“后悔的,遺憾的”。答案：D 解析：此處表示條件,本句句意:如果我能讓你和爸爸感覺好一點的話,Brett能來嗎?答案：B 解析：他跑到廚房拉開抽屜找到了自己所需要的東西。find“找到”;keep“保持”;control“控制”;return“歸還”。答案：C 解析：前文提到他讓媽媽稍等片刻,故應(yīng)是做了一番修理之后,詹姆斯結(jié)束了工作。repair“修理”;request“要求”;thought“思想”;instruction“說明”。答案：C 解析：前文提到他結(jié)束了自己的工作,后文提到媽媽的感覺很好,故此處表示他面帶滿意的微笑。satisfaction“滿意,滿足”;sympathy“同情”;bitterness“痛苦”;politeness“禮貌”。答案：B 解析：前文提到媽媽感覺好多了,故此處指的是詹姆斯對自己所做的事情感到很自豪,故選D項。proudly“自豪地”;embarrassedly“尷尬地”;gratefully“感激地”;impatiently“不耐煩地”。答案：D 解析：前文提到爸爸將媽媽脖子上的螺栓擰得太緊了,此處表示“我”只是將它們稍微調(diào)了一下。adjust“調(diào)整”;collect“收集”;produce“生產(chǎn)”;cover“覆蓋”。答案：A 解析：根據(jù)前文“Icanhelp,Mum!”及后文他使爸爸感覺好一些可知此處媽媽問他能否幫爸爸調(diào)整一下,故選C項。greet“問候”;accompany“陪伴”;ask“詢問”。答案：C 解析：根據(jù)后文將電線插到爸爸的頭上可知此處表示他將爸爸的頭發(fā)挽上去,故選A項。liftup“抬起,提起”;catchup“趕上”;giveup“放棄”;fillup“填充,填滿”。答案：A 解析：前文提到將電線插到爸爸的頭上,故此處指的是將電源打開。turnthepoweron“打開電源”;turnthetelevisionon“打開電視”;turnthelighton“打開燈”;turnthegason“打開煤氣”。答案：Bup downdown up解析：前文提到爸爸睜開眼,后文提到一切都很好,故此處表示的是爸爸接著就能坐起來了。growup“長大”;liedown“躺下”;breakdown“出毛病,不運轉(zhuǎn)”;situp“坐起來”。答案：D 解析：根據(jù)前文將電線插到爸爸的頭上可知是給爸爸身體里的電池充電。爸爸感覺不好的原因就是電壓過低,即電量不足。battery“電池”;food“食物”;temperature“溫度”;blood“血液”。答案：C 解析：根據(jù)前文詹姆斯所做的一切及媽媽同意他將同學(xué)邀請到家里來玩可知,此處表示“你的朋友們一定會接受我們是一個不一般的家庭的”。accept“接受”;prove“證明”;expect“期望,預(yù)料”;suspect“懷疑,猜測”。答案：DⅣ.語法填空(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。導(dǎo)學(xué)號53080025(2023廣州模擬)Thereoncewasaforestfilledwithhappydayaraccoon(浣熊)foundsomesocksleftbehindbypicnickers,and38.(decide)towearfittedsowell,andfeltso39.(comfort),thathekeptthemspenthisdays40.(walk)throughtheforestinhisnewsocks.

Otheranimalsbecameenviousoftheraccoon’snewlookandfollowedhisitwassquirrelsin41.(shirt),thenrabbits42.hatson,andfinallybirdswearingunderpants!

DoctorBear,theforestphysician,disapprovedandtriedtowarnthe.noone,theyurgedhimtofollowthelatesttrendtoo.

Soon,theproblemssquirrelcaughthisshirtonabranchandcrashedtotherabbittriedenteringhisholewhile44.(wear)hishatandgottheraccoon,thankstohisbrightcolouredsocks,slippedintotheriverandalmostdied.

Whenthe45.(injure)animalscametoseeDoctorBear,hetoldthem,“Yourclothesarekillingdon’tneed46..”

Those47.listenedtothedoctor’sadvicefinallyunderstoodtheydidn’tneed’donlystartedwearingclothestomakeothersenvythem.

答案：Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的