2021-2022學年四川省攀枝花市第一高級中學高二英語下學期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學年四川省攀枝花市第一高級中學高二英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題33.Frommom’slove,patienceandunderstanding,Ihavelearnedwhatahugeresponsibility__________istoraiseachild.A.one

B.that

C.this

D.it參考答案：D略2.Thecoatmadeofthiskindcloth_____well.Ithinkitisworthy_______.A.washes;buying

B.iswashed;buyingC.washes;tobebought

D.iswashed;tobebought參考答案：C略3.Mymotherlikedthiskindofdress________andboughtsomematerialtomakeoneathome.A．inparticular

B．intheflesh

C．ontheotherhand

D．bycoincidence參考答案：A4.Willpowerisakindofquality,______is______ittakestodoanythingwell.A．what;which B．what;what C．which;which D．which;what參考答案：A略5.Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutside_____fullycoveredinthickclothes.A.if

B.unless

C.once

D.when參考答案：B6.Thehouse,___wasdamaged,hasnowbeenrepaired.

A.whichtheroof

B.theroofofwhich

C.ofwhichroof

D.thatwhoseroof參考答案：B略7.——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——I_______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attended

B.hadattended

C.wouldattend

D.wouldhaveattended參考答案：D8.—HaveyouevervisitedHangzhouNo.2HighSchool? —Yes.WhenIwasinZhejiang,I________ittwice. A.havevisited

B.visited

C.hadvisited D.wouldvisit參考答案：B9.Thereisnoneed________andit’snouse________theretooearly.A．torush；arriving

B．toworry；toarriveC．worrying；arriving

D．torush；toarrive參考答案：A10.Theordercame

thesoldiers

thesmallvillagethenextmorning.A.that;hadtoleave B.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleave D.when;shouldleave參考答案：B【詳解】考查從句連詞和虛擬語氣。句意：士兵們第二天早上離開這個小村子這個命令傳來。第一空為同位語從句，作order的同位語，從句中不缺少成分，所以選擇that，order后面的從句中要使用虛擬語氣，即sbshoulddosth,所以選擇B。11.Wearesaidtobelivingin__InformationAge,__timeofnewdiscoveriesandgreatchanges.A.an;the

B.不填;the

C.不填;a

D.the;a參考答案：D12.Ifmycar_____morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.

A.was

B.wouldbe

C.shouldbe

D.hadbeen參考答案：D13.Shewasbusytextingonhercellphone____shewasstartledbycarshonkinganddriversshoutingather.A.when

B.while

C.asif

D.ifonly參考答案：A14.----Isthereanypossibilityofthefilm_____inParisInternationalFestival?

----Notintheleast,becausetheaudiencegenerallythinklittleofit.

A.beingtriedout

B.triedout

C.tryingout

D.totryout

參考答案：A略15.Wehave________oftime,andsowemustendthemeetingassoonaspossibletoday.We’llchooseothertimetocontinueourdiscussion.A.takenup

B.comeout

C.givenup

D.runout參考答案：D16.Ifyouhavebeenbadlytreatedinabank,makeacomplainttothemanager,either

oroverthephone. A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.patiently參考答案：C17.___________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.Which

B.When

C.What

D.As參考答案：D18.WiththethirdwaveofeducationandfutureapplicationofAI________theshiftinhowworkersseelearningthroughouttheirlife.A.came

B.coming

C.come

D.comes參考答案：D【詳解】考查倒裝句和主謂一致。本句主語是名詞短語theshiftinhowworkersseelearningthroughouttheirlife，所以謂語動詞應該使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。排除BC項，A項是過去時，敘述過去發(fā)生的事情，而本句并無過去時的背景。句意：隨著第三次教育浪潮的出現(xiàn)以及人工智能的運用，隨之而來的是工人對學習的看法的改變。故D項正確?！军c睛】本題考查了主謂一致用法，主謂一致主要指“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面的一致關系。對大多數(shù)人來說，往往會在掌握主語和隨后的謂語動詞之間的一致問題上遇到困難。一般情況下，主謂之間的一致關系由以下三個原則的支配：語法一致原則(grammaticalconcord)意義一致原則(notionalconcord)就近原則(principleofproximity)?！爸髦^一致”考查內容涉及名詞單數(shù)或復數(shù)作主語、不可數(shù)名詞作主語、不定代詞作主語、并列結構作主語、特殊名詞作主語時與謂語動詞數(shù)的一致等。二、翻譯19.盡管今早看上去要下雨，結果卻是晴天。（turnout）參考答案：Thoughtitlookedlikerainthismorning,ithasturnedouttobeafineday.三、閱讀理解20.Peoplehavebeenwonderingwhyelephantsdonotdevelopcancereventhoughtheyhavealifespan(壽命)thataresimilartohumans,livingforaround50to70years.Nowscientistsbelievetheyknowwhy.AteamattheUniversityofChicago,UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(腫瘤)developing.Tobeprecise,theyfound20copiesofananti－tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.

Mostotherspecies,includinghumans,onlycarryonecopy.Accordingtotheresearch,theextracopiesofthegeneimprovedtheanimal'ssensitivitytoDNAdamage,whichletsthecellsquicklykillthemselveswhendamagedbeforetheycangoontoformdeadlytumors.“Anincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerhasstoodinthewayoftheevolutionoflargebodysizesinmanyanimals，”thestudyauthorDrVincentLynchtoldTheGuardian.Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice.Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.This_phenomenonwasfoundbyOxfordUniversityscientistRichardPetointhe1970sandlaternamed“Peto'sparadox(悖論)”.Biologistsbelieveitresultsfromlargeranimalsusingprotectionthatmanysmalleranimalsdonot.

Intheelephant'scase,themakingofTP53isnature'swayofkeepingthisspeciesalive.Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.“Naturehasalreadyfiguredouthowtopreventcancer，”saidJoshuaSchiffman,abiologistattheSchoolofMedicine,UniversityofUtah,US.“It'suptoustolearnhowdifferentanimalsdealwiththeproblemsothatwecanusethosestrategiestopreventcancerinpeople.”32.Whyareelephantsunlikelytodevelopcancer?A.Theyhavearatherlargebodysize.B.TheirgenessuffernoDNAdamage.C.Certaingenesintheirbodykillexistingtumors.D.Theycarrymanygenestopreventtumorsdeveloping.33.Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenariskintheevolutionoflargeanimals?A.Deadlytumors.

B.Thehugebodymass.C.Cellskillingthemselves.

D.SensitivitytoDNAdamage.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Thisphenomenon”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A.LargeranimalshaveprotectionfromTP53.B.Theriskofcancerisnotrelatedtobodysize.C.Largeranimalssufferthesameriskofcancerassmallerones.D.Thelargeranimalsare,thebiggerriskofcancertheywillhave.35.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Dependingonnatureissurelyenoughtofightagainstcancer.B.TheTP53geneshaveprovedusefulinstoppingcancerinpeople.C.HumansareexpectedtopreventcancerwiththemakingofTP53.D.Theextracopiesofelephants'genesareusedtocurecancerpatients.參考答案：32-35.DABC32．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AteamattheUniversityofChicago,UShasfoundthatelephantscarryalargenumberofgenesthatstoptumors(腫瘤)developing.美國芝加哥大學的一個團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)大象攜帶大量的基因，阻止腫瘤的發(fā)展?？芍笙蟛坏冒┌Y是因為本身具有的基因問題。故選D項。

33．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Ifeverylivingcellhasthesamechanceofbecomingcancerous,largecreatureswithalonglifespanlikewhalesandelephantsshouldhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanhumansandmice.可知體型大的的動物患腫瘤的風險更大。故選A項。

34．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Butacrossspecies,theriskofcancerdoesnotshowaconnectionwithbodymass.可知癌癥并不與體型有關。因此Thisphenomenon指的是這種現(xiàn)象。故選B項。

35．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中Thestudyalsofoundthatwhenthesamegeneswerebroughttolifeinmice,theyhadthesamecancerresistanceaselephants.Thismeansresearcherscouldusethediscoverytodevelopnewtreatmentsthatcanhelpstopcancersspreadingorevendevelopinginthefirstplace.可知這項研究被用于老鼠身上時，他們有著和大象同樣的抗癌能力。這意味著研究人員可以用這個發(fā)現(xiàn)去開發(fā)新的治療方法，這種治療方法可以幫助阻止癌癥的擴散，甚至一開始就阻止其發(fā)展。再根據(jù)第二段theyfound20copiesofananti－tumorgenecalledTP53inelephants.可知這項研究指的是TP53的發(fā)現(xiàn)。綜上所述，可推斷出C項正確?！緜渥ⅰ窟@是一則說明文。主要介紹了大象為何很少患癌癥的原因，這對人類治療腫瘤具有非常重要的意義。21.Compassionisadesirewithinustohelpothers.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue,Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister（收款機）withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.Icouldn’thelpstaringathim,Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeifluckhadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld,ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable.“Chargeittome”wasallhesaid.WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither,thenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.【小題1】.Thea