2023年上海交通大學(xué)一九九九年秋季博士生入學(xué)考試試題

ｈearａpaｓsage.Ｔheｐasｓagewillbｅｂegｒaｄｕate,ｓpouｓe，(2)thusｏpｅnｏｒcloseaｇed,orｔｈeｏld.ｔｒypeｒｉｓhｉntheｓｎow,and(１３） ｔodaytheＩ3：(14)?ｔodｅath.Inmaytｏoｋforwａrdtoｏlｄage.chｉldren,grandchiｌｄｒｅn,ｔhemｔhｅｒeposｉtoｒｙofOldｍｅntyｐｉcalｌｙwｉeｌdaｓtｒeadsｏｆｆａmiliｅs,anｄtheaｇedofbotｈsexesaｒeｕsually(１9)anｄqｕesfan,weｄwｈｉcｈistheＤ)ToheｌpthｅmtoBillinggotgirlDｉreｃti:thｅsｅnteｎcesifｉｎsertedattｈｅｄｉfｆicuｌtsincethereａｒeｐoisonｏus ＣA)oｆfset?B)ｒedｒｅssC)heｒalｄD）ｃompｅｎsａt(yī)ewithtｈeｕsuaｌfｏrmalitiｅssinceweallｋｎoｗeachother57.Itｈｉnkwｅcan___＿_(dá)_witｈｔｈｅusｕalformaｌｉｔieｓsiｎcewｅａllkｎoｗeａchｏthｅrａlready．A)dispose B）dｉｓｐａt(yī)chC)dispense D)ｄiscｈarge58.Hejoinedacoｍputerdatｉngschemebutsofarｉthａsn't ａｓuiｔａblepａt(yī)teｒ.A)comebｙ?B)someaｃrｏssC）ｃomeupｗｉth Ｄ）comｅrouｎdtｏ59.Haｖeyｏuｔhoughtｗhａｔthe?_ｍigｈtｂeifyｏudidn'tｗiｎｙｏｕｒcaｓｅincourt?A）apｐｌｉｃａt(yī)ions B)coｎnｏtatioｎsＣ）impｌicatioｎs D)ｃｏmｐliｃatｉonｓ64.Ithｏuｇht1ｓａwwaterinthedistancebuｔiｔmuｓthａveｂeeｎａｎopticａｌA)ｐerceptioｎ B）deｌuｓioｎ C）iｌｌｕｓiｏn?D)deception61.Hewasinｔenｓelｙ__＿_(dá)_ bｙthewaｙthesｈopaｓsistantsｐoｋetohｉｍ.A)intｅrvenedC）injectｅdB)ｉｒrｉtatedD)insｕlatｅｄ62.Thepｅoplewｈowerｅ＿h(yuǎn)urtinｔhｅaｃcideｎtｗeｒｅtakeｎtoｔheonｌyhospｉtalｉnｔheimmediatｅ_____＿_(dá)_＿A)vｉcｉnity B）ｍoｂiｌityC)vｅlｏcity?D)ｉntegrity63.Ｗithallhiseｘｐｅｒｉｅnｃeabｒoadhewａsａmaｊｏr?ｔoｔheｃomｐany.A）ａt(yī)tenｄanｔ?B)ａsｓetC)attachment?D）ａt(yī)tribute6４.Don'tthankmefｏrhelpinｇinｔhegardｅn.Iｔwａs?pｌeasｕretｏbeｗorｋingoｕｔofdoors.Ａ)mere B）sheer Ｃ)plaｉn D）simpｌe6５.Tｈepeacｅoｆｔhｅｐubliclibrａrywaｓ?bｙｔhesoｕnｄoｆａt(yī)rａnsistｏrradio.A)ｓhutｔｅreｄ?"B)shatｔeredＣ)smasｈed Ｄ)frａcturｅd66.ItiｓdｏubｔｌessthatthｏsewｈｏｗishtoｓｕcceeｄshoｕｌｄbeＡ)ａｇｇrｅｓｓiｖe?B)possesｓiveC)cooｐeratｉve D）conveｎtionａｌ６7.Theｄampaｎdcoldweatｈｅｒｈaｄｐaｉｎｆuｌly theｐaｔienｔ'srheuｍａt(yī)iｓm.A)aｃtivated B)ａggrｅgａt(yī)edC)agｇrａｖａt(yī)ed?D)aｃceｌeｒａt(yī)ｅd68.1uｔterly?yoｕrａrgument．Inmyopｉｎｉon,haveｄisｔortedthefaｃtｓ.Ａ）dispuｔe?B)refuteC)ｃｏｎｆoｕｎｄ D)ｄeｃliｎe69.1thｉnkyouwiｌlfindthａt(yī)theincｏnvｅnｉenｃeoｆtｈedietis bythｅbeｎｅfｉts.A)oｕｔlookｅｄ B)ouｔrａnkeｄC）outfｏuｇhｔ D)ilｌ?Tｈereare6PasｓaｇeisfollｏwedbysomｅthｅdｉaｍondｓinBｒazil,anｄinＳｏｕthＡfrica.ｂyａｓｈarpblｏｗwithacｕｔtｉｎgedｇe.OilSuｒroundｉnｇroｃksａｎdｔａkeoｎｔｈeirｃolｏr.thuｓblａck,redandeｖeｎｂｒigｈtpｉnkｄiamonｄｓhavｅoｃcasiｏnａlｌybeｅnfｏund．ThetradｅindiaｍonｄsＩsｎｏtonlyiｎｔheｖalｕableｇemsｔｏnesbｕtalｓointheiｎｄuｓｔrｉalｄiamonｄsmentｉonedaｂove.Zairｅproｄuｃes７0%ofｓuchstoｎeｓ.Tｈeｙarefixedｉｎtｏthｅroｃkdrillsusediｎｍinｉｎgandcivilｅngiｎeerｉng,alsoforｅｄgｉnｇbandｓaｗsforcuttiｎgstｏne.Ｄiaｍond-facedtoｏｌsarｅuｓedfoｒｃｕｔtｉnｇａndｄriｌlinｇglassanｄｆinｅporｃｅｌainandｆoｒｄｅnｔists'dｒills．Theｙaｒｅusｅdａsｂearingｓｉnｗatchｅsandｏｔherｆineｌｙbalancedinstrｕmentｓ.Perｈapｓyouownsomｅｄiamｏｎdswiｔhoutknowｉｎgit--inyｏuｒwｒistｗatch!71.＇Cａｒｂonado'iｓthenaｍeｇiｖeｎtoA)oｎｌｙthevｅｒｙbｅstdiａmonｄsB)lumpsofpurecarboｎC)SｐａnishdiamｏndsD）diａmｏｎｄsｍaｄeupofmaｎysｍaｌlcｒystals72.TheartｏｆcuｔtingaｎdpoliｓhingｐrｅciousstonesremaiｎedcｒuｄeｕｎtiｌA）thefourteenｔｈcenturyＢ)thefifteenthｃenturyC)thesｉxteenthｃｅnturyD)theseveｎｔeentｈｃｅntｕry73.Duｒｉngfａceｔing,ｄiamｏndsａrｅheldｉncoｐｐeｒholdersA)tofacilitaｔeaｃｃuratecuｔｔiｎgB）ｔｏmaｋethemsｈinｅmｏreｂｒilｌiaｎtlyC)sothattheycanｒevｏlvemｏreｅasｉlyＤ）ａsａsｔeelholdeｒmightdamagｅｔhediamond74．Tｈeｖalueordeｒof｀waｔeｒ'inｄiamoｎd，?＿A）ｉsmorｅimpoｒtantｔhantheircolourB)rangesfrｏmbｌue-whiteuｐwａrdｓC）rａｎｇesfromblue-whitedowｎwardsＤ)hasnevｅrbeｅｎreliablyesｔaｂlished75.IｎdusｔriａldiａｍondsaｒeusedA)ｆoraｗideraｎgeｏfpｕrposesB)mａｉｎlyｆｏｒdentｉsts'ｄriｌlｓC)fordecoraｔioninrｉngsａndｗatcｈｅsD)princiｐallyinｍaｓｓ-proｄｕｃedｊeweｌlerｙPａssageTwoJuｓtａｂoutｅveｒyonｅkｎowstheｍeａｎingｏf`value"ｔhoｕghyou'dｎeverknowiｔfｒomｔhｅｅxcessesoｆtｈeEighｔies．Cｌｅvercamｐａｉgnｓoftｅnallowedmａrketｅrstochaｒｇemoreforｔｈeirproductandreaｐevｅr-highｅrpｒofｉtｓ.Iｔworkedｌikeadreamuntilｓuddenly,facｉｎgdiｆfiｃulｔｅconomｉctimｅs，coｎsumeｒswｏｒkuｐ．Ｎoｗ,ｔotheeｘtenttｈatthｅy'rｅbuyｉｎg，manｙcｏnsumeｒsareｃｈｏosｉｎｇｔhecaｒthatｄeｌｉvｅrsｔhｅｍosｔfｏrthemoney-－nｏｔｎecesｓaｒilythｅonｅtｈeycovetedaｓastatusｓｙmｂｏｌaｆeｗyeａrsago,theyareshifｔingtｏthetｏoｔhpastｅｔhatwｏrksfromthｅoｎeｓｗithitslｉcｋesｔpｒomotｉons.Ｃompaｎieｓthａt(yī)undeｒstanｄtｈisnewcｏｎsumerhａvｅcｏmeupｗｉtｓoｍｅtｈｉngnew:"ｖaｌｕeｍarketｉnｇ＂.Awoｒdoｆｃａuｔｉoniｓnecessaｒy．Inmarketing,wａｔｃhwordsｑuicklyｍｅtamorphｏsiｎtoｂuzｚｗords－-andvａlueiｓｎoexｃepｔion．Wｅ'renｏｔtapｉｎgaboｕtadstｈatmｅrｅlyboaｓｔofaｐroduｃt'ｓvalueorｅveｎｓuchlegitｉmａt(yī)eｓａt(yī)eｓtoolsａspricecｕｔｓaｎddisｃoｕnt：Usedcoｒrectly,ｖａlｕeｍａｒkｅtｉngamoｕnｔstｏmuchmorethａnjｕsｔsｔaｓhingｐｒｉcｅｓdisｔributingｃoupons．Itmｅaｎsgiｖingthecuｓtｏｍｅrａnimprｏｖｅdpｒｏduct，ｗithaｄｄｓ,feａt(yī)uresａndｅnhａnciｎgｔhｅroleoｆmａrketｉｎｇｉtself:Inｖaluｅmaｒketing,marketingｂecomespａｒtofthesyｓtemfordelｉｖeｒinｇvalｕet（thｅconsumeｒ．Instｅａdofmerelｙshapｉnｇｉmaｇｅ，sｕｃhaｐrogrammightoｆｆereｎhancegｕarａnteesorlｏngeｒｗarrantｉes,adsthatｅｄｕcaｔeraｔheｒthanhｙpe,membｅrshipclub:tｈatbuildlｏyalｔy,frｅquｅnt-bｕyerplans，imｐrovedcommｕｎicaｔionｓwithｃｕstomer.throuｇｈ８00ｎumｂｅｒs,orpackagｅｄeｓignthatｍakｅｓthepｒoｄucｔeasｉertouｓeormoreenvｉronｍｅntallｙfrｉeｎｄly．Ｔｈeseandothervａｌuｅ-mａrkeｔingtechniquescａnbｅe(cuò)xpensive．Theｙcａnｔncaｒａｄdｅdｐroductionandmarketingｃoｓtsadｄｅdｔｏlowｅrｕｎitpｒｉceｓ,Eveｎso,theｐrｉncipleｉnvolｖedｉnvaluemarkｅtiｎgvalｕeformｏney，animprｏvedｐroduｃt，enhanceｄ=Nice,anｄaddeｄfeatures--areｊusｔ%fｉatU＿S_buｓｉnessｎeedｓtｏenhaｎcｅitscｏmpetitｉveｎesｓiｎｔheｇlobalmａrketpｌacｅ.Tｈaｔ＇sｗhyｉtwｉlｌbeａllｔoｔhｅgoodｉfthecｏmｍonseｎｓicalvirtuesofvaｌuemarketｉngbecｏmeｐartｏftｈepermanentｓｔratｅgyofU.Ｓ.bｕsｉｎess．76.ConsumerｓhavewaｋeｎupｂｅcauｓeofA)tｈepoorprｏducｔstheyboｕgｈtB)thｅhiｇhpｒicetheypaidfｏrwｈａｔtheｙｂoughｔＣ)theｄifficulｔecoｎomictimeｓＤ)ahorribleｄrｅam77．ＭanyｃoｎsumeｒsareｃhoosｉnｇthecomｍｏditiｅsA)tｈaｔarｅpreｃioｕsB)ｔhaｔａｒewarrantedC)ｔhaｔｃanshowtheirstatusD）thatdｅlｉｖerthemostforｔｈemoney78.Intｈe1９8０s,peoplewouldlｉketogoａftｅrtheproｄucｔｓA)thatｗeｒemｏｓtexpeｎｓiveＢ)thａｔwerｅｕp-to-dａt(yī)eC)tｈａt(yī)cｏuldshｏｗtｈeiｒstatｕsD）thatwｅreinfaｓhｉoｎ７9.CommｕｎicaｔionswithｃusｔｏmersmaljbeiｍprovedA)throｕｇｈannuaｌcustomerｓｃｏngrｅssB)thrｏugｈｔｏnfree８0０nｕmｂeｒｓC)ｔhrouｇhｍeｍbｅrｓhiｐcｌubsD)throughfrｅqueｎteducａt(yī)ion8０.AvａlｕｅmarkｅtingｐrogramｍａynotinｃludeＡ)ｄａｉlyviｓitstｏcuｓtomeｒsＢ)longerwａｒrantiesＣ)membersｈipclｕbsD)environmentalｌyfrienｄlypackaｇesＰasｓageTｈreeGreａt(yī)emｏtionａlanｄｉｎtellectuａｌｒesourcesareｄemａnｄｅdinｑuarrels；stamiｎahelps，asdｏｅsaｃａpaciｔｙｆoｒobseｓsｉon.Butｎooneisboｒnagoodquarrｅｌｌer;tｈecraftｍustbelｅａｒnｅd.Ｔherｅａrｅtwogenｅrallｙｒecogｎisedａppｒｅntｉcｅships.First，anduniversａllyprefeｒrｅd,isalonｇchildhoodｓpentｉntｈecompanyｏｆｆractioussibｌingｓ．Afterseverａlyearｓofrainｙaftｅrnooｎs,ｂroｔｈerｓａndｓisterｓdeveｌopasuｒefeｅlfortｈetacticsofattritiｏnaｎdｔhenicetiesofsｔｒateｇyｓｏｎecessaｒyinfｉrst-ratｅquarrelｌing.Tｈeonｌychｉld,ortｈｅcｈildofｐeacｅfulｏrrepreｓsedhouｓeｈoldｓ,iｓliｋelytｏgrｏｗuｐfaｉlingtounｄeｒstandthatquａrreｌｓ，unlikｅａrgｕｍenｔs,aｒｃｎｏtａbｏutaｎ)1hｉｎｇ,ｌeasｔofａlｌｔheｐuｒsuitoftｒuth.Tｈeapparｅntｓｕbjectｏfaquarreliｓameｒeprｅｔext；ｔhereaｌbusinessiｓtheｑｕarrｅlitsｅlf.Ｅｓｓentiallｙ,adveｒｓariesinaquarrelareoutｔｏｅｓtablisｈorrｅscuｅthｅiｒdignｉty.Ifeｎｃetheelemｅnｔarｙprincipｌｅ:anyｔhｉngmayｂesaｉd.Thｅuｎschooled,proｂablynoｌesｓquarreｌsoｍeｂｙｉncｌinatioｎｔhａnanyonｅｅlse，maｙｓpｅndanhourwｉthknｏcｋingｈeaｒｔ，ｓiftingthecoｎｓequencesofｒoiｌingｔhisoldacqｕａintａncealｙingfrａud.Toolate!Withａcheerｆｕlwaｖethｅolｄacquａinｔａncehaslefttｈerooｍ．Tｈｏsewｈoｍisstheirfｉｒsｔａpprenｔｉcesｈiｐmaycaｒetoenrｏliｎtheｓｅcｏnd,tｈｅbadmaｒｒiage.Thiscａnbepｅrilousｆortheneｏｐhyｔe;ｔheｍｕｔualintimａｃyｏfspousesmａkｅstｈｅmatoncｅmｏrevｕlｎeｒableandmoｒedａｎgeroｕｓinattａck.Oncesexisinvｏｌveｄ,thｅｓtaｋｅsarehiｇherallrｏuｎd.Andtｈerｅisａnｕnspｏkeｎrulｅthａt(yī)thosewｈoｌove,orhavｅｌovｅd,ｏnｅａnotherarｅgraｎtｅｄalicenｃefoｒｕｎlimitedbeａsｔｌiｎｅｓssuchasｉsdenｉedtoｍeｒesｗornｅnemieｓ．Fｏｒallｔhａt(yī)，someoｆouｒmｏstteｎaｃｉousblａcｋbelｔquarrｅlleｒshavecomeｔoiｔlａt(yī)einｆiｆeａnｄmasｔｅredeveｒｙｔhrow,fｒｏmtheＣrｕshｉngSｉlencｅｔoｔｈeGｌoatinｇAｐology,inlｅssthanteｎｙeaｒsoｆmarriagｅ.Ａquａｒrelmaylasｔyeａrｓ.AｍongｂｒoodｉｎgｔypesKiｔhtｉmｅontｈeｉrｈａｎｄs,lｉkｅwritｅｒs,halfａliｆｅｔimｅisｎotuncommon.Iｎiｔsｍostｒefｉｎedform,aｑuarrelｍａyｃonsistofthepａｒticiｐａntｓnoｔtalkingtｏｅａchother.Ｔheywiｌlneeｄtosｃｈemeｌaｂoｒiouslytoａppearinpublictogethertｏregｉsteｒｔhｅｉｒsilence.Bｒief,violentｑｕaｒrelsａrealsｏknownasrows.Inallcａsesｔheｅｓｓentialinｇreｄiｅnｔremaｉｎstｈesame;thｅorigiｎalcauｓemustbeｆorgｏttenasｓoonasｐossibｌｅ.Fromhｅreｏn，ｄｉｇnitｙ，ｐriｄｅ,self－eｓteem,hｏnouｒateｔhecrucｉaｌｉｓsｕes,whｉｃhiｓwｈyquaｒｒelling?lｉkｅjeａloｕsy,iｓaｎalｌ-consuminｇbuｓｉｎｅss,ｖirtuallｙａprofession．Forthequａrrelleｒ＇sｖeryｓeｌｆ-hoodiｓｏnthｅｆine.Tｏlｏseaｎargumentｉsａｂriｅfdisapｐoｉntment,mｕchlikeloｓinｇａｇameoｆtｅnniｓ；buttobecrusｈeｄiｎaqｕａrrｅl．.．ratherbiteｏffyourtｏngueandsprｅaｄitatyouroｐpｏｎｅnt'sｆeet.81.Ｕnschoolｅdquarｒｅllersareｓaidtoｂeａt(yī)ａｄiｓaｄvａnｔａgeｂecauｓｅA)tｈeirinｓultsfaiｌtooｆｆenｄtheｉｒopponentB）ｔｈeyrｅvｅａlthｅｉrnervouｓnesstotｈeiroｐｐonentC)ｔｈeysuffｅrｆｒomremｏｒseforwhatｔｈeｙ'veｓaｉdＤ)tｈeyａｒｅａppｒehensｉveaboutｓpｅakingtｈｅｉrｍindｓ８２.Accordingtothewrｉter，quａrrelｓｂetweeｎmaｒriedcouplesｍaｙbe＿－__-Ａ)phyｓiｃａllyviｏlｅｎtB)eｘｔremeｌyIＹitterＣ)ｅｓｓentｉallytrivialＤ)ｓinceｒelｙregｒｅtted83.whｅｎquａrrellｉng,boｔhcｈiｌdｒeｎａｎdmarriedcoｕｐｌeｓmaｙ，accordinｇtoｔhｅwriterA)beｐarｔｉculａrｌｙbrｕｔaｌB）ｕsepｏliｔｅｎｅssaｓaweaｐonC)ｅmployskｉｌlfulmanｏeuｖresD)exaggeｒatetｈeiｒfeelinｇs84.ThediffeｒeｎｃebｅtｗeenａｑuaｒrelaｎdaｎaｒguｍeｎtissaiｄtobetｈaｔA)ｔheforｍｅrinvolvｅｓinｄividualegosＢ)theformerｃoncerｎsｓtrongpoinｔsｏfviewC)tｈelａt(yī)teｒhasｗell-eｓtaｂlｉｓheｄmｉlesD）ｔhelatterconｃernｓｔrivialissｕes85.Inthepａssageasａwhoｌｅ,thｅｗriｔｅｒtrｅａt(yī)squａｒｒｅlｌingasｉfitweｒeA）ａmｉliｔarycａmｐaignＢ)asocialｓkiｌlC)ａmoraｌｅvilD)anatuｒalgiltPasｓａgｅＦouｒ`Ｉjusｔcoｕｌdn'tdoiｔ.Ｉｄｏn＇tknowwhatｉtｉｓ．It'sｎotembarrａssｍent.Nothａt(yī)'sｎｏtit.Yousee,yoｕ＇reputtiｎgyouｒheａｄinanｏosｅ;ｔｈat'swhaｔｉtseemｓtｏmｅ.＇Ｄerｅｋamarｍedrobberwithalongrｅcordofbaｎkjoｂs，wａsｔalkｉngａｂoｕthoistiｎg（shｏp-ｌifｔiｎg).｀ＮoIｊustcouldｎ'tdoit.Imeａｎｊｕsｔｇoｉｎginｔｈere．'Ｈepａuｓedtotrytｏｆuｎdamoreeｘａctwayｏfｆixiｎg；hisanｔｉpathy.｀Ｉtellｙoｕwhａt(yī).It'stoobｌatanｔｆormyｌiｋing.'Itseemedaｆａnｎｙwａyｔｏｐutｉt.Pushingacouplｅoftiesiｎyoｕrｐockｅｔatａshopｗasｈardｌythelasｔｗordineｘtroversｉon,andｅveｎabiｔonthｅｄiｓcreetsiｄeｗhｅncompaｒedtoalｌｔｈａt(yī)firｉｎｇofshotｇunsandｖauｌｔinｇoverｃounteｒswhichmadeupthetypiｃalbaｎkｒaｉd.Ｂutmｙideaｓofshop-liftｉｎgweｒestilｌbouｎdｕpwiｔhteenａgememorieｓofnickingpacketｓofchｅwingguｍfromｔｈeloｃalnｅｗsaｇents.Ａlotofguiltanｄnotmuｃｈlｏoｔ_Ａfｔeｒafeｗcｏnversａt(yī)iｏnｓwiｔhprｏｆeｓsｉｏｎａlｈolsters，Iｒealisｅdthａｔ`blatant'waｓjusｔａboｕｔriｇhｔ.Nobodytookacouｐleoｆtｉes-thｅｙtｏokｔhｅwhoｌｅrａck.Theｆasｔｍemberoftｈeｇangwouldwalkinniｃeaｎdpｕrpoｓｅfuｌｌｙ.Thｅiｒｊobwasｔosｅtｕpｔｈｅgoods:ｐerhａpsputaｎeｌastｉcｂawdrouｎdtheendｓofafeｗdｏzensilkscarveｓ;moveｔｈｅvalｕａbｌepiecesｏｆjeｗelleryｎearertheeｄｇeofthecouｎter;ｓｌidethetieｓonｔherackintoａcｏmｐactｂunch.Theｎ,wineｓomeｂodyｅlsｅｄivｅｒｔｓｔheasｓｉstaｎtorproｖideｓsoｍｅfortｏfmａsｋing,tｈeｔｈirdmemberliftstｈeloｔ＇Ｉftｈewalktothedｏorisａｌｉtｔlelonｇ,theｎｔheremmbesomeoｎeelsetotａkｅｏｖerfortｈelａｓtstretch.Noonｅisiｎposｓｅsｓionfoｒmorethanaｆewｓecoｎdｓ,andtheｒe'salwaｙsaｃouｐleofｓｐarｅbodiestoｏbstrucｔanyoｎewhoｓeｅｍｓtobegeｔtｉｎgｔｏoneaｒthｅcarrieｒ.Storeｄetectｉveｓwhｏmoveｆorwardwｉｔhｗell-foｕnｄeｄsｕspicionsmaｙstillｆinｄthemsｅｌｖeｓclutchingｅmptyaｉｒ．Storedetｅｃtiｖeswatcｈfoｒｔhrｅe(cuò)ｍaingive-ｓｗａyｓ:aｍ-sortoflｏitｅｒiｎgwhichlooｋsdiffｅｒｅntfｒomthｅｕsｕalhａngiｎgａroｕnｄaｎddｉtherｉngthａt(yī)ｃhaｒacｔerisｅｓthｅｒealcｕstomｅr；ａnyｃｏverｔcｏnｔactｂeｔweenindividuａls%N-hｏ%vshownｎooｔｈersiｇnｏfknｏwiｎgeachｏｔｈｅｒ,aｎyｏｖer-ｆriendliｎｅｓｓｔowａrｄｓsaleｓstaffwhiｃhｍiｇhｔbeactinｇasadistｒacｔｉoｎ.'Tｈere'soｎeｏｔheｒlitｔｌeａngｌｅ＇,saｉdonedetecｔive.'loｆteｎpｏｐroundthebaｃkstairs;thaｔ'swhｅｒｅyｏu＇ｌｌocｃａsionａllｙfｉndｏneoftheｍ；ｔryｉngｔorelａｘａndgeｔｔhｅmselvｅsintｈｅｒｉghｔｍooｄｂeｆoresｔarｔｉngtheneｘtjob.'8６.Thebａnｋrobbｅrｗｏuｌdｎ'tcｏnsiderｓhop-liftｉｎgbeｃａuseA）ｉtwａsｂeneathｈisdiｇnｉtyB)thｅpenaltｉesweretoohighC)ｉtwａsn＇tchallengｉｎgenｏｕghD)ｔherｉskswerｅtoogｒｅａｔ８７．Thewriter'sexpｅriｅnceｌeｄrumtotｈinkthatmostshop－lifteｒsＡ)weｒeItheｉrteenｓB)ｓｔolemoｄesｔamounｔsＣ)useｄvｉｏlentmｅthｏｄsD)stoleｆorｅxcｉtement88.Ｔhe；rolｅoｆthefirstmemberoftｈegangisto 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.89.Ｐrofeｓｓioｎalshoｐ－liftersａvoidｂｅingcａughｔintheａctbyfｒomｏneｔoaｎotｈerraciｎgfｏｒｔheneareｓtｅxitＤ)cｏnceaｌinｇgｏｏｄsｉnoｒｄinaｒybaｔh90.Pｏｔentialｓhop-lｉfｔersmaybeidentifieｄwｈenthe:.Ａ)seｅmｕnablｅｔodeciｄewhattobuyB)ｏpeｎlysignａltoａｐpaｒｅnｔstraｎｇｅｒsC)areunusｕａｌlychatｔytoassｉstantsD)sｅtｏfｆtｏｗarｄsemｅrgｅncｙexｉtsPａssａgeＦivｅPerhapｓthereａrｅｆaｒｍorewiｖesthaｎI(lǐng)imaginewhｏｔａkeｉｔｆorｇrａnteｄthａt(yī)ｈouseworｋiiｎｅithersatisfyingnorevenimportantonｃetheｂａsicｄemanｄsofｈygｉeｎｅanｄfeeｄingｈａｖebeenmeｔ.Buthomｅandfamilyistheｏneｒeａｌｍinwhicｈitiｓｒeallyｄiｆficｕlttｏｓhalｅfｒee:ofone'ｓｕpbrinｇｉngandｃreaｔeneｗvaｌｕes.Ｍyｐaｒentｓ＇ｈouｓewasvirtｕe,aｎｄcloｔｈes,orlｏｎgmａlehairpｒovokedｂiｔｉnｇjoｃｕlaritｙ.Ifthathadbｅｅnａｌl,maｙbeIcoｕlｄhaveadaｐteｄｍｙselftoanispartｏfcreaｔinｇaｈome．Bｕtatｔhesamemotherusedtｏreｃａntdoingit,cａｌlｅditdruｄgｅrｙ,andcｏnvincｅdmethａt(yī)itｗａsn'taｆiｔaｃtivｉtyforaninｔelliｇentｂeｉng.Iwasａnｏｎlychiｌｄ，andoncｅＩwasaｔschoｏltherｅwａｓnoreａsonwｈyshｅshｏuldhavecontinueｄａｇainｓtherwiｌltoｒｅmainhoｕsebound,unless,aｓIsｕspｅct,mｙfatheｒwｏｕldnoｔｈeａrｏfherhavingajoboｆherownIcaｎnｏwbeginｔounderstandwｈyaｗomaninａｓmallｓubｕrｂanｈoｕse,ｗithｎoiｎｆａntsｔolookａfter,wｈodoesnoｔenjoyｒeadingbｅcausesheｈasｎothadmucｈofaｎｅducatioｎ，aｎdwｈoiｓｉｎtelligeｎtenouｇhtｏfiｎｄｎeiｇhbｏurlychit-chatboring,sｈoｕｌdcarｒyｔhepuｒｓuiｔofmicｒoｓcoｐicspecｋsofｄusttoｔｈeｐoｉntoｆfaｎａt(yī)iciｓminanatteｍptｔofiｌlhoursandｓaｌvageｈｅrsｅlf－respect.Ｍypａrｅntｓhａdnｏteｖｅｎthestａt(yī)us-ｓｅｅkinｇｉmｐetｕｓtｏseｎdmeｔouniversiｔytｈatJoe'shad;mymotｈerwantｅdmetobe｀ａnｉｃequietｐersｏnwhowouldn'tｂｅnoｔicｅｄinａcｒowd',andｉtwasｆeaｒedtｈatuniversityeduｃationrｅsultsｉninｇraｔitude（indeｐendeｎce).．Itisconstanｔlyniｇｇlingｎｏtonｌytobｅｄoingｊobｓthａｔreｑuiresovaｌuableefforｔ，buｔａlsojobsｗhichａremainｌycｏnceｒnedwiｔhｓimｐlｙkeｅpingleｖelwｉｔhnaturalproｃｅssｅs--cｌeaniｎgjoｂｓ，whethｅrofobjectsorpeople.whicｈoncｅdonｅarｅnotdonefｏｒgｏod,andwillhaｖｅtｏbeｄonealloｖeragａin，justasiｆIｈaｖｅnｏtalreaｄvmadetｈeeffｏｒt;ｔｈｅneｘtdaｙ,ｏreｖenwiｔhinafｅwhouｒｓ．Ｔhereissomethingsoｎegatｉｖeabouttｈisrolesｏcｉetyｈeapseｎtirelyunｔothesｈouｌdeｒｓoｆwomｅｎ.flａt(yī)ofmａkiｎgsuretｈａt(yī)thingｓdonotｇeｔdirtｙ,andpeoｐledoｎoｔｇeｔunheａlthy.Ｉwaｎｔｔobelieveiｎｈｅaltｈassomethinｇbasic,neｕtral,ｔｏassumethatａllｔheessentiａlsaｒecaｒedfor，oｒatleastwillnoｔmagnｉfytｈeｍseｌｖeｓintｏafull-timｅoｃcupatioｎ．Ｃanｙouimａｇineｗhａt(yī)wｏulｄhappｅntoaｍaｎwｈowasｓuddｅｎlyuprｏotedfromajoｂiｎwhｉcｈheplａcｅdｔheｍeaningofhisｌiｆe，andｄeｌeｇateｄtoaminｄlesstask，ｉnpeｒformｉnｇwhicｈhｅwaｓaｌsocutｏfffaｉrlｙcｏｍｐｌｅｔelyfroｍthepeoplewhosharedhisinｔｅrests'?IｔhinkmoreｏftｈeｍenIknｏwwoulddisｉｎtegratecomｐletelｙ.9l．'ThｅwriterattributｅsheratｔituｄeｔowarｄshouｓeｗｏｒｋtｏＡ)herrｅjectionofherpａｒents'ｏld－ｆashionedsｔａnｄarｄsB）herdｅteｒminationtoａｖoiｄhｅｒｍｏther'smistaｋｅsC)herｉｎheｒiｔedfeelｉｎgsofdutｙaｎdrｅseｎtｍentD)herspoiluｐｂｒingingasanonlyｃhilｄ9２.Tｈｅwrｉter'spareｎｔsreａctedtoaslｏvenlyaｐpearaｎcｅby.．_．．_._.A)ｃritｉciｓingtｈeoffeｎderｂitｔerlyB)strｅｓsingtｈesociaｌｉｍportanceｏｆcｌeａnlinessC)ｍaｋinｇsarｃastｉccommenｔsaｂｏutthematterD）expｒessingａｓeｎｓe:ofｍｏralｉndignation９３.IｔｓcemｓｔothewrｉｋｒｔhatsomesubｕrbanhouscwivcsmaｙＡ)eｎｇageintｅｄioｕsｇossiｐmereｌytoｐａssｆiｌetiｍeB)allowroutinetaskstobecｏｍecutobseｓsiｏnasuｉtabｌｅｆorahouseｗiｆethem1ｓociａlｓcieｎceｉnｄusｔryThｅtｒoublｅaｂoutｌｌｉromboｓｉs(ｉe－ｉlkOU．Ktylｒr''ＳpelltreatｍeｎtIｇｅteditｏrs，whosay,`Getｕｐ!aｓｔｏniｓhing,ｆorｇｅtｏｕghｔtogｏｔobedaｎdｓｔoｐmopinｇ.＇Tｈeｙｒeｍｉnｄｍeofthestｏrｙtoldｏftheeｃonｏmisｔ,Keynes,ａ'ldhisRussiａnｂallerinawiｆe,starｉngsilenｔlｙｉｎｔoｔhefiｒe.Keyｎesasked，`Whａt(yī)areｙｏuthｉｎkｉng,mｙdear?＇Shereplied,`Nｏthinｇ.'Andhｅsａid,`IwishIcouｌｄｄotｈat.'Thｅrｅisnｏtmuｃhｃomfortｔobehadfromｏtherhypochondriａｃs,eithｅr.Ihadlｕnchｏnceｗitｈａdistiｎｇuish