新概念1冊(cè)119課-過(guò)去完成時(shí)

AtruestoryLesson119Keywords＆expressionsstoryn.故事happenv.發(fā)生thiefn.賊enterv.進(jìn)入darkadj.黑暗的torchn.手電筒voicen.(說(shuō)話的)聲音parrotn.鸚鵡exercisebookn.練習(xí)本Keywords＆expressions1.storyn.①故事aghoststory

tellstories②謊話Don’ttellstories!tomakealongstoryshort長(zhǎng)話短說(shuō)Keywords＆expressions2.happen

1）v.發(fā)生

Whathappened?Astrangethinghappenedtoafriendofmineayearago.一年之前，一件希奇的事發(fā)生在我的一位朋友身上。2）v.碰巧，恰好（to）Ihappenedtomeetheronmywayhome.在回家的路上，我碰巧遇見(jiàn)了她。Ihappentoknowthatprofessor.我正好熟悉那位教授。Keywords＆expressions3.thiefn.賊復(fù)數(shù)：thievesAWorldwithoutThievesKeywords＆expressions5.

enterv.①進(jìn)入,穿入entertheroom他們進(jìn)入了房子后，就去了餐廳。Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse,theywentintothediningroom.②參加，加入enterthePartyFourstudentsfromouruniversityenteredthefinalcontest.

我們大學(xué)的4名學(xué)生進(jìn)入了競(jìng)賽的決賽。③輸入enterintothecomputerenterfor報(bào)名參加Ourteamhasenteredforthecompetition.我們隊(duì)已報(bào)名參加比賽.

（入黨）Keywords＆expressions5.darkadj.①黑暗的toodark

②深色的darkblue

③陰暗的darkfuture--brightfuturen.黃昏，黑夜atdarkinthedark天黑時(shí)在暗處lightKeywords＆expressions6.torchn.①手電筒turnon/off

thetorch②火炬lightthetorchKeywords＆expressions7.voicen.①聲音inanangryvoice②意見(jiàn)speakoutmyvoiceloseone’svoice失音

raiseone’svoicevoice表示人說(shuō)話時(shí)嗓子發(fā)出的聲音

sound表示世間萬(wàn)物的聲音

noise表示雜音，不悅?cè)说穆曇羯ぷ幼儐√岣呱らT(mén)dropKeywords＆expressions8.parrotn.鸚鵡Languagepoints1、Doyoulikestories?

這里stories泛指故事這一類(lèi)東西。2、Iwanttotellyouatruestory.

wanttodosth.想要做某事。

tellastory講故事。

true真實(shí)可信的&真正存在的realT(True)orF(false)Languagepoints3、Ithappenedtoafriendofmineayearago.

happentosb./sth.發(fā)生在某人身上/某物上（通常是不好的事）Whathappenedtoyourcar?雙重所有格：afriendofmine=myfriend；afriendofmyfather’s=myfather’sfriend

afriendofmine相當(dāng)于oneofmyfriends,但前者比后者顯得更為親切。Languagepoints4、Whilemyfriend,George,wasreadinginbed,twothievesclimbedintohiskitchen.

George,同位語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明myfriend。

climbinto爬進(jìn)。5、Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse,theywentintothediningroom.=Theyhadenteredthehousebeforetheywentintothediningroom.

強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的前后順序時(shí)，較早的動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。及物動(dòng)詞enter=不及物動(dòng)詞gointoLanguagepoints5、Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse,theywentintothediningroom.Aftertheyhadenteredthehouse是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，hadentered是過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。在以after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)沒(méi)有多少區(qū)別。假如強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前完成，就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

Languagepoints6、Itwasverydark,sotheyturnedonatorch.=Theyturnedonatorchbecause

itwasverydark.

連詞so，所以、因此，表示結(jié)果。turnon,打開(kāi)，擰開(kāi)（電視、水源、煤氣等）。其反義詞為turnoff(關(guān)上)。7、Suddenly,theyheardavoicebehindthem.hear強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。注意不規(guī)則變化hear-heard-heard。

voice說(shuō)話的聲音&sound聲響&noise噪音&music音樂(lè)Languagepoints8、What'sup?【口語(yǔ)】

=What’swrong?=What’sthematter?

【寒暄】What’sup,man?詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方最近過(guò)得如何。9、Someonecalled.

【回顧Lesson115】復(fù)合不定代詞。10、Thethievesdroppedthetorchandranaway

asquicklyastheycould.drop扔掉；runaway逃跑；

as...assb.can/could/possible盡可能…地(第一個(gè)as是副詞，修飾quickly,第二個(gè)as是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。)例句：Runasfastasyoucan（后省略run）!

Pleasewritetomeassoonaspossible.Languagepoints14、ButGeorge'sparrot,Henry,

wasstillthere.

名詞所有格's；同位語(yǔ)；still仍然。15、"Nothing,Henry,"Georgesaidandsmiled."Gobacktosleep."gobacktodosth.回去繼續(xù)做某事。例如：gobacktowork

gobacktosomeplace回到某地。例如：gobacktoone’shometownLanguagepoints11、Georgeheardthenoiseandcamedownstairsquickly.

下樓，樓下downstairs←→upstairs上樓，樓上12、Heturnedonthelight,buthecouldn'tseeanyone.turnon打開(kāi)←→關(guān)上turnoff；復(fù)合不定代詞anyone任何人13、Thethieveshadalreadygone.

過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

hadgone=hadleft=hadrunaway（上文）PastPerfectTense過(guò)去完成時(shí)一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較Grammarinuse一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.意義：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一個(gè)動(dòng)作或過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。（即動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去）2.形式1）肯定式：2）否定式：3）疑問(wèn)式：主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+hadnot+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞Had+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1.cleanedtheblackboard2.closedthewindow

——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→

nowhadcleanedtheblackboardclosedthewindowShehadcleanedtheblackboard

before

sheclosedthewindow.After

shehadcleanedtheblackboard,sheclosedthewindow.drankwaterhadrunoutofbreath1.ranoutofbreath2.drankwaterHehadrunoutofbreath

before

hedrankwater.After

hehadrunoutofbreath,hedrankwater.

——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→

now1.ateanapple2.slept

——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→

nowhadeatenanapplesleptShehadeatenanapple

before

sheslept.After

shehadeatenanapple

,

sheslept.

2.playedpingpong1.didhishomework

——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→

now

playedpingponghaddonehishomeworkHehaddonehishomework

before

heplayedpingpong.Afterhehaddonehishomework

,heplayedPingpong.1.Wehadnotfinisheditwhenhecame

back.2.Hadyoufinishedtheworkwhenhecame

back?。1.Wehadfinisheditwhenhecameback.他回來(lái)時(shí)我們完成了。2.Wehadnotfinisheditwhenhecame

back.他回來(lái)時(shí)我們還沒(méi)有完成3.Hadyoufinishedtheworkwhenhecame

back?他回來(lái)時(shí)你們工作完成了嗎？動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)/過(guò)去分詞：構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed

lookplayworklookedplayedworked結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞在末尾加-dlikelivelikedlived末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped結(jié)尾是“輔音字母＋y”的動(dòng)詞，先變“y”為“i”再加-edstudyworrycrystudiedworriedcried二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較

過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間出發(fā)點(diǎn)不同。過(guò)去完成時(shí)以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為時(shí)間的基點(diǎn)。因此，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的過(guò)去時(shí)。Tomisnothungry.Hehasjusthadbreakfast.Tomwasnothungry,Hehadjusthadbreakfast.例句比較：(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(過(guò)去完成時(shí))三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作。1.Wegottothestationat8:00,butthetrainhadleft.我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)已開(kāi)走了。2.Wegottothestationat8:00,butthetrainleftat7:30.我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)七點(diǎn)半就開(kāi)走了。3.WhenIarrivedhome,Myparentshadhaddinner.我到家時(shí)，我父母已吃過(guò)飯了。4.WhenIarrivedhome,wehaddinnertogether.我一到家，我們就一起吃飯。過(guò)去完成時(shí)：構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要用于表示兩個(gè)事件中一個(gè)發(fā)生在前，或者說(shuō)是表示較早的過(guò)去。when、after、before等也常與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次序。already(已經(jīng)),ever（曾經(jīng)）,for+表示時(shí)間段的詞，just（剛剛）和never（從未）也常與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次序。Grammarinuse兩個(gè)事件都發(fā)生在過(guò)去，如果哪個(gè)在前發(fā)生用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示，哪個(gè)在后用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示本課當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句before+一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)e.g.ThefilmhadalreadybegunbeforeIcameback.after+過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)e.g.Helefttheroomafterhehad