中考專項(xiàng)-代詞

代詞代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞相互代詞指示代詞不定代詞疑問(wèn)代詞連接代詞關(guān)系代詞一、人稱代詞類別第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱主格單數(shù)IYouHe/she/it主格復(fù)數(shù)WeYouThey賓格單數(shù)MeYouHim/her/it賓格復(fù)數(shù)UsYouThem形容詞性物主代詞單數(shù)MyYourHis/her/its形容詞性物主代詞復(fù)數(shù)OurYourTheir名詞性物主代詞單數(shù)MineYoursHis/hers/its名詞性物主代詞復(fù)數(shù)oursyoursTheirs注意：1.幾個(gè)人稱代詞并列充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，它們的順序是：P39單數(shù)：二三一“you,he/sheandI”復(fù)數(shù)：一二三“we,youandthey”2.形容詞性物主代詞只能放在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。如：mypenhernameP413.名詞性物主代詞常用來(lái)避免前面已經(jīng)提及的名詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞P42Thisbookismine(mybook).it的特殊用法P401.指代前面提到過(guò)的事物。Ican’tfindmybook.Idon’tknowwhereIputit.2.指代嬰兒和不明身份的人Someoneisknockingthedoor.Canyouguesswhoitis?3.指代時(shí)間或季節(jié)What’sthetimenow?it’ssixo’clock.4.指代天氣Whatistheweatherliketoday?Itiswindy.5.指代距離Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?6.作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.7.用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句Itwas8:00yesterdaythatIwenttoschool.1.--Isthis____football,boys?--No,itisnot____.A.yours;oursB.your;ourC.yours;ourD.your;ours2.–Whereis____cat?--It’sunder___desk.A.your;aB.yours;anC.your;theD.you;the3.TheiPadisn’t__.Itbelongsto___.A.he;meB.hers;mineC.his;meD.her;mine4.MyfriendJennyoftenhelps___with___English.A.I;meB.me;myC.my;meD.I;my5.--Let’sdosomethingforYa’anchildren.--Whynotwriteletterstocheer__up?A.himB.herC.usD.them6.–Wheredidyougoforyourwintervacation?--MyfamilywenttoPairs.___hadagreattime.A.HeB.SheC.WeD.They三、反身代詞和指示代詞1.反身代詞是表示：我（們）自己，你（們）自己，他/她/它（們）自己的代詞P42反身代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfYourselfHimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)OurselvesyourselvesThemselves反身代詞和其他詞連用，構(gòu)成固定詞組P44enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快，玩得高興byoneself獨(dú)自（做……）；親自helponeselfto隨便吃hurtoneself受傷teachoneself/learnbyoneself自學(xué)1.--Jim,Pleasehelp___tosomebread.--Thankyou.A.himself

B.yourselfC.herselfD.myself2.Don’tworry.We’reoldenoughtolookafter____.A.myselfB.meC.ourselvesD.us3.ThesongIbelieveICanFlytellsusthatbelievingin___isveryimportant.A.themselvesB.itselfC.ourselvesD.yourselves4.Mysisterisoldenoughtodress_____now.AhimselfBherselfCmyselfDyourself5.Becarefullywiththatknife,oryou′llcut____.A.himselfB.ourselvesC.yourselfD.themselves6.It’sveryimportantforustolearnhowtolearnby______.A.ourselvesB.itselfC.myselfD.themselves指示代詞是用來(lái)指代或標(biāo)記人或物的代詞，表示“這個(gè)/些，那個(gè)/些”。常用的指示代詞有this,that,these,thoseP45注意This,these指代下文要提到的事，that，those指代上文提到過(guò)的事。Pleaserememberthis:wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Hewasbusy.Thatwaswhyhedidn’tgotothecinemawithus.打電話時(shí)用this介紹自己，用that介紹對(duì)方。ThisisMaryspeaking.Who’sthat?One

即可代替人，也可代替物，但只能代替可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones。Eg：Idon’thaveapen.Couldyoulendmeone?當(dāng)one前有形容詞時(shí)，one前需要加a或an--Doyouhaveawatch?--Yes,Ihaveaverygoodone.四、不定代詞P46出題點(diǎn)：some/any,many/much,few/afew,little/alittle的用法Other/theother/another的區(qū)別None/noone,neither/either的區(qū)別all/both的區(qū)別

可數(shù)不可數(shù)肯定Afewalittle否定fewlittleboth兩者都both…and…Boththeboysareclever.neither兩者都不neither…norNeitherofthetwoboysisclever.either兩者中任一個(gè)either…orThereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.all三者以上全都allofAlltheflowersaregone.any三者以上任一個(gè)anyotherShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.詞匯用法例句None既可以指人也可以指物，常暗示一定范圍，所以通常與表示范圍的of短語(yǔ)連用；none與數(shù)量有關(guān)，可回答howmany，表示一個(gè)也沒(méi)有Noneofusenjoygettingupearly.NooneNoone=nobody只能指人，不能與of短語(yǔ)連用；noone也與數(shù)量有關(guān)，表示什么人也沒(méi)有，可回答who。Noone(=nobody)knowsaboutit.other,theother,others,theothers與anotherother別的，其他的，后接名詞Doyouhaveanyotherquestion?Theother指兩者中的另一個(gè)人或物，one…theotherShehastwosons.OneisinBeijing,theotherisinShanghai.

others其他的人或物=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Healwayshelpsothers.Some…others…一些……另一些……Therearelotsofpeopleinthepark.Somearedancing,andothersareboating.theothers特指在一個(gè)整體中剩余的人或物Thereare40studentsinourclass.30ofuscometoschoolbybike,theothersallwalktoschool.another三者或以上的另一個(gè)后可接單數(shù)名詞或數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞Idon’tlikethisone.Pleasegivemeanotherone五、復(fù)合不定代詞修飾不定代詞的形容詞要后置，復(fù)合不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。SomethinginterestingNothingisinthebox.SomebodyAnybodyNobodyEverybodySomeoneAnyoneNooneEveryonesomethinganythingnothingeverything復(fù)合不定代詞的特殊用法1.當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾不定代詞時(shí)，要放在不定代詞之后。Canyoufindanyoneelse?2.當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是指人的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，其反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)通常用they。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是指物的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)通常用it指代。Everyone/everybodyishere,aren’tthey?Everythingisready,isn’tit?Look!Sonialooksworried.Theremustbe___wrongwithher.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything2.ThisTVplaycanbeveryinteresting,but___canbeenjoyableunlessyoulikeit.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing3.---whichjacketdoyouprefer,thisoneorthatone?--_____isOK,Idon′tcaretoomuch.A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.All4.“Idon’tthinkIamdifferentfrom___else.Iamjustthesonofafarmer,”MoYansaid.A.anyoneB.nobodyC.someoneD.everyone5.---Don′tbeangrywithyourkidwhenhemakesamistakesagain,willyou?--No,Iwon′t.Iknowthat___ofusareperfectafterall.A.noneB.neitherC.eachD.all6.Ihavetwosisters,but___ofthemisateacher.A.allB.neitherC.bothD.none六、疑問(wèn)代詞P54疑問(wèn)代詞：who,what,which,whose的用法1.who,whom,whoseWho“誰(shuí)”，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；whom是who的賓格形式，只能作賓語(yǔ)；whose“誰(shuí)的”Whom/whodidyoumeetthere?Whosehandwritingisbetter?2.what與whoWhat”什么”，可用來(lái)問(wèn)人或物。問(wèn)人時(shí)常詢問(wèn)某人的職業(yè)外貌等；who常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某人的身份或姓名What’syourfather?WhatdoesLucylooklike?Whoistheboyunderthetree?3.what與whichWhich”哪一個(gè)”，它與what的不同在于，which在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物，而what沒(méi)有一定的范圍限制。Whichdoyoulike,springorsummer?Whatwouldyoulike?1.--___doesLindawanttobewhenshegrowsup?--AtennisplayerlikeLiNa.A.HowB.WhenC.WhatD.Where2.---____areyougoingtobuyforyoufatherforFather’sDay?--AT-Shirt.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.How3.___peoplearethereinyourfamily?Three.A.howoftenB.howlongC.howmanyD.howmuch4.---______modelplaneisthis?A.WhoB.WhatC.WhoseD.Where5.----___filmdoyouprefer,LostinThailandorLifeofPi,Madee?A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhoseD.Which6.---____did