高職英語情景交際專題

..高職英語情景交際專題1、語言必須放在實(shí)際的并盡可能不同的情景中運(yùn)用。2、語言必須適合具體的交際行為。3、考核的焦點(diǎn)在于是否達(dá)到交際的目的。4、語言交際行為除了需要語言能力外,還需要文化等其他的能力。高考對英語的交際性和實(shí)用性的考查,不僅體現(xiàn)在對交際用語文化的考查,還體現(xiàn)在運(yùn)用交際功能考查其他基礎(chǔ)語法點(diǎn)上。〔一高考對英語交際用語考查的內(nèi)容與趨勢:一、直接考查考生掌握英語交際固定的表達(dá)方式和習(xí)慣說法的情況。1.---Hello!MayIspeaktoZhaoHua?—Yes,____.A.MynameisZhaoHuaB.I'mZhaoHuaC.ThisisZhaoHuaspeakingD.ZhaoHuaisme2.—Doyoumindmytakingthisseat？—____.A.Yes,sitdownpleaseB.No,ofcoursenotC.Yes,takeitpleaseD.No,youcan'ttakeit3.—Haveaniceweekend！—____.A.ThesametoyouB.YoudotooC.ThesameasyouD.Youhaveittoo二、考查考生掌握英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,特別是中西文化差異的情況。4.—Youhavedonetheworkverywell．—____.A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall5.---Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp.----______.A.Nothanks.B.Don’tthankmeC.Youaretookind.D.You’rewelcome.三、考查考生根據(jù)所提供的情景和實(shí)際情況,應(yīng)用語言知識進(jìn)行合情合理應(yīng)答的能力。6.—Heisnotafriendofyours,ishe？—____.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.A.No,heisn'tB.No,heisC.Yes,heisD.Yes,heisn't7.—Sorry,Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.—Nevermind,____itmyselftonight.A.I'mgoingtopostB.I'dbetterpostC.I'llpostD.I'dratherpost四、考查考生準(zhǔn)確理解短語用法和句子含義的能力?！策@是近年來考查交際用語的新趨勢。8.—HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher？—____.A.Yes,IlikehimverymuchB.No,Idon'tlikehimC.IlikehimD.Heisverykind9.—____？---Sheisslimpretty.A.What'sthegirllikeB.HowdoyoulikethegirlC.WhatdoesthegirllikeD.Howdoyoulikeaboutthegirl10.---Howoftendoyoueatout?---________,butusuallyonceaweek.A.HavenoideaB.ItdependsC.AsusualD.Generallyspeaking11.---Will$200_____?---I'mafraidnot.Weneedatleast50moredollars.A.countB.satisfyC.fitD.do五、考查語法與句型等。<以下是考查的常見的語法句型><A>特殊疑問句----特殊疑問句的答語通常針對特殊疑問詞作出具體的回答。<不要答非所問.>12.---Whydon'tyoutraveltoNewYorkonvacation?---________.A.Idon'twanttogoB.Excuseme,becauseIcan'tC.IwanttobutIhaven'tgotenoughmoneyD.BecauseI'mgoingtoschooltoday13.----Whatsubjectsareyoustudying?---________.A.Yes,I'mstudyhistory.B.I'mstudyingnowC.I'mstudyingphilosophy.D.I'mdoingmyhomework14.---Whichlanguagedoyouspeakathome?---________.A.IspeakEnglishverywellB.IcanspeakEnglishandFrenchC.EnglishismymothertongueD.English,mostofthetime15.----WhendoesthenextbusleaveforGlasgow?---________.A.I'veneverbeenthereB.ThenextoneisfasterC.TheyleaveeveryhourD.Thecityisfaraway16.----Excuseme,howfaristheairportfromhere?---________.A.YoucantakeataxiB.It'saboutthirtymilesC.I'llflytoSidney.D.It'sonlysixhundreddollars17.---Canyoutellmehowmucharadiolikethiscosts?---________.A.I'dliketobuyit.B.It'sofverygoodqualityC.Abouteighty-fivedollarsD.Itdependsonhowyoulikeit18.---Doyoumindtellingmewhereyouarefrom?---________.A.Certainly,I'mfromLondon.B.Sure,IwasborninLondonC.Notreally,youcandoitD.Certainlynot.I'mfromLondon19.---Howoftendoyouhavelisteningclassesinaweek?---________.A.ListeningclassesaredifficultB.LastweekandtheweekbeforeC.Theyhavenolisteningclasses.D.EveryMondayandFriday20.---Thatmanaloneoverthere.Whoishe?---_________.A.HeisastudentB.HeisDoctorTookC.Adriver,IsupposeD.He'sdrunk<B>反意疑問句:陳述句/祈使句+簡短的一般疑問句<前肯定,后否定;或:前否定后肯定>。反意問句的答語應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況<上下文提供的情景>確定:內(nèi)容是肯定的,就用"Yes,+肯定"結(jié)構(gòu)回答;內(nèi)容是否定的,則用"No,+否定"結(jié)構(gòu)回答.當(dāng)前面句子為否定時,尤要特別小心,不要搞錯。如:---Itdidn'trainyesterday,didit?----昨天沒有下雨,對嗎?---Yes,itdid.---不,下雨了.----No,itdidn't.---對,沒有下21.---Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?---________.A.Yes,I'mnot.B.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall22.---Suelooksgoodinthatnewdress,doesn'tshe?---________.A.Yes,sheisB.No,sheisn'tC.Yes,shedoesD.No,shedidn't23.---Joewillcometotheparty,won'the?---________.A.Oh,yes.Iforget.B.It'sat8o'clockC.Yes,he'sbringinghiscousin,SandyD.Yes,it'saniceparty<C>選擇疑問句:選擇疑問句是問話者提供兩個或兩個以上答案供對方選擇回答的問句,答語應(yīng)作出一個明確的選擇<也可全部肯定或否定>。不能使用Yes/No回答。24.---Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?---________.A.Yes,IwouldB.Coffee,please.C.Yes,pleaseD.It'sverynice25.---DidyoutraveltoXi'anbytrainorbyplane?---________.A.Itispossibletravelbyplane.B.ItraveleitherbytrainorbyplanesC.Itraveledbytrain.D.Iflewthere<D>一般疑問句:一般疑問句通常用yes和no來回答,時態(tài)人稱要一致.注意口語化的回答。26.---HaveyouevenbeentoTokyo?---________.A.No,Ididn'tgotherelastyearB.No,butIhopetogotherenextyearC.Tokyoisabusycity.D.Yes,Iwilldoitnexttime27.---Arethereanydrug-storesaroundhere?---________.A.Yes,thereisoneontheleftcornerB.Yes,itisC.No,itisn'tD.Oh,youmusthaveacold.28.---Doyouthinktheexamwillbeputoff?---________.A.Notgoodnews.B.TheexamisdifficultC.NotlikelyD.Itwasputoffyesterday<E>省略倒裝句:省略倒裝句的對話首句是肯定句時,用"So+助動詞+主語"或"Metoo.";首句是否定句時用"Neither+助動詞+主語"或"Meneither".Soitiswithsb.<某人的情況也是如此>29.---IthinktheInternetisveryuseful.---________.A.SodoIB.That'saverygoodideaC.NeitherdoID.Idorathergosurfingonit30.---Idon'tlikethesportsprogramsonSundays.---________.A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoamID.NeitheramI31.---IhavebeentotheGreatWall.---________.A.NeitherhaveIB.SodoIC.NeitherdoID.SohaveI32.---Ihaven'tseenBellyfortenyears.---________.A.NeitherhaveIB.NeitherdidIC.MetooD.Meneither<F>情態(tài)動詞MUST:情態(tài)動詞must的否定回答,表示不必時用"No,…needn't/don’thaveto";肯定回答,用"Yes,…must."33.---Mustwehandinourhomeworknow?---________.A.Yes,youwillB.Yes,youmustn'tC.No,youneedn'tD.No,youmustn't34.---MustIdothewashing-uptonight?----________.A.No,youmustn'tifyoudon'twant.B.LeaveitifyouareexhaustedC.Washing-upisreallyexhaustingD.Washing-upreallytakesuptime<G>祈使句的答語:常見的有:Iwill.Thanks.Iwon’t.Certainly.Ofcourse.35.---Dobecarefulnexttime.---_________.A.IdoB.IcanC.IwillD.Iam.1----5CBABD6----10ACDAB11---15DCCDC16----20BCDDB21—25CCCBC26----30BACAB31—35DDCBC英語復(fù)習(xí)之交際用語〔二高考英語交際用語考點(diǎn):交際最基本的要求是：委婉、有禮、得體、連貫、符合文化習(xí)慣。<選擇答案的依據(jù)所在>高考對日常用語的考查涉及《高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所列舉的全部41項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,部分語法知識以及一些常識性的文化知識?？梢哉f,內(nèi)容非常廣泛。下文將列舉的是考試常見的交際用語考點(diǎn)。中西文化對比在日常交談中,英國人彼此見面常常喜歡以"Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi."打招呼；并且喜歡以談?wù)撎鞖?lt;Niceday,isn’tit?>作為交談的開始；美國人見面常常問身體等；而中國人卻常問"吃過飯了嗎?"基本用語a.見面問候：Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.b.代向某人問候：Bestwishes/regardsto...=giveone'sregardstosb=giveone'sbestwishestosb=giveone'sbestlovetosb=giveone'sbestregardstosb.c.替某人向……問好:say"Hi"/"Hello"tosbfromsb=giveone'sregardstosb.Pleaseremembermeto....回答用語:----Iwill.Thanks.d.Howdoyoudo?<初次見面通常用語>---Howdoyoudo?Howareyou?<比較熟悉的人之間用語>---Fine,thankyou,andyou?/Verywell,thankyou.Howareyougettingalongwith...?<你近來...可好?>--Everyisfine!Howareyoudoing?<您工作還順利吧?>---I'mjustgreat!Howiseverything?<一切還好吧?>---Very<quite>well,thankyou!Howisyourvacation/holiday<s>/ChristmasDay/weekend?<假期怎么樣?>---Notbad!What'sup?<近來可忙?>---Couldn'tbebetter,thankyou!What'sgoingon?<近來可好?>---Justsoso.〔一般;還可以注意要點(diǎn)1."Hello"既可用于問候,有時也用于引起對方注意,打或叫人,多在熟人之間使用,而"Hi"的用法比"Hello"更隨便,口語中多見。2.Hello！和Hi！是互相熟悉的人之間的招呼語,比較隨便,一天中任何時候都可以用。有時,后面還可加上對方的名字,以示親熱。Goodevening!一般用于晚上<通常是九點(diǎn)以前>.需要注意的是,不可用Goodday來打招呼。Goodmorning！省略good時,也可用來打招呼,但一般用于比較熟悉的人之間。3."Howareyou?"則用于詢問對方身體情況答語可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,如："Fine/Verywell,thankyou."注意:<very>good不能用來表示身體健康.假如身體確實(shí)不太舒服并想讓對方知道,不妨說Nottoowell,I'mafraid.4.對于不認(rèn)識的人,想要他/她停下的說法：Hey,Sir/Madam!Justamoment,Sir/Madam.5.與英美人見面寒暄時,不應(yīng)問及他<她>的年齡、婚否、收入等個人隱私情況?！锝榻B基本用語a.ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Comrade....MayIintroduceyouto...?I’dlikeyoutomeet....b.Howdoyoudo?Nice/Glad/Pleasedtosee/meetyou.Nicemeetingyou…c.Mynameis....I’ma<student/teacher,etc.>.MayIknowyourname?Margaret,canyouintroducemetoher?Letmeintroduceyoutoothers.MeetmysisterCathy.Bill,thisisTom.Hi,I'mSusan,thisismycallingcard.注意要點(diǎn)"Nicetomeetyou."與"Nicetoseeyou."有一點(diǎn)區(qū)別。前者的意思是初次見面〔認(rèn)識你很高興被人介紹相識后的寒暄用語。后者與前者在意思上相同,但是用于熟人之間〔一段時間未見面后再次相遇兩者回答用語與問候語相同。Nicetomeetyou.主要表示初次見面時的問候,而Nicemeetingyou.則是初次見面分手時的用語。告別中西文化對比有聚總有散！客人要走,中國人常常會極力留客;留不住,也會送客很遠(yuǎn)很遠(yuǎn);嘴里說:"慢走!"客人要走,英美人決不留客,通常一句"Good-bye!"了事,出門一概不理!對于客人的到訪,時常還要表示感謝:Thankyouforcoming.基本用語1.直接的告別話語有：Goodbye!<Byebye!Bye!>Seeyou<tomorrow>!Seeyoulater!Solong!Farewell!Goodnight.2.委婉的告別辭有：I'dliketosaygoodbyetoeveryone.I'mcallingtosaygoodbye.I’mafraidImustbeleaving/offnow.Ithinkit’stimeforustoleavenow.3.其他帶有祝愿以及叮囑等的告別辭有：I'lllookforwardtoseeingyousoon.Let'shopewe’llmeetagain.Hopetoseeyouagain.Dropinanytimeyoulike.注意要點(diǎn)a.Goodnight./Night!只限于晚上告別或上床睡覺時使用。b.Haveaniceday！限于白天告別時用<如早餐后家人互相道別>。c.告別前通常要說一兩句客套話,如：I'mafraidImustbeoff<going>now.長久告別時,還可同時表達(dá)希望今后多聯(lián)系<Keep/Getintouch>,要對方保重身體<Takecare>,問候?qū)Ψ郊胰?lt;Pleasesendmybestwishes/regardstoyourfamily.>等。1.---Hello,Sally.How'severything?---__________.A.GoodforyouB.Oh,IagreeC.That'srightD.Justsoso2.---Howarethingswithyou,Bill?---__________.A.Hello,sureB.IamterriblybusythesedaysC.MindyouownbusinessD.Seeyoulater3.---Goodnightandthanksagain.---__________.A.Youcan'tsaythatB.Oh,no.It'swhatIcandoC.Howcanyouseethat.D.Goodnight.4.---Well,it'sgettinglate.Imustbegoing.Thankyouagainforinvitingmetotheparty?---___.A.Oh,it'ssolateB.ThankyouforcomingC.Oh,sosoonD.Ireallyhadahappytime.5.---Mrs.Johnson,I'vecometosaygood-bye.---__________.A.SeeyounexttimeB.Haveapleasantjourney.IwillmissyouC.That'sOKD.Thankyouforsayingthat.6.----It’sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.----OK.______.A.TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou7.---Letmeintroducemyself.I’mAlbert.----______________.A.WhatapleasureB.It’smypleasureC.PleasedtomeetyouD.I’mverypleased8.Jane:Tom,letmeintroduceyoutoLucy.Tom:______.Lucy:Hi,I’mLucyLee.A.What’syourname?B.Hello.C.Nicetoseeyou.D.Sorry,notrightnow.二、邀請〔約會中西文化對比西方人在發(fā)出"邀請"前常有一個引子,尤其在客氣的場合,如可先這樣問一下對方是否有空：Areyoufreethisevening?而Wouldyouliketo...和I'dliketoinviteyouto...的句式較為客氣,帶有商量、詢問的口氣,多用于不知對方能否接受邀請的場合。a.接受他人邀請時通常還要表示一下感謝。常用:Yes,I’dloveto.Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou;Yes,withpleasure.b.如果是稍有保留地接受,可這樣說：IwillifIcan.It'sverykindofyoutoinviteme,butI'mnotsureifIcancome.c.拒絕他人的邀請一般不直接說No,而要婉言謝絕〔通常會說明理由,并要聲明自己是愿意接受"邀請"的,但因某種原因不能接受,并表示歉意或感謝。常用：I’dliketo,butI’mtoobusy./I’msorryIcan’t,but…Ireallyenjoyit,butI’vegottogonow.IwishIcouldacceptyourinvitation,butI’mafraidIdon’thavetimetogo.Thankyouforyourkindness,butI’vegotanappointmentatthattime.基本用語a.Will/Would/Can/Couldyoucometo...?Wouldyouliketo…I'dliketoinviteyouto...&b.Yes,I'dlove/beglad/happyto<...>.Yes,I'dliketo./I'llbegladto.Ofcourse.I'llbegladto.Ohyes,thankyou.Yes,it'sverykind/niceofyou.OK.Thankyouverymuch.Yes,great.Sure,whynot?Sure.That'sagoodidea.Yes,withpleasure.c.I'dloveto,but....I'msorry,butIcan't.★約會:基本用語a.Areyou/Willyoubefreethisafternoon/tomorrow?Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?Shallwemeetat4:30at...?b.Yes,that’sallright.Yes,I’llbefreethen.c.No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefree....d.Allright.Seeyouthen.交際例句1.--AreyoufreenextWednesdayevening?Iwanttogotothecinemawithyou?--Yes,I'dliketo.2.--Whenshallwemeet,todayortomorrow?--Idon'tmind.EithertimeisOK.3.--Areyoufreelatertoday?--Sorry,I'mfreeeverydayexcepttoday.4.--Areyoufreethisafternoon?--Ohno.Willthiseveningbeallright?5.--Wouldyouliketojoinus?<喜歡和我們一起嗎?>Shallwedance?<我們可以跳個舞嗎?>1.---Wouldyouliketohaveadinnerwithusthisevening?---________.A.OK,butIhavetogotoameetingnowB.No,Ican'tC.Sorry,Iwillgotoairportthisevening.D.Idon'tknow2.---Wearegoingtohaveadancingpartytonight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?---________.A.Yes,it'sverykindofyouB.Ofcoursenot.IhavenoideaC.No,Ican'tD.That'sallright.3.---Canyoucomeoverfordinnerwithus?---________.A.I'dloveto,butIhaveameetingtonightB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.No,Idon'tlikeD.Oh,thatsoundswell4.---Ihavegottwoticketsforthematch.Shallwegoandwatchittogether?---________.A.Theticketsmustbeexpensive.B.ThematchmustbeexcitingC.Whynot?Let'sgoD.Theplaceistoofaraway5.---IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Johnson.---________.A.TheappointmentisputoffB.YoulooksickandweakC.Pleasewaitforaminute.Heisbusynow.D.TellmeyourIDnumber6.----Let’sgotoamovieafterwork,OK?----______.A.Notatall. B.Whynot? C.Nevermind. D.Whatofit?三、感謝和應(yīng)答:中西文化對比1.在英語文化中人們常常通過贊揚(yáng)來鼓勵某些合乎自己心意的行為,像Youdidagoodjob!Welldone,everyone.Youlooknice.That'sabeautifulshirtyou'rewearing.Youareveryclever.而對他人的贊美,最普通、常用的答語是"Thankyou."而在中國的文化中,人們面對夸獎,常說"您過獎了"、"哪里,哪里。"〔"Where,where?"以表示謙遜。2.英國人收到禮物時,通常都會當(dāng)著送禮人的面打開禮物,同時會說一些喜歡或贊美的話以表示謝意,送禮人此時常常附和說:"I'mgladyoulikeit."而中國人往往說一些謙讓的話"您太客氣了。""您這樣做太破費(fèi)了。"等。若用此表達(dá)方式對待英國人,對方肯定會覺得你不喜歡或?qū)λ亩Y物不屑一顧。3.在西方,別人給你做事、幫忙,別人向你問候或祝賀,別人給你鼓勵或贊揚(yáng)時,不能直接說No,而應(yīng)該說Thankyou。4.當(dāng)別人問你要不要喝茶或吃點(diǎn)什么東西時,你若要喝或吃應(yīng)說Yes,please,若你不想吃或喝應(yīng)說No,thankyou．或No,thanks．5.沒得到或不需要對方的幫助可以說:Thankyouall/justthesame.Thankyouanyway。基本用語a.Thankyou<verymuch>./Thanks<alot>./Manythanks./Thanksfor....It'sverykindofyouto….b.Notatall./That'sallright./You'rewelcome./That'sOK．/It'sapleasure/<It's>Mypleasure。Don'tmentionit.I'mgladyoulikeit.It'sreallynothingatall.★祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答:中西文化對比A.對于他人的祝愿、祝賀,英美人表示感謝<Thanks>。B.和大家同慶同歡樂,回答用:Thesametoyou/You,too.C.I’mgladtohearthat.用于向?qū)Ψ街鲃痈嬷南彩卤硎咀ＹR或"附和".D.西方人喜歡收到禮物時當(dāng)場打開并大加贊賞說：Wonderful！/Beautiful！/Whatanicepresent!/Howniceagift！并表示感謝!E.允許去玩樂說:Haveanice/good/pleasant/wonderfultime./Havefun!玩得開心點(diǎn)!盡情去玩吧!F.為人送行用:Haveagoodtrip./Haveapleasantjourney./Goodluckwithyourtrip!Goodtriptoyou!Nicejourneytoyou!祝旅途愉快！祝一路順風(fēng)！基本用語1.Bestwishestoyou!Iwishyougoodhealth.Goodluckandsuccesstoyou!Wishyousuccess!Mayyousuccess/succeed!2.MerryChristmas!Happybirthdaytoyou!/HappyNewYear!3.Congratulations<on…>!Welldone!Goodluckwith…/Goodlucktoyou!4.Enjoyyourvacation!EnjoyyourstayinChina.1.---ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?---Thankyou._________.A.Itcouldn’tbebetterB.OfcourseyoucanC.IfyoulikeD.It’suptoyou2.----CanIhelpyouwithyourhomework?----No,Icanmanageitmyself._____.A.Thankyouanyway.B.ManythanksC.I’msorry.D.Youareverykind.3.---Ihadareallygoodweekendatmyuncle's.---___.A.Oh,thatveryniceofyouB.CongratulationsC.It’sapleasureD.Oh,I’mgladtohearthat4.---Thesearecertainlybeautifulflowers.Thankyousomuch.---__________.A.No,no.It'snothingB.YouarewelcomeC.Yes,IagreeD.Yes,Ithinksotoo.5.---Iwasworriedaboutchemistry,butMr.BrowngavemeanA!---__________.A.Don'tworryaboutitB.Congratulations!That'sadifficultcourseC.Mr.BrownisverygoodD.Goodlucktoyou6.---Congratulations!Youwonthefirstprizeintoday'sspeechcontest.---__________.A.Yes,IbeattheothersB.No,no.Ididn'tdoitwellC.ThankyouD.It'sapleasure7.---Welldone.Congratulationsonyoursuccess.---__________.A.ThankyouverymuchB.Oh,no,noC.No,Ididn'tdoverywellD.Sorry,Icouldn'tbeanybetter8.---Youhavelovelychildren.---__________.A.No,no,theyarenot.B.Oh,no,noC.YouaretalkingtoomuchD.Thanks9.---Thankyoueversomuchforthebookyousentme.---___.A.No,thanksB.I’mgladyoulikeitC.Please,don’tsaysoD.No,it’snotsogood10.--Don'tforgettophonemewhenyougethome.Justtoletmeknowyou'vearrivedsafely.--Iwon'tforget.Good-byethen.--____A.WithpleasureB.HaveanicetripC.Don'tmentionitD.It'sverykindofyou11.---I’llgotoMike’sbirthdayparty,Dad.---________.A.HavefunB.GoodideaC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Beaman.12.-----Hi,haven’tseenyourforages!Youlookfine!-----_______.Youlookwell,too.A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall.13.---It’sbeenawonderfulevening.Thankyouverymuch.---_____.A.MypleasureB.I’mgladtohearthatC.No,thanksD.It’sOK14.----Mike,ourteamwillplayagainstthatofClassOnethisweekend.I'msurewewillwin.----______!A.CongratulationsB.CheersC.BestwishesD.Goodluck15.Sara：Goodevening,Mick.I'msogladyoucouldcome.Mick：_______,Sara.Sara：Pleasecomeinandtakeaseat.Mick：______.Happybirthdaytoyou,Sara.Thisisforyou.Sara：Agiftforme?Mick：Sure.Congratulationsonthishappyday.Sara：_______.<Openthegift>Oh,it'slovelyandverybeautiful.Mick：________.16.LiGang：Hello,Sam.HappyChristmasandNewYear!Sam：____________.LiGang：Wishyoueverysuccessinthecomingyear.Sam：____________.LiGang：MayNewYearbringyourfamilyhappinessandgoodhealth.Sam：________yourbestwishes.LiGang：Whatawonderfulsnow!Sam：Yes.Infact,thisisthefirstwhiteChristmasinmylife.四、道歉、遺憾和應(yīng)答<責(zé)備和抱怨;提醒>中西文化對比中國人喜歡反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的謙意,并喜歡用"非常抱歉"、"深表歉意"等表示程度傾向的語句,而英美人士則不同,對于因客觀原因而造成的過失或差錯,不必主動工過分向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢?。如一定要向?qū)Ψ降狼?說聲sorry即可,一般不用very,terribly,truly等表示程度的詞。因?yàn)樵诿绹?過分的道歉或自責(zé)反而顯得不太誠懇,令人感到虛假或另有用心。對于不能去做或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的不幸的事情,西方人表示遺憾說:Whatapity/shame!表示同情說:I'msorrytohearthat.Badluck!基本用語1.<I'm>Sorry./I'msorryfor/about…/I'msorrytodosth./I'msorrytohavedonesth…2.Excuse/Pardonme<for…>3.Pleaseforgivemefor...<請?jiān)彙?gt;4.sb.beafraidthat…5.Whatapity/shame!/It'sapitythat…A.Itisnotimportant.That'sOK.That'sallright.It'squiteallright.Nevermind.Itdoesn'tmatter<atall>.Notatall.It'snothing./That'snothing.<沒關(guān)系>Pleasedon'tworry.It'snothingtoworryabout.Nottoworry.Don'tmentionit.Itdoesn'treallymatter.Pleasethinknothingofit.Let'sforgetit./Noharmdone.B.That'snotyourfault.It'snotyourfault.Itwasmetoblame.<這是我的錯>Itwasallmyfaulttohavedone...<這都是我的錯…>That'sokay.Don'tletitbotheryou.<沒事,別想的太多了>Wereallydidn'tmeanthatatall.<我們真的沒有那樣的意思>注意要點(diǎn)Excuseme通常用于下列情形：需要打斷別人談話或工作時；有求于他人時；因故需要暫時離開時；就某事表示不同意見時；自己的言行將會影響他人時?！布矗赫f或做可能令人不悅的事情之前使用以引起別人注意。注意:打擾別人,意為"勞駕"；請求別人讓路；向別人問路,打聽消息,意為"對不起,請問…"?；卮饡r說:"Yes?"；Sorry用于說話人做了錯事或無意中與別人發(fā)生沖撞時于事后向他人表示歉意；也可表示因不能滿足他人要求或請求而表示歉意。"Ibegyourpardon."用來表示聽話人未能聽清楚他人所說的話,而希望說話人重復(fù)所說的話時的禮貌用法,"沒聽清話語,而要麻煩再說一遍."。I’msorrytohearit/that.則是對說話者本人或近親屬已經(jīng)發(fā)生的不幸,進(jìn)行安慰?！镓?zé)備和抱怨中西文化差異西方人說話比較直率。對于別人的打擾,自己受到的不公平待遇會以"提醒"、"明確表示"等方式說出來,但是不會不留面子。一般對責(zé)備與抱怨,人們通常的反應(yīng)是表示抱歉<I’msorry>與愿意接受?；居谜ZA.英語中責(zé)備與抱怨的話通常有：Whatonearthisthematterhere?<到底發(fā)生了什么事?>I'mafraidIhaveacomplainttomakeabouttheservice.<我對你們的服務(wù)有意見。>Yououghttobeashamedofwhatyou'vedoneonme.<你應(yīng)為你對我所做的事感到羞愧。>Whyonearthdidyousaysuchasillythingtome?<你對我說這種蠢話究竟是什么意思?>Yououghttobecarefulenoughnexttime.<你下次再不能這樣粗心了。>It'snoniceofyoutobehavelikethat.<你那樣做太不像話。>Iamashamedofyou.我為你感到羞恥。Youcan'tdothattome.你不能這樣對我。Whycan’tyoudosomethingaboutit?Howdareyoudothat?你怎幺敢這樣做？Can'tyousee?你難道沒看見嗎？Whatdoyoumeanbydoingso?你那樣做是什幺意思？Whatonearthisthematter?究竟發(fā)生了什幺事情？Whydidn'tyoutellmethetruthearlier?Didn'tItellyoutobehereontime?難道我沒叫你準(zhǔn)時到這里嗎？B.I’msorrytohavesaidthat,but....It'smyfault,Iamtoblame.這是我的過錯,我該罰。It'snoneofyourbusiness.你不要多管閑事?！锾嵝眩夯居谜ZDon’tforgetto....Don’tyourememberthedayswhen...?MakesurethateverythingisOKnow.Imustremindyouof…Becareful!1.----Ohdear!I’vejustbrokenawindow.----.Itcan’tbehelped.A.NevermindB.Allright C.That’sfine D.Notatall2.----James,IamsorryIusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.----.A.That’sallrightB.It’sapleasure C.Youarewelcome D.Don’tmentionit3.—Excusemeforinterruptingyou.—________.A.Takeiteasy B.Don'texcuseme C.That'sright D.That'sallright.4.—I'msorrytohavegotyouintotrouble.—__________.A.Don'tsayso B.Noworry C.Itdoesn'tmatter D.Nothing5.---Youhaven'tpaidforityet.----_______.A.Oh,I'mreallyverysorry.B.Notroubleatall.C.That’snothingD.Nevermind.6.---Myfatherisillinhospital.Ihavetogoandtakecareofhim.---________.A.Whatapity!B.Don’tmentionitC.It’sOK.D.I’msorrytohearthat.7.---Oh,sorrytobotheryou.----_______.A.That'sokayB.No,youcan'tC.That'sgoodD.Oh,Idon'tknow8.---Excuseme.Idon'twanttointerruptyoubut…----_______.A.CanIhelpyouB.Certainly,howdareyouC.It'squiteallrightD.Yes,youdid9.---Oh,I'msorry.ButIpromiseI'llbecarefulnexttime.----_______.A.It'snothingatallB.Oh,nevermind.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Thankyou.D.Therearenoquestions10.---Mygrandmother'stakenillandI'vegottogodowntothehospital.----_______.A.Wearegoingtothesameplace.B.Verysorrytohearit.Ihopeit'snothingseriousC.ReallyD.Letmegowithyou11.---Edsaidthathisboyfellofftree.----_______.A.Ohdear!Ihopehewasn'thurt.B.Oh,no.AluckboyC.HemighthavebrokenhisarmD.Nothingserious12.--Iwassosurethatourexperimentwasgoingtosucceed,butsomethingwentwrongatthelastmoment.--____,butdon'tgiveitup.A.Youdon'tmeanthatB.FindoutthereasonC.NevermindD.I'msorrytohearthat13.---I’msorryIbrokeyourmirror.---Oh,really?________.A.It’sOKwithmeB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.Don’tbesorryD.Idon’tcare14.A:Comein,MrSmith.Nicetoseeyou.B:Nicetoseeyoutoo.I'mverysorrytobelate.A:_________.We'regladyoucouldcome.B:Ididn'tquiterememberthenumberofyourhouse,soittookmealongtimetofindyourhouse.A:_________thatIdidn'tmakemyselfclear.B:Oh,__________.五、禁止和警告基本常識日常生活中,人們經(jīng)常會碰到"禁止""警告"的場合,如在博物館里的NoTouch〔請勿觸摸展品；影劇院里、公共汽車上的NoSmoking〔不許抽煙；公園里座位旁邊的WetPaint〔油漆未干；交通要道處的NoParking〔禁止停車等。在正式場合,提醒對方注意,語氣一般較為婉轉(zhuǎn),如：Pleasebesuretocomeearliertomorrow.當(dāng)對方處于危險狀態(tài)而沒有注意到時,你應(yīng)該及時提出警告以防不測。如情況危險,就用簡短有力的祈使句。如：Takecare!/Watchout!/Becareful!/Stop!接受了別人的警告必須向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x并簡要說明理由,甚至道歉。禁止和警告通常是在一種緊急的語境中發(fā)出的,而且語言要簡潔,因此祈使句是常見的表達(dá)方式。禁止和警告這一功能有時相當(dāng)于威脅,但口氣強(qiáng)弱有所不同。表示禁止時常用：Youmustn't/Youcan't<不行>。表示警告時常用和：Takecare./Becareful!/Lookout!/Mindout!小心Watchout!當(dāng)心!等。基本用語Youcan't/Mustn'tdo……Ifyou……,youwill……Youhadbetternotdo….Don'tsmoke.Nonoise,please.No+doing…Besurenottodo…Lookout!<緊急>/Takecare!<提醒注意>/Becareful!Lookoutfor…/Becarefulwith…Makesureyoulockthedoorwhenyouleave!Mindthewetpaint!Mindyourownbusiness!別管閑事！Watchoutwhereyouarewalking.Noway./OK,Iwill./Sorry,Iwon't.交際例句1.--Don'tclimbthatladder!It'sbroken.--OK.Thankyou.2.--Lookout!There'sacarcoming.--Oh,thankyou.3.--Youmustn'tplayonthestreet.It'sdangerous.--No,wewon't.4.--Don'ttouchthemachinewhenitisworking.--No,Iwon't.Thankyou.5.--Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.--Oh,I'msorry.1>—MayI____thebookforanotherweek?—No,you____.Youmustreturnitrightnow.A.lend;mustn't B.keep;can't C.have;needn'tD.borrow;mustn't2>—______whenyoucrossthestreet.There'ssomuchtraffic.—Yes,Iwill.A.Takecare B.Makesure C.LookoutD.Becareful3>---Youcan'twalkyourdoginthepark.---_______.A.Oh,I'msorry.I'llneverdoitagain.B.Mindyourownbusiness.C.Oh,thankyou.D.Idon’tthinkso.AndIlikeit.4>Robert：Areyouholdingtheladder,Jane?Jane：Yes,Iam.Pleasebecareful,Robert.Don'tgotoohigh.Robert：___________.I'mOK.Jane：Look!Therearesomegoodapplesoverthere.Robert：Where?Jane：Behindyou!Canyoureachthem?Robert：Oh,yes.Icanseethem,butIcan'treachthem.Jane：__________.It'sdangerous!You'retoohigh.Robert：No,I'mnot.Great!Icanreachthemnow.六、請求、允許〔提出幫助;提出建議和忠告、:基本用語a.May/Can/CouldI...?IwonderifIcould/can....DoyoumindifIdo..?/WouldyoumindifIdid…?b.Yes/Sure/Certainly.Yes,<do>please.Ofcourse<youmay>.Goahead,please.<有請!>That'sOK/allright.Notatall.Withpleasure.很樂意.c.I'msorryyoucan't.I'msorry,but....You'dbetternot.Allright./OK.▲對Would/Doyoumindif…的回答。<首先要根據(jù)情況回答"是否介意"。如果真的介意,都要委婉拒絕。不介意的答語：No,ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./No,goahead./Notatall.……介意的答語：I'msorryyoucan't./Sorry,butit'snotallowed./You'dbetternot.Iwouldratheryoudidn't…/I'mafraid…▲對IwonderifIcould/can的回答：允許Sure,goahead./Yes,pleasedo./Yes.Ofcourse.Certainly.不允許I'msorry,but…/I'mafraidnot./No,pleasedon't./You'dbetternot.交際例句1.--Pleaseletmehelpyou.--No,thanks.Icancarryit.2.--CanIseeyourlicenceplease?--OK.3.--MayIcallyouJames?--Ofcourse,ifyouwish.4.--CouldIborrowapenplease?--Ofcourse.Withpleasure.5.--Excuseme.MayIuseyourdictionary?--Yes,hereyouare.6.--MayIaskyouseveralquestions?--Yes,ofcourse.★提供〔幫助等和應(yīng)答基本常識1.發(fā)現(xiàn)陌生人或不太熟悉的人有困難,一般用下列句子主動提供幫助。CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Doyouwantmetocallyouadoctor?/Letmecarrytheluggageforyou.Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?2.如果是熟悉的人或朋友,可直接問對方需要什么幫助。Wouldyoulikemetogetyouabook?/Doyouwantmetocallyouataxi?Ifyoudon'tmind,I'llgoandbuythemforyou./Here,takemyumbrella.3.不需要別人幫助時,還是得先表示謝意。Pleasedon'tworry.Icanmanageitmyself.Pleasedon'tbother.Thankyouallthesame.No,thanks.基本用語1.Can/Could/ShallIhelpyou