Unit721世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)book2

Unit7Non-HumanEarthlingsObjectivesPartIVideoStarterPartII TextAPartIIITextBPartIVAdditionalTheme-RelatedActivities——Exercises——ExercisesOutlineFromstudyingthisunit,studentsareexpectedtoappreciatethatnonhumananimals,differentastheyarefromus,alsorelatetoandcareforeachother;mastercertainusefulsentencestructures(e.g.therebenoway…)aswellasthewordsandexpressionsthattheexercisesfollowingTextAfocusupon;understandhowtobuildandusewordsusingthesuffix–able;andtalkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedaboutnonhumanearthlings.ObjectivesPartIVideoStarter

Tobegin,we’llwatchavideoclipandtrytograspitsmessage.Gettingtoknowthewordsandexpressionsintheboxbelowfirstmaybehelpful.haveeveryreasontodosth.有充分理由（做某事）intimate/IntImt/a.親密的；密切的mutuality/mjutSUQltI/n.親密無(wú)間deserve/dIzv/vt.值得whenitcomesto當(dāng)說(shuō)到/涉及…時(shí)trigger/trIg(r)/vt.引起；觸發(fā)image/ImIdZ/n.影像；圖像flesh/fleS/n.(動(dòng)物)肉predator/predt(r)/n.食肉動(dòng)物prey/preI/n.獵物paw/p/n.(四足動(dòng)物的)爪子cruelty/krUltI/n.殘酷brutality/brutQltI/n.殘忍documentary/dkjUmentrI/n.紀(jì)錄片kingdom/kINdm/n.王國(guó)；（動(dòng)、植、礦物）界compassion/kmpQSn/n.同情；憐憫trait/treIt/n.特征，特性similarity/sImIlQrtI/n.類似性；類似處species/spiSiz/n.〈單復(fù)同〉物種，種類PartIVideoStarterVideoClip【Script】Askthestudentsthefollowingquestionsafterlisteningandwatchingifyouhaveenoughtime:1.Doyouhaveapet?2.Whatisyourmainreasontokeeptheanimalasapet?3.Speakingofanimals,whatkindofimagewouldyoucomeupwith?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.ThecloseandintimatemutualityIhavenurturedwithmycaringlove._________________________________________________________________________Animageofbloodandfleshwiththepredatorstearingtheirpreyswiththeirteethandpaws;animageofcrueltyandbrutality.___________________________________________________________________________________________________4.Whatdoestheimageusuallyhavetodowith?5.Whatdowemeanwhenwementionthecrueltyandbrutalityofanimals?6.Whyisitthatthisisonlypartofthestory?7.WhatissaidofthestorybyCuny?8.Whatisthemessagehere?TVdocumentsontheanimalkingdom.Becausenonhumananimalsdohavesuchtraitsascareandcompassion.Theirlackofsuchhumantraitsascareandcompassion._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Itisawindowthroughwhichwecanseetheemotionalsimilaritiesbetweenushumansandotherspecies.____________________________________________________________________________________Wecanhaveabetterunderstandingofanimalsifwechoosetolookatthemfromadifferentperspective.____________________________________________________________________________________NowthatthestudentshavefullyunderstoodtheVideoStarter,youcanasksomeofthemtodub（配音）thevideo,iftimepermits.Correcttheirerrorsinpronunciationandintonation.TranscriptNotesHello,everybody!Handsupanyonewholovespets!Andwhat’syourpet?Imustsaythatyouhaveeveryreasontokeepitasyourpet.Probablythemainreasonwhyyouloveitisthecloseandintimate1mutuality2youhavenurturedwithyourlovingcare.Andyouwouldsaythatanimalsdeserve3

ourhumancare,wouldn’tyou?1)

close,familiar親密的，親切的e.g.anintimatefriend親密的朋友2)

areciprocalityofsentiments親密無(wú)間e.g.Themutualityoftheiraffectionwasobvious.他們明顯是互相愛(ài)慕的。3)

tohavetherighttoget值得e.g.Animalsdeserveourrespect,loveandprotection.動(dòng)物值得我們尊重、愛(ài)護(hù)和保護(hù)。TranscriptNotesWhenitcomestoanimals,however,wejustcan’tavoidtriggering4

animageofbloodandfleshwiththepredators5tearingtheirpreys6

withtheirteethandpaws,animageof4)

tomakesth.happen引起，觸發(fā)e.g.Thatwon’ttriggeranuclearwarbetweenthesuperpowers.那不會(huì)在超級(jí)大國(guó)之間挑起核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。5)

ananimalthatkillsandeatsotheranimals食肉動(dòng)物e.g.LionisthestrongestpredatorinAfrica.獅子是非洲最強(qiáng)大的食肉動(dòng)物。6)

ananimalthatiscaughtbyanotheranimalandeaten獵物e.g.Thelionseizeditspreyandateit.獅子抓住并吃掉了它的獵物。TranscriptNotescruelty7

andbrutality8

whichisoftencreatedout7)

behaviourthatdeliberatelycausespaintootherpeopleoranimals,orthatmakesthemunhappyorupset殘酷e.g.Shewasshockedbythecrueltyofhiswords.他說(shuō)出那樣絕情的話讓她很吃驚。8)

extremeviolence,esp.whenitisdeliberatelycruel殘忍e.g.thebrutalityoftheattack進(jìn)攻中的殘忍TranscriptNotesoftheTVdocumentaries9ontheanimalkingdom.Itseemsthatwecan’ttalkaboutanimalswithouttalkingabouttheircrueltyandbrutality,forinstance,theirlackofsuchhumantraitsascareandcompassion10.Thisisonlypartofthestory.AsCuny,theauthorofthetextyouaregoingtoread,wouldsay,9)

documentaryaTVprogramthatdealswithrealpeopleorevents紀(jì)錄片e.g.ShemadeadocumentaryaboutthewarinIraq.她拍攝了一部關(guān)于伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的紀(jì)錄片。10)

afeelingofsympathyforsomeonewhoisinabadsituationbecauseyouunderstandandcareaboutthem同情；憐憫e.g.Theyhadactedoutofcompassion.他們的行為是出于同情。TranscriptNotesnonhumananimalsdohavesuchtraits11.Herrealstorycanserveasawindowthroughwhichwecanseetheemotionalsimilarities12betweenushumansandotherspecies.Thiscanhelpusshapethewholepictureinbetterunderstandingotherspecies.Theydeserveit.Andthis,inturn,helpsushumansreflectonourowndoings.11)

aparticularqualityinsb.’scharacter特征，特性e.g.Herkindnessisoneofhermostpleasingtraits.善良是她最討人喜歡的性格特點(diǎn)之一。12)

thedegreetowhichonethingissimilartoanother,orthefactthattheyaresimilar類似性；類似處e.g.Hissignaturebearsnosimilaritytomine.他的簽名和我的簽名一點(diǎn)也不像。PartII TextAADayintheDuckFamily’sLifeLynnMarieCunyTitleofTextA鴨子家族生活的一天琳·瑪麗·庫(kù)尼ChineseVersionLynnMarieCuny（琳●瑪麗●庫(kù)尼）:Texasbornandbred,shehasdevotedherlifetorescuinganimalsofalltypes.SheistheauthorofThroughAnimal’sEyes:TrueStoriesfromaWildlifeSanctuary,whichcontains31heartwarmingtalesofrescuedcreaturesfromalargewildliferehabilitation（康復(fù)）centerinSanAntonio,Texas.

Aftermorethanseventeenyearsofrescuingwildanimalsfromeveryimaginable

fate,Ialwayshavetorememberwhatwouldhavebecomeof1

themhadwenotbeenthereforthem.Withoutadoubt2,mostofthemwouldhaveperished.Thequestionis:arewesimplytamperingwith3

MotherNatureeverytimewesavealife?Consideringthealternativetheseanimalsface,Ibelieveitisvitallyimportantforustorescueeverywildanimalandgivetheinjuredorsickanimalasecondchanceatlife.Para.1ofTextA

1.<問(wèn)句>使遭遇；發(fā)生于2.無(wú)疑地3.干預(yù)；胡亂擺弄1)Howmanyyearshastheauthordedicatedtorescuingwildanimalsfromimaginablefate?2)Whatdoestheauthorfindveryimportant?QuestionsAboutThisParagraphOverseventeenyears.Shefindsitvitallyimportanttorescuewildanimalsandgivetheinjuredorsickanimalasecondchanceatlife.經(jīng)過(guò)17年多的拯救野生動(dòng)物、讓它們擺脫各種可想象的命運(yùn)之后，我總是不得不想，如果我們沒(méi)有出手，那么它們的結(jié)局會(huì)怎樣。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，大部分可能會(huì)消亡。問(wèn)題是：我們每救助一個(gè)生命是否都是對(duì)大自然的干預(yù)呢？考慮到這些動(dòng)物面臨的選擇，我相信我們很有必要救助每個(gè)野生動(dòng)物，讓傷病者獲得第二次生命的機(jī)會(huì)。ChineseVersionimaginable:

a.possibletobethoughtoforbelieved可想象的，想得到的e.g.Wehadeveryimaginabledifficultygettinghereintime.為了及時(shí)趕到這里我們碰到了可以想象的極大的困難。Thisistheonlysolutionimaginable.這是唯一可想象的解決辦法。fate:

n.thethingsthathappentosomeone,esp.unpleasantthings命運(yùn)e.g.abitterfate苦命Thecompany’sfateisuncertain.這家公司依然前途未卜。becomeof:(inquestions)happento〈問(wèn)句〉使遭遇；發(fā)生于e.g.What’sbecomeofthewatchIgaveyouasabirthdaypresentlastyear?我去年給你作為生日禮物的那個(gè)手表現(xiàn)在咋樣啦？HeaskedmeaboutwhathadbecomeofGeorge.他問(wèn)我有關(guān)喬治的情況。perish:

v.todie,usuallybecauseofanillnessorsth.thathappenssuddenly消亡e.g.Allourhorsesperishedinthefire.我們所有的馬都葬身于大火。Ifeltreadytoperishwithcold.我感覺(jué)自己快要凍死了。tamperwith:tointerferewithsth.;tocausedamageormakeunauthorizedalterations干預(yù)；胡亂擺弄e.g.Don’ttamperwithotherpeople’saffairs.不要干預(yù)別人的事。Itwasclearthatsomeonehadtamperedwiththecomputer.顯然，有人擺弄了這臺(tái)電腦。alternative:

n.sth.thatyoucanchooseinsteadofsth.else抉擇；供選擇的東西e.g.Youhavethealternativeoffightingorbeingtakenprisoner.你要么戰(zhàn)斗，要么當(dāng)俘虜。HisfathergaveJohnthealternativeofstayinginhighschoolorgoingtowork.約翰的父親讓他選擇繼續(xù)讀中學(xué)還是去工作。vitally:

ad.inanextremelyimportantway非常重要地e.g.Tothesevitallyimportantandprofoundquestionstherearenosimpleanswers.這些重要和深?yuàn)W的問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單答案的。Clearly,suchissuesarevitallyimportantwhenteachingandlearningforeignlanguages.很顯然，這些問(wèn)題對(duì)于外語(yǔ)教學(xué)非常重要。injure:

v.tohurtsb.andcausedamagetohis/herbody傷害；損害e.g.Shewasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.她在這次事故當(dāng)中受了重傷。Youhaveinjuredhisself-respect.你傷了他的自尊心。Para.2ofTextA

Everysooften4,though,Ifindmyselfinthepositionof5beingasilentobserver.Ifeelfortunatetohavebeengiventhegiftofwatchingwildanimalsintheirhabitatastheyprovetheirunlimiteddepthoffeelingandinnateabilitytocarefor6

oneanother.4.有時(shí)，偶爾5.（由于客觀或主觀條件）可（能）做某事6.照顧，照料1)Whatdoestheauthorsometimesthinksheshoulddo?2)Whatdoesthesecondsentenceimply?QuestionsAboutThisParagraphBeasilentobserver.Noteverybodyhasthecapabilityofwatchingwildanimalsintheirhabitat.然而，有時(shí)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以做一個(gè)默默的旁觀者。我覺(jué)得自己很幸運(yùn)，能有機(jī)會(huì)在野生動(dòng)物的棲息之地觀察它們，看它們證明自己擁有極其深厚的情感，具有彼此關(guān)照的天然能力。ChineseVersioneverysooften:sometimes,notfrequently有時(shí)，偶爾e.g.Hecomesandseesuseverysooften.他有時(shí)候會(huì)來(lái)看看我們。Shehasagoodtemperbuteverysooftenshegetsangry.她脾氣很好，但有時(shí)候也會(huì)生氣。inthepositionofdoingsth.:（由于客觀或主觀條件）可（能）做某事e.g.Atthismoment,heistheonlyoneinthepositiontomakesomecriticalcomments.這個(gè)時(shí)候，只有他才能做出一些批判性的評(píng)論。observer:

n.someonewhoispresentataneventbuttakesnoactivepart觀察者e.g.anattentiveobserver全神貫注的觀察者anobserverofnature大自然的觀察者Acasualobservermaygetthewrongimpression.漫不經(jīng)心的觀察者可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤的印象。habitat:

n.thetypeofplacethataparticularanimalusuallylivesinoraparticularplantusuallygrowsin,e.g.adesert,forest,orlake棲息地e.g.likelyhabitatsofthieves竊賊可能居住的地方Iprefertoseeanimalsintheirnaturalhabitat,ratherthaninthezoo.我喜歡看在天然棲息地的動(dòng)物，而不是動(dòng)物園里的。unlimited:

a.withnolimitsrelatingtoamount,time,freedom,etc.無(wú)界限的；無(wú)數(shù)的e.g.Nolongeristhesupplyunlimited.供給已經(jīng)不再是無(wú)限量的了。Biotechnologyopensupalmostunlimitedpossibilities.生物技術(shù)開(kāi)辟了近乎無(wú)限的可能性。innate:

a.inborn,natural天然的，天生的e.g.Everyonehastheinnatecapacitytolove.每個(gè)人擁有愛(ài)這種與生俱來(lái)的能力。Verylittleofourpublicbehaviorisinnate;mostofushaveonlyverylimitedcreativeoriginality.我們的公共行為很少是與生俱來(lái)的；我們大多數(shù)人只有有限的原創(chuàng)性。carefor:todothenecessarythingsforsb.whoneedshelporprotection照顧，照料e.g.Shecaresforherelderlymother.她照料著年邁的母親。Hecouldnolongercareforhimselforcommunicateinanyunderstandableway.他已經(jīng)不再能夠自理，也無(wú)法與人溝通。

Naturemaynotalwaysappearkindbyourstandards7.Still,Ibelievethat,ifwewatchwithanon-judgmental

eye,wewillwitnessatendernessandwisdominallofthelifethatsurroundsus.Paras.3ofTextA

7.按照我們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Whatcanwewitnessinallofthelifearoundusifwedon’thaveajudgmentaleye?QuestionAboutThisParagraphWecanwitnessatendernessandwisdominallofthelifeifwewatchwithanonjudgmentaleye.按照我們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，大自然或許是殘酷的。但我還是認(rèn)為，如果我們還帶著批判的眼光，我們將會(huì)目擊到身邊所有生命表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的溫柔和智慧。ChineseVersionbythestandardof:按照…的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)e.g.Byanystandard,theworkwasgood.不論按照什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量，該作品都是優(yōu)秀的。Theirperformancewasterriblebymystandards.按照我的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)看，他們的表演很糟糕。non-judgmental:

a.nottoowillingtocriticizeotherpeople’sactionsandbehaviourandsaythattheyarewrong不按個(gè)人道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評(píng)定的；客觀的witness:

v.toseesth.happen,e.g.acrimeoranaccident目擊e.g.Didanyonewitnesstherobbery?有誰(shuí)親眼目睹這次搶劫事件了嗎？Hewitnessedastrangechangeinher.他注意到了她奇怪的變化。tenderness:

n.gentleness,kindnessandaffection溫柔；慈愛(ài)e.g.maternaltenderness母親般的溫柔Hecanfeelhiswife’stendernesstowardshim.他可以感受到妻子對(duì)自己的溫柔。

Severalyearsagoinearlyspring,mymother,sister,nephewandIwereenjoyingasunnyafternooninLandaParkinNewBraunfels.Thecreeksandriversrunningthrough8

theparkaretheperfecthabitatforanimalsthathavespentgenerationsthere,followingNature’splanofraisingtheiryoung,findingfood,livinganddying.Para.4ofTextA

8.貫穿1)Whendidtheauthorenjoyasunnyafternoonwithherfamily?2)WhatrunsthroughLandaPark?3)Whatarethecreeksandriverstosomeanimals?Severalyearsagoinearlyspring.Creeksandriversrunthroughthepark.Theyaretheirperfecthabitat.QuestionsAboutThisParagraph幾年前的早春，我和媽媽、妹妹、侄兒在新布朗費(fèi)爾的蘭德公園享受著一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的下午。流過(guò)公園的小溪和河流構(gòu)成了動(dòng)物們的絕佳棲息場(chǎng)所，它們?cè)诖舜毖埽凑兆匀坏囊?guī)劃養(yǎng)育后代、尋覓食物、生老病死。ChineseVersioncreek:

n.anarrowstream小河，溪e.g.Hehittheballintothecreek.他把球打到小河里了。Thesidesofthecreekarecoveredwithmaturetrees.小溪兩岸覆蓋著大樹(shù)。runthrough:貫穿e.g.Theriverrunsthroughseveralundergroundcaves.這條河流過(guò)幾個(gè)地下巖洞。SuzhouRiverrunsthroughthecityofShanghai.蘇州河貫穿上海市。

Wewatchedafamilyofmallardsswimmingalongintheshallowwater.TherewereabouttwelveducklingsandMomandDadDuck.Thebabieswereafewweeksoldandjustbeginningtodiveunderthewaterwiththeirparents.Theentirefamilyseemedhappytospenditsdaysquacking,swimmingandplayingaboutinthewater,splashingintheshallowsandchasingdragonfliesthatcametooclosetothewater’ssurface.Para.5ofTextA

Howmanyducksweretherealtogether?Whatdidtheentirefamilyseemhappytodo?Therewere14ducksaltogether(12ducklingsandMomandDadDuck).Theyseemedhappytospendtheirdaysquacking,swimmingandplayingaboutinthewater,splashingintheshallowsandchasingdragonfliesthatcametooclosetothewater’ssurface.QuestionsAboutThisParagraph我們看到一家綠頭鴨在淺水中游泳。大約有12只小鴨子，還有鴨媽媽和鴨爸爸。小鴨子只有幾周大，剛開(kāi)始和父母親一起潛水。整個(gè)家族似乎都很高興能每天這樣嘎嘎叫著、游泳戲水、在淺水處撥弄水花、追逐離水面很近的蜻蜓。ChineseVersionmallard:

n.acommontypeofwildduck綠頭鴨shallow:

a.withonlyashortdistancefromthetoporsurfacetothebottom淺的e.g.ashallowpond/grave淺的池塘/墓穴duckling:

n.ayoungduck小鴨子.“Thesuffix-linginthiswordmeans“young”or“notimportant”.Moreexamplesare“pigling”（小豬）,“sibling”（同胞，兄弟姐妹）and“underling”（下屬）.dive:

v.tojumpintowaterwithone’sheadfirstandwithone’sarmsstretchedoutinfrontofhim潛水；跳水e.g.Hebravelydivedfromthebridgeintothewaterandrescuedtheboy.他勇敢地從橋上躍入水中救起那男孩。Shedivedintothewaterandswamenergeticallyaway.她跳進(jìn)水里，奮力游走了。quack:

vi.tomakethesoundthataduckmakes（鴨子）嘎嘎叫.Thisisanonomatopoeicword（象聲詞）,referringtothesoundmadebyducks.Moreexamplesaremew（貓叫聲）,bark（狗叫聲）andlow（牛叫聲）.splash:

v.toputaliquidonsth.inaroughandnoisyway濺，潑e.g.Heisnotreallyswimming,heisjustsplashingabout.他不是真的在游泳，而是在戲水。Thedogsplashedacrossthecreek.那只狗濺潑著水越過(guò)小溪。

WithMominthelead,theducklingsfollowedclosely.DadDuckkeptakeeneyeon9

hisbroodasheswamalongbehind.Suddenly,oneoftheducklingsencounteredtrouble.Heseemedtobecaughtonsomethingjustbelowthewater’ssurface.Hekepttryingtoswim,butapparentlycouldnotfreehimself.Theentirefamilyswamovertoseewhatwaswrong.Mynephewwaded

intothewater,scatteringtheducksinhisattemptto10

helpthestrugglingyoungster.Ashetriedtofreetheducklingbygentlypulling,wediscoveredwhohadsnagged

him.Alargesnappingturtle11

wasaresidentofthesameriver,andhewasinneedofameal.Mynephewquicklytriedtofreetheducklingfrom12

theturtle’sgrasp,buttherewasnowaytheturtlewasgoingtoletgoof13

hisdinner.Para.6ofTextA

9.照看；留神10.試圖做某事11.鱷龜，嚙龜12.把…從…解脫出來(lái)13.放開(kāi)1)Whathappenedtooneoftheducklings?2)Whatwastheentirefamily’sresponsetohistrouble?3)Whatwasthecauseoftheduckling’strouble?4)Whydidn’ttheturtleletgooftheduckling?Heseemedtobecaughtonsomethingbelowthewater’ssurfaceandcouldn’tfreehimself.Theyswamovertoseewhatwaswrong.Alargesnappingturtle.Hewasinneedofamealandthuswouldn’tletgoofhisdinner.QuestionsAboutThisParagraph鴨媽媽領(lǐng)頭，小鴨子們緊緊跟在后面。鴨爸爸在最后，眼睛密切地關(guān)注著自己的孩子們。突然，一只小鴨遇到了麻煩。他好像被水面下的某個(gè)東西絆住了。他不斷地試圖游走，但顯然難以脫身。整個(gè)家族都游了過(guò)來(lái)，想看看到底出了什么問(wèn)題。我侄兒蹚下了水，驅(qū)散了鴨子們，想幫助那只拼命掙扎的小家伙。就在侄兒試圖輕輕拉著小鴨子解救它的時(shí)候，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)是誰(shuí)讓它擱了淺。這條河里的居民：一只大鱷龜正想飽餐一頓。侄兒迅速試圖將小鴨子從鱷龜?shù)目刂葡陆饷摮鰜?lái)，但那只鱷龜就是不肯放走自己的口中餐。ChineseVersionkeepaneyeon:tolookaftersb.orsth.照看；留神e.g.PleasekeepaneyeonmyluggagewhileIgotobuymyticket.我去買票，請(qǐng)照看一下我的行李。Sheaskedmetokeepaneyeonherbabywhileshewentshopping.她去購(gòu)物時(shí)讓我照看一下她的孩子。brood:

n.agroupofyoungbirdswhoallhavethesamemotherandwerebornatthesametime一窩孵出來(lái)的雛雞（或雛鳥(niǎo)等）e.g.Hethenreturnstohisfirstmate,whoseeggsarebynowjusthatching,andhelpsherraisethisbrood.他回到了第一個(gè)配偶那里，她的蛋此時(shí)已經(jīng)孵出，他幫助她養(yǎng)育這窩幼仔。Youwillfindthatthebroodwillgrowatafairlyconstantrateandshouldbearound6mminlengthinaboutfiveweeks.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這窩幼仔成長(zhǎng)速度相當(dāng)均勻，大約5周內(nèi)就可長(zhǎng)到6毫米長(zhǎng)。encounter:

v.toexperienceordealwithsth.,esp.aproblem遭遇e.g.Iexpectedtoencountermanydifficultiesinthecourseofthisjob.我預(yù)料在做這個(gè)工作的過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到很多困難。Tomorrowwewillencountertheenemy.明天我們將要和敵人交戰(zhàn)。apparently:

ad.asfarasoneknowsorcansee顯然地e.g.Apparently,hedislikesme.他顯然不喜歡我。Apparently,shewasveryworriedaboutherson’ssafety.顯然，她很擔(dān)心兒子的安全。wade:

v.towalkinorthroughwaterorotherliquidthatisnotverydeep蹚水e.g.Thechildrenwadedoutintothelake.孩子們蹚水到湖里去。Wewadedacrosstheriverbecausetherewasnobridge.由于沒(méi)有橋，我們只得涉水過(guò)河。scatter:

v.tomakethegroupmoveawayindifferentdirections驅(qū)散；使分散e.g.Thecloudswerescatteredbythewind.風(fēng)起云散。Thepolicescatteredthedisorderlycrowd.警察驅(qū)散了騷亂的人群。inanattempttodo:inanefforttodosth.,wantingtodosth.試圖做某事e.g.Theyfailedintheirattempttoclimbthemountain.他們?cè)噲D攀登這座山，但沒(méi)有成功。Hestudiedhardinanattempttopasstheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)試圖通過(guò)考試。youngster:

n.ayoungpersonorasmallanimal小孩；幼小動(dòng)物freesb.from:tohelpsb.togetoutof把…從…解脫出來(lái)e.g.Wemustfreetheworldfromhunger.我們必須使這個(gè)世界擺脫饑餓。Themanwhorefusedtodecideisnottherebyfreedfromresponsibility.拒絕作出決定的人并不因此而無(wú)須承擔(dān)責(zé)任。snag:

v.tocatchonasharpprojection使擱淺；撞上暗樁e.g.Thebranchofthetreesnaggedhissweaterfrombehind.樹(shù)枝從后面刮到了他的毛衣。Onepossibilityisthatthenetssnaggedonsomethingontheseabed.一個(gè)可能性就是漁網(wǎng)在海底被某個(gè)東西纏住了。snappingturtle:asmallturtlewithpowerfuljawsandahardshellcoveringitsbackthatlivesinlakesinNorthernandCentralAmerica鱷龜，嚙龜resident:

n.someonewholivesinaparticularplace居民e.g.ChineseresidentsofAmerica僑居美國(guó)的中國(guó)人foreign/localresidents外國(guó)僑民/當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘛璪uttherewasnowaytheturtlewasgoingtoletgoofhisdinner.:…butitwasimpossiblefortheturtletoreleasetheduckling—hisdinner.letgoof:tostopholdingsb.orsth.放開(kāi)e.g.Ninaletgoofherhand.尼娜放開(kāi)了她的手。Thelittlegirlwon’tletgoofhermother’shandwhenshetakeshertoschool.小女孩在她媽媽送她上學(xué)的時(shí)候不肯松開(kāi)她的手。

Itwasn’tapleasantsight,watchingonecarnivorousanimalgoingabout14

histaskofstayingalive,feedingon15anotheranimalwhosuddenlyfindshislifeending.Butonceagain,Iwitnessedjusthowanimalsrelateto16

andcareforeachother.Astheyoungducklingstruggledinthewater,thefatherswamaroundandaroundthefranticmotherassheprotectedherotherelevenducklings.Hequackeddeepandcommandingcallstoeachofthem.Finallythemotherrespondedandassistedhimingatheringalltheremainingyoungintooneplaceatthewater’sedge.Forseveralseconds,bothparentsfloatedsidebyside,decidingwhattodo.Then,inaverydeliberateaction,themotherduck,withherfamilyofducklingsnearher,swamdownriverawayfromthetragicscene.Para.7ofTextA

14.著手干15.以…為食物16.發(fā)生共鳴；認(rèn)同

Whatdidtheauthorwitnessfromthisunpleasantsight?Whatdidthefatherduckdoinresponsetotheduckling’sdisaster?Whydidthemotherduckgetherfamilyofducklingsnearherandswamdownriver?Theauthorwitnessedhowanimalsrelateandcareforeachother.Heswamaroundthefranticmotherandquackeddeepandcommandingcallstothewholefamily,gatheringalltheremainingyoungintooneplaceatthewater’sedge.Shewantedtotakethemawayfromthetragicscene.QuestionsAboutThisParagraph看著一個(gè)食肉動(dòng)物為了生存而捕食另一個(gè)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的生命走到盡頭的動(dòng)物，這可不是讓人愉快的場(chǎng)景。但我也再一次親眼看到動(dòng)物如何和睦相處、彼此關(guān)愛(ài)。就在小鴨子在水里掙扎的時(shí)候，鴨爸爸在發(fā)狂的鴨媽媽身邊游來(lái)游去，而鴨媽媽則保護(hù)著其他的11只小鴨子。鴨爸爸向他們發(fā)出低沉、威嚴(yán)的嘎嘎叫聲。最終，鴨媽媽也有了回應(yīng)，協(xié)助他把剩下的幼仔聚集在水邊的一個(gè)地方。好幾秒鐘，夫妻倆肩并肩地漂浮在一起，決定該怎么辦。然后，鴨媽媽非常慎重地帶著身邊的小鴨子們順流而去，離開(kāi)那慘不忍睹的場(chǎng)面。ChineseVersioncarnivorous:

a.feedingonotheranimals食肉的e.g.Mostantsarecarnivorous.大部分螞蟻是食肉動(dòng)物。Wesetourselvesapartfromotherbeasts,carnivorousornot.我們把自己和其他野獸區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)了，不管它們是否是食肉動(dòng)物。goaboutsth.:tobeginorcarryonwithsth.著手干e.g.goingabouttheirdailybusiness著手日常業(yè)務(wù)WhilethebombswereexplodingdailyinBelfast,thehousewiveswentabouttheireverydaytasksofkeepingtheirhouseholdsgoing.在貝爾法斯特每天都被轟炸期間，家庭主婦們照樣操勞著使家庭正常運(yùn)作的日常家務(wù)。feedon:toeatsth.asone’sfood以…為食物e.g.Certainanimalsfeedoninsects.有些動(dòng)物以昆蟲(chóng)為食。Thereadingpublicfeedsonthesemagazines.讀者大眾以這些期刊為精神食糧。relateto:tobeabletounderstandasituationorthewaythatsb.feelsandthinks發(fā)生共鳴；認(rèn)同e.g.Someteenagersrelatebettertotheirfriendsthantotheirfamily.有些青少年與家人反而不如與朋友合得來(lái)。Someadultscannotrelatetotheirchildren.有些成人和他們的孩子合不來(lái)。frantic:

a.soworriedorupsetthatoneisnotabletocontrolhisfeelings發(fā)狂似的e.g.befranticwithanxiety焦慮得發(fā)狂Thechild’sparentswerefranticwhenshedidn’tcomehomeontime.當(dāng)孩子沒(méi)有按時(shí)回家的時(shí)候，她的父母簡(jiǎn)直都發(fā)狂了。downriver:

ad.atortowardsaplacethatisfurtheralongariverasitflowsinthedirectionofthesea向河口.Similarlyformedwordsaredowntown（向市區(qū)）,downwind（順風(fēng)地）,downhill（向山下）anddownstairs（往樓下）.

Thefatherduck,however,tookaverydifferentcourseofaction17.Heswamdirectlybacktothedyingbabyduckandstayedthere,notleavinghissideforonemoment.Thoughhecouldn’tchangethecourseofNature,healsocouldnotleavehisyoungstertheretodiealone.Thatlovingfathercomfortedhisbabyandwatchedhimdie.Eventhenhestayedtomournhisloss,floatingsilentlyinthewater,knowinghisducklingwasgone.Para.8

ofTextA

17.行動(dòng)路線

Whatdidthefatherduckdowhilehiswifetookother

ducklingsdownriver?Heswamdirectlybacktothedyingbabyduckandstayedthere,notleavinghissideforonemoment.Becausehecouldn’tleavehisyoungstertheretodiealoneandhewantedtocomforthimandwatchedhimdie.2)Whydidthefatherduckdothat?QuestionsAboutThisParagraph然而，鴨爸爸采取的卻是完全不一樣的行動(dòng)。他徑直游回到那只奄奄一息的小鴨子身邊，待在那里一刻也不離開(kāi)他。雖然他無(wú)法改變大自然的進(jìn)程，卻也不忍心拋下自己的孩子，讓他孤單地死去。慈愛(ài)的鴨爸爸安慰著自己的孩子，看著他死去。在那一刻，他還待在那里哀悼著失去的幼仔，他靜靜地浮在水上，知道自己的孩子已經(jīng)走了。ChineseVersionacourseofaction:thethingsthatonechoosestodoinaparticularsituation行動(dòng)路線e.g.Onlyonecourseofactionisopento:wemustquittheoriginalplan.我們現(xiàn)在只有一個(gè)行動(dòng)方案，那就是必須放棄原計(jì)劃。Thisyoungwomandidnotbelievethiscourseofactionwouldsolveanything.這個(gè)年輕的女人不相信這個(gè)行動(dòng)方針可以解決任何問(wèn)題。mourn:

v.tofeelextremelysadbecausesomeonehasdied,andtoexpressthisinpublic（表示）哀悼e.g.mournone’smisfortunes為自己所遭受的不幸而感到痛心Shehadtomournherfriendswhodiedintheaccident.她不得不哀悼在事故中死去的朋友。

Itwasn’tuntilhalfanhourlaterthatwewatchedasthefatherduckswamslowlydownrivertoreunitewith18

hisfamily.Themotherhadkeptalloftheirotheryoungsterstogether,waitingforhisreturn.Thesaddenedparentsfloatedsidebysideforatime,quackinginunison19

inquiet,lowtones.Thesurvivingducklingsswamaroundthem,butsoonbegantosplashandplay.Astheparentswatched,theyseemedrelievedthattheordealwasbehindthemandtheirfamilywassafeagain.Nowitwastimetomoveon,caringforthedependentlittleducks,helpingthemgrowandeventuallysendingthemoff20

tolivetheirownlives.Para.9

ofTextA

18.與…團(tuán)聚19.同時(shí)地；共同地20.把…送走

Whendidthefatherduckreunitewithhisfamily?Halfanhourlater.Theyfloatedsidebysideforatime,quackinginunisoninquiet,lowtones.2)Howdidthesaddenedparentsexpresstheircareforeachother?Theysoonbegantosplashandplay.3)Whatdidthesurvivingducklingssoonbegintodo?QuestionsAboutThisParagraph我們觀看了半個(gè)小時(shí)后，鴨爸爸才順流而下，重新與家人團(tuán)聚。鴨媽媽讓他們其他所有的孩子待在一起，正等待著他的歸來(lái)。傷心的父母并排地在水上浮了一會(huì)兒，用低沉的音調(diào)同時(shí)嘎嘎地叫著。幸存下來(lái)的小鴨子在他們周圍游著，但不久就開(kāi)始戲水玩耍。鴨爸爸、鴨媽媽看著，似乎欣慰地覺(jué)得苦難已經(jīng)過(guò)去，全家人又安全了?，F(xiàn)在該是繼續(xù)下去的時(shí)候了，照看那些不能獨(dú)立生活的小鴨子，幫助他們成長(zhǎng)，最終送走他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)自己的生活。ChineseVersionreunitewith:tocometogetherwithsb.againafteraperiodofseparation與…團(tuán)聚e.g.HewouldreunitewithhisparentseverySpringFestival.他每年春節(jié)都會(huì)和父母團(tuán)聚。IfeelexcitedattheideaofreunitingwithmyoldfriendswhomIhavenotseenforover10years.一想到將和10年未見(jiàn)的老朋友團(tuán)聚，我就很是激動(dòng)。sadden:

v.tomakesb.feelsad使…傷心；悲傷e.g.Whatsaddensmemostisthathisoldparentshavetoworkashardashedoes.讓我最傷心的是他的老父母只得像他一樣苦干。Itsaddensmetothinkthatmanychildreninthatregionhavetodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty.那個(gè)地區(qū)很多孩子因?yàn)樨毨Фz學(xué)，想起這點(diǎn)我就很傷心。inunison:together,oratthesametime同時(shí)地；共同地e.g.“Itwasn’tus,”theysaidinunison.“那不是我們干的,”他們異口同聲地說(shuō)道。Asthedawnslowlybroke,thecocksbegantocrowinunisonoutsidethecottages.黎明來(lái)到的時(shí)候，農(nóng)舍外面的公雞開(kāi)始同時(shí)打鳴。ordeal:

n.anextremelyunpleasantexperience,esp.onethatlastsforalongtime苦難經(jīng)歷e.g.Theyhavesufferedaterribleordeal.他們?cè)馐芰丝膳碌目嚯y經(jīng)歷。IonlyhopethatbyfollowingthisadviceothermembersdonotfacetheordealwhichMr.Smithhasexperienced.我只希望其他成員遵從了這個(gè)建議就不必再遭受史密斯先生經(jīng)歷過(guò)的磨難。dependent:

a.requiringsb.orsth.forfinancialorothersupport依賴的e.g.Hehasamothercompletelydependentonhim.他有一個(gè)完全靠他贍養(yǎng)的母親。Thecountryisdependentonforeignaid.