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體裁:議論文(2012北京高考作文題)話題:就長(zhǎng)鉛筆嘲笑短鉛筆的情景發(fā)表議論[佳作選登]
①Ithinkthewhitepencil,lookingproudanddelighted,islaughingattheblackpencilbysaying“You'renearingtheend!”Theblackpencil,ontheotherhand,remainscalm.Thewhitepencil'swordslethimfallintodeepthoughts.Heclearlyremembershehasbeenusedinwritinganddrawing.②It'struethathe'sapproachingtheendbuthehasbeenlivingamemorablelifeandtherehasrarelybeenadullmoment.Inreality,weshouldlearnfromtheblackpencil:nottomindwhatotherssaysolongasweareconfidentinwhatwehavedone.[佳句變式]①-A:Ithinkthewhitepencil,wholooksproudanddelighted,islaughingattheblackpencilbysaying“You‘renearingtheend!”①-B:Inmyopinion,theproudanddelightedwhitepencilislaughingattheblackpencilbysaying“You'renearingtheend!”②-A:Headmitsthathe'sapproachingtheendbuthehasbeenlivingamemorablelifeandtherehasrarelybeenadullmoment.②-B:Althoughhe'sapproachingtheend,hehasbeenlivingamemorablelifeandtherehasrarelybeenadullmoment.Ⅰ.高頻單詞必記一、考綱詞匯識(shí)記1.
adj. 忠誠(chéng)的;忠心的2.
adj. 英俊的;大方的;美觀的3.
adj. 古典的;古典文學(xué)的4.
vt.&vi. 投擲;投射;拋5.
vt.&vi. 分享;共有;分配n. 共享;份額loyalhandsomeclassicalcastshare6.
n.觸覺(jué);知覺(jué);感覺(jué);情緒7.
n.悲哀;悲痛8.
adj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的;正直的→
(反義詞)adj.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的;不正直的→
n.誠(chéng)實(shí);正直9.
adj.荒蕪的;荒廢的→
v.拋棄,遺棄n.沙漠10.
n.謊話;謊言→
n.撒謊者11.
adj.恐懼的→
vt.恐嚇;驚嚇→
adj.膽怯的;嚇人的;可怕的feelingsorrowhonestdishonesthonestydeserteddesertlieliarscaredscarescary二、高頻詞匯活用(一)一言辨異12.Doyouoften________withyourfamilyaboutwhich
TVprogrammetowatch?Lastnight,myparentsand
Iwereinahuge________,andIwasreallyupset
aboutit.(argue)
答案:argue;argument13.Itwasreportedthathe________wentintotheburning
housetorescuethebaby.Inmyopinion,itwas
________ofhimtodoso.Everyonepresentadmiredhimforhis________.(brave)
答案:bravely;brave;bravery(二)用survive及其派生詞的適當(dāng)形式填空14.(1)AsfarasIknow,theonly________ofthebigfire
________hiswifeby10years.(2)Inmyopinion,itwillgreatlyincreaseyour
chancesof________.
答案:(1)survivor;survived
(2)survivalⅡ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)必背1.
爭(zhēng)論某事;辯論某事2.
喜歡;愛(ài)好3.
對(duì)……感興趣,熱 衷于……4.
搜索;追尋;尋找5.
與……建立友誼6.
擔(dān)心;關(guān)心argueaboutfondofbeintohuntfordevelopafriendshipwithcareabout7.
例如……8.
與……交朋友9.
把……當(dāng)作……對(duì)待10.
玩得開(kāi)心11.
給某人寫(xiě)信(通常指寫(xiě)短信)12.
為了suchasmakefriendswithtreat...as...havefundropsbalineinordertoⅢ.經(jīng)典句型必會(huì)1.Idon'tenjoysinging,nordoIlikecomputers.我既不喜歡唱歌,也不喜歡計(jì)算機(jī)。解讀:nor+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ),表示“……也不……”。仿寫(xiě):我再也沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他,也沒(méi)有收到他的來(lái)信。Ineversawhimagain,___________________him.答案:nordidIhearfrom2.RockmusicisOK,andsoisskiing.搖滾樂(lè)不錯(cuò),滑雪也可以。解讀:so+助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ),表示“……也……”。仿寫(xiě):足球?qū)ξ液苤匾?,但我們的友誼也同樣重要。Footballisveryimportanttome,but____________.答案:soisourfriendship3.Chuckisabusinessmanwhoisalwayssobusythathehaslittletimeforhisfriends.查克是個(gè)商人,他總是很忙,以至于很少有時(shí)間和朋友在一起。解讀:so+adj./adv.+that...意為“如此……以至于……”。仿寫(xiě):我有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)見(jiàn)到安了,我已忘記她長(zhǎng)什么樣了。Ihaven'tseenAnn__________________________I'veforgottenwhatshelookslike.答案:forsolongthat4.OnedayChuckisonaflightacrossthePacific
Oceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashes.一天,查克飛越太平洋時(shí),他的飛機(jī)突然墜毀。解讀:when作并列連詞用,表示“正在這時(shí)”。仿寫(xiě):前些天他正步行上學(xué),就在這時(shí)一輛汽車把他撞倒了。Hewaswalkingtoschooltheotherday__________acarknockedhimdown.答案:when5.EventhoughWilsonisjustavolleyball,hebecomes
fondofhim.盡管威爾遜只不過(guò)是一個(gè)排球,他還是漸漸喜歡上了他。解讀:eventhough“即使,盡管”,用以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。仿寫(xiě):我以前很喜歡自己的工作,盡管工作辛苦工作時(shí)間又長(zhǎng)。Iusedtoenjoymyjob,________________itwashardworkandlonghours.答案:eventhough1.honestadj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的;正直的,坦誠(chéng)的[教材P7原句]IamhonestandIliketohavefun.我很誠(chéng)實(shí),我喜歡開(kāi)開(kāi)心心的。(1)behonestwithsb.
對(duì)……坦誠(chéng),對(duì)……誠(chéng)實(shí)
itishonestofsb.todosth.
某人做某事是誠(chéng)實(shí)的
tobehonest(常作插入語(yǔ))老實(shí)說(shuō)
giveanhonestopinion
提出坦誠(chéng)的意見(jiàn)(2)honestyn.
誠(chéng)實(shí),正直(3)honestlyadv.
真誠(chéng)地;坦白地,實(shí)在地
honestlyspeaking(=tobehonest)
老實(shí)說(shuō),說(shuō)實(shí)話
(4)dishonestadj.
不誠(chéng)實(shí)的①It'sveryimportanttobehonestwithyourfriends.對(duì)朋友要坦誠(chéng),這很重要。②Itisveryhonestofyoutotellthetruth.你很誠(chéng)實(shí),說(shuō)出了真相。③
ItakegreatprideinMoYan'swinningtheNoblePrizeinLiterature.說(shuō)實(shí)話,對(duì)莫言獲得了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)我感到很驕傲。Tobehonest/Honestlyspeaking,2.a(chǎn)rguevt.&vi.爭(zhēng)論;辯論[教材P2原句]Whataretheyarguingabout?他們?cè)跔?zhēng)論什么?
(1)arguewithsb.about/oversth.
與某人辯論某事
arguefor/againststh.
贊成/反對(duì)某事
o/outofdoingsth.
說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事
arguethat...
主張,認(rèn)為,堅(jiān)持……(2)argumentn.
爭(zhēng)論,辯論;論點(diǎn),論據(jù)
haveanargumentabout/over/onsth.
就……展開(kāi)爭(zhēng)論①Thekidsarearguingwitheachotheroverthismatter.孩子們?cè)跒榇耸露鵂?zhēng)吵。②Muchtomysurprise,he
theplan.使我非常吃驚的是,他贊成/反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。③Theexpertsarguethatthepricesofthedailygoodswillgodownsoon.專家們認(rèn)為,日常用品的價(jià)格很快就會(huì)降下來(lái)。④Theywere
whoseturnitwastodothecooking.他們?yōu)樵撦喌秸l(shuí)做飯而爭(zhēng)吵不休。arguedfor/againsthavinganargumentabout輕巧識(shí)記FatherandIoftenarguewitheachotherabout/overwhattodoorwhatnottodoandusuallyhearguesmeintodoingwhattodoandoutofdoingwhatnottodo.爸爸和我經(jīng)常辯論什么該做,什么不該做;通常是他說(shuō)服我做該做的,不做不該做的。(2011·湖北高考)Theministersaid,“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwe'llnever________withcriminals.”A.negotiate
B.quarrelC.a(chǎn)rgue D.consult解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:部長(zhǎng)說(shuō),“我們可以和任何合法團(tuán)體進(jìn)行討論,但是我們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)和犯罪分子談判”。
negotiate“談判,協(xié)商”;
quarrel“爭(zhēng)吵”;argue“爭(zhēng)辯,爭(zhēng)論”;
consult“咨詢”。
答案:A3.survivevt.幸免于;從……中生還;比……活得還長(zhǎng);經(jīng)受得住
vi.活下來(lái);幸存[教材P3原句]Youhavetosurvivewithoutfriendsandallthethingsyouuseinyoureverydaylife.在沒(méi)有朋友和日常生活所需的情況下,你得生存下來(lái)。(1)survivesb.
比某人活得長(zhǎng)
survivesth.
經(jīng)歷某事后還活著,幸免于(2)surviveon
靠……活下來(lái),靠……生存
survivefrom
從……中幸存(3)survivaln.
幸存,殘存
survivorn.
幸存者,生還者①Hewasreallyluckytosurvivethebullettrainaccident.他從動(dòng)車事故中幸存下來(lái)真是幸運(yùn)。②Thereareconcernsthatthevictimsmaynot
.人們擔(dān)心那些受害者可能熬不過(guò)這個(gè)冬天。③Manystrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.許多奇怪的風(fēng)俗從古代沿襲下來(lái)。survivethewinter4.sharevt.&vi.分享,共享;共有;分配
n.共享;份額;股份,股票[教材P4原句]Chucklearnsthatweneedfriendstosharehappinessandsorrow,andthatitisimportanttohavesomeonetocareabout.查克懂得了我們需要朋友同甘共苦,關(guān)心別人是很重要的。①Wewillmakesureeveryonegetstheirfairshare.我們會(huì)確保每人會(huì)得到公平合理的一份。sharesth.with/between/amongsb.
與某人分享某物
share(in)sth.
分享,分擔(dān)shareone‘sjoysandsorrows
與某人同甘共苦②Sheissogenerousthatshealways
whatevershehas
us.她非常慷慨,不論有什么東西都和我們分享。③Sheshares(in)mytroublesaswellas(in)myjoys.她和我苦樂(lè)共享。shareswithⅠ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1.Asstudents,weshouldlearntobe____________(忠誠(chéng)的)toourcountry.
答案:loyal2.Thehousemusthavebeen____________(荒廢)formanyyears,asthereisdustonthedesksandchairs.
答案:deserted3.Manyyoungpeoplearefondoflookingfor__________
(冒險(xiǎn)).
答案:adventure4.Itwasa__________(勇敢的)decisiontoquitherjobandstartherownbusiness.
答案:brave5.Mybrotherwastwoyearsolderthanme,taller,and
more__________(英俊的).答案:handsome6.Someanimalscan__________(活下來(lái))inthedesertonverylittlewater.
答案:survive7.Theylearngreat________(悲傷)andhappiness,and
finallytheylearnwisdom.
答案:sorrow8.Hedidhis________(份額)ofthework.
答案:shareⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1.(2013·天津模擬)Lucycutdownherdailyspendinginorderto________thefinancialstorm.A.prevent B.surviveC.keep D.stop解析:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:露西減少她的日常花費(fèi)以經(jīng)受得住金融風(fēng)暴。prevent“阻止”;survive“經(jīng)歷……后依然活著,幸免于,經(jīng)受得住”;keep“保持,阻止”;stop“停止,阻撓”。答案:B2.(2013·莆田模擬)Toworkforthecountry,onemustlearn
to________allhisknowledgewiththewholescientificworld.A.spare B.giveC.share D.devote解析:句意:為了為祖國(guó)工作,一個(gè)人必須學(xué)會(huì)與整個(gè)科學(xué)界分享他所有的知識(shí)。shareknowledgewith...“與……共享知識(shí)”。答案:C3.(2012·桂林模擬)—Whatisgoingonoverthere?—Theyarearguing________eachother________privateaffairs.A.a(chǎn)bout;with B.with;aboutC.with;with D.a(chǎn)bout;about解析:考查固定搭配。句意:“那兒發(fā)生了什么事?”“他們正為私事彼此爭(zhēng)論不休”。arguewithsb.aboutsth.“與某人爭(zhēng)論某事”。答案:B4.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheirmarriage,Jane?—________,
ifIwereKate,Iwouldnotmarryhim.A.Generallyspeaking B.ItdependsC.Tobehonest D.Tomysurprise解析:tobehonest“說(shuō)實(shí)話”,其后常接表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)或看法的句子。答案:C1.inorderto為了,以便[教材P4原句]Inordertosurvive,Chuckdevelopsafriendshipwithanunusualfriend—avolleyballhecallsWilson.為了生存,查克與一名與眾不同的朋友建立了友誼,那是一只排球,他管它叫威爾遜。①EverydayshelistenstoEnglishovertheradioinordertoimproveherpronunciation.她每天都聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)廣播,為的是提高英語(yǔ)發(fā)音水平。②Itistrueyoucan'tjudgeabookbyitscover,yetpeopledo“cover”themselvesinordertoconveycertainmessages.
(2012·陜西高考閱讀D)的確,你不能根據(jù)封面判斷一本書(shū);然而,為了傳達(dá)某種信息,人們確實(shí)給自己裝上“封面”。inorderto,soasto,inorderthat(1)inorderto引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)既可以位于句首,又可位于句中。(2)soasto引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)不可置于句首。(3)inorderto和soasto的否定形式是在to前加not,即inordernotto,soasnotto。(4)inorderthat引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。[自填助記](méi)用inorder(not)to,soas(not)to,inorderthat填空①Chinaispayingmoreandmoreattentiontoeducation
catchupwiththedevelopedcountriesinscienceandtechnology.②
findthebook,hesearchedthewholehouse.③Igotupearly
belateforthemeeting.④Leaveyourtelephonenumber
wemightcontactyou.inorderto/soastoInordertoinordernot/soasnottoinorderthat2.careabout關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,在乎,在意[教材P4原句]Chucklearnsthatweneedfriendstosharehappinessandsorrow,andthatitisimportanttohavesomeonetocareabout.查克懂得了我們需要朋友同甘共苦,關(guān)心別人是很重要的。①Peoplewhoreallycareaboutcarsfindthesesmallimprovementsexciting. (2012·重慶高考閱讀E)真正喜歡汽車的人發(fā)現(xiàn)這些小的改進(jìn)令人興奮。②Shethinksonlyofherselfand
others.她只想著自己而不關(guān)心別人。③MuchlikeAlbertEinstein,YuanLongpingnevercaresaboutanythingelsebuthisresearch.與愛(ài)因斯坦非常相似,袁隆平除了他的研究從不關(guān)心其他事情。doesn'tcareaboutcareabout,carefor(1)careabout表示“關(guān)心,在乎”,一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。(2)carefor表示“喜歡,愿意”時(shí),也常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,表示“關(guān)心,照顧”時(shí),可用于肯定句中。[自填助記](méi)用careabout,carefor的適當(dāng)形式填空①Idon'tknowandnordoI
whatotherssayaboutme.②Themother
thesickchilddayandnight,whichmovedusall.③Wouldyou
acupoftea?careaboutcaredforcarefor3.fondof喜歡;愛(ài)好[教材P2原句]I'm15andI'mfondofsinging.我15歲,喜歡唱歌。①Beingfondofbooksandanxiousforknowledge,shefrequentsthelibrary.因?yàn)樗矚g讀書(shū),渴求知識(shí),所以經(jīng)常去圖書(shū)館。beinto(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)某事深感興趣becrazyabout
熱衷于,醉心于;愛(ài)上,迷戀著bekeenon
喜愛(ài)goinfor
愛(ài)好;參加(考試、競(jìng)賽)②Jessieisintocollectingstampsandhasalargecollectionofstamps.杰西對(duì)集郵非常感興趣,已收藏了大量郵票。③He
frightfully
football.他愛(ài)足球愛(ài)得要命。keenonisⅠ.完成句子1.Idon'tthinkRobert_____________________________
(關(guān)心家人發(fā)生什么事);heissoselfish.
答案:caresaboutwhathappenstohisfamily2.Hehastolearnhowtocollectwater,_______________
(尋找食物),andmakeafire.
答案:huntforfood3.AtfirstIhateEnglish,butIslowly________________
(變得喜歡)itbecauseIlikeourEnglishteacher.
答案:becomefondof4.Nowisnotthetimeto______________________(爭(zhēng)論)
whoiswrong.Wemustfindawayout.
答案:argueabout5.__________________________(為了保持健康),you
shouldgetmoreexerciseeveryday.
答案:Inordertokeepfit/healthy6.Duringthestrugglingyears,they_________________
(彼此建立了深厚的友誼).
答案:developedadeepfriendshipwitheachotherⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond________playingtennisnowadays.A.on B.toC.in D.of解析:考查固定短語(yǔ)用法。句意:現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的年輕人喜歡打網(wǎng)球。befondof“喜歡,愛(ài)好”。答案:D2.________hecouldcatchtheearlybusthenext
morning,Tomsetthealarmclockhalfanhourearlierthanusualbeforegoingtobed.A.Inthat B.InorderthatC.Incase D.Solongas解析:inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,符合句意。inthat“因?yàn)椤?;incase“以防萬(wàn)一”;solongas“只要”。答案:B3.I'llbelateandmymotherwillbeangrywithme,butI
don't________it.A.carefor B.careaboutC.takecare D.takecareof解析:考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。careabout“在乎”,符合句意。carefor“關(guān)心,照顧;喜歡”;
takecare“注意;當(dāng)心”;
takecareof“注意;照顧;撫養(yǎng)”。答案:B1.Chuckisabusinessmanwhoisalwaysso_busy_that
hehaslittletimeforhisfriends.
查克是個(gè)商人,他總是很忙,以至于很少有時(shí)間和朋友在一起。(1)so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,具體有以下結(jié)構(gòu):①Thisproblemissodifficultthatnobodycanworkitout.這道題太難,沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能解出來(lái)。②ThereweresomanycarsinthestreetthatIcouldn'tgetthrough.街道上有如此多的車,我過(guò)不去。(2)such...that...也可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,但such常用來(lái)修飾名詞,其后可以跟以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu):③Itwas
wedecidedtogoforapicnic.天氣非常好,我們決定去野餐。suchalovelydaythat[提醒]
在so/such...that...引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句中,so/such...位于句首時(shí),主句要倒裝。④Soloudly
溫馨提示
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