定語從句講座課件

定語從句講座課件WhichbabyisJack?穿藍(lán)褲子的baby是Jack。Thebaby

isJack.Thebaby

isJack.whosetrousersarebulewhoiswearingbuletrousersJackWhichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouseTheAttributiveClause

（定語從句）復(fù)句中，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句，它的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。2.定語從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞叫先行詞。3.引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞（分為：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。Eg：Theletter（thatIreceivedyesterday）ismissing.

先行詞關(guān)系代詞（定語從句）找出下列復(fù)合句中的定語從句、先行詞、關(guān)系詞，并說明關(guān)系詞在從句中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，再寫出主句。主語eg：Theletter

（thatIreceivedyesterday）ismissing.

先行詞關(guān)系代詞（定語從句）主句:Theletterismissing.1.Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhard

willnotpass

theexam.作主語1.Thestudents

(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpass

先行詞定語從句theexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.2.Thewomanwhoyousawintheparkisour

Englishteacher.主句:2.Thewoman

(whoyousawinthepark)isour

先行詞定語從句Englishteacher.主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.從句的主語：youWho在從句的作賓語：3.Ashoeshopisashopwhichsellsshoes.4.Thebookthatyouwant

isonthedesk.

3.Ashoeshopisashop

(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.從句的主語:which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句從句的主語:從句的賓語：Thebookisonthedesk.youthat(定語從句)關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞也叫引導(dǎo)詞，可分為兩類：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。注意：關(guān)系詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯(lián)系的作用，并在定語從句中做一定的成分。1.關(guān)系代詞:who

、

whom、that、which、whose.

在定語從句中作主語或賓語。2.關(guān)系副詞：when、where、why.

在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因

狀語。關(guān)系代詞:

1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）此時(shí)可換作that，作賓語還可換作whom

Theman（who/thatItalkedwith

）isourteacher.賓語

Aperson

（

who/that

stealsthings）iscalledathief.主語

2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),可換作that（如有介詞不能用that）Theman（(whom/who)Inoddedto）isMrLi.Theman（towhomInodded）isProfessorLi.3.which指物，作主語或賓語,也可用that(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省,也不能用that)，Thesearethetrees(which

/that

wereplanted

lastyear).主語Isthisthelibrary((which/that)youborrowbooksfrom)?賓語Isthisthelibrary(fromwhichyouborrowBooks)?

4.that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachine(that/whichcanfly）.

Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman((that/whom)Itoldyouabout).5.whose在定語從句中作定語，表示引導(dǎo)詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與ofwhich互換使用。Thisisthebook(whosecoverisblue).Thisisthebook(ofwhichthecoverisblue).歸納：that,即指人又指物，作主語或賓語。

which,指物，作主語或賓語。

who,whom指人,who作主語,whom作賓語。that,which,whom在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine___________canfly.2)Thecar________myuncleboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.3)Thestudents_________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman_________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhom/that5.Thehouse__________weliveinisveryold.6.Thosearetheshoes__________Ilostlastweek.7.Thatistheman__________foundmyhandbag.8.Lucycan’teatfood__________has chocolateinit.

which/that

which/that

who/that

which/that9.Thevillage__________GuoPenglivesinisveryfaraway.10.Theboy__________iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.11.Ihatepeople__________talkmuchbutdolittle.12.Thedetectivefoundthethieves__________robbedtheBankofHawaii.13.Myauntworksinauniversity__________hasoverfivethousandstudents.

which/that

who/that

who/that

who/that

which/thatTheroadwhich/thatwasdestroyedintheearthquakehasnowbeenbuiltstronger.1.

Theroad

hasnowbeenbuiltstronger.

Itwasdestroyedintheearthquake.

ThesoldiershavesavedthepeopleWho/thatwereindanger.2.Thepeoplewereindanger.Thesoldiershavesavedthem.them把下列的句子合并為含定語從句的復(fù)合句。Thewaiterwho/thatservedusteawasveryfriendlyandpolite.3.Thewaiterwasveryfriendlyandpolite.Heservedustea.HeAdictionaryisabookwhich/thatyoucanusetolearnmorewords.4.Adictionaryisabook.Youcanuseittolearnmorewords.itXiaoMingworksinashopwhich/thatsellsphotocameras.XiaoMingworksinashop.Theshopsellsphotocameras.Whatwasthenameofthefarmer?HediscoveredthetombofQinShiHuang.Whatwasthenameofthefarmerwho/thatdiscoveredthetombofQinShiHuang.That與which的特殊用法：以下情況只能用that1.

先行詞既有指人又有指物.eg:Theyaretalkingaboutthepersonsandthings

thattheysawinthefactory.2.

當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或前被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。eg:Shewasthe

firstpersonthatpassedtheexam.3.當(dāng)先行詞是最高級形式或被形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)。eg:Theoldest

manthatsitsinthemiddleismygrandfather.all,much,anything,something,nothing,none,theone等不定代詞.eg:I'minterestedineverythingthatisaboutfootball.5.先行詞前面有oneof，all，no，little，few，any,theonly,thevery,thelast等詞修飾時(shí)。eg：Iwanttoreadall

thebooks

thatwerewrittenbyLuXun.6.

主句是以who/which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)Whoistheboythatisplayingfootball?Fillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoon（臺風(fēng)）killedthepeopleandcattle（牛，牲畜）_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?Fillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoon（臺風(fēng)）killedthepeopleandcattle（牛，牲畜）_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?thatthatthatthatthatthat以下情況只能用which1.

關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí).Thisisthehouseofwhichthewindowsfacesouth.2.

當(dāng)先行詞為that,those時(shí)。eg:What'sthat

whichwasputinthecar?3.一個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，一個(gè)用that，一個(gè)用which。eg:Hebuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.

Exercise:Pleasepassme

thebook

of________the

coverisgreen.

2.Whatarethose______wereputinthecar.3.Hebuiltupafactory_______producedthings

that

hadneverbeenseenbefore.whichwhichwhichwhen在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==關(guān)系副詞比較:Theplace____interestedmemostwasJiuzhaigou.該定語從句缺少主語，先行詞是物，所以答案為：Awhy在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于“介詞for+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=合作探究：觀察下面復(fù)合句中的定語從句、先行詞、關(guān)系詞，以及關(guān)系詞在從句中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧＃?/p>

1.Theplace

（that/whichinterstedmemostwasjiuzhaigou.

先行詞關(guān)系代詞（主語）（定語從句）（提示：Theplacewasjiuzhaigou.

Itinterstedmemost.)2.IlikeHainan

（wheretheweatheriswarm）.

先行詞關(guān)系副詞（在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語）（定語從句）（提示：IlikeHainan

.

TheweatheriswarminHainan.

）Theroadwhich/that（主語）

wasdestroyedintheearthquakehasnowbeenbuiltstronger.1.The

road

hasnowbeenbuiltstronger

It（主語）

wasdestroyedintheearthquake.

Thisistheschoolwheremymotherworks.

2.Thisistheschool.Mymotherworksintheschool（地點(diǎn)狀語）(二)把下列的句子合并為含定語從句的復(fù)合句。

Exercise：1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.5.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/atwhichwhere/inwhich

關(guān)系副詞when指時(shí)間,關(guān)系副詞where指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作狀語。即使先行詞是時(shí)間地點(diǎn),若作從句中的賓語，只能用關(guān)系代詞that,which.(定語從句)歸納總結(jié)在選擇引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞時(shí)，有如下要點(diǎn)：1由于關(guān)系代詞在主句與從句間既起到聯(lián)系作用，有在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，因此，要正確判斷關(guān)系代詞在從句中的功能，如作主語還是賓語等。2當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用who（做主語，賓語），that（做主語，賓語），whom（作賓語），whose（作定語）3當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可用that（做主語，賓語），which（做主語，賓語）4在定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可省略，但在介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。指人時(shí)，介詞后只用whom，指物時(shí)，介詞后只用which。5在非限制性定語從句中，指人時(shí)，只用who，指物時(shí)，只用which。ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.如果介詞提前，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞不能省略指物，只用which指人,只用whomIsthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.(定語從句)強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,whosethat,orwhich.1Ihaveafriend___________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.3Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.4Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.who/thatwhich/thatwhoseWhich/thatFillintheblankswithwho,whom,whosethat,orwhich.5Thefamily_____I’mstayingwithlivesintown.6Iknowthestudent________articlewaspublished.7Betty,______hasneverbeenabroad,isstudyingEnglishverywell.8Myparentsliveinahouse____________ismorethan100yearsold.9Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.thatwhosewhowhich/thatwhom(中考鏈接)中考題型呈現(xiàn)定語從句()1.(2012年廣東)Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark________wevisitedlastweek.A．whoC．whatB．whenD．Which

D先行詞park在從句中作visited的賓語，從句起到修飾先行詞的作用，故就用which。()2.(2012年廣東廣州)Wheneverhewaslate,hecouldfindplentyofexcuses________soundedreasonable.A.whoC．when

B.where D.whichD先行詞excuses指物，且在從句中作主語。故選D。()3.(2012年廣東佛山)Foshanisacity________hasaverylonghistory.A．whoseB．whichC．WhoB先行詞acity指物，且在從句中作主語。故選B。()4.(2012年廣東河源________issmokingislookingfor________shelostyesterday.A．whom;whichC．that;whoB．who;what D．which;where

B先行詞Mr.Smith指人，且在從句中作主語，故第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該填who,whatshelost意為“她所掉的東西”。故選B。()5.(2012年廣東湛江)—Doyouknowthegirl________issittingunderthetree?—Yes,sheismylittlesister.A．whatC．whomB．whichD．WhoD先行詞thegirl指人，且在從句中作主語。故選D。()6.(2012年廣東肇慶)Thelastplace________wevisitedwastheSummerPalace.A．whereB．thatC．WhyB先行詞是thelastplace指物，且在從句中作賓語。故選B。()7.(2011年廣東)Thefirstthing________mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichC．whyB．thatD．who

B先行詞thing指物，在從句中作賓語，且前面有序數(shù)詞thefirst修飾，故從句用that引導(dǎo)。()8.(2011年廣東佛山)Doyouhaveanyshoes________canmatchthedress?A.thatB．whoC．Whose

A題意：你有能與這條連衣裙相搭配的鞋子嗎？先行詞shoes指物，且在從句中作主語，故用that。()9.(2011年廣東清遠(yuǎn))Haveyoureadthebook________isaboutthemoon?

A.whatC．/

B．itD．Which

Dit和what不能作定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，故A、B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；先行詞thebook指物，且作主語，關(guān)系詞不能省略，故用which。()10.(2011年廣東廣州)Thestory________Ireadinthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.A.WhoseC．thatB．whoD．WhereC先行詞指物，且在從句中作賓語。故選C。()11.(2011年廣東肇慶)PeoplefromdifferentplacescometovisitZhaoqing________isfamousforitsbeautifulmountainsandlakes.A.whatB．whichC．whoB先行詞Zhaoqing指物，且在從句中作主語，故用which。()12.(2011年廣東梅州)Ihatethose________don'thelpotherswhen